Puma (brand)

Puma SE, branded as Puma, is a German multinational

Puma SE
corporation that designs and manufactures athletic and
casual footwear, apparel and accessories, which is
headquartered in Herzogenaurach, Bavaria, Germany. Puma
is the third largest sportswear manufacturer in the world.[4]
The company was founded in 1948 by Rudolf Dassler. In
1924, Rudolf and his brother Adolf Dassler had jointly
formed the company Gebrüder Dassler Schuhfabrik
(Dassler Brothers Shoe Factory). The relationship between
the two brothers deteriorated until the two agreed to split in
1948, forming two separate entities, Adidas and Puma. Both
companies are currently based in Herzogenaurach, Germany.

Puma has been a public company since 1986, listed on the

Frankfurt Stock Exchange. French luxury group Kering
(formerly known as Pinault-Printemps-Redoute or PPR)
holds 16%, Kering's largest shareholder Artemis SA owns
29% of the share capital.[5] Since 1 July 2013, the company PUMA headquarters in Herzogenaurach,
has been led by former football professional Bjørn Gulden Germany,
(CEO). Type Societas Europaea
Traded as FWB: PUM (https://www.
As of 2017, Puma SE employs more than 13,000 people boerse-frankfurt.de/globa
worldwide and distributes its products in more than 120 l-search/PUM)
countries.[6][7] ISIN DE0006969603

Following the split from his brother, Rudolf Dassler Industry Footwear
originally registered the new-established company as Ruda, Apparel
but later changed the name to Puma.[8] Puma's earliest logo Accessories
consisted of a square and beast jumping through a D, which Sports equipment
was registered, along with the company's name, in 1948. Split from Dassler
Predecessor
Puma's shoe and clothing designs feature the Puma logo and Brothers Shoe Factory
the distinctive "Formstrip" which was introduced in 1958.[9]
Founded 1948
Founder Rudolf Dassler
Headquarters Herzogenaurach,
Contents Germany
Sponsorships Area served Worldwide

Locations Key people Bjørn Gulden (CEO)

Michael Lämmermann
History (CFO)
Background Lars Sorensen (COO)
1948 Footwear, apparel,
Products
1952 accessories, sportswear,
 1960 sports equipment
1986 Revenue €4.64 billion (2018)[1]
1989 Operating €337 million (2018)[1]
2003 income
2007 Net income €187 million (2018)[1]
2011 Total assets €3.20 billion (2018)[1]
Since 2012 €1.72 billion (2018)[1]
Total equity
Labor practices Owner Artémis (29%)
Environmental practices Kering (16%)[2]
Timeline Number of 13,000 (Feb 2019)[3]
employees
References
Subsidiaries Cobra Golf
Bibliography
Website www.puma.com (http://w
External links
ww.puma.com/)

Sponsorships
Puma offers products for Basketball, Football, Running, Training and Fitness, Golf, Motorsports and
Sportstyle. It has sponsored a number of legendary athletes, including Pelé, Eusébio, Johan Cruyff, Diego
Maradona, Lothar Matthaus, Clyde Frazier, Jim Hines, Boris Becker, Martina Navratilova, Tommie
Smith, Joe Namath, Linford Christie, Colin Jackson, Heike Drechsler and Michael Schumacher among
others.

Currently, international footballers Sergio Agüero, Antoine Griezmann, Marco Reus, Romelu Lukaku,
Luis Suárez, David Silva, Vincent Kompany, Sunil Chhetri, and many more are sporting Puma football
boots.[10]

In terms of football clubs, Puma sponsors Borussia Dortmund, Manchester City F.C., Olympique de
Marseille, Sociedade Esportiva Palmeiras, Borussia Mönchengladbach, Valencia CF, and many others.
National football teams include Italy, Switzerland, Austria, Morocco, Egypt and Uruguay.[11]

