Conversational Ancient Greek Cheat Sheet

Conversational Ancient Greek
Cheat Sheet
Contents
1 Basic Greetings 23 Pets/Animals 45 Adverbial Numbers
2 Names 24 Prepositions, 46 Colors

Directions, Place-words
3 Where Do You Live? 47 Literary Works
25 Conjunctions and the Like
4 How’s the Weather? 48 Classroom/School Words
26 Adverbs
5 Getting Together 49 Names of Various
27 The Family Languages
6 Discussing, Asking,
Questioning, Knowing, 28 Parts of a House 50 Language and Grammar
Agreeing Terms
29 Eating & Drinking
7 Impersonal Verbs 51 Parts of Speech
30 The Body
8 Work and Leisure 52 Terms Pertaining to
31 Personal Grooming Noun Declensions
9 Hobbies
32 Clothing 53 Terms Pertaining to
10 Sports and Exercise Gender
33 Medicine
11 Music 54 Terms Pertaining to
34 Military/Warfare Singular & Plural
12 Daily Activities
35 Day/Week/Month/Year 55 Grammatical Terms
13 Interrogatives & Expressions Pertaining to Adjectives
Common Questions
36 Adverbial Time 56 Terms Pertaining to Verbs
14 The Intensive Pronoun Expressions
57 Letters and Alphabet
𝜶𝝊𝝉 𝝄𝝇
37 Clock Times
15 𝜶𝝊𝝉 𝝄𝝇 as “Same” 58 Terms Pertaining to Accent
38 Expressing Ages
16 Comparatives 59 Prosody
39 Days of the Week
17 Emotions 60 Demonstratives and
40 Months of the Year Pronoun Paradigms
18 Interjections
41 Seasons of the Year
19 Travel
42 Holidays
20 Technology
43 Cardinal Numbers
21 Money
44 Ordinal Numbers
22 Nature
1 Basic Greetings
Hail! Welcome! Farewell! (sg./pl.) • ἀσθενῶ

χαῖρε/χαίρετε please • εἰ δοκεῖ/παρακαλῶ
And Hello to you too! • χαῖρε καὶ σύ! thank you (sg./pl.) • χάριν σοι/ὑμῖν ἔχω
OK, great, very good, well done (adv.) • καλῶς thank you (sg./pl.) • εὖ ποιεῖς/ποιεῖτε
O male/female friend(s) • ὦ you’re welcome • Ἐμαυτόν σοι ὑποβάλλω
φίλε/φίλη/φίλοι/φίλαι you’re welcome • Ὑπὸ σοί εἰμι
How are you? • πῶς ἔχεις; you’re welcome • Σοὶ ὑπηρετῶ
I undergo, I experience, I suffer • πάσχω I address by name, designate • προσαγορεύω
What ails you? • τί πάσχεις; blessed, happy • μακάριος, μακαρία,
What are you doing? • τί πράττεις; μακάριον
I greet, salute, pay my respects to, welcome • Yes indeed • μάλιστα!
ἀσπάζομαι particle of strong affirmation • νὴ
Any news? • λέγεται τί καινόν; Yes, by Zeus • νὴ τὸν Δία
Tell us about yourself • εἴπε ἡμῖν περὶ allowance, pardon, forgiveness • ἡ συγγνώμη,
σεαυτοῦ τῆς συγγνώμης
I am sound, I am healthy • ὑγιαίνω excuse me • συγγνώμην ἔχε
He’s doing fortunately/prosperously εὐδαίμων Pardon me • συγγνωθί μοι
lit. possessed by a good genius or spirit • I strengthen • ῥώννυμι
εὐδαιμόνως πράττει goodbye • ἔρρωσο/ἔρρωσθε (perf. forms of
I am well/poorly • καλῶς/κακῶς ἔχω ῥώννυμι/ῥώννυμαι)
I am tired, I am sick • κάμνω goodbye, farewell (sg./pl.) • ὑγίαινε/ὑγιαίνετε
I am sick, I am weak (uncont. ἀσθενέω ) •
2 Names
what is your name? • τί ἐστι τὸ ὄνομά σου; Alexander is my name • Ἀλέξανδρος ὄνομά
what is your name? • τί σοι ὄνομά ἐστιν; μοι
I don’t know your name • οὐ γιγνώσκω τὸ My name is Alexander • τὸ ὄνομά μου
ὄνομά σου Ἀλέξανδρός ἐστιν
3 Where Do You Live?
I live, dwell • οἰκέω/κατοικέω πατρίδι οἰκεῖς;

