SUBMITTED TO:

SUBMITTED BY:

These are the question sent by Sir Limuel L. Colis

 Is there such thing a right, unchanging and universal values?

- People have this perspective to act in relation to what others feel or tell them,
as a result their values at respective times change. But the truth is, no matter
how convinced and intuitive you are about a value, it doesn't change what the
truth of a value express.

Value stays value as long as is positive and brings growth, because value stays
value even if no one accepts is value. Value doesn't need a number of people to
judge its validity. From there we shall not be talking of value but law.

Everything else becomes custom, tradition, ritual, etiquette, manners, fashion,

law, ethics etc. These are all subjective.

The basic values are Satya (truth), Ahimsa (nonviolence), Astey (non-stealing),
Brahmacharya (abstinence) and Aparigraha (non-hoarding of material things).

When we say enemy should be killed it becomes subjective and thus not a value.

When we say white lies are okay, it is not value.

When we say tax avoidance (not evasion) is okay, it is not value.

When we say accumulation of unlimited private property is okay, it is not value.

When we say unrestricted freedom to individual, it is not a value.

Times were, are and will always be changing. Not the values.

 What is the point of idealist with regards to values?

- The point of idealist with regards to values was there are unchanging and
universal values. The values of love, care and concern for our fellowmen are
values for all people regardless of time and space. They remain unchanged
amidst changing times. There are called transcendent values, transcendent
because they are beyond changing times, beyond space and people. They
remain to be a value even if no one values them. They are accepted as value
everywhere.

 What are transcendent values?

 Transcendent value is a value placed on person, place, entity or thing that is
above in value than any other person, place, entity or thing. It is the most
valuable.
 That which if of transcendent value can be known from the statement made by
Jesus when he was here on earth. This statement is found in the Bible at
Matthew 16:26 - "For what is a man profited if he gains the whole world, and
loses his own soul? Or what will a man give in exchange for his soul?"
 You may decide that something is of transcendent value to you or may be the
most valuable in the entire world. You may name it. When you name it you may
even possess it. In other words you now have what to you is the most important
thing in the world.
 But here is the problem: Most, if not all things on this Planet Earth, are transitory.
That which you value above all other things will one day be out your possession.
Money, fame, position, friendship, property, happiness, health, religion, power,
knowledge, you can put anything else there; even the last of them all - life, your
life, will leave you one day.
 This is where Jesus wanted to take all human beings in their consideration of
transcendent value. Even if one has the entire world, the time will come when
that person will leave this world, this Planet Earth.
 So it is important to view value in the light of the after life. What will happen when
that which we see as most valuable now, leaves us or we leave it, as surely we
all will?
 The Bible teaches and Jesus confirms, that after death or the end of life and
everything that comes with it, there can be one of two destinations: eternal
damnation or eternal life (John 5:28,29).
 Jesus focused on eternal life. He wanted all humankind to realize that after life
and the possession of all good things in life, one can continue on to eternal life
with Him. He declared himself as the only source of eternal life (John 5:24). On
the other hand, all who do not receive eternal life will experience eternal
damnation. The truth is that eternal life is more important/valuable than eternal
damnation. Therefore, the real answer to the question: What is Transcendent
Value? Is: the value that is above all values in this life, that will continue on into
life eternal through Jesus Christ.
 This is termed as not losing ones soul. To lose the soul is to enter into eternal
damnation after life on this planet is ended by death. The saving of the soul is the
entering into life eternal after life on this planet is ended by death. So in Jesus'
words, there is no value in accepting the highest value in the entire world and at
the end lose the soul.
 So, how can one be certain of having that which is of transcendent value? Only
by accepting Jesus as saviour, by faith. He will give eternal life now and in the
future. Check the book entitled - "Of Transcendent Value".

 What is the point of view relativist about values?

- The relativist point of view about values they claim that there are no universal
and unchanging values. They assert that values are dependent on time and
place. The values that our forefathers believed in are not necessarily the right
values for the present. What the British consider as values are not necessarily
considered values by Filipinos.

 Provide your own idea about the VALUE FORMATION IS A TRAINING OF

INTELLECT AND WILL.
 - Value formation is the training of one's mind by growing in knowledge and
wisdom. This is taught first when a person is a child by parents and other
influences. Value formation then becomes personal training through choice of
values desired to be achieved. The intellect is the wisdom to know the difference
between positive and negative values. Will is personal encouragement to act on
positive values instead of negative values guided by intellect.

 How ST THOMAS AQUINAS does described values formation?

-As described St. Thomas Aquinas, “The intellect proposes and the will
disposes.”

When you are already aware on something that is bad, then that is simply not
good. Therefore proceed to your fullest to avoid it. Moreover, to become a responsible
individual, we must practice doing the right thing, make it a habit, and never fall into
temptation. With that, we can live a virtuous life.

 Give the 3 function to develop your intellectual values and its meaning.
- The 3 function to develop your intellectual values are formation of ideas,
judgment and reasoning”.

o formation of ideas
- I think for the most part, all ideas originate rather simply, they start in the
mind based from sounds, and pictures, then develop into corresponding
mental images, which get words, and other symbols attached to them. I
believe that ideas are great because they keep the mind active, away from
boredom, allow us to communicate danger, and help us to achieve higher
sense of self goals.

o Judgment
- Ajudgment of the rightness or wrongness of something or someone, or of
the usefulness of something or someone, based on a comparison or other
relativity. As a generalization, a value judgment can refer to a judgment based
upon a particular set of values or on a particular value system. A related
meaning of value judgment is an expedient evaluation based upon limited
information at hand, an evaluation undertaken because a decision must be
made on short notice.

o Reasoning
-Reason is the capacity of consciously making sense of things, applying logic,
and adapting or justifying practices, institutions, and beliefs based on new or
existing information. It is closely associated with such characteristically
human activities as philosophy, science, language, mathematics, and art, and
is normally considered to be a distinguishing ability possessed by humans.
Reason or an aspect of it is sometimes referred to as rationality.