In Athletics (Track and Field), Puma sponsors several athletic associations such as the Jamaica, Cuba,
Bahamas, Grenada, Trinidad & Tobago, Dominican, Barbados, Portugal, Switzerland and Norway. It also
has the world's fastest man and Jamaican track athlete Usain Bolt under contract along with other track
and field athletes like Andre Degrasse, Karsten Warholm and Gianmarco Tamberi. Over the past decades,
several world records were achieved by athletes wearing PUMA shoes, such as Heinz Futterer (1954),
Armin Hary (1960), Jim Hines (1976), Tommie Smith (1968), Asafa Powell (2005), and Usain Bolt
(2009).[12][13]

In 2018 Puma announced its entrance back into basketball after a break of almost 20 years. The brand
appointed Jay-Z as Creative Director of Puma basketball.[14] Marvin Bagley, Deandre Ayton, Zhaire
Smith, and Michael Porter Jr. are the first players to join PUMA's basketball roster and play in
performance PUMA basketball shoes.[15][16]

Also, Puma made its partnership with Netball after 28 years by sponsoring the Melbourne Vixens, the
only netball team to be partnered with the global firm[17]
From 2018 Puma became the official apparel sponsor of New Zealand's national netball team, the Silver
Ferns.

The firm sponsors Indian cricketer Virat Kohli the captain of the India cricket team. Golfers such as
Rickie Fowler, Bryson DeChambeau and Lexi Thompson are equipped by Puma's golf brand Cobra
Puma Golf.[18][19][20]

In Formula 1, Puma equips the teams of Mercedes AMG Petronas, Scuderia Ferrari and Red Bull
Racing.[21] In addition, Puma also sponsors BMW and Porsche in all its Motorsports activities.[22]

In order to support its women's business, PUMA endorses supermodel Cara Delevingne and Adriana
Lima as well as actress/singer Selena Gomez.[23][24]

Locations
The company has a few dozen small corporate offices around the world, and four "international hubs":
Boston, Massachusetts (moving to Assembly Row, Somerville, Massachusetts[25]); Hong Kong; Ho Chi
Minh City, Vietnam; and global headquarters in Herzogenaurach, Germany.[26]

History

Background
Christoph von Wilhelm Dassler was a worker in a shoe factory, while his wife Pauline ran a small
laundry in the Franconian town of Herzogenaurach, 20 km (12.4 mi) from the city of Nuremberg. After
leaving school their son, Rudolf Dassler, joined his father at the shoe factory. When he returned from
fighting in World War I, Rudolf was trained as a salesman at a porcelain factory, and later in a leather
trading business in Nuremberg.

In 1924, Rudolf and his younger brother, Adolf, nicknamed "Adi", founded a shoe factory. They named
the new business "Gebrüder Dassler Schuhfabrik" (Dassler Brothers Shoe Factory) which was the only
business at the time that manufactured sports shoes. The pair started their venture in their mother's
laundry. At the time, electricity supplies in the town were unreliable, and the brothers sometimes had to
use pedal power from a stationary bicycle to run their equipment.[27] In 1927, they moved into a separate
building.

The brothers drove from Bavaria to the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin with a suitcase full of spikes
and persuaded United States sprinter Jesse Owens to use them, the first sponsorship for an African
American. Owens won four gold medals. Business boomed; the Dasslers were selling 200,000 pairs of
shoes annually before World War II.[28]

Both brothers joined the Nazi Party, but Rudolf was slightly closer to the party. A growing rift between
the brothers reached a breaking point during a 1943 Allied bomb attack. Adi and his wife climbed into a
bomb shelter that Rudolf and his family were already in. "Here are the bloody bastards again," Adi
remarked, apparently referring to the Allied war planes, but Rudolf, due to his apparent insecurity, was
convinced his brother meant him and his family.[29] When Rudolf was later picked up by American
soldiers and accused of being a member of the Waffen SS, he was convinced that his brother had turned
him in.[27]
1948
After increasingly different views of how to run the business, the brothers split the business in 1948.
Rudolf moved to the other side of the Aurach River to start his own company. Adolf started his own
company using a name he formed using his nickname—Adi—and the first three letters of his last name—
Das—to establish Adidas. Rudolf created a new firm that he called "Ruda", from "Ru" in Rudolf and
"Da" in Dassler. A few months later, Rudolf's company changed its name to PUMA Schuhfabrik Rudolf
Dassler in 1948.[30]

