Hazardous Waste Rules

Hazardous and Other Wastes 
(Management &Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016 as amended

 Definitions
 Identification of hazardous waste
 Regulatory requirements
Contents 

Procedure for handling hazardous wastes
Characterisation of waste
 Disposal path ways
 What is waste?
• “waste” means materials that are not products or by-products, for which the
generator has no further use for the purposes of production, transformation or
consumption. Explanation.- for the purposes of this clause,
• (i) waste includes the materials that may be generated during, the extraction of raw
materials, the processing of raw materials into intermediates and final products, the
consumption of final products, and through other human activities and excludes residuals
recycled or reused at the place of generation; and
• (ii) by-product means a material that is not intended to be produced but gets produced in
the production process of intended product and is used as such;
 Hazardous Waste - Definition
• “hazardous waste” means any waste which by reason of characteristics
such as physical, chemical, biological, reactive, toxic, flammable,
explosive or corrosive, causes danger or is likely to cause danger to
health or environment, whether alone or in contact with other wastes or
substances, and shall include
• (i) waste specified under column (3) of Schedule I;(PROCESSES)
• (ii) waste having equal to or more than the concentration limits specified for the
constituents in class A and class B of Schedule II or any of the characteristics as
specified in class C of Schedule II; and
• (iii) wastes specified in Part A of Schedule III in respect of import or export of
such wastes or the wastes not specified in Part A but exhibit hazardous
characteristics specified in Part C of Schedule III;
 Hazardous and Other Wastes
Rules 2016
• Chapter 1: Preliminary • Schedule I
• Chapter 2: Procedure for management of hazardous and • List of processes generating hazardous wastes
other wastes • Schedule II
• Chapter 3: Import and export of hazardous and other wastes • List of waste constituents with concentration limits
• Class A : Based on leachable concentration limits (TCLP)
• Chapter 4: Treatment, storage and disposal facility for • Class B : Based on total threshold limit concentration (TTLC)
hazardous and other wastes • Class C : Based on hazardous characteristics

• Chapter 5: Packaging, labelling, and transport of hazardous • Schedule III

and other wastes. • List of hazardous wastes applicable for import and export with Prior
Informed Consent
• Chapter 6: Miscellaneous
• Schedule IV
Hazardous and other Wastes (Management & Transboundar • List of Commonly recyclable hazardous wastes
y Movement) Rules, 2016 • Schedule V
•First Amendments Rules, 06.07.2016 • Specifications for used oil and waste oil
•Second Amendments Rules, 28.02.2017 • Schedule VI, VII, and VIII
•Third Amendments Rules, 11.06.2018 • Hazardous and other wastes prohibited for important,
•Fourth Amendments Rules, 01.03.2019 authorizations and list of documents
 Schedule I
List of Processes Generating Hazardous Wastes (38 processes)
S. No. 3 Cleaning,
emptying and S. No. Pe trochemical S. No. 35 Purification and
maintenance of processes and treatment of
petroleum oil pyrolytic operations exhaust air/gases, water and
storage tanks waste water or CETP
1.1 Furnace or reactor residue and
including ships debris operations
3.1 cargo residue, 35.1 Exhaust Air or Gas cleaning
1.2 Tarry residues and still bottoms
washing water and residue
from
sludge 35.2 Spent ion exchange resin
distillation
containing oil containing toxic
1.3 Oily sludge emulsion
3.2 cargo residue and metals
1.4 Organic residues
sludge containing 35.3 Chemical sludge from waste water
1.5 Residues from alkali wash of
chemicals treatment
fuels
3.3 Sludge and filters 35.4 Oil and grease skimming
1.6 Spent catalyst and molecular
contaminated with oil 35.5 Chromium sludge from cooling
sieves
3.4 Ballast water water
1.7 Oil from wastewater treatment
containing oil from ships
 Schedule II