Reasoning is associated with thinking, cognition, and intellect. The field of

logic studies ways in which human’s reason formally through
 argument.]Reasoning may be subdivided into forms of logical reasoning
(forms associated with the strict sense): deductive reasoning, inductive
reasoning, adductive reasoning; and other modes of reasoning considered
more informal, such as intuitive reasoning and verbal reasoning. Along these
lines, a distinction is often drawn between logical, discursive reasoning
(reason proper), and intuitive reasoning. In which the reasoning process
through intuition—however valid—may tend toward the personal and the
subjectively opaque.

 Give idea about VIRTUOUS VS. VICIOUS LIFE and their effect on the will.

-In short, a virtuous life strengthens you to live by the right values and life a life of
abundance and joy while a vicious life leads you to perdition and misery. Warning!
Then never to give way to a vice! Instead develop worthwhile hobbies. Cultivate
good habits. If you recall, in the fourth chapter, we said a moral person is one who
leads a virtuous life. Panizo claims “virtue involves a habit, a constant effort to do
things well in spite of obstacles and difficulties. “A virtue is no other than a good
habit. You get used to doing good that you will be stronger to resist evil. So, start
and continue doing and being good.

 Give the 5 MAX SCHELER'S HIERARCHY OF VALUES and its definition.

- Max Scheler outlined a hierarchy (ladder) of values. Our hierarchy of values is

shown in our preferences and decisions. For instance, you may prefer to absent
from class because you want to attend the annual barrio fiesta where you are the
“star” because of your ability to sing and dance. Another one may prefer just the
opposite by missing the fiesta (anyway, she can have all the fiestas after studies)
and attends class. Aquino 1990 presents Scheler’s hierarchy of values arranged
from the lowest to the highest as shown below.

 What is a pleasure value?

o Pleasure values- the pleasure against the unpleasant
-the agreeable against the disagreeable

-Sensual feelings

-experiences of pleasure or pain

 What is a vital value?

o Vital values – values pertaining to the wellbeing either of the individual or of
the community

-health, vitality, values of vital feeling, capability, excellence

 What is a spiritual value?

 o Spiritual values- values independent of the whole sphere of the body and of
the environment
-Grasped in spiritual acts of preferring loving and hate

-aesthetic values: beauty against ugliness

-values of right and wrong

-values of pure knowledge

 What is Values of the holy?

o Values of the Holy-appear only in regard to objects intentionally given as
absolute objects

-belief, adoration, bliss

 What is values clarification?

- Values clarification is a psychotherapy technique that can often help an
individual increase awareness of any values that may have a bearing on lifestyle
decisions and actions. This technique can provide an opportunity for a person to
reflect on personal moral dilemmas and allow for values to be analysed and
clarified. This process may be helpful for self-improvement, increased well-being,
and interactions with others. Therapy often provides an opportunity for values
clarification.

Values, which may be described as behavioural standards and needs that work
to support a person's purpose and vision, are often a guide in decision making,
and a particular individual's values can be defined as what that person holds to
be right or good.

Each person has core values that contribute to that person's system of beliefs,
ideas, and attitudes, and values often affect how a person operates or responds
in certain situations.

TEACHING AS YOUR VOCATION, MISSION, AND PROFESSION

 WHY TEACHING IS A VOCATION?

- Teaching is a career where people get paid for the job. There are people who
are not fulfilled having a good paying job that is why they continue to search for
what is worthy and fulfilling to them. Indeed, the search for a worthy and fulfilling
vocation will continue even if they are paid lesser than their previous work.

Teaching is a Vocation. Every person is destined to be somebody in his own

field. I can say that teaching is easy, but teaching with morals and moulding
 humans for the future is not that simple as 1, 2 and 3. Like everyone can be a
teacher but being an effective teacher needs someone with passion and devotion
for teaching. Teachers became teachers not because of luck or misfortune, but
because she/he is destined to be one. Being a teacher requires a lot of things to
gain and even to sacrifice. Therefore, God will not put someone in this profession
if he is not capable to do it or if his fate is not on teaching. God has always
reasons for everything that happened to us and that is for the person to discover
and realize someday.
We consider teaching a vocation because of the dedication that one exerts
to provide quality learning atmosphere to their students. A teacher spends most
of his or her time teaching inside and outside the four walls of the classroom.
Even if he or she goes home, teaching is always in his or her mind because of
the need to prepare for the activities of the coming days unlike in other
professions where the activities end up inside the four walls of their offices or in
their places of work.

Teachers often spend lesser quality time for their families because most of their
time is devoted to teaching. We know for a fact that education is the best
inheritance we can provide our children that is why we do the teaching well so
that our students, not only our own children, will learn and move on to a higher
level of education and gain their desired vocation or profession.

 WHY IT IS A MISSION?

-Teaching is a Mission. Every human being has a purpose or mission in this world
and the main purpose of every human is to produce and protect life. As teachers, we
always have goals in everything we teach and do to our students. Why? It is simply
because we are teachers who have mission and that is to make each of our students
competitive, equipped with the fundamental skills and knowledge and also to be a
total human person for his society.

We teachers are not only teaching to have students with brilliant minds we
are also destined to produce human beings with heart and soul for everyone. A
human that is capable to love and care for the other people. Teachers are like
disciples of Jesus. We are expected to teach and cater the knowledge of our
students. What kind of knowledge? Knowledge for subjects, for himself, for life, for
morality, and for God and that is through teaching them the knowledge and the truth
comes with it and God is the truth and that is the great assigned task of Him to us –
to perform with excellence when doing our service.
 WHY IT IS ALSO A PROFESSION?
- Teaching is a Profession. As what a popular saying goes like “You cannot give
what you don’t have” just like for us teachers, we cannot fully transform our students
to be somebody in this world if in the first place we do not have the mastery of our
field or simply the knowledge, and care and love for them. We teachers are their
models and considered as their second mother. We do affect them easily that much
since they are spending most of their time in school and as being with them every
day we have the great responsibility on taking care of our actions in or outside of our
classroom. Therefore, we teachers should always have a guidance and that is
through thinking that in everything we say and do must be done for the greater glory
of GOD.

Therefore, as a future teacher, we should be thankful that we are taking

this noble course because it is only few who are destined to have the patience and
knowledge to be shared on the large community. Teaching is a powerful profession.
Teachers have the greatest influential duty in this world because they can make
either a monster or a hero for the future of a society. Teachers affect and make
characters out of their teaching. Teaching is a certified noble profession because it
does what God and his disciples tried and trying to do – to teach and spread the
truth to His people.
STATE YOUR IDEA AND EXPAND IT BY SUPPORTING YOUR ANSWER FROM
THE BOOK.

