To Determine the Enthalpy of H2O2 Decomposition in Aqueous Solution

1. To Determine the Enthalpy of H2O2 Decomposition in Aqueous Solution Presented by :-

Rajan Baa Soumyadipa Das Abison Scaria

2. What is calorimetry? The process of measuring the heat of chemical reactions or physical
reactions as well as heat capacity. Differential scanning calorimeter Bomb calorimeter
Isothermal titration calorimeter And that’s where we need a calorimeter. Some of them are

3. We would need some pre requisite knowledge of a few terms. Enthalpy Adiabatic process
Heat capacity

4. q= Cp T H= Cp T

5. H2O2 (aq) H2O (l) + ½ O2 (g)

6. Isobaric calorimeter with stirrer and precision thermometer 100 mL volumetric flask 250 mL
measuring cylinder 10 mL pipette Chronometer Pipette filler Wash bottle Spatula Equipments:
Chemicals: Sodium nitrite NaNO2 Sulphamic acid NH2SO3H 11.2 volume strength of H2O2
Manganese dioxide MnO2

7. Experiment Calibration: Measurement of the Heat Capacity of the Calorimeter Measurement

of the Enthalpy of Decomposition of Hydrogen Peroxide

8. Calibration: Measurement of the Heat Capacity of the Calorimeter NH2SO3H (aq) + NaNO2
(aq) N2 (g) + H2O (l) + NaHSO4 (aq) For this reaction at 25 °C, rHm = –420.5 kJ mol–1 1.
Accurately weigh out 11.30 g of NaNO2, dissolve in distilled water and make up to 100 mL in a
100 mL volumetric flask.

9. 2. Transfer 600 mL of distilled water to the calorimeter Add 5 g of sulphamic acid and turn on
the stirrer!

10. Switch on the stirrer and allow ten minutes for the sulphamic acid to dissolve completely
and for an equilibrium rate of temperature rise to be established. Start the chronometer and
take temperature readings at one minute intervals for five minutes to define the slope of the
pre-reaction period.

11. On five minutes, pipette 10 mL of the NaNO2 solution into the calorimeter through the
open glass tube in the lid.

12. The temperature rises rapidly. By six minutes the actual reaction should be complete.
Continue taking readings at one minute intervals from six minutes to ten minutes to establish
the slope of the post-reaction period. H = Cp T Known from literature From the graph of temp
vs time.

13. Determination of Enthalpy of decomposition of H2O2 H2O2 (aq) H2O (l) + ½ O2 (g) H2O2
Transfer 600 mL of distilled water to the calorimeter and put the lid on. Attach the stirrer cable.
Pipette 10 mL of the hydrogen peroxide solution into the calorimeter.

14. Switch on the stirrer and allow ten minutes for an equilibrium rate of temperature rise to be
established. Time temperature

15. Weigh out roughly 6 g of manganese dioxide On five minutes, add the manganese dioxide
through the open glass tube in the lid to catalyse the decomposition. The temperature rises
rapidly. By six minutes the actual reaction should be complete. Time temperature MnO2

16. Continue taking readings at one minute intervals from six minutes to ten minutes to
establish the slope of the post- reaction period. temperature time

17. time Tf Ti temperature T

18.  the concentration of H2O2 was determined by titration against standard potassium
permanganate solution  Given this concentration, we can calculate the quantity of H2O2
added to the calorimeter in moles. From the number of moles of H2O2 added to the
calorimeter, rHm was found out to be -96 kJ /mole.

19. References: article from manchester university press www.chem.tamu.edu

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Hydrogen Peroxide is continually decomposing forming Oxygen and Water. The reaction is
exothermic i.e. gives off heat. This heat is normally dissipated through the H2O2 liquid phase.
Most material incompatible with H2O2

Metal ions i.e. Rust, Zinc, Copper, Lead etc will cause decomposition leading to the formation of
Oxygen and heat

One of the most common reaction materials, is Caustic Soda. This material is completely
incompatible and causes rapid decomposition

Temperature is also a decomposition agent, for every 10 degree rise in temp the decomposition
rate doubles. Therefore a continual rise in temperature can lead to what is called self
accelerating decomposition
Organic material i.e. Wood, Cotton, and Leather are incompatible with H2O2 and these
materials catch fire, through the decomposition reaction