PUMA and Adidas entered a fierce and bitter rivalry after the
split. The town of Herzogenaurach was divided on the issue,
leading to the nickname "the town of bent necks"—people looked
down to see which shoes strangers wore.[31]

In 1948, the first football match after World War II, several
members of the West German national football team wore PUMA
boots, including the scorer of West Germany's first post-war goal,
Herbert Burdenski.
A pair of PUMA sport-lifestyle shoes
with the company's distinctive
1952 "Formstrip" design

Rudolf developed a football boot with screw-in studs, called the

"SUPER ATOM" in collaboration with people, such as West Germany's national coach Sepp Herberger.

At the 1952 Summer Olympics, 1500 metres runner Josy Barthel of Luxembourg won PUMA's first
Olympic gold in Helsinki, Finland.

1960
At the 1960 Summer Olympics PUMA paid German sprinter Armin Hary to wear PUMAs in the 100
metre sprint final. Hary had worn Adidas before and asked Adolf for payment, but Adidas rejected this
request. The German won gold in PUMAs but then laced up Adidas for the medals ceremony, to the
shock of the two Dassler brothers. Hary hoped to cash in from both, but Adi was so enraged he banned
the Olympic champion.[28]

During the 1968 Olympics Black Power Salute, Puma sponsored African-American athletes Tommie
Smith and John Carlos, after having won gold and bronze in the 200 meters respectively, took to the
podium with their Puma Suedes in hand and bowed their heads and raised their black-gloved fists in
silent protest during the playing of the national anthem, an act meant to stand up for human rights and to
stand up for black Americans.[32]

1986
PUMA became a public company in 1986,[33] and thereafter was listed on the Börse München and
Frankfurt Stock Exchange.[34] It also introduced the RS Computer shoe, with "RS" standing for "running
system," an integrated device that measured runner's speed, pace, and caloric use. It sold poorly.[35]

1989
In May 1989, Rudolf's sons Armin and Gerd Dassler agreed to
sell their 72 percent stake in PUMA to Swiss business Cosa
Liebermann SA.[36]

2003
For the fiscal year 2003, the company had revenue of
€1.274 billion. PUMA was the commercial sponsor for the 2002
anime series Hungry Heart: Wild Striker, with the jerseys and
clothing sporting the PUMA brand. PUMA ranks as one of the
top shoe brands with Adidas and Nike.[31]

2007
In February 2007 PUMA reported that its profits had fallen by
26% to €32.8 million ($43 million; £22 million) during the final
PUMA sponsored Gold medalist
three months of 2006. Most of the decline in profits was due to Tommie Smith (center) and bronze
higher costs linked to its expansion; sales rose by more than a medalist John Carlos (right) showing
third to €480.6 million.[37] the raised fist on the podium after the
200 m race at the 1968 Summer
In early April 2007 PUMA's shares rose €29.25 per share, or Olympics; both wear Olympic Project
about 10.2%, to €315.24 per share.[38] for Human Rights badges.

On 10 April 2007 French retailer and owner of Gucci brand

Pinault-Printemps-Redoute (PPR) announced that it had bought a 27% stake in PUMA, clearing the way
for a full takeover. The deal valued PUMA at €5.3 billion. PPR said that it would launch a "friendly"
takeover for PUMA, worth €330 a share, once the acquisition of the smaller stake was completed. The
board of PUMA welcomed the move, saying it was fair and in the firm's best interests.[39]

As of July 2007, PPR owned over 60% of PUMA stock.