 ANSWER THIS!!!! YOU NEVER DREAMT TO BECOME A TEACHER! BUT

HERE YOU ARE NOW PREPARING FOR. TO BECOME ONE! HOW DID IT
HAPPEN?
- Yes, it never comes in my mind to become a teacher to teach, but here I am
preparing to become one of the educators. Other than no choice and my
classmate are enrolled in the same institution. First I didn’t accept the calling of
becoming a teacher, but I know this is my calling and God knows what good for
me because I lay my life in to him. And now I already accept the path that I go
through.
  GIVE AN IDEA ABOUT THIS quotes“ONCE A TEACHER, FOREVER A
STUDENT."

-The saying once a teacher forever a student means a teacher will continues learning
inside the classroom or outside through the pupils participations, questions, answers
and experience, even though the teacher is old he/she learn from his/her pupils. The
teacher will continue reading books, updated the social media, society issues and adopt
the technologies. She/ he can use it as medium of instruction when he/she teach.

I have seen this to my cooperative teacher even though she is old, she updates herself
how to manipulate technologies and adjust in the situation of those pupils or the
learning styles.

 WHY DOES A PROFESSION REQUIRE “LONG AND ARDUOUS YEARS OF

PREPARATION" AND "STRIVING FOR EXCELLENCE"?
- Because the end goal of a profession is service and as we heard many times “we
cannot give what we do not have.” We can give more if we have more.

Our service to the public as a professional turns out to be dedicated and

committed only when our moral, ethical and religious values serve as our
bedrock foundation. The same moral ethical and religious convictions inspire us
to embrace continuing professional education.

 IDEA ABOUT THE "PWEDE NA" MENTALITY VS. EXCELLENCE.

- In the Filipino context, mediocrity is what we call the "pwede na"
mentality. This mentality abounds in our daily culture and society. For
example, take a look at the way people drive and observe traffic rules. And
most traffic enforcers tolerate even the most obvious disregard of traffic
rules! Another is the way our government offices function. The Civil Service
Commission tries to implement high work standards, but down the line
implementation of the standards is set so low that no one bothers to complain
anymore, and when one sees a high performing government office, the
reaction is one of complete surprise. Also check out our public
schools...students underperform because teachers do so as well. To
compensate, they bring down the passing grade and then complain that the
graduates have low proficiency in reading and math.

The “striving for excellence” as another element of a profession brings us

to our PWEDE NA mentality which is inimical to excellence. This mentality is
expressed in other ways like “TALAGANG GANYAN YAN, WALA natayong
magawa.”All indicators of defeatism and resignation to mediocrity. If we stick to
this complacent mentality excellence eludes us. In the world of work, whether
here or abroad, only the best and the brightest make it all. At this time, you must
have heard that with the rigid selection of teacher applicants done by DepEd,
only few make it. The mortality rate in the Licensure Examination for Teachers for
the past ten years is glaring evidence that excellence is very much wanting of our
teacher graduates. If we remain true to our calling and mission as a professional
teacher, we may have no choice but to take the endless and the less travelled
road to excellence.
ANSWER THE ALL THE QUESTIONS AT PAGE 54. AND DO THE ACTIVITIES
NEEDED.

A. Research on:
 The other elements of a profession. Does the teaching profession
fulfil all the elements?

 Great responsibility
Professionals deal in matters of vital importance to their clients and are
therefore entrusted with grave responsibilities and obligations. Given
these inherent obligations, professional work typically involves
circumstances where carelessness, inadequate skill, or breach of ethics
would be significantly damaging to the client and/or his fortunes.
 Accountability
Professionals hold themselves ultimately accountable for the quality of
their work with the client. The profession may or may not have
mechanisms in place to reinforce and ensure adherence to this principle
among its members. If not, the individual professional will (e.g.
guarantees and/or contractual provisions).
 Based on specialized, theoretical knowledge
Professionals render specialized services based on theory, knowledge,
and skills that are most often peculiar to their profession and generally
beyond the understanding and/or capability of those outside of the
profession. Sometimes, this specialization will extend to access to the
tools and technologies used in the profession (e.g. medical equipment).
 Institutional preparation
Professions typically require a significant period of hands-on, practical
experience in the protected company of senior members before aspirants
are recognized as professionals. After this provisional period, ongoing
education toward professional development is compulsory. A profession
may or may not require formal credentials and/or other standards for
admission.
 Autonomy
Professionals have control over and, correspondingly, ultimate
responsibility for their own work. Professionals tend to define the terms,
processes, and conditions of work to be performed for clients (either
directly or as preconditions for their on-going agency employment).
 Clients rather than customers
Members of a profession exercise discrimination in choosing clients
rather than simply accepting any interested party as a customer (as
merchants do).
 Direct working relationships
Professionals habitually work directly with their clients rather than
through intermediaries or proxies.
 Ethical constraints
Due to the other characteristics on this list, there is a clear requirement
for ethical constraints in the professions. Professionals are bound to a
code of conduct or ethics specific to the distinct profession (and
sometimes the individual). Professionals also aspire toward a general
body of core values, which are centered upon an uncompromising and
un-conflicted regard for the client's benefit and best interests.
  Merit-based
in a profession, members achieve employment and success based on
merit and corresponding voluntary relationships rather than on corrupted
ideals such as social principle, mandated support, or extortion (e.g. union
members are not professionals). Therefore, a professional is one who
must attract clients and profits due to the merits of his work. In the
absence of this characteristic, issues of responsibility, accountability, and
ethical constraints become irrelevant, negating any otherwise-
professional characteristics.
 Capitalist morality
the responsibilities inherent to the practice of a profession are impossible
to rationally maintain without a moral foundation that flows from a
recognition of the singular right of the individual to his own life, along with
all of its inherent and potential sovereign value; a concept that only
capitalism recognizes, upholds and protects.

