A

Seminar report on

“IOT BASED POWER THEFT IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM”

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements
For the award of the degree
BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
IN
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
Submitted by
PANKAJ PRAJAPATI
ROLL NO- 1743120030
SUMITTED TO
MR. PRIYANK SRIVASTAVA
ASST.PROF

B.N.COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

DR. A.P.J. ABDUL KALAM TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY LUCKNOW

(2019-2020)
 Acknowledgement

I have taken efforts in this seminar report. However, it would not have been possible without
the kind support and help of many individuals and organizations. I would like to extend my
sincere thanks to all of them.

I am highly indebted to (BNCET) for their guidance and constant supervision as well as for
providing necessary information regarding the seminar report & also for their support in
completing the report.

I would like to express my thanks to Dr. Abhishek Mishra for giving me such attention and
time.

And ,I would like to express my special gratitude and thanks to Mr. Priyank Srivastava for
giving me such attention and time.

I would like to express my gratitude towards my friends for their kind co-operation and
encouragement which help me in completion of this report.
 Certificate

The undersigned certify that they have read and recommended to the Department of Electrical

Engineering for acceptance, a seminar report entitled Power Identification System submitted

by PANKAJ PRAJAPATI,1743120030 (B.Tech 3rd year , E.E.) in partial fulfillment for the

degree of Bachelor of Technology in Electrical Engineering.

Signature of Seminar Incharge Signature of Head of Department

Mr. Priyank Srivastava Mr. Abhishek Mishra

Date of Submission:-
 Abstract
Power theft detection and control system using Internet of things present an efficient and less
costly way to transfer the power consumed by the consumer wirelessly as Electricity consumer
dishonesty is a serious problem faced by all utilities. This wireless technology is used to
overcome the theft of electricity which can be done by using excess amount of power beyond
the limit of meter. In this paper, main purpose is to monitor the power consumed by a model
organization such as household consumers, various industries etc. Detection and control of
power has been done by calculating the power consumed by the user at a given time with the
help of meter. Electricity meter consists theft detection unit which will notify company side in
the event of meter tempering or theft practice occur in electricity meter and also it will send
information regarding theft detection by using modem and the theft detected will be displayed
on the terminal screen or window of the company side, so that they send message to the
registered contact number of the customer as a warning. Due to this, customer receive the
warning message even though they are continue using the excess power then Electricity board
section will cut the power supply of the customer. IOT operation can be performed by Wi-Fi
device which sending meter data to the web page through the IP address. The IOT based
concept are used so that Electricity board section continuously monitor the consumption of
power and billing information that is calculated using microcontroller
 INTRODUCTION
Power utilities lose large amounts of money each year due to fraud by electricity consumers.
Electricity fraud can be define as a dishonest or illegal use of electricity equipment or service
with the intention to avoid billing charge. It is difficult to distinguish between honest and
fraudulent customers. Realistically, electric utilities will never be able to eliminate fraud. It is
possible, however to take measures to detect, prevent and reduce fraud. Investigations are
undertaken by electric utility companies to assess the impact of technical losses in generation,
transmission and distribution networks, and the overall performance of power networks.
Energy monitoring cannot be done efficiently mainly because consumers are not aware of their
energy consumption. They will get an idea about their consumption only when the electricity
bills are issued.

The installed capacity of the electricity sector in India is 329.23 Giga Watts as of August 2017,
which includes renewable and non renewable sources. The per capita electricity consumption
in India in 2016-2017 was 1,122 kWh. The IOT has recently become universal to highlight the
vision of a global structure of interconnected physical objects. As more number of electricity-
consuming products coming into daily lives, such as electrical vehicles (EVs) and advanced
heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems, load demand increases dramatically and
power required at high amount. So in this paper proposed an power theft detection system to
detect the theft which is made by the most common way of doing the theft and that is , by using
excess power beyond the limit of meter. At this point of technological development the problem
of illegal usage of electricity can be solved electronically without any human control along
with that meters are connected to the internet using IOT concept.

So there is a provision for the consumers to track their energy consumption from time-to-time
so that they can control their consumption as they desire. This method is useful for both the
consumer and the supplier. This system allows the supplier to disconnect the connection from
a distant server in case the consumer fails to pay his/her electricity bill. This method eliminates
the need of human power during disconnection and reconnection of the load. Another major
advantage of this method is that it will inform the supplier side about any theft that is happening
in the system.
 Literature Survey
1. Minimizing Electricity Theft by Internet of Things:-
As there is restricted non-inexhaustible assets are available in our day by day life,
Electricity is one of them which used in each nation that outcomes bottomless
misfortunes because of power burglary. Power theft will be the key difficulties. A smart
meter is utilized to limit the power theft. Fundamentally energy meter is a device that
International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics Volume 117 No. 9 2017, 47-51
ISSN: 1311-8080 (printed version); ISSN: 1314-3395 (on-line version) url:
http://www.ijpam.eu doi: 10.12732/ijpam.v117i9.9 Special Issue ijpam.eu 47 computes
the cost of power devoured by homes, business, or an electrical device. It diminishes
the theft of power. In this paper an administration individual can locate the dishonest
client by demonstrating the status of energy meter at the back end of power office. To
accomplish this, energy meter communicate with raspberry pi through GPIO pins.
GPIO pins get the effective information from energy meter and it send compelling
information to the raspberry pi and interface raspberry pi with the web. At the backend,
government individual can see the status of energy meter as graph.