2011
In July 2011 the company completed a conversion from an Aktiengesellschaft (German public limited
company) to a Societas Europaea, the European Union-wide equivalent, changing its name from PUMA
AG Rudolf Dassler Sport to PUMA SE.[40] At the same time, Franz Koch replaced the long-serving
Jochen Zeitz as the firm's CEO, with Zeitz becoming chairman.[41]

Since 2012
Puma holds a 5% stake at German sports club Borussia Dortmund, whose supplier has been the company
since 2012.

The company has been led by former football professional Bjørn Gulden (CEO) since 1 July 2013.

PUMA is the main producer of enthusiast driving shoes and race suits. They are the primary producer for
Formula One and NASCAR clothing. They won the rights to sponsor the 2006 FIFA World Cup
champions, the Italian national football team, making and sponsoring the clothing worn by the team.
They entered a partnership with BMW, Ducati and Ferrari to make PUMA-Ferrari, PUMA-Ducati and
PUMA-BMW shoes.

Rihanna was named Creative Director of PUMA overseeing direction of the womenswear line in
December 2014.[42]

In 2014, PUMA and Arsenal Football Club entered a 5-year merchandising partnership. The commercial
partnership represents the biggest deal in PUMA and Arsenal's history.[43] The partnership ended in
2019.

In March 2018, Puma launched its venture with its ambassador Selena Gomez called "Phenom Lux''.[44]
In 2018, Puma re-entered the basketball sneaker market for the first time in 20 years and announced Jay-
Z will be the creative director for Puma Basketball. Puma last sponsored Vince Carter in 1998. They
signed young basketball players Marvin Bagley III and Deandre Ayton, both of whom became the Top 2
picks of the 2018 NBA Draft.[45]

In December 2018, Puma reintroduced the RS Computer, with "RS" standing for "running system." The
shoe contains technologies such as an accelerometer and Bluetooth.[46]

Labor practices
Organizations that were promoting fair trade and worker's rights criticized PUMA's employment
practices in their developing world factories, predominantly relating to workers in China, Turkey, El
Salvador, and Indonesia.[47]

The company has made some steps towards greater transparency. In 2000, PUMA began auditing all of
its suppliers on a yearly basis, and makes the results available in its sustainability reports.[48] Since 2005,
it has publicly provided a list of its suppliers.

PUMA has made a strong commitment to respecting workers rights in some areas. For example, PUMA
has obtained the Ethical Clothing Australia accreditation for its Australian-made products.[49] This
labour-friendly accreditation applies to only a tiny percentage of PUMA's total production.

Environmental practices
In May 2011, English newspaper The Guardian released an article saying that Puma was the "world's
first major company to put a value on its environmental impact". According to the article the company
"has made a commitment that within four years, half its international collections will be manufactured
according to its internal sustainability standard, by using more sustainable materials such as recycled
polyester, as well as ensuring its suppliers develop more sustainable materials and products."[50]

Puma is also known for boosting positive environmental practices in its supply chain through financial
incentives. The innovative Supply Chain Finance scheme implemented links the sustainability
performance of key suppliers to the costs at which they can access finance. Such scheme won the
company an "Innovation Award" in Supply Chain Finance in 2016.[51]