Where do you live? • ποῦ κατοικεῖς; I live in the fatherland Italy • οἰκῶ ἐν τῇ
fatherland, hometown, native city, native πατρίδι Ἰταλίᾳ
country • ἡ πατρίς, τῆς πατρίδος I live in the fatherland England • οἰκῶ ἐν τῇ
In what fatherland do you live? • ἐν τίνι πατρίδι Ἀγγλίᾳ
I live in the USA • οἰκῶ ἐν ταῖς ἠνωμέναις city, city-state • ἡ πόλις, τῆς πόλεως
πολιτείαις Ἀμερικής In what city-state do you live? • ἐν τίνι πόλει
state, commonwealth, republic, citizenship • ἡ οἰκεῖς;
πολιτεία, τῆς πολιτείας I live in the city Philadelphia • οἰκῶ ἐν τῇ
In what city-state do you live? • ἐν τίνι πόλει Φιλαδελφείᾳ
πολιτείᾳ οἰκεῖς; unwalled village or town • ἡ κώμη, τῆς
I live in the state California • οἰκῶ ἐν τῇ κώμης
πολιτείᾳ Καλιφορνίᾳ In what town do you live? • ἐν τίνι κώμῃ
I live in the state Virginia • οἰκῶ ἐν τῇ οἰκεῖς;
πολιτείᾳ Βιργινίᾳ I live in the town … • οἰκῶ ἐν τῇ κώμῃ …
4 How's the Weather?
How’s the weather? (lit. what is Zeus doing?) • τί It’s drizzling • ψακάζει
γὰρ ποιεῖ ὁ Ζεύς; It’s raining • βρέχει
What’s the weather today? • ποῖος ὁ ἀὴρ τὸ It’s raining • ὕει
νῦν; thunder • ἡ βροντή, τῆς βροντῆς
fair weather • εὐδία storm • ὁ ὄμβρος, τοῦ ὄμβρου
It’s fair weather • εὐδία ἐστίν a storm is happening • ὄμβρος γίγνεται
pleasant, glad • ἡδύς, ἡδεῖα, ἡδύ a flash of lightning, brightness • ἡ ἀστραπή,
The weather is very fine • εὐδία ἐστὶν ἡδίστη τῆς ἀστραπῆς
We have sun • ἔχομεν ἥλιον It lightens, there is lightning impersonal •
The sun is showing • φαὶνεται ὁ ἥλιος ἀστράπτει
The sun is shining • ἥλιος λάμπει snow • ἡ χιών, τῆς χιόνος
It is warm • θάλπος ἐστίν It’s snowing • νίφει
burning, glow, heat, fever • τὸ καῦμα, τοῦ It’s windy • ἄνεμος γίγνεται
καύματος A great wind is blowing • ἄνεμος πνεῖ μέγας
there is a great heat • καῦμα μέγα ἐστίν A north wind happens • ἄνεμος βόρειος
cold • τὸ ψῦχος, τοῦ ψύχεος γίγνεται
It’s very cold • ψῦχός ἐστι μέγιστον A south wind happens • ἄνεμος νότος
cold, chilliness, frost • τὸ κρύος, τοῦ κρύεος γίγνεται
It is very cold • κρύος γίγνεται An east wind happens • ἄνεμος ἀνατολικός
winter; storm, stormy weather • χειμών γίγνεται
A storm is happening • ὄμβρος γίγνεται A west wind happens • ἄνεμος δυτικός
It’s clouding up • ξυννεφεῖ συννεφεῖ γίγνεται
It’s clouded over • συννεφής ἐστίν west • ἑσπέριος
east • αντήλιος
5 Getting Together
I am present/I am absent • πάρειμι/ἄπειμι assembly, meeting, company • ἡ σύνοδος, τῆς