2. IoT Based Electricity Energy Meter Reading :-

Theft Detection and Disconnection using PLC modem and Power optimization
PIC18F46k22 Microcontroller based design and execution of energy meter utilizing
IoT is portrayed here. The proposed framework configuration disposes of the human
contribution in Electricity support. The Buyer needs to pay for the utilization of power
on plan, on the off chance that that he couldn't pay, the power transmission can be
turned off from the distant server. The buyer can screen the energy utilization in units
from a web page by giving device IP address. Theft detection unit associated with
energy meter will tell organization side when meter tampering happens in energy meter
and it will send theft detection data through PLC modem and theft identified will be
shown on the terminal window of the organization side. Wi-Fi unit plays out the IoT
operation by sending energy meter information to web page which can be accessed
through IP address.
3. ARM-Based Energy Management System :-
Using Smart Meter and Web Server. ARM - based energy administration framework is
proposed here. It is considered as a feature of a circulated framework that measures the
principle control framework amounts and give the likelihood to deal with the entire
power plant. An integrated Web Server permit to gather the insights of energy
utilizations, control quality and can interface device for stack removal. The device is
described by simple access to the data and the blend of a energy meter and information
correspondence ability permit nearby and remote access. Along these lines it is
conceivable to deal with the power utilization of the power framework prompting a
general diminishment in utilization and expenses.

4. Internet of Things for Smart Cities :-

The Internet of Things (IoT) might have the capacity to consolidate transparently and
flawlessly an expansive number of various and heterogeneous end frameworks, while
giving open access to choose subsets of information for the improvement of a plenty of
computerized administrations. Building a general design for the IoT is consequently an
exceptionally complex undertaking, for the most part due to the to a great degree
extensive assortment of devices, interface layer advances, and administrations that
might be engaged with such a most advanced communication technologies to help
involve esteem administrations for the organization of the city and for the natives.
Subsequently gave exhaustive study of the empowering advancements, conventions,
and engineering for an urban IoT.

In system eliminates the human involvement in electricity maintenance. The system is

inefficient in terms of monitoring our energy consumption. Also, the provision for
generating bills automatically is limited and inefficient.
 CONCEPT AND DESIGN
The concept of Internet of Things (IOT) from its initial stage changing the current
Internet into well featured upcoming internet. At present there are billions of gadgets
(approximately nine billions) interconnected gadgets and one prediction is that it will
reach up-to fifty billions gadgets in 2020. The IOT based smart energy meter comprises
mainly 4 modules (units).
1. Micro controller unit
2. Theft detection unit
3. Meters unit
4. Wi-Fi unit
In the design of this smart electricity meter the microcontroller is used, which are placed
at the consumer end for the purpose of theft detection and storing the data. This data is
transferred using IOT ESP3866 Wi-Fi. In the current scenario the need is to access the
characteristic of device remotely but in a reliable manner. To achieve the characteristic
of device remotely we need to connect a device (here electricity meter) to internet by
providing IP address to it. In this paper we have concentrated on the theft detection,
optimum utilization of power and convey the energy consumption information to the
user end. The IOT based Power theft detection and control systems contain meter at
consumer end consist the power supply, meter unit, theft detection unit and Wi-Fi unit.
We can see in the block diagram as shown in figure-1, the supplier end consists the
power supply, meter unit, current sensor, microcontroller, Wi-Fi module, theft
detection unit and LCD.
 PROCESS AT CONSUMER END
At the consumer end, power supply unit supply the power to those entire component which
requires power. Microcontroller acquire the relevant information from the electricity meter and
also perform the control process and sends the required information such as number of units
consumed with the help of Wi-Fi unit. The purpose of LCD module is to get visual information
about the number of units, temperature and Wi-Fi configuration.

PROCESS AT SUPPLIER END

At the supplier end, if any theft is detected the theft detection unit acts as a modem and it sends
the necessary command. If consumer used the power beyond the limit of meter or fails to pay
the electricity bill amount within the time limit mentioned by the supplier the disconnection
and reconnection can also done by sending the appropriate command to the controller.
 Project Description
A smart way to manage power and energy meter eliminating human involvement is
proposed here. It reduces the burden over EB to manage the consumers. It helps
consumer to manage his power usage in house. The Arduino is programmed using
embedded C, such that if any theft is found then power will automatically goes off due
to relay connected between load and power supply. The data i.e., the number of units
used and total amount is loaded on to cloud using GSM module. The on- off buttons on
web page are operated on Arduino commands transferred through GSM module.

