THE RELATIONSHIP OF FACTORS TO THE ACUTE RESPIRATORY

INFECTIONS (ARI) EVENT

(Study In Wiyung Local Government Clinic of Surabaya in 2017)

Rahmidha Dwijayanti1, Setiawan2, Darjati3

Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia
Politeknik Kesehatan Kementerian Kesehatan Surabaya
Program Studi D-IV Kesehatan Lingkungan
Email: rahmidhadwijayanti14@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
Sanitation of public locations is a rather urgent health issue
because public places are the meeting paces of people with various
diseases, similar to local government clinic. This study was aimed to
analyze attitudes on ARI incidences in Wiyung Local Government Clinic of
Surabaya.
This study was an observational analytic study with case control
approach. Population and sample of the study were suferer’s in Wiyung
Local Government Clinic of Surabaya, with total sample 38 suferer’s and
38 control. Analysis using statistical test, the test used is the chi square
test.
Based on chi square test for environmental factors, there are results
that ventilation, lighting intensity, temperature, humidity, and density
bedroom are relate with Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) event because
p is less than α (0,05). While for behavioral factors there are results that
knowledge, attitude, and practice are relate with Acute Respiratory
Infections (ARI) event because p is less than α (0,05).
Suggestion sufferer Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) constant
keep environmental sanitation room, with keep sanitation outside room
please escaped from contaminate disease, while to Local Government
Clinic please optimize character personnel environmental health as
educator inside give information about environmental factors and
behavioral factors about event Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI).

A. Introduction

Sanitation of public places potentially as a place to

is the public health distribute them any
problem that is quite disease especially disease
urgent, this is because of a transmission media with
public place is where the food, drink, air and water.
merging of all sorts of Thus a public health
community with all should be qualified in the
diseases which belongs to sense that public places
the community. Therefore, must protect, nurture, and
then a public place heightens the degree of

GEMA KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN 1

 public health (Mukono, elimination, reduction of
2006:107). One of the administrative control,
common areas are at risk environmental and
of becoming a place technical control, and
menularnya various controlling Tools The
diseases is a clinic. Based Patron Himself.
on the integrated Disease Wiyung Local
Surveillance report-based Government Clinic the
health centers, there are 5 clinic is located in the
major diseases in health village of the subdistrict
centers include: Acute Swipe Wiyung Surabaya
Respiratory Infections city with a total of 43
(ARI), diarrhea, employees. In January the
tuberculosis, dengue fever year 2017 based on
and typhoid. Integrated Disease
According to the WHO Surveillance Report
strategy 2007 year environment-based year
prevention and infection 2017 Clinics Wiyung
control in health care experienced respiratory as
facilities is generally based much as 120 sufferers.
on the type of control and
B. Research Methods

The type of research used Acute Respiratory

in this research is a case
study of design control,
where the effect (of
disease) identified at this
time, then there is an
identified risk factors or the
occurrence at the time ago
(Notoatmodjo, 2010:41).
The population in this
study are all the sufferers
of Acute Respiratory
Infections (ARI) aged
≥ 18 – 73 years in Clinics
Wiyung Surabaya of 60
people.
Observation on this
research will be used to
know the sufferers of
Infections. Observation
sheet refers to the healthy
House terms card and
home condition
observation assessment
way is by looking at the
results from the
observation sheet. If the
answer to qualify then his
observation value = 1, but
if the answers don't qualify
then his observation value
= 0. Further calculation of
the score each House by
dividing the value of the
observation with the
maximum value 100%
multiplied by observation.

GEMA KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN 2

 Systematically formulated (Aspuah, 2013:33) as
follows :
Score =
𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑜𝑏𝑠𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
x 100%
𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑚𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑚 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒
Home sanitation quality ≤ 50% = Less
categories are 51 – 74% = Enough
distinguished into three ≥ 75% = Good
kinds:
C. Results and Discussion
Table 1.1
THE RELATIONSHIP OF VENTILATION AT HOME OF
RESPIRATORY EVENTS WITH RESPONDENTS

THE INCIDENCE OF
SPACIOUS RESPIRATORY TOTAL
VENTILATION No Respiratory Respiratory
n % n % n %
Eligible 12 31,6 10 26,3 22 57,9
Not Eligible 26 68,4 28 73,7 54 142,1
Total 38 100 38 100 76 200