I arrive (uncont. ἀφικνέομαι ) • ἀφικνοῦμαι συνόδου
arrival • ἡ ἄφιξις, τῆς αφιξεως drinking party, banquet, group • τὸ
presence, arrival • ἡ παρουσία, τῆς συμπόσιον, τοῦ συμποσίου
παρουσίας I want to chat in Greek • βούλομαι λαλεῖν
group • ἡ ὁμιλία, τῆς ὁμιλίας ἑλληνιστί
I meet, encounter (+dat.) • ἐντυγχάνω
6 Discussing, Asking, Questioning, Knowing, Agreeing
yes/no • ναί/οὐχί I answer • ἀποκρίνομαι

certainly not! • οὐ δῆτα answer • ἡ ἀπόκρισις, τῆς ἀπόκρισις
not at all • οὐδαμῶς It seems to me • δοκεῖ μοι
How is X said in Greek? • πῶς λέγεται Χ (+ acc and inf) I think that …(like Latin puto) •
ἑλληνιστί; νομίζω
it is said X in Greek • λέγεται Χ ἑλληνιστί I don’t know • οὐ γιγνώσκω/οὐκ οἶδα
what does X mean? • τί σημαίνει τὸ Χ ; What do you think? • τί λεγείς;
Do you understand? (sg./pl.) • I discuss with, reason with +dat. • διαλέγομαι
σύνηκας;/συνήκατε; I calculate numbers, I compute, I reckon, I
I understand • καταλαμβάνω/συνίημι consider, I deem, I take into account •
I agree (uncont. ὁμολογέω ) • ὁμολογῶ λογίζομαι
I agree (uncont. συμφονέω ) • συμφονῶ known • γνωστός γνωστή, γνωστόν
I say • λέγω unknown • ἄγνωστος, ἄγνωστος,
I talk, I chatter (uncont. λαλέω ) • λαλῶ ἄγνωστον
I ask (uncont. ἐρωτάω ) • ἐρωτῶ How does he make a living? • πόθεν διαζῇ;
I ask (uncont. αἰτέω ) • αἰτῶ I want (stronger than ἐθέλω ) • βούλομαι
question • τό ἐρώτημα, τοῦ ἐρωτήματος exactly • ἀκριβῶς
unless I am deceived • εἰ μὴ σφάλλομαι
7 Impersonal Verbs
it is allowed, it is possible • ἔξεστι (ν) it is necessary, one must, one ought to do • χρή
it is necessary, it is needful • δεῖ it makes a difference, it is of importance •
(+gen.) there is need of X • δεῖ διαφέρει
8 Work and Leisure
work, labor • ὁ πόνος, τοῦ πόνου worker • ὁ ἐργάτης

I work, I labor (uncont. πονέω ) • πονῶ difficult, hard • δύσκολος, δύσκολη,
work, labor, action, deed • τό ἔργον, τοῦ δύσκολον
ἔργου easy • ῥᾳδιος
I work, I labor, I perform, I do • ἐργάζομαι enough • ἱκανός
rest, quiet • ἡ ἡσυχία, τῆς ἡσυχίας sufficiently, enough • ἅλις
to relax, be at rest • ἡσυχάζω difficult, hard • χαλεπός, χαλεπή, χαλεπόν
leisure, rest, ease • ἡ σχολή, τῆς σχολῆς enough, considerable, sufficient • ἱκανός,
to stop working • παύομαι ἱκανή, ἱκανόν
ἔργων/ἐργαζόμενος lazy, slow, idle • ἀργός, ἀργή, ἀργόν
I go home • οἴκαδε ἔρχομαι Ι sit down • καθίζω
at home • οἴκοι Ι lie down to sleep • καθεύδω
9 Hobbies
What is pleasing to you to do? • τί ἀρέσκει σοι Αἴλουρος, κύων;