Class A: Based on leachable concentration limits

[Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP)
or Soluble Threshold Limit Concentration (STLC)]
List of Waste
Constituents
Class B: Based on Total Threshold Limit
with Concentration (TTLC)
concentration
limits
CLASS C : Based on hazardous Characteristics
 CLASS C : Based on hazardous
Characteristics
 Class C1: Flammable  Class C8: Organic Peroxides
 Class C2: Corrosive  Class C9: Poisons (acute)
 Class C3: Reactive or explosive-  Class C10: Infectious substances
 Class C4: Toxic  Class C11: Liberation of toxic gases in
 Class C5: Substances or Wastes contact with air or water
liable to spontaneous  Class C12: Eco-toxic
combustion  Class C13: Capable, by any means, after
 Class C6: Substances or Wastes disposal, of yielding another material,
which, in contact with water e.g., leachate, which possesses any of
emit flammable gases- the characteristics listed above
 Class C7: Oxidizing
 Some Characteristics
Explained
Reactive Toxic
Corrosive
Unstable and may explode under Fails Toxic Characteristic Leaching
certain conditions such as heat, Procedure (TCLP) Test pH < 2.0 or pH > 12.5
friction or pressure
Examples: Examples:
Examples:
Heavy metals: mercury, lead, silver, Acids, glass cleaner, hydroxides,
Picric acid, peroxide forming chromic acid, other bases, drain cleaners, other
chemicals, ethyl ethers, dinitro
compounds, other A waste is considered toxic if:
It contains – Ignitable
A waste is reactive if: • toxic heavy metals (such as arsenic, Flash point < 60o
• It is capable of creating toxic barium, cadmium, chromium (VI), lead,
mercury, selenium etc. )
Examples:
gases when mixed with water
• It forms explosive mixtures • pesticides (DDT, BHC, Heptachlor, Acetonitrile, alcohols, acetone,
with water Endrine, 2-4D etc.) toluene, xylene, ether, other
• chlorinated & non-chlorinated
• It is cyanide or sulfide bearing
organics (benzene, chlorobenzene,
• It reacts violently with water chloroform, cresol, carbon tetrachloride,
• It is normally unstable PAHs, Chlordane etc.)
• It is capable of detonation • toxic inorganic compounds
(cyanides, asbestos, halogens etc.)
 Schedule III
Part A - List of Hazardous Wastes Applicable for Import with Prior
Informed Consent [Annexure VIII of the Basel Convention*]

Part B - List of Hazardous Wastes applicable for Import and Export not
Requiring Prior Informed Consent [Annex IX of the Basel Convention*]

Schedule III
Part C - List of Hazardous Characteristics
Explosive, Flammable liquids, Flammable solids, Oxidising, Organic
peroxides, Poisons, Infectious substances, Corrosives, Toxic, Eco-toxic

Part D – List of Metal scrap, paper waste and other wastes applicable
for import and export
 Some more key Definitions
• “occupier” in relation to any factory or premises, means a person who has, control over the affairs of the
factory or the premises and includes in relation to any hazardous and other wastes, the person in possession
of the hazardous or other waste;
• “other wastes” means wastes specified in Part B and Part D of Schedule III for import or export and includes
all such waste generated indigenously within the country
• “transboundary movement” means any movement of hazardous or other wastes from an area under the
jurisdiction of one country to or through an area under the jurisdiction of another country or to or through
an area not under the jurisdiction of any country, provided that at least two countries are involved in the
movement;
“used oil” means any oil- “waste oil” means any oil which includes spills of
(i) derived from crude oil or mixtures containing synthetic oil crude oil, emulsions, tank bottom sludge and slop
including spent oil, used engine oil, gear oil, hydraulic oil, oil generated from petroleum refineries,
turbine oil, compressor oil, industrial gear oil, heat transfer installations or ships and can be used as fuel in
oil, transformer oil and their tank bottom sludges; and furnaces for energy recovery, if it meets the
(ii) suitable for reprocessing, if it meets the specification laid specifications laid down in Part-B of Schedule V
down in Part A of Schedule V but does not include waste either as such or after reprocessing.
oil
 Responsibilities of the
occupier
The occupier,
• shall be responsible for safe and environmentally sound management of hazardous and other wastes.
• shall be sent or sold to an authorised actual user or shall be disposed of in an authorised disposal
facility.
• shall be transported accordance with the provisions of these rules.
• Shall provide such specific information as may be needed for safe storage and disposal.
• contain contaminants and prevent accidents and limit their consequences on human beings and the
environment
• provide persons working in the site with appropriate training, equipment and the information
necessary to ensure their safety

29/04/23 11
 Waste Management
Hierarchy

Most Preferred

Prevention

Minimization

Reuse

Recycle

Energy Recovery

Disposal
Least Preferred
 Form – 1: Application for
Authorization

• (1) Every occupier of the facility who is engaged in handling,

generation, collection, storage, packaging, transportation,
use, treatment, processing, recycling, recovery, pre-
processing, co-processing, utilisation, offering for sale,
transfer or disposal of the hazardous and other wastes shall
be required to make an application in Form 1 to the State
Pollution Control Board and obtain an authorisation
 Form – 2: Haz. Waste
Authorization