Timeline
1920: Rudolf Dassler and his brother Adolf start making sports shoes.[52]
1924: Foundation of Gebrüder Dassler Schuhfabrik,
Herzogenaurach, Germany.[34]
1930s: With the rise of Adolf Hitler in the 1930s, both
Dassler brothers joined the Nazi Party, with Rudolf
reputed as being the more ardent National Socialist.[53]
They produced boots for the Wehrmacht.
1948: The brothers split, forming PUMA (at first, Ruda)
and Adidas. In the same year, PUMA's first football
boot, the "ATOM", was launched.
1952: Rudolf Dassler developed the "SUPER ATOM", a PUMA goalkeeper gloves and PUMA
football boot with screw-in studs.[34] motorsport gloves.
1953: Development of ATOM's successor: the
BRASIL.[54]
1958: PUMA introduced its trademark formstrip logo.[55]
1959: The company is transformed into a limited
partnership named PUMA-Sportschuhfabriken Rudolf
Dassler KG.[56]
1960: PUMA is the first sports shoe manufacturer to
use vulcanization.[34]
1970: A few months prior to the 1970 FIFA World Cup,
Armin Dassler (Rudolf's son) and his cousin, Horst A pair of PUMA Suede shoes,
Dassler (Adi's son), sealed an agreement which was a style introduced in 1968.
dubbed "The Pelé pact". This agreement dictated that
soccer player Pelé would be out of bounds for both
Adidas and PUMA. However, Pelé complied with a
request by PUMA's representative Hans Henningsen to
increase the awareness and profile of PUMA after he
received $120,000 to wear the Formstrips.[28] At the
opening whistle of a 1970 World Cup finals match, Pelé
stopped the referee with a last-second request to tie his
shoelaces before kneeling down to give millions of
television viewers a close-up of his PUMA shoes.[57]
This outraged Horst and future peace agreements were
called off. PUMA store in Osaka.
1972: Two years later, during the 1972 Summer
Olympics, PUMA provided shoes for the Ugandan 400
metres hurdles champion, John Akii-Bua. After Akii-Bua
was forced out of Uganda by its military government,
PUMA employed him in Germany. Eventually Akii-Bua
returned to Uganda.[58]
1973: Launch of the Clyde. Designed for basketball
player Walt "Clyde" Frazier, this model gained wide
popularity.[59]
1974: Rudolf Dassler died on 27 October. Both his sons
Armin and Gerd inherited the company and after a legal
dispute between the two, Armin Dassler took over the PUMA outlet in Hong Kong.
company. [56]

1976: Introduction of the S.P.A.-Technology.[56]

