Sufe Design and Optvation ofPI-oc.

ess Vents and Emission C o n t i d $wteins

by Center for Chemical Process Safety
Copyright 02006 John Wiley & Sons, Tnc.

APPENDIX

F
PHA HAZOP DEVIATION
TABLE

243
 Table F-1. HAZOP Deviations for Vent Header Systems
Typical GUIDEWORDS
DESIGN I I I I
I INTENTION LESS I REVERSE I PARTOF I ASWELLAS I OTHERl" II
Parameters I I I I
Less or reduced Rovr of vent Reverse Row of Vent Leak. release of Leak, release of vent Complete failure of header line
g&w qaslvawr
. . into connected vent uas/vawr uaslvawr or eauiment
..
vessek I into wolk are& or
I Air backtbws into header atmosphere I I
Hgh pressure in header line or
equipneni Pressure in header line or
r TEMPERANRE High temperature in header kne or
equipneni
Empty, nu level High kvel in KO Tank, Scrubber. Seal
in Seal PoMank Potftankor Separator
or Separator
COMPOSITION No rented More of one mmponent Hgh mole ut ,
malenal present eic

Hgh wncentrabon of Rmmabie,

-t wrrosre orioxic
High wncenisaton of airloxygen in
flammable or to^^
Low wncenlralion
I I nch system
I - Continued pmcess react~onor
n
.w l.~ m e ~ a t i oreaclmn in header
pipng or equipment
ADDITION OF GAS No addlton More addlton
lneR e n r i c h n t
diluenl
- Phase imrsmn in - Two-phase Vewng OCCUR Emulslfkalfon in Separator.
MATERIAL Condensahon orsolidfmtnn occurs Separator or KO Tank Seal Potftank.etc
CORROSION I - Scaling. Acwmulabon - - Scaling. Accumuhlon
EROWN
BATCH PROCESS - - - Sunultaneous emergency -
and normal ventings
 Appendix F - PHA HAZOP Deviation Table

Table F-2. Additional Deviations

Possible CategorieslSources Additional Deviations
Utility Service Failures Electric power
Compressed air
Steam
Water
Inert gas, nitrogen
Maintenance Hazards Equipment under pressure
Equipment too hot
Equipment contaminated
Mechanical seal damage
Exchanger tube leak
Maintenance vehicles contacting
equipment
Operation Hazards Start-up
Shutdown
Abnormal (outside normal design
range)
Emergency
External Events Hazards High wind
Subfreezing temperature, ice
Extreme heat
Heavy rain, flood
Wind-blown dust
Earthquake
Lightening
Sampling Hazards Sampling in difficuit locations
Non-standard sample stations
Contact with material (hot, toxic,
corrosive, flammable)
Human Factors Equipment access
Visibility of instrumentation
Valve height and access
Procedural issues
Control panel layout

245