CHAPTER 1

The teaching as a profession

LESSON 1 Teaching as a profession

1. Acrostic for profession?

P - Perfectionist

R - Responsible

O - Organized

F - Fastidious

E - Enthusiastic

S - Sedulous

S - Scrupulous

I - Industrious

O - Obsessed

N – Noteworthy
 2. Does the teaching profession fulfil all the elements of a profession?
Explain your answer.
- Yes, because teacher is the only profession that create one person to
become a professional. It is expected that the profession of teaching
embraces many qualities of any other professional practice. Teachers must
possess a combination of many qualities beginning with a strong academic
background and wide-ranging knowledge. The National Framework for
Professional Standards for Teaching (2003) it is the knowledge of students,
curriculum, subject matter, pedagogy, education – related legislation and the
specifically teaching context that is the foundation on effective teaching, and a
firm foundation on which to construct well educated judgments.

3. Is professionalization synonymous to professionalism?

- The terms are very different. The term profession essentially means a generic
category of a particular type of occupation, usually one that involves
knowledge, a service and an extended period of education, training and work
experience with an experienced practitioner that has been practicing for a
number of years. Professionalization is, and I must emphasise that these
three terms have primarily been differentiated in the AngloAmerican tradition,
the process of becoming, in which an occupation seeks to promote itself or be
promoted by external agents into a professional occupation. Professionalism
is rather different in that it has a longer history but essentially it is an
occupational value or a normative value, something that in effect is a good
thing and is worth preserving and worth protecting, because someone that
exhibits professionalism is essentially doing a good job in providing a social
service that is valued and useful.

LESSON 2 Teaching as a vocation and mission

- Those questions that have in this lesson were included in the question that sir
Lemuel L Colis sent in the group chat. And my answer is in the first part of
these file.

CHAPTER 2

The demands of society from the teacher as a professional and as a person

LESSON 1 The demands of society from the teacher as a professional

 1. What does your list tell about society’s expectations from teachers?

Teachers are expected to

 be competent and effective

 Be proficient in the use of instructional strategies, curriculum materials, advanced
educational technologies, and classroom management techniques.
 have a thorough understanding of the developmental levels of their students
 have a solid grasp of the content they teach
 be informed of exemplary practices and to demonstrate a desire for professional
development
 help all learners succeed
 Hold strong beliefs about the potential for all children, regardless of students'
ethnicity, language, gender, socioeconomic status, family backgrounds and living
conditions, abilities, or disabilities.
 Ensure that all students develop to their fullest potential.
 Have a repertoire of instructional strategies and resources to create meaningful
learning experiences that promote students' growth and development.

2. How do you feel? Are you overwhelmed by the litany of expectations?

I feel overwhelmed; yes I am overwhelmed by the litany of expectations

Leader: God, tonight we lay our expectations at the foot of your throne.
We know that expectations aren’t always a bad thing, but there are times when we let
them get in our way.

All: You are trying to do this beautiful and holy thing. And instead of recognizing what
you are doing, we complain. We argue. We are angry.

Leader: Instead of running to seek out the wisdom of Your Word, we would rather listen
to our own words.

All: So tonight, we pray that you would take our false expectations, ideas and attitudes
about who you are God and Your Kingdom. That you would remove the burdens that
weigh us down, unstop our ears so we may hear, and open our eyes so we may see.

All: For this reason we kneel before the Father. For He is able to do immeasurably more
than we ask or imagine, according to his power that is at work within us, to him be glory
in the church & in Christ Jesus throughout all generations, for ever and ever. Amen!

LESSON 2 The demands of society from the teacher as a person

1. Recall you’re most memorable teacher who had the greatest impact on
your life? What special personal qualities did he/she possess? Write
them down.

- As I remember the most memorable teacher I had is Brother Gorgonio

Bongao, he taught me that if someone give you a task do it with all your heart
mind and best even if did not work as you expected at least you try. We don’t
know if there is another chance. And my entire teacher is great because I am
not who I am today if they are not there to guide me.
 2. What is professionalism?

- The Merriam-Webster dictionary defines professionalism as "the conduct,

aims, or qualities that characterize or mark a profession or a professional
person;" and it defines a profession as "a calling requiring specialized
knowledge and often long and intensive academic preparation."
These definitions imply that professionalism encompasses a number of
different attributes, and, together, these attributes identify and define a
professional.

CHAPTER 3
The code of ethics for professional teachers

LESSON 1 The code of ethics for professional teachers: the preamble and article
1

1. Are teachers who have license considered professional?

 Section 2. Section 26 of the same Act is hereby amended to read as
follows:
"Sec 26. Registration and Exception. - No person shall engage in teaching
and/or act as a professional teacher as defined in this Act. Whether in the
preschool, elementary or secondary level, unless the person is a duly
registered professional teacher, and a holder of a valid certificate of
registration and a valid professional license or a holder of a valid
special/temporary permit.
Upon approval of the application and payment of the prescribed fees, the
certificate of registration and professional license as a professional teacher
shall be issued without examination as acquired in this Act to a qualified
applicant, who is:
(a) A holder of a certificate of eligibility as a teacher issued by the Civil
Service Commission and the Department of Education, Culture and Sports; or
(b) A registered professional teacher with the National Board for Teachers
under the Department of Education, Culture and Sports (DECS) pursuant to
Presidential Decree No. 1006.
Professional teachers who have not practiced their profession for the past five
(5) years shall take at least twelve (12) units of education courses, consisting
of a least six (6) units of pedagogy and six (6) units of context courses or the
equivalent training and number 1 hours to be chosen from a list of courses to
be provided by the Board and the Department of Education, before they can
be allowed to practice their profession in the country.
Those who have failed the licensure examination for professional teachers,
with a rating of not lower than five percentage points from the passing general
average rating, shall be eligible as Para-teachers upon issuance by the Board
of a two-year special permit, renewable for a non-extendible period of two (2)
years The Para-teachers shall be assigned to areas where there is a shortage
or absence of a professional teacher, as identified and provided by the
Department of Education and the Autonomous Region for Muslim Mindanao
(ARMM) education department to the Board for professional teachers and to
the Commission. The special permit shall indicate the area of assignment of
the Para-teacher.
 A special permit may also be issued by the Board to a person who has
excelled and gained international recognition and is a widely acknowledged
expert in his or her respective field of specialization.

2. What do technical and professional competences mean?

 A technical and professional competence is the capability to perform

the duties of one's profession generally, or to perform a particular
professional task, with skill of an acceptable quality.

