RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

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Author(s) Pooja Jha and Munish Makkad

Article Title Performance oriented factors for women entrepreneurs a scale

development perspective.
Journal Name Entrepreneurship In Emerging Economics
Date 4th June Volume 10 Issue 3 Pages 32
2018
This article examines about the factors that effects the women entrepreneurs to establish their
business. There are two major challenges faced by the women entrepreneurs, the first
challenge is the business identity as a registered business unit for their business and the
second challenge is lack of opportunities to promote their business. The purpose of the article
is to measure the factors which impact the performance of women entrepreneurs in
developing a country economy such as India and to identify the factors that influence the
performance of women entrepreneurs.

The women entrepreneurs increase their activity in economic over the years, and they have
become clearly visible in small scale industries (Stein et al., 2013). Also, gender differences
are clearly visible around entrepreneurship (Moores, 2009). This shows that women
entrepreneurs are increasing and stared to do their business but there are three major barriers
which effect the women entrepreneurs to start or to grow their business, the first barrier is the
economic which means from financial creditability. Many researchers (Moore and Buttner,
1997; Fielden et al., 2003; Carter, 2000) argue that women entrepreneurs lack experience in
financial. Besides that, shortage of financial experience leads to less capital which will lead to
issues such as not paying staff, weak credit record and late product delivery shows a negative
impact towards the woman entrepreneurs. (Hisrich and Brush, 1984).

The second barrier is social and cultural issues, culture is one of the major factors which
impact on women entrepreneur to business startup. Culture includes, religion, value, ethnic
diversity and marital status. (Wube, 2010). The factor which leads the women entrepreneur
to quit their business because of their family responsibility and child care. The society keep
the women for household deeds as per patriarchal values they could not own a large business
as men.

The third barrier is soft issues such as education and human capital, women entrepreneur are
more to informal networking system because their networking is mainly influenced by their
family connections. (Manolova et al., 2007, 2008; Hossain et al., 2009). Networking is an
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important factor which will help the women entrepreneur to grow their business. Training and
development for women entrepreneur to increase knowledge in financial, human resource,
technical and management skills need to be improved for women entrepreneur to run their
business. Before start a business women entrepreneur should know their business idea, the
strategic and goals of their business, selling skills and negotiation skills are needed to all the
women entrepreneur. (Roomi and Harrison, 2008). This is why women entrepreneurs need to
attend training program before starting their business. Methods that have been used to solve
the issues is by using both deductive and inductive approach. Inductive approach seventy
women entrepreneurs were interviewed. Questionnaire of forty four statements.

The result shows that financial 26.66 percent is the main factor which effect the women
entrepreneur to run their business. The second main factor is networking 15.28 percent it
shows the formal/informal networks, because networking will help a business to get
opportunity and grow. The third main factor is business environment 11.08 percent it is about
the policies and regulation, incubation center and gender specific schemes available by the
government. The fourth main factor is training 8.25 percent it shows about the awareness on
policies and regulations. Training will help to get all the skills to run a business and helps
overcome business failures. The fifth main factor is motivation 6.11 percent it shows women
needs to have a work life balance to maintain both business and family. The last main factor
is socio cultural 5.13 percent it shows technology plays a significant role to overcome these
social barrier and culture is measured by the dominance surrounded culture towards the
women entrepreneurs.

Training programs are needed for women entrepreneur development. Technology can help
the women entrepreneur to save money, increase productivity and increase their output.
Training need to be given to the women entrepreneurs so they can use technology effectively.
This can help the women entrepreneur to manage financially. The social attitude towards the
women entrepreneur need to be changed. Should create awareness to change the societal by
the Government and Non-Government undertaking various programs. Entrepreneurship
courses need to be shown in both formal and informal to the educational institution so that
unprivileged women are exposed to create job opportunities instead of job seekers. This will
improve the women with their entrepreneurship skills with more practical training program
should be designed for the women entrepreneur.
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