Based on table 1.1 that the the case the case of Acute
results of the analysis Respiratory Infections
between occurrence of (ARI) as many as 12 of the
Acute Respiratory respondents with 31.6%.
Infections (ARI) with The results are based on
ventilation conditions at statistical test of chi-square
home even though then retrieved the value of
respondents qualify but still p = 0.00 with thus value
occur as many as 10 cases p<α, so there is a
of Acute Respiratory significant relationship
Infections (ARI) between ventilation
respondents with 26.3%, respondents with genesis
while the percentage that of Acute Respiratory
is not Infections (ARI).

Table 1.2
THE RELATIONSHIP OF LIGHTING IN THE HOMES OF THE
RESPONDENTS WITH THE GENESIS OF RESPIRATORY
THE INCIDENCE OF
RESPIRATORY TOTAL
LIGHTING
No Respiratory Respiratory
n % n % N %
Eligible 11 28,9 8 21,1 19 50
Not Eligible 27 71,1 30 78,9 57 150
Total 38 100 38 100 76 200

GEMA KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN 3

 Based on table 1.2 that results
of analysis between occurrence
of Acute Respiratory Infections
(ARI) with lighting conditions at
home even though respondents
qualify but still occur as many
as 10 cases of Acute
Respiratory Infections (ARI)
respondents with 26.3%, while
the percentage that is not the
case the case of Acute
Respiratory Infections (ARI) as
many as 12 of the respondents
31.6%. The results are based
on statistical test of chi-square
then retrieved the value of p =
0.00 with thus value p<α, so
there is a significant relationship
between ventilation respondents
with genesis of Acute
Respiratory Infections (ARI).

Tabel 1.3
THE RELATIONSHIP OF AIR TEMPERATURE AT HOME OF
RESPIRATORY EVENTS WITH RESPONDENTS

THE INCIDENCE OF
RESPIRATORY TOTAL
AIR TEMPERATURE
No Respiratory Respiratory
n % n % n %
Eligible 12 31,6 8 21,1 20 52,7
Not Eligible 26 68,4 30 78,9 56 147,3
Total 38 100 38 100 76 200

Based on table 1.3 that the case Acute Respiratory

results of the analysis between
occurrence of Acute Respiratory
Infections (ARI) with air
temperature conditions with
home even though respondents
qualify but still happens of Acute
Respiratory Infections (ARI)
cases as much as 8 percentage
of respondents with 21.1%,
whereas that is not the
Infections (ARI) as many as 12
of the respondents 31.6%. The
results are based on statistical
test of chi-square then retrieved
the value of p = 0.00 with thus
value p<α, so there is a
significant relationship between
the respondent's home with a
temperature of Acute
Respiratory Infections (ARI)
events.

GEMA KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN 4

 Table 1.4
THE RELATIONSHIP OF AIR HUMIDITY IN THE HOME OF THE
RESPONDENTS WITH THE GENESIS OF RESPIRATORY

THE INCIDENCE OF
RESPIRATORY TOTAL
AIR HUMIDITY
No Respiratory Respiratory
n % n % N %
Eligible 12 31,6 8 21,1 20 52,7
Not Eligible 26 68,4 30 78,9 56 147,3
Total 38 100 38 100 76 200

Based on table 1.4 that the Infections (ARI) as many as 12

results of the analysis between
occurrence of Acute
Respiratory Infections (ARI)
with air humidity conditions
with home even though
qualified respondents but it still
happens of Acute Respiratory
Infections (ARI) cases as
much as 8 percentage of
respondents with 21.1%,
whereas that is not the case
the case of Acute Respiratory
of the respondents 31.6%.
The results are based on
statistical test of chi-square
then retrieved the value of p =
0.00 with thus value p<α, so
there is a significant
relationship between the
respondent's home with a
humidity of Acute Respiratory
Infections (ARI) events.