3. Are private school teachers required of a license? What about pre-

school teachers, vocational teachers, ALS teacher, school head,
education supervisor and school division superintendents?

- Private school teachers commonly need a bachelor's degree, and some

schools may require additional teacher training specific to the subject they
teach or the philosophy of their school. Some private schools also require
teachers to obtain state teaching licenses.

- The Department of Education has increased the qualifications for new

kindergarten teacher applicants in line with the implementation of the K to 12
basic education program. Based on the department’s new guidelines, an
applicant must have teaching experience and be a holder of specialized
degrees on child education. These include bachelor’s degrees in Early
Childhood Education (ECE); Preschool Education; Family Life and Child
Development; Elementary Education with specialization in Preschool or Early
Childhood Education; and Elementary Education with a major in Teaching
Early Grades. Applicants may also have a bachelor’s degree in Secondary
Education with additional diplomas in ECE, including practice teaching in
kindergarten education as well as those who majored in related courses with
at least 18 units in ECE/Child Development including those in day care
centers. Teachers with experience in teaching kinder or preschool, whether in
public or recognized private schools, will be prioritized. Applicants must also
hold a Licensure Examination for Teachers (LET) license, a Professional
Board Examination for Teacher (PBET) license, or both, and must not be
more than 45 years old. “We must adhere to quality standards in preparing
our young learners
- Vocational teachers work in high schools and colleges teaching students
skills in their specific vocation. Positions as vocational teachers require
experience or training in the fields they teach. They often also require
completion of a bachelor's degree with a master's degree as a further
educational option.
- ALS mobile teachers are usually licensed but in areas where there no
licensed teachers, DepEd allows individuals to teach especially if they will be
teaching basic literacy such as writing, counting or reading. “However, these
teachers are not employed by DepEd,” Ambat explained.

4. Are all institutions and professors in teacher education institution

required of a license?
 Not all teachers should have the licence but in the private school
teacher who doesn’t have a license should pass the board exam within
2 years. While in the public school they only hired teachers that have
license to teach. Ensure that all educational institutions offering
elementary and secondary education comply with the essential
requirements for curricula, faculty and facilities for the elementary and
secondary level.
 LESSON 2 The code of ethics for professional teachers: Relationship with the
secondary and tertiary stakeholders

1. School have a school report cards as a means by which professional

teachers keep communities informed of school development. Research for
a sample of a school report card and share in class.

2. Every school has a school governing council. What is this council about?
How different is this from the parents and teachers association?

The school council has particular functions in setting and monitoring the school’s
direction.

School councils have three main responsibilities:

 finance: overseeing the development of the school’s annual budget and ensuring
proper records are kept of the school’s financial operation
 strategic planning: participating in the development and monitoring of the school
strategic plan
 Policy development and review: developing, reviewing and updating policies that
reflect a school’s values and support the school’s broad direction outlined in its
strategic plan.

Other key functions of school councils include:

 raising funds for school related purposes

 maintaining school grounds and facilities
 entering into contracts
 reporting annually to the school community and the Department
 creating interest in the school in the wider community
 representing and taking the views of the community into account
 regulating and facilitating after-hours use of school premises and grounds
 Operating a children’s service at the school.
 And the difference between two associations is they have both different roles and
members the school governing council is composed of student that have been
voted by the students while the PTA is about teachers and parents.

3. Research about helicopter parents, what does it mean? How should you
relate to them?
 A style of child rearing in which an overprotective mother or father
discourages a child's independence by being too involved in the child's
life: In typical helicopter parenting, a mother or father swoops in at any
sign of challenge or discomfort.

I didn’t relate to them because my parents always do best for me, and
they give support in any things what I want in life.

4. What does special parental authority imply?

 “Art. 218. The school, its administrators and teachers, or the individual,
entity or institution engaged in child care shall have special parental
authority and responsibility over the minor child while under their
supervision, instruction or custody.

“Authority and responsibility shall apply to all authorized activities

whether inside or outside the premises of the school, entity or
institution.

“Article 2180. The obligation imposed under Article 2176 is

demandable not only for one’s own acts or omissions, but also for
those of persons for whom one is responsible.

“Lastly, teachers or heads of establishing of arts and trades shall be

liable for damages caused by their pupils and students or apprentices,
so long as they remain in their custody.

LESSON 3 The code of ethics for professional teachers: relationship with the
internal stakeholders

1. What are your wishes for your teachers?

 No matter how old we grow, the lessons taught by our teachers can
never be forgotten. They build the foundation for our moral values and
nurture children with their love and care. I tell what my heart felt now
for my lovable teachers and how much i adore them. Here we have.

"If a country is to be corruption free and become a nation of beautiful

minds, I strongly feel there are three key societal members who can
make a difference. They are the father, the mother and the teacher."

2. Will filing a justified complaint against a fellow teacher do well for a

community of professional teachers? If you were the one intending to file a
complaint, would you do so?
 Will if I will be the one who will intending to file a complaint i should
consider two factors 1st is it depends to the situation 2nd that who will
 be the affected of the situation and o what will happen if I intend to file
a complaint.

3. Which Filipino trait makes it difficult sometimes for professional teachers to

function as a collegial community?

if the following habits or attitudes will be removed from most of us, I believe that real
progress will inevitably follow the Philippines:

1. Crab mentality
There are some of us Filipinos who got a bitter view at competition—that if we cannot
win, then no one will. Instead of helping each other to be successful, we even make
ways to pull them down like discourage them from taking great opportunities, or
destroying their image. This is because we want to be the only one at the top. If only
we would see the achievements of our neighbors or colleagues as an inspiration to
reach our own goals instead of considering them as threats. We should realize that
the success of each Filipino will contribute to the improvement of the country, and this
can help all of us to be successful as well.

2. Procrastination or “Mañana Habit “

This is another habit which keeps the development of our country slow. Look at the
government projects which have been left undone for years. If only they were
completed immediately, then many Filipinos would have already benefited from them.
This is also true with many of us. Instead of working on a task while there is much
time, we wait for the deadline because we feel lazy to start on them, or we want to
use the time in other things. Of course, the outcome of our completed work would not
be of high quality because they were rushed.