It is smart, if the number of units usage is 9 units per day at home, as per the US
government research. If the usage goes beyond 9 units then the consumer need to pay
extra money than the normal payment. In the house the circuit is designed such the
power goes automatically after the usage of 9 units, so that the theft can be detected. If
the consumer don't pay the bill in time the EB person can cut the power through On-
Off button on the Web page. When the person presses On- Off button then it mean that
he is giving the command to arduino, so that the arduino works on its program related
to the given command. The arduino is programmed based on the requirement of user.
 Project Implementation
In this project Arduino, SIM 800, Relay, IR Emitter and Detector, electromechanical
induction type energy meter are used. The project mainly focuses on Theft Detection
and power distribution to consumers. The following block diagram shows the
outline of project implementation:-
 In power supply unit, a step-down transformer (Secondary12volt, 1A)is used to covert
230V to 12V from main supply. Usage of bridge rectifier h e l p e d to convert Alternating
current to direct current. The capacitor is used to smoothen dc and to remove any sort of ripples.
Usage of heat sinktoICLM7812andLM7805forsafeguarding devices from overheating. Power
supply unit distributes power to all the components which requires Power. The arduino module
takes the data from the energy meter and performs the necessary control operations and sends
the required information like number of units through GSM / GPRS module. LCD module is
used to get visual information like no. of units and total amount.
The Power supply circuit is connected to the arduino. The Arduino is programmed in embedded
C .Arduino is programmed such that when we press buttons on webpage then the required
operation is carried out. Arduino takes the data from energy meter depending on rotations. If
the number of units consumed crosses certain limit then the power supply is switched off
automatically as the theft is found. Here we have used 200W bulb to detect the theft. If the
usage of electricity crosses certain limit then the consumer need to pay extra amount to the EB,
otherwise it comes under theft. As per US government, how smart the home it uses only 9 units
per day. Here using 200W bulb instead of 100W increases the number units consumed so
depending on arduino commands the relay connected to load goes off automatically. The
Webpage consists of four buttons A,B,C,D and two other buttons refresh and clear details. Here
button A is to clear the previous data or command, button C is to off the power supply to home
and button D is to distribute power to home. Refresh button is used to refresh the webpage and
clear details button is used to clear the details like number of units and total amount. Gsm
module SIM 800 pushes the data like number of units used and the total amount onto the cloud.
 Results
The resulting pictures express the outcomes of whole proposed project can get after well
ordered execution of the considerable number of areas of the whole unit.

STEP 1:

Required connections are made and power supply is given to kit in fig 4.

STEP 2:
Fig 5 is the web page the webpage where the energy meter reading is loaded and buttons
A,C,D are used to control the power supply to home by giving commands to arduino.

STEP 3:

If the customer doesn't pay the bill then power distribution can be off from the distant server
by pressing button 'C' on the webpage. The program written for button C in arduino will off
the relay connected to the load.
STEP 4:

If the customer has paid the bill then power id distributed to his house by pressing button 'C'
on the webpage. The program written for button D in arduino will on the relay connected to
the load.
STEP 5:

THEFT DETECTION When the bulb of 200W is used in the project then it shows as theft
detected and the circuit goes off automatically. The arduino is programmed such that relay
connected lo the load will be off when power theft is found.

fig 8 Theft Detection Extra Load

COMPARISON BETWEEN EXISTING ELECTRICITY ENERGY
METERING METHOD AND SMART ELECTRICITY ENERGY
METERING METHOD:-

a) Existing Electricity Energy Metering Method: - As we know in our country the

electricity energy billing duration is either end of one month or end of two months.
During the month electricity consumer cannot how much power consumed, they can
know at the end of one or two months when the bill issue. The major drawback of this
method is user cannot manage the power consumption. Another disadvantage of this
system is theft caused by excess amount of power can be done easily and such practices
are happening and increasing rapidly which is one of the major causes of power crises.
b) Smart Electricity Energy Metering Method: - In this method we try to eliminate the
drawback and limitations of existing electricity metering method. In this method there
is a provision for the supplier that they can monitor the power consumed by consumer
to find the exact location where theft occurred at the time when theft occurred and
provides the information at the event meter tempering and power theft. Such
information will be very useful to control the practices of power theft and reduce the
power crises. Also it is helpful if consumer fails to pay their electricity billed amount
within the time period mentioned by the supplier, the supplier can be disconnect the
power automatically from the distant end.

This method is not only providing the facility to supplier end but also it is more helpful
to consumer end also. As there is a provision for the consumer that they can see their
power consumption time to time so they have an opportunity to manage the power
consumption as they desire.
 Conclusion
In the proposed work, IoT and arduino based meter reading systems designed to monitor the
meter reading and service provider can disconnect the power source whenever the customer
does not pay the monthly bill and also it eliminates the human involvement in Energy meter
management. The Project has achieved following goals, Theft detection at buyer end in real
time, LCD displays energy consumption units and amount and Disconnection of service from
remote server.

Future enhancement:

• To design an IoT framework where a client can screen energy utilization continuously and to
send SMS, when the deadline to pay the power charge is over.
Reference:-
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