ποιεῖν; What is pleasing to you to read? • τί ἀρέσκει
what Greek works have you already read? • Τίνα σοι ἀναγιγνώσκειν;
ἔργα Ἐλληνικὰ ἀνέγνωκας ἤδη; need, necessity • ἡ ἀνάγκη, τῆς ἀνάγκης
what authors do you know? • Τίνας is necessary that +inf. • ἀνάγκη ἐστί
συγγραφέας γιγνώσκεις; to read • ἀναγιγνώσκω
What languages have you studied already? • What book am I reading? • ἀναγιγνώσκω
Τίνας γλώττας μεμάθηκας ἤδη; βιβλίον τί;
what do you study? • Τί μανθάνεις; poem • τὸ ποίημα, τοῦ ποιήματος
what do do most during your leisure time? • strip of papyrus, small book, tablet, letter • τὸ
Σχολῆς οὔσης τί μάλιστα ποιεῖς; βιβλίον, τοῦ βιβλίου
do you have pets around your house? cat? dog? papyrus, book • ἡ βύβλος, τῆς βύβλου
• Ἆρα ἔχεις ζῷα περὶ τοῦ οἴκου; to walk • βαδίζω
10 Sports and Exercise
gym • ἡ παλαίστρα, τῆς παλαίστρας to play • παίζω

I run • τρέχω ball • ἡ σφαῖρα, ας
course, race • ὁ δρόμος, τοῦ δρόμου to play at ball • σφαίρᾳ παίζω/σφαιρίζω
I exercise the body • τὸ σῶμα γυμνάζω playing at ball • ἡ σφαίρισις, εως
gathering, contest • ὁ ἀγών, τοῦ ἀγῶνος ball-player • ὁ σφαιριστής οῦ
11 Music
musician • ὁ μουσουργός, οῦ musical scale, octave • ἡ ἁρμονία, τῆς

lyre • ἡ κιθάρα, τῆς κιθάρας ἁρμονίας
I play lyre • κιθαρίζω harmony • ἡ συμφωνία, τῆς συμφωνίας
lyre player • ὁ κιθαριστής, τοῦ κιθαριστοῦ musical instrument • τὸ ὄργανον, τοῦ
I sing songs • μέλη ᾄδω ὀργάνου
song • τὸ μέλος, τοῦ μέλεος I sing • ἀείδω
rhythm • ὁ ῥυθμός, τοῦ ῥυθμοῦ any muse art, esp music and poetry • ἡ
meter • τὸ μέτρον, τοῦ μέτρου μουσική, τῆς μουσικῆς
12 Daily Activities
I use (+dat.) (uncont. χράομαι ) • χρῶμαι ἀπαντάω τινὶ εἰς τόπον τινά
I prefer • προαιρέομαι letter • ἡ ἐπιστολή, ῆς
It is pleasing to me (I like it) • ἀρέσκει μοι I write/send a letter • ἐπιστολὴν
I enjoy (+ participle) • χαίρω γράφω/πέμπω τινί
skill, art, craft • ἡ τέχνη, τῆς τέχνης pastime, amusement, study • ἡ διατριβή, τῆς
for the purpose of; with regard to (lit. to, towards) διατριβῆς
• εἰς I accept, receive • δέχομαι
enjoy, take pleasure (+dat. or +part.) • ἥδομαι I give • παρέχω/δίδωμι
very, very much, exceedingly, yes, certainly, I usually do something, I’m accustomed to doing
exactly so • μάλα something • εἴωθα ποιεῖν
very much • σφόδρα to wake up • ἐγείρομαι, ἐγρήγορα
unless, except