3.”Bahala na” or “come what may” habit

This is another habit that destroys the image of Filipinos. Instead of doing something
to make things happen, we tend to just leave the outcome to whatever that could
happen—come what may—we say. For instance, instead of studying for exams,
some students may spend more time in computer games and gimmicks, while leaving
their chance of passing the midterms to luck. We could attribute this habit to faith,
reasoning out that God will help us become successful. However, as the Christian
saying goes, “faith without work is dead”. If we have some goals, then we need to
work in order to achieve them.

4. Hypocrisy (being a double-faced person)

As a country which claims to value morality, most of us try to live up to the standards
set by the traditional society. However, as no one is perfect, many of us are not
actually able to sustain these standards. The fear of being an outcast has forced a lot
of people to live a double standard life. To hide our failure in following a norm, we
tend to be condemning to those who are caught red handed. A perfect example could
be the criticisms faced by those who become pregnant outside marriage. The sad
fact behind this scenario is that some of these critics could have actually engaged in
premarital sex too—only that no proof is visible.

5. Ningas cogon
In Spanish, “ningas cogon” means a burning cogon grass. This flaming grass quickly
burns out—and this best describes one of the worst Filipino traits. Most of us are very
good at this. We are excellent at starting projects or idea execution. Nevertheless,
after a few hours or days, we lose the excitement, and we become too lazy to finish
what we have started.
6. Filipino time (tardiness)
Instead of being something to be proud of, ‘Filipino time’ brings a negative impression
to our people. The Filipino time is usually associated with tardiness. When the
invitation says the program will start at 7pm, it is expected to begin at 9pm. When the
date is set at 3pm, the partner will arrive at 5 o’ clock. This has not only caused
conflicts in relationships, it also discourages others including foreigners from getting
involved in supposedly productive activities as too much time can be wasted on
waiting.

7. Gossiping
Filipinos are fond of talking about others’ business. It is not true that only women are
into gossiping. Even men can also be nosy on other people’s lives. Sadly, this does
not bring any good to the subjects. Secrets are brought out; failures and flaws are
emphasized; and relationships are destroyed. Worse, as gossips are passed around,
they tend to be twisted until the final story becomes too far from the original—thus,
causing more damage.

8. Blaming others (irresponsibility)

We, Filipinos, can sometimes be too self-righteous. When mistakes happen, we do
not want to take the blame, so instead we point at others. This shows how we can be
irresponsible for our actions. This attitude destroys team work, and reliability
becomes an issue. This habit is also popular among our public officials. I know you
know what happened during the Yolanda crisis. The rescue and rehabilitation
operations in the Yolanda affected areas became slow, courtesy of the blaming
habits of our politicians in position.

9. Inconsideration (being thoughtless of others)

This habit could be a result of having too many things on mind—have to find money
for kids’ tuition, need to look for a better job, stress over a drunkard or unfaithful
spouse, and other problems. We become insensitive to the needs of other people
because we need to focus on ourselves first. However, this country could be an
easier place to live in if we were thoughtful enough to show kindness to one another.
These problems will be easier to deal with if we will help each other get over them.

10. Ignoring or not following simple rules and instructions

Laws and regulations are created to make communities harmonious. However, how
can we achieve that peaceful neighborhood if we cannot even follow the simplest
rules like crossing on the pedestrian lane and not loitering around? It is not enough
that we demand change in our government. We should also strive to start change in
ourselves by being disciplined citizens even in the smallest ways.

11. Attention grabbing (being an ‘epal’)

It is natural for Filipinos to attract attention by standing out as we are a fun and
people loving race. Nevertheless, it is a different thing to be an “epal” or
“kapalmuks”—simply, being an attention grabber. Sometimes, in our desperate need
to be the center of attention, we do things that are already embarrassing like butting
in conversations as a know-it-all or by being scandalous. This habit is also common
to our politicians. Instead of prioritizing their duty to give the best service to the
people, they rather prioritize their thick faces to grab attention that will bring them
more chance of winning in the next election. But thanks to our vigilant netizens,
these kinds of politicians earn more shame than fame.
 12. Being onion-skinned or too sensitive
another habit or attitude that we need to change is our being too prideful which
usually results to being oversensitive. If we think highly of ourselves, then we have
the tendency to put a wall around us and that signboard on our forehead saying, “I
must be respected.” Therefore, when someone makes a joke or a not so positive
comment about us, we feel like we are not respected and we get offended. If all
people in the country do not know how to accept constructive criticism, then we can
never expect unity.

13. Living beyond their means (social climbing)

One of the reasons why a lot of Filipinos live in poverty is because of overspending.
Since most people want to live an elite lifestyle, many resort to social climbing or
living beyond their means. Sometimes, some of us think that as long as we wear
designer clothes and shoes, and we send our children to the most expensive
schools, it is alright to be swimming in credits and loans.

14. Passivity (lack of leadership)

Filipinos’ lack of initiative for change is also one reason why our country does not
progress. We keep on complaining against the government and other societal
issues. However, we do not do anything about them. One of our excuses is the lack
of faith that our small actions can bring change. However, the worse reason for this
could be our lack of care for what is happening around us. Common Filipinos also
lack courage and confidence. If you can notice it, in classrooms, churches, or
conference rooms, most of us don’t like to sit in the front seat.

These 14 bad habits are among the hindrances to the progress of our country.
The Philippines is rich both in human and natural resources. Also, Filipinos are
intelligent and we have the capability to compete globally. Therefore, if these
weights will be removed, then we can advance higher and faster. Everything will
only be possible if each of us will start the change.

LESSON 4 The code of ethics for professional teachers: His/her person,

profession and business

1. Research on how students regard the teaching profession. Do they see it

as a noble calling or a profession for those who cannot make it in the other
professions?

- Some of student see it as a noble calling to those whose like to teach and
impart knowledge but on the other they see it as “because of no choice”.

Of course it is… You have the power here which you do not get in any other profession.
The power is to mould the young minds.

Year over Year you have a chance to direct the future of students that will decide how
they will approach a problem and what they will do with their life. By moulding these
young minds you actually will be responsible for the future development of the country
and world, cause you will be the one responsible for making tomorrow’s leaders,
innovators and what not… You will probably not get the credit for it but you will be
responsible in a big way…
2. There are more women than men in the teaching profession. Does this
indicate that less man is able to face the challenge of the teaching
profession?