On receipt of the application complete in all respects for the

authorization, the State Pollution Control Board may, after such
inquiry as it considers necessary and on being satisfied that the
applicant possesses appropriate facilities, technical capabilities
and equipment to handle hazardous waste safely, grant within a
period of one hundred and twenty days an authorization in Form 2
to the applicant which shall be valid for a period of five years and
shall be subject to such conditions as may be laid down therein.
Form – 3 & 4: Records &
Returns
Every person authorized under these rules
shall maintain the record of hazardous
wastes handled by him in Form 3 and
prepare and submit to the State Pollution
Control Board,
an annual return containing the details
specified in Form 4 on or before the 30th day
of June following to the financial year to
which that return relates.
 Power to suspend or cancel
an authorization (Rule 6)
(1) The State Pollution Control Board, may, if in its opinion the
holder of the authorization has failed to comply with any of
the conditions of the authorization or with any provisions of
the Act or these rules and after giving him a reasonable
opportunity of being heard and after recording reasons
thereof in writing cancel or suspend the authorization.
(2) The State Pollution Control Board, may, give directions to the
person whose authorization has been suspended or
cancelled for the safe storage, such person shall comply with
such directions.
 Storage of hazardous waste (Rule 7)
(1) The occupiers, recyclers,
re-processors, re-users, Contd..

and operators of facilities Provided that the State Pollution Control Board
may extend the said period in following cases,
may store the hazardous namely:-
wastes (i) small generators up to ten tones per annum;
for a period not exceeding (ii) recyclers, re-processors and facility operators
up to six months of their annual capacity;
ninety days and shall maintain
a record of sale, transfer, (iii) generators who do not have access to any
Treatment, Storage, Disposal Facility in the
storage, recycling and concerned State; or
reprocessing of such wastes and (iv) the waste which needs to be specifically
make these records available for stored for development of a process for its
inspection. recycling, reuse.
FORM 8: Labelling of containers of hazardous and
other waste
 Form 9: TRANSPORT EMERGENCY (TREM) card

• The occupier shall provide the

transporter with the relevant
information in Form 9 TREM CARD,
regarding the hazardous nature of
the wastes and measures to be taken
in case of an emergency and shall
label the hazardous and other
wastes containers as per Form 8
 Form 10: Manifest

The sender of the waste shall prepare

seven copies of the manifest in Form
10 comprising of colour code
indicated below and all seven copies
shall be signed by the sender
LIABILITY OF OCCUPIER, TRANSPORTER, OPERATOR
OF A FACILITY AND IMPORTER.

The occupier, importer, transporter and

operator of the facility shall be liable for all
damages caused to the environment or third
party due to improper handling of the
hazardous wastes or disposal of the hazardous
wastes.
Disposal
Comprehensive analysis

Based on Comprehensive analysis

• Disposal method is decided
• Directly land fill
• Land fill after treatment
• Incinerable
• Coprocessing
• Raw material
substitution
• Alternate fuel
Fingerprint analysis
 Flow Pathway of Wastes
Comprehensive Weighing, Recording
Analysis of Waste Waste tracking forms

Waste Acceptance
Criteria Waste Sample Collection
Manifest

Decision on disposal Temporary Storage

Collection &
Finger Printing Analysis
Transportation

Waste receipt at site Waste Confirmation

 Recycling & Co-Processing
Rule 9: Utilisation of hazardous and other wastes.-
• (1) The utilisation of hazardous and other wastes as a resource or after pre-processing either for co-processing
or for any other use, including within the premises of the generator (if it is not part of process), shall be carried
out only after obtaining authorisation from the State Pollution Control Board in respect of waste on the basis of
standard operating procedures or guidelines provided by the Central Pollution Control Board.
• (2)Where standard operating procedures or guidelines are not available for specific utilisation, the approval has
to be sought from Central Pollution Control Board which shall be granting approval on the basis of trial runs and
thereafter, standard operating procedures or guidelines shall be prepared by Central Pollution Control Board:
• Provided, if trial run has been conducted for particular waste with respect to particular utilisation and
compliance to the environmental standards has been demonstrated, authorization may be granted by the State
Pollution Control Board with respect to the same waste and utilisation, without need of separate trial run by
Central Pollution Control Board and such cases of successful trial run, Central Pollution Control Board shall
intimate all the State Pollution Control Board regarding the same.
• (3) No trial runs shall be required for co-processing of waste in cement plants for which guidelines by the
Central Pollution Control Board are already available; however, the actual users shallensure compliance to the
standards notified under the Environment (Protection) Act,1986 (29 of 1986), for cement plant with respect to
co-processing of waste:
D. PHANI RAMA KRISHNA