Tabel 1.5
THE RELATIONSHIP OF RESIDENTIAL DENSITY IN
THE HOME OF THE RESPONDENTS WITH GENESIS
OF RESPIRATORY
THE INCIDENCE OF
RESIDENTIAL RESPIRATORY TOTAL
DENSITY No Respiratory Respiratory
n % N % n %
Eligible 10 26,3 5 13,2 15 39,5
Not Eligible 28 73,7 33 86,8 61 160,5

Total 38 100 38 100 76 200

Based on table 1.5 that the though qualified respondents
results of the analysis between but it still happens of Acute
occurrence of Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI)
Respiratory Infections (ARI) cases as much as 5
with residential density percentage of respondents
conditions with home even with 13,2%, whereas that is

GEMA KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN 5

 not the case the case of Acute
Respiratory Infections (ARI) as
many as 10 of the respondents
26,3%.
The results are based on
statistical test of chi-square
then retrieved the value of p =
0.00 with thus value p<α, so
there is a significant
relationship between the
respondent's home with a
residential density of Acute
Respiratory Infections (ARI)
events.

Table 1.6
RELATIONSHIP WITH THE RESPONDENT BEHAVIOR OF
RESPIRATORY EVENTS
THE INCIDENCE OF
THE ACTION
RESPIRATORY TOTAL
OF THE
NO REPIRATORY RESPIRATORY
RESPONDENT
n % n % n %
Baik 21 55,3 24 63,2 45 118,5
Cukup 17 44,7 14 36,8 31 81,5
Kurang 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total 38 100 38 100 76 200

Based on table 1.6 that the Infections (ARI) as many as 21

results of the analysis between
occurrence of Acute
Respiratory Infections (ARI)
with the action of respondent
conditions with home even
though qualified respondents
but it still happens of Acute
Respiratory Infections (ARI)
cases as much as 14
percentage of respondents with
36,8%, whereas that is not the
case the case of Acute
Respiratory
of the respondents 55,3%.
The results are based on
statistical test of chi-square
then retrieved the value of p =
0.00 with thus value p<α, so
there is a significant
relationship between the
respondent's home with a
residential density of Acute
Respiratory Infections (ARI)
events.

D. Conclusion Acute Respiratory

Based on the results of the Infections (ARI) events in
research of related factors residence working area
Against the incidence of Clinics Wiyung Year
Acute Respiratory Infections 2017
(ARI) (Studies On the health 2. There is a relationship
Subdistrict Wiyung year between Acute
2017) who has done it can Respiratory Infections
be concluded that: (ARI) events with
1. There is a relationship ventilation in the working
between the density of

GEMA KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN 6

 area Clinics Wiyung Year Acute Respiratory
2017. Infections (ARI) events in
3. There is a relationship the region of clinics
between Acute Wiyung Year 2017.
Respiratory Infections 7. There is a relationship
(ARI) events with lighting between Acute
in the work area Clinics Respiratory Infections
Wiyung Year 2017 (ARI) events with attitude
4. There is a relationship at work-area Clinics
between air temperature Wiyung Year 2017.
with the occurrence of 8. There is a relationship
Acute Respiratory between action by events
Infections (ARI) health in the region of Acute
centers in the region Respiratory Infections
Wiyung Year 2017 (ARI) Clinics Wiyung
5. There is a relationship Year 2017.
between air humidity with 9. There is a relationship
events in the region of between behavior of
Acute Respiratory Acute Respiratory
Infections (ARI) Clinics Infections (ARI) events in
Wiyung Year 2017. the region of clinics
6. There is a relationship Wiyung Year 2017.
between knowledge of
E. Advice cleanliness of the room
1. For The Clinics outside to avoid
in order to optimize the role infectious diseases are
of health workers as mainly respiratory.
edukator in providing b. For the respondent who
information about the was suffering from flu
environmental factors and and coughing or pain of
the factors of respiratory masks,
RESPIRATORY behavior of preferably using multiply
events break especially naps,
2. For Sufferers Of eating nutritious food and
RESPIRATORY medical treatment to the
a. We recommend that you Ministry of health
keep your environment 3. For other researchers
clean room includes The results of this research
sweeping, scrubbing, can serve as a data base for
and spruce up the information or do research with
wardrobe clothes. As variables and different
well as maintain the research methods.

GEMA KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN 7

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