 Women are considerably over-represented in the teaching profession.

Recent data show, among recent Australian university graduates, 97%
of pre-primary teachers, 85% of primary teachers and 68% of
secondary teachers are female. Similarly, large proportions of women
in teaching are also observed across the OECD. But that’s not mean
man should not able to face challenges of the teaching profession man
only thinks about gaining higher income in able to support their family
and they not find teaching is the best. Other man chose those work
who is more challenging over teaching like doctors, engineers,
accountant, police, soldier, pilot, and on the government.

3. When do professional teacher violate section 3 of article x?

- When a teacher thinks for his/her needs and wants. Section 3. No teacher
shall act, directly or indirectly, as agent of, or be financially interested in, any
commercial venture which furnish textbooks and other school commodities in
the purchase and disposal of which he can exercise official influence, except
only when his assignment is inherently, related to such purchase and
disposal; provided they shall be in accordance with the existing regulations;
provided, further, that members of duly recognized teachers cooperatives
may participate in the distribution and sale of such commodities.

4. Books go with teaching and learning. Books go with teacher and students
but why is it unethical for teachers to supply books in school?
- Only certain books are allowed on campus. An even fewer number of books
are allowed in the classroom. Buying them in “bulk” is “cheap” going on line
and purchasing them is more often than not too expensive. If someone learns
you purchased a certain book and supplied it to your students, lets just say, it
could end “BADLY”.

CHAPTER 4

The rights and privileges of teachers in the Philippines

1. What if the teacher who is transferred to another school believes there is

no justification for the transfer? What must he/she do?

- Every school district I know of has a master contract detailing the conditions
of employment, including but not limited to transfers. If the district’s teachers
are a part of a collective bargaining unit, they are entitled to representation
when an issue such as a non-voluntary transfer happens. Your first step
should probably be to read your master contract to learn what it has to say
about transfers. If you still feel after reading your master contract that your
transfer violated terms of the contract, you should speak either with a
collective bargaining unit official or with an attorney who specializes in
employment law.
 CHAPTER 5
On becoming a global teacher

LESSON 1 The global and the global teacher professional: is there a difference?

1. Who is a global teacher? What are the attributes of the global teacher?

- The global teacher has the best elements of

the classroom and school teacher, but their focus is on “what is best for
kids”, no matter if is their own kids, kids in the school across the street, or
across the ocean. They got into teaching because they love students and
want to help every single one of them, no matter their situation or
location. They care for the kids in their classroom, they share openly with
others in their school and connect with kids, but want to make things better
past their own situation. They inspire change whether it is with one
classroom in another school, or thousands. They also tap into others and
bring the best to their students. The more we look at what others are doing,
the better we can become for the students closest to us.

- Global teachers (should) care about education as a whole, as well as their

school and their classroom. I just want to iterate that if the person only looks
at sharing and learning globally, but cannot connect with those in their
classroom or school, I would not consider them a “global teacher”. They just
know that we are better when we work together, not just taking, but
contributing. They know what they share makes a difference for others, as
well as knowing what they learn from others makes a difference for their
school and students.

2. Can one be a global teacher, without teaching abroad? Write your insight.

- Yes.

Another way of doing it would be to create videos for youtube.com. Many

people visit that site to learn new things.

University teachers are also offering courses free-of-charge on the internet

site in many subject areas. Again, people from across the world take
advantage of these courses.

3. Reflect on the statement “As a global teacher, act locally but think
globally.”

 "Think globally, act locally" To put it simply, it means: Be opening

minded about learning about issues, cultures, and events around the
world, and make use of this knowledge to improve your local area,
hometown, or country.
 So for example, I could say I travelled to Japan and noticed how clean
the streets were over there and how people generally picked up after
them. In turn, when I am back here in America, I'll recycle, pick up
 trash when I see it, and try to improve the environment based on my
experiences abroad. Again, it's more of an adage that emphasizes
"learn from others, to improve yourself / your home."

LESSON 2 A closer look at the teachers and the teaching profession in the ASEAN
and beyond

1. How does a Filipino teacher compare with a teacher in the ASIAN and
beyond?

“Listen to Understand, Speak to be Understood, Educate to Improve, Touch to

Create Beautiful Tomorrow”
Teachers are considered modernized heroes considering their countless efforts
in the transmission of knowledge and transformation of character in every learner
for a hopeful environment. In the simplest term, a teacher is someone who
educates beyond limits, risks without taking chances and opportunities,
encourages in down moments, promises even if it is hopeless, smiles in
difficulties, and who loves without compromise.
Teachers are highly – empowered individuals. They constantly educate using
their own story of experiences. They read a lot, attend trainings to acquire new
skills, learn and discover, and continually expand their competence and serve
others. Likewise, radiate positive energy by being enthusiastic, hopeful,
believing, and optimistic. Their actions and attitudes are in consonance to the
real situations by being balanced, temperate, moderate, and wise. On the other
hand, teachers are flexible and can adjust to different situations. They can easily
navigate to the different stakeholders in the community for the improvement of
the school. Teachers are also smart considering that they are very productive in
working with the co – teachers in school. Truly, they produce outputs in new and
creative ways.
Teachers indeed are modernized heroes. Their function is the most critical and
challenging responsibility in the society – to teach and transform. Most of the
time, their functions are being extended at homes, sleeping late at night in
preparing quality learning packages for the learners. There are also some
teachers who initiated a good practice in school which is “Adopt – A – Learner”
through feeding the malnourished children, providing pencils, papers and
notebooks and even free lunch just to encourage the learners to stay in the four
walls of the room. One can’t ignore the obvious fact that a teacher’s role is very
necessary and important, not just as being considered second parents but more
so as heroes and keeper of everybody’s dream. No other government employees
can surpass the sacrifices of the teachers just to produce functional doctors,
engineers, leaders, nurses, lawyers, and even teachers working now in our
society. Of course these extraordinary professionals are also considered heroes
but teachers serve as the living vehicle in the transmission of knowledge and
transforming character that geared towards the fulfilment of that dream.
Lastly, no doubt teachers make a big difference in the life of every learner. These
teachers who are front liners in bringing out dreams and keeping those dreams
come true are amazing things, yet, seldom have been seen, recognized, and
realized by most people in the society nowadays.
“Listen to Understand, Speak to be Understood, Educate to Improve, Touch to
Create a Beautiful Tomorrow”
 2. If given an opportunity to experience teaching in another country listed
above, where would you like to teach? Explain?

