INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

One of the most commonly used structural material in the Philippines is

concrete. Composed of cement, aggregate, (fine and coarse aggregate)

concrete is a composite construction material. Concrete can be used in

different situation and in wide variety of purposes. In some conditions concrete

typically will not be able to show the required performance of durability and

quality. In order to find solution to this cases enhancing using admixtures and

modifying the typical properties of concrete will make it more adaptable for any

condition and situation (Kumar et al., 2013).

By using admixtures before or during mixing certain properties of

concrete will be enhanced (Kumar et al., 2013). There are 9 types of

admixtures commonly used; these are the accelerators, air-entraining,

corrosion inhibitors, plasticizers, superplasticizers, retarders, bonding agents

and pumping aids. (Graylord et al., 1997). This study focuses only on the air-

entraining admixtures in concrete.

Air-entraining admixtures in concrete were made by mixing a small

amount of air entraining agent or by using air entraining cement. Air entraining

agents will integrate millions of no coalescing air bubbles and will act as

flexible ball bearings. Using air entraining admixture to concrete can improve