1985: Boris Becker helps develop the shoe that bears his name. Martina Navratilova is
under contract with PUMA from 1984 to 1987.
1986: Transformation into a stock corporation. The company went public as "PUMA AG"
was listed on the Munich and Frankfurt stock exchanges.[60]
1989: Launch of the TRINOMIC sport shoe system.[61]
1989: Rudolf's sons Armin and Gerd Dassler agreed to sell their 72 percent stake in PUMA
to Swiss business Cosa Liebermann SA.[36]
1990: Introduction of INSPECTOR, a growth control system for children's shoes.
1991: Launch of the DISC SYSTEM sports shoe.[34]
1992: Capital increase by DM 20 million, share capital reaches DM 70 million.
1993: Jochen Zeitz was appointed CEO.[62]
1994: The first profit since the company's IPO in 1986 is registered.[63]
1996: PUMA is listed in the German M-DAX index;[64] introduction of the CELL technology,
the first foam-free midsole.[65]
1997: Launch of the CELLERATOR.
1998: PUMA signs Serena Williams.
1999: PUMA becomes an official on-field supplier of the NFL, a legacy reflected in the
numeral font of the Tennessee Titans jersey which still uses the original PUMA design.
PUMA is the uniform manufacturer for both Super Bowl teams that year.
2000: Production of fireproof footwear in partnership with Porsche and Sparco.
2001: Acquisition of the Scandinavian Tretorn Group.[66] The PUMA Speedcat is launched.
2002: PUMA ends tenure as an on-field supplier for the NFL, when Reebok is announced
as the league's sole official uniform and apparel sponsor for 10 years (2002-2011).[67]
PUMA and Serena Williams unveiled the "Serena Williams Tennis Collection".
2003: Majority shareholder Monarchy/Regency sells its shareholdings to a broad base of
institutional investors.[68]
2004: Collaborative partnership with designer Philippe Starck.[69]
2005: Mayfair Vermögensverwaltungsgesellschaft mbh acquires a total of 16.91%
shareholding.[70]
2006: The company is listed in the Dow Jones Sustainability Index;[71] Introduction of the
S.A.F.E. concept, a specific tool developed to continuously improve social and
environmental standards. Shoe collection in cooperation with Alexander McQueen.[72]
2007: On 10 April, French retailer and owner of Gucci brand Pinault-Printemps-Redoute
(PPR) announced that it had bought a 27% stake in PUMA, clearing the way for a full
takeover. The deal valued PUMA at €5.3 billion. PPR said that it would launch a "friendly"
takeover for PUMA, worth €330 a share, once the acquisition of the smaller stake was
completed. The board of PUMA welcomed the move, saying it was fair and in the firm's best
interests.[73] Prolongation of the contract with Jochen Zeitz by five years.[74]
2008: Melody Harris-Jensbach is appointed Deputy CEO; Designer and artist Hussein
Chalayan becomes Creative Director,[75] PUMA also acquires a majority stake in
Chalayan's business and Hussein Chalayan.[76]
2010: PUMA acquired the Cobra Golf, which was renamed as COBRA PUMA GOLF.[77]
PUMA became a carbon neutral company.
2011: PUMA becomes a European corporation under the name of PUMA SE. Franz Koch is
named Chief Executive Officer. PUMA took over Bodywear and Socks company Dobotex.
The company released the first Environmental Profit and Loss Account which valued
PUMA's environmental impact at 145 million Euros.
2012: Signs an eight-year deal to make kits for Borussia Dortmund, starting from the 2012-
13 season.[78]
2013: Bjørn Gulden is named as new Chief Executive Officer (CEO).
 2014: PUMA and Arsenal Football Club entered a long-term merchandising partnership.
The commercial partnership represents the biggest deal in PUMA and Arsenal's history.[79]
2015: Rihanna became PUMA's global ambassador for Women's Training as well as
serving as the PUMA Women's Creative Director. As Women's Creative Director, she also
directly influences product collections, designs and customizes classic PUMA styles as well
as creates new product lines.[80]
2016: PUMA became the Official Licensed Partner and Official Supplier of Team and
Racewear to Red Bull Racing. PUMA partnered with The Weeknd as a new Global Brand
ambassador and creative collaborator.[81]
2016: PUMA endorses its casual wear deal with Virat Kohli as a new Cricket Brand
ambassador and creative collaborator in India of worth ₨.110 crores.
2017: Puma released sneakers known as "Money in the Bank", in relation to WWE's annual
pay-per-view, of the same name.
2017: PUMA signs a five-year deal to make kits for Olympique de Marseille, starting from
the 2018-19 season.[82]
2018: Kering announces it will spin off a 70% stake in Puma to its shareholders while
retaining directly 16%.[83]
2018: Puma collaborates with Hello Kitty to launch the Puma X Hello Kitty For All Time
collection.[84]
2018: PUMA & A.C. Milan announced an official long-term partnership, effective on 1 July
2018.[85]
2018: BTS became PUMA's Global ambassadors.[86]
2018: PUMA signs a three-year deal to make kits for Palmeiras, starting from the 2019
season.[87]
2018: PUMA re-entry into the basketball sneaker category for the first time in 20 years and
announced Jay-Z will be the creative director of Puma Basketball.[88]
2019: PUMA and City Football Group signed a global long-term partnership, the deal is the
largest deal both organisations have signed, the deal will see PUMA supply Manchester
City F.C., Melbourne City FC, Girona FC, Club Atlético Torque and Sichuan Jiuniu F.C.[89]
2019: Puma released a line called Puma X SG in collaboration with actress and singer
Selena Gomez.[90]
2019: PUMA signs a three-year deal to make kits for Valencia CF, starting from the 2019-20
season.[91]
2020: PUMA announced a long-term deal with Dutch football club PSV Eindhoven.[92]

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Bibliography
Smit, Barbara (2009). Sneaker Wars. New York: Harper Perennial. ISBN 978-0-06-124658-
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External links
Media related to Puma AG at Wikimedia Commons

Official website (http://puma.com)

"Puma AG Rudolf Dassler Sport" (http://www.fundinguniverse.com/company-histories/Puma
-AG-Rudolf-Dassler-Sport-Company-History.html). Fundinguniverse.com. Retrieved
6 November 2010.

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