- Aside from Philippines but it didn’t include in the list, I choose to have
experience teaching in Singapore aside from beautiful country I see it as my
second country. Ever since I wanted to go there but not a teacher instead a
chief. I want to teach in Singapore to know to have knowledge about
Singaporean people on how they improve their small country so that I will be
going to get their idea on how to become successful person. And that time
come I will be going to teach me in my own country I will be going to teach
what I taught there.

LESSON 3 The changing global landscape for the 21st century teachers

1. The global learning village has changed and will keep on changing, as you
prepare to become the teacher of the 21st century, how will you prepare for
these rapid changes?

 As I prepare to become the teacher of the 21st century I do a lot of self-

adjustment and making the most important in every student, to know what they
need and to know what they want in that way I as a teacher of 21 st century could
become a real teacher not only in license but also in my did.

CHAPTER 6
Ensuring teacher quality trough competency framework and standards

1. When you become a professional teacher in the future, how can you
enhance the state of quality teachers in the Philippines?

 As I become a teacher someday I will do my best to become changer in my own

family. I said family because family is the start of everything so if I start with
whole country whole universe and I didn’t help my family changing into better
people of my country how could I able to help people out there. And I believe that
there is success if our mind and physical body’s works.

CHAPTER 7

Continuing professional development: The lifeblood of the teaching profession

1. Teaching is a “”Learning profession” What does it mean?

- Teachers engage in professional learning to stimulate their thinking and

professional knowledge and to ensure that their practice is critically informed
and current.

When a wide range of high-quality, sustained professional learning

experiences are undertaken, teachers are more likely to inspire pupils and
 provide high-quality teaching and learning experiences, enabling learners to
achieve their best.

It is important that professional learning provides rich opportunities for

teachers to develop and enhance their professional knowledge and practice,
in order to progress the quality of learning and teaching and school
improvement.

Critical self-evaluation is an important part of the professional learning and

PRD process. The GTCS Professional Standards offer constructive support
for teachers as they consider how they might develop their professional
values and dispositions, their knowledge, skills and understanding through
on-going critical self-evaluation and professional learning.

2. Will I as a professional teacher go through CPD even if not mandated by

law?

- WHEN this law came into being, professionals throughout the Philippines met
it with various reactions, most of them negative because of the cost that it
entails before one can renew his/her PRC ID Card. Yes, take note that it is
the card and not the license that we are renewing.

It can be recalled that Republic Act No. 10912, otherwise known as the
“Continuing Professional Development (CPD) Act of 2016”, is an act which
requires CPD as the mandatory requirement for the renewal of Professional
Identification Card. The CPD Act lapsed into Law on July 21, 2016 and it took
effect on August 16, 2016.

CHAPTER 8
Philosophies of education

LESSON 1 Our philosophical heritage: Philosophies of education

1. Section 5 of RA 10533, the enhanced basis education act of 2013 in the

appendix G on which philosophies of education is the K to 12 curriculums
anchored?

- SEC. 5. Curriculum Development. — The DepED shall formulate the design

and details of the enhanced basic education curriculum. It shall work with the
Commission on Higher Education (CHED) to craft harmonized basic and
tertiary curricula for the global competitiveness of Filipino graduates. To
ensure college readiness and to avoid remedial and duplication of basic
education subjects, the DepED shall coordinate with the CHED and the
Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA).
- To achieve an effective enhanced basic education curriculum, the DepED
shall undertake consultations with other national government agencies and
other stakeholders including, but not limited to, the Department of Labor and
Employment (DOLE), the Professional Regulation Commission (PRC), the
private and public schools associations, the national student organizations,
the national teacher organizations, the parents-teachers associations and the
chambers of commerce on matters affecting the concerned stakeholders.
 - The DepED shall adhere to the following standards and principles in
developing the enhanced basic education curriculum:
- (a) The curriculum shall be learner-centered, inclusive and developmentally
appropriate;
- (b) The curriculum shall be relevant, responsive and research-based;
- (c) The curriculum shall be culture-sensitive;
- (d) The curriculum shall be contextualized and global;
- (e) The curriculum shall use pedagogical approaches that are constructivist,
inquiry-based, reflective, collaborative and integrative;
- (f) The curriculum shall adhere to the principles and framework of Mother
Tongue-Based Multilingual Education (MTB-MLE) which starts from where
the learners are and from what they already knew proceeding from the known
to the unknown; instructional materials and capable teachers to implement
the MTB-MLE curriculum shall be available;
- (g) The curriculum shall use the spiral progression approach to ensure
mastery of knowledge and skills after each level; and
- (h) The curriculum shall be flexible enough to enable and allow schools to
localize, indigenize and enhance the same based on their respective
educational and social contexts. The production and development of locally
produced teaching materials shall be encouraged and approval of these
materials shall devolve to the regional and division education units.

LESSON 2 Formulating my philosophy of education

1. What are the consequences of the absence of a teacher’s lack of a clear

philosophy of education?

- The consequences of the absence of a teachers lack of clear philosophy of

education is the student should be able to understand the teacher it can also
affect the people around the teacher especially the student.

CHAPTER 9
Teaching, the noblest of all professions

1. What advantages does the practice of the teaching profession have over
that of other profession?

Teaching profession is different from all other profession because

1- It is a profession of creating sparkle not burning or extinguishing.

2- In other profession responsibility is to complete a task, but in teaching creating task

completer or clone of self.

3- In teaching there is an eternal satisfaction of ability to do something for future world.

4- In this profession there are scopes for the teacher for reformation of social, cultural
and economic state.

5- In most of other professions the scope of contribution is limited, but in teaching…..

6- If a manager or a clerk does any mistake it will effect a person or a limited
environment, but a mistake done by a teacher may affect whole human race. For
example terrorism is the result of wrong teaching.

Teaching job is a job of high responsibility. Only well aware and responsible person
should come to this profession