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Abstract: Engine oil has become a very useful and versatile material with a wide range of application. In the
past 60 years, the automotive and industry sector is developing on a large scale and there productivity is raising
up exponentially. Parallel to the growth of these sectors the demand of engine oil and high viscous lubricants
are increasing which leads to the problem of pollution worldwide due to its slow decomposing behavior and
toxic impacts on environment.
Researches are going on to recycle the waste engine oil and produce diesel like fuels with different processes.
This Research covers the production of diesel like fuel from waste engine oil by doing pyrolysis and testing it in
CI engine to check and compare the engine performance.
It is also seen that from 1 kg of waste high density engine oil, about 750ml of fuel can be produced. And, the
produced fuel can be used for domestic purpose, in automotive field, and in industries also. This fuel produced
by pyrolysis of waste engine oil is suitable to use in a diesel engine partially or completely.
Keywords: Waste engine oil, Diesel like fuel, Pyrolysis process, Engine performance testing, Hydrocarbon
1. INTRODUCTION
In the future, waste engine oil can help to address some of the world’s most pressing problems,
such as climate change and food shortages. For example, Waste Engine Oils are used in the
manufacture of rotors for wind turbines and tunnels made from polyethylene can help crops grow in
otherwise unfavorable conditions. As demand for materials with certain qualities increases, the Waste
Engine Oils industry will aim to supply them.
Meanwhile, increasing Waste Engine Oil production and use in emerging economies looks set to
continue, and waste management infrastructure will have to develop accordingly. It produced on a
massive scale worldwide and its production crosses the 150 million tons per year globally. Its broad
range of application is in packaging films, wrapping materials, shopping and garbage bags, fluid
containers, clothing, toys, household and industrial products, and building materials. It is a fact that
Waste Engine Oils will never degrade and remains on landscape for several years. The recycled
Waste Engine Oils are more harmful to the environment than the virgin products due to mixing of
color, additives, stabilizers, flame retardants etc. Further, the recycling of a virgin Waste Engine Oil
material can be done 2-3 time only, because, after every recycling, the strength of Waste Engine Oil
material is reduced due to thermal degradation. It is to mention that no authentic estimation is
available on total generation of Waste Engine Oil waste in the country however, considering 70% of
total Waste Engine Oil consumption is discarded as waste, thus approximately 5.6 million tons per
annum (TPA) of Waste Engine Oil waste is generated in country, which is about 15342 tons per day
(TPD).
The breakdown of Waste Engine Oil waste in an average household is shown in the Figure 1.1. A
majority of Waste Engine Oil is used for food packaging.
1.1. EFFECT OF WASTE ENGINE OIL ON ENVIRONMENT
Indiscriminate littering of unskilled recycling/reprocessing and non-biodegradability of waste
engine oil waste raises the following environmental issues
3. EXPERIMENT SETUP
Various components are used for the whole process and testing i.e.
3.1. REACTOR
The reactor is cylindrical in shape. It consists of two units, one is the main body of side walls and
base, and other is upper cover. The cover is connected to remaining body by using nut and screws. A
gasket is provided between the units to stop fumes leak. The middle of upper unit contains a hole
through which a pipe is welded at 90 degrees to provide as the outlet of fumes. This pipe is connected
to other pipe using a 90 degrees bend connector. That pipe is bended at 30 degrees halfway through.
Another smaller hole is provided on upper unit in which thermocouple is inserted.
The photographic view of the reactor is shown in the figure 2. Around the reactor, heater is fitted.
SPECIFICATIONS
Material Mild Steel
Shape Cylindrical
Height 250 mm
Diameter 200 mm
Thickness 2 mm
3.2. HEATER
The type of heater used is Ceramic Band Heater. It can provide temperature up to 500℃. They are
fixed on the sides of reactor using screws. An insulating material of glass wool is provided over the
plates. The glass wool help us to trap the heat efficiently and to attain maximum temperature. The
heater having the hole for to insert the thermocouple to measure the temperature of the heater. This
help us to maintain the temperature of the heater to avoid the damage or get burnt of the plates. The
Figure 3 shows the heater used for heating the reactor.
Table 3. Specification of heater
SPECIFICATIONS
Max Temp 500˚ C
Voltage 230 V
Power 6000 Watts
Height 220 mm
Diameter 210 mm
5. TESTING SETUP
250
200
150
100
50
0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5
Brake Power (kW)
Fig 12. Variation of brake specific fuel consumption with brake power
250
200
150
100
50
0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5
Brake Power (kW)
250
200
150
100
50
0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5
Brake Power (kW)
CONCLUSIONS
Diesel like fuel is produced and engine performance testing is done. The produced fuel is
having 38425 KJ/kg of calorific value, which is less than as compared to the calorific value of diesel
44800 KJ/kg but can be used effectively in diesel engines.
Waste engine oil can be reused as diesel like fuel and approximately 3/4th of waste engine can be
converted to diesel like fuel easily. It can also be used for domestic purpose and in industry area.
REFERENCES
1] Thermofuel – “ Pyrolysis of waste Waste Engine Oil to produce Liquid Hydrocarbons” Dr. P.V.
Thorata, Miss. Sandhya Warulkara ,Miss.Harshal Sathone, Head of Department , Assistant Professor of
Department of ORGANIC Technology, College of engineering and technology, Akola, Maharashtra,
INDIA, ISSN 2277 – 7164
[2] Using waste Waste Engine Oil oil as a fuel by Naresh Shah and Bhogender
Sharma, Department of Chemical Engineering
[3] Waste Waste Engine Oil Pyrolysis oil Alternative Fuel for CI Engine – A Review Pawar Harshal R.
and Lawankar Shailendra M. Department of Mechanical Engineering, GCOE, Amravati, MS, INDIA,
ISSN 2278 – 9472
[4] Waste Engine Oil to oil Dipak Kumar Shaw, Pranav Sahni, Students of Mechanical Engineering, ITM
University, Gurgaon, India, ISSN: 2278-1684
[5] Waste Engine Oils pyrolysis and coal coprocesslng with waste Waste Engine Oils by M. S.
Mulgaonkar, c. H. Kuo, a. R. Tarrer of Chemical engineering department, Auburn University, Auburn.
Al-36849
[6] Converting Waste Waste Engine Oil to Gasoline-like Fuel at low temperature by Nobiyuki Mikata,
Jude Onwudiliand Paul T. Williams of Energy and Resource Research Institute, School of Process,
Materials, Environmental Engineering, University of Leeds
[7] Synthesis of Petroleum-Based Fuel from Waste Waste Engine Oils and Performance Analysis in a CI
Engine by Christine Cleetus, Shijo Thomas, and Soney Varghese of Department of Mechanical
Engineering, NIT Calicut, Kerala, India
[8] Waste Waste Engine Oil Oil as a Diesel Fuel in the Diesel Engine by Prof Nilamkumar. S. Patel, Mr.
Keyur D. Desai
[9] Pyrolysis and catalytic cracking of municipal Waste Engine Oil waste for recovery of gasoline range
hydrocarbons by Moinuddin Sarker & Saurabh Pandey of department of chemical engineering,
National institute of technology, Rourkela