Formula Reference Sheet

Shape Formulas for Area (A) and Circumference (C)

1 1
Triangle A ! 2 bh ! 2 " base " height

Rectangle A ! lw ! length " width

1 1
Trapezoid A ! 2 (b1 + b2)h ! 2 " sum of bases " height

Parallelogram A ! bh ! base " height

A ! πr2 ! π " square of radius

Circle C ! 2πr ! 2 " π " radius
C ! πd ! π " diameter

Figure Formulas for Volume (V) and Surface Area (SA)

Rectangular Prism SV ! lwh ! length " width " height

SA ! 2lw # 2hw # 2lh
! 2(length " width) # 2(height " width) # 2(length " height)

General SV ! Bh ! area of base " height

Prisms SA ! sum of the areas of the faces

Right Circular SV ! Bh = area of base " height

Cylinder
SA ! 2B # Ch ! (2 " area of base) # (circumference " height)

1 1
Square Pyramid SV ! 3 Bh ! 3 " area of base " height
1
SA ! B # 2 Pl
1
! area of base # ( 2 " perimeter of base " slant height)

1 1
Right Circular SV ! 3 Bh ! 3 " area of base " height
Cone
1 1
SA ! B # 2 Cl ! area of base # ( 2 " circumference " slant height)

4 4
Sphere SV ! 3 πr3 ! 3 " π " cube of radius
SA ! 4πr2 ! 4 " π " square of radius

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 Equations of a Line Coordinate Geometry Formulas
Standard Form: Let (x1 , y1 ) and (x2 , y2 ) be two points
in the plane.
Ax ! By " C
where A and B are not both zero y2 – y1
slope " x – x where x2 # x1
Slope-Intercept Form: 2 1

y " mx ! b or y " b ! mx
where m " slope and b " y-intercept ⎛ x1 + x 2 y 1 + y 2 ⎞
midpoint " ⎝ ,
2 2 ⎠
Point-Slope Form:
y – y1 " m(x – x1 )
where m " slope, (x1 , y1 ) " point on line
distance " (x2 – x1)2 + (y2 – y1)2

Distance Traveled Polygon Angle Formulas

d " rt Sum of degree measures of the interior
angles of a polygon:
distance " rate × time
180(n – 2)
Degree measure of an interior angle of
a regular polygon:
Simple Interest
180(n – 2)
I " prt n
interest " principal × interest rate × time where n is the number of sides of the polygon

Formulas for Right Triangles Special Triangles

B
c Pythagorean Theorem:
a
a2 ! b2 " c2
A C
b
30˚ 45 ˚
opposite ⎞
⎠
2a a 3
sin A = ac =
⎟
⎟ a 2 a
hypotenuse ⎠
⎞

adjacent ⎞
⎠
cos A = bc =
⎟
⎟ 60˚ 45 ˚
hypotenuse ⎠ a
⎞
a

opposite ⎞
⎠
tan A = a =
⎟
⎟
adjacent ⎠
⎞
b

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