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A power has two parts, a base and an exponent.
2 is called the base.
3 is called the exponent.
The exponent tells us number of times the base is used as a factor. They are used to
show repeated multiplication.
Try these:
Write as a standard numeral.
1) 32 = ____________ 2) 2 = ____________
3) 2
= ____________ 4) 25 = ____________
7) 33 = ____________ 8) 73 = ____________
1) 15 = _______ 2) 53 = _______ 3) 3
= _______
2
+ 32 = _______ 14) + 28 = _______ 15) 52 + 122 = _______
16) 15 + 2 + 33 2
+ 51 = _______ 23 + 53 + 32 + 35 = _______
a a a a a a a exponent form.
Here, the base a is used as a factor 7 times. So we write a7.
v x 9 x v = 9v2x2
Try these:
Write in exponent form.
7 7 7 7 7 7 7 = _______
3) 6 6 6 6 = ________ 12 12 12 12 = _______
5) 9 9 y y 9 y 9 = ________ c c e e e = _______
7) d a 3 a a = ________ x 1 1 x x 1 1 = _______
9) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 = ________ 5 5 5 5 5 5 = _______
3 35 = (3 3 3 3) (3 3 3 3 3) = 39
Note that 3 35 = 3 = 39.
Here’s a shortcut to use when multiplying powers that have the same base: add the
exponents.
m n
am an = am + n
product of powers.
Try these:
Simplify each expression.
1) 3 6
= ________ 75 72 = _______
5) c5 c3 = ________ 3d d 6 = _______
7) 85 87 = ________ x3 x2 y y6 = _______
)
2 5 2
) 2
) 2
) 2
) 2 2+2+2+2+2
= 410
)
2 5 2 5 10
( 5) = v 5
Let’s do another one: (v = v20
m n:
((am)n = am n
Try these:
Simplify each expression. Write in exponent form.
3) ) = ________
5 3
4) (29)5 = ________
= ____________ 2) 73 = ____________
3) 1 = ____________ 4) 32 + 6 = ____________
5) 3 3 3 3 3 = ________ n n n n n n n n = _______
Here’s a shortcut to use when dividing numbers or variables that have the same nonzero
base: subtract the exponents.
56
52
= 56 – 2 = 5
a
m n :
am
an
= am – n
Try these:
Simplify each expression. Write in exponent form.
1) 332 = ________
8 6
2) 2 = ________
8y6
6) vv9 = ________
10
5) 2y3 = ________
w
8) 7cc3 = ________
9 6
7) 15w3 = ________
Since 23 = 20 and 23 = 1, it follows that 20 = 1, because things that equal the same thing
3 3
2 2
are also equal to each other.
non-zero
(0)
(1).
20 = 1 ( 12 )0 = 1 (x + y)0 = 1
Try these:
Write each expression as a standard numeral.
1) 30 = ________ 2) x0 = ________
5) 50 = ________ 6) 60 = ________
7) v0 = ________ 8) 70 = ________
7 7
1
Notice that 7-2 = is the reciprocal of 72
reciprocal
a7
3-2 = 1 ( 3 )-2 = 16 = a-2 = 12
9 9 a9 a
Try these:
Simplify each expression. Write in exponent form.
12y3
5) = ________ 6) 6aa6 = ________
y6
7) 20w 8) 15x
9
60w5
= ________ x 13 = ________
Simplify each expression.
9) a-3 = ________ -3
= _______
Here, the base 3 is used as a factor 4 times. Then, we take the opposite.
–
3 =– –
81
Here, the base –3 is multiplied by itself 4 times. We do not take the opposite.
(–3) = (– – – –
3) = 81
is positive.
Try these:
Simplify each expression.
Write as a numeral
numeral::
14)
16)
17) 5
= _______________ ___________________________________
21) 9
= _______________ ___________________________________
is a way of writing numbers using powers of 10. A number is
8,500,000 = × 6
to the left until the number you have created is greater than 1 but less than 10.
For the number above, we move the decimal 6 places to the left.
8.500000.
The number of places you move the decimal to the left lets you know what
w power of
10 to use when multiplying the new number. In this case, 10 .
6
Try these:
1) 123,000 = __________________ 2)
5)
notation. ________________________
Light travels at the speed of about 186,000 miles per second. Write this number
A light-year is the distance light travels in one year. It is about six trillion miles.
0.
–
-4
×
Try these:
Write in scientific notation
notation.
3) = ________ 4) = ________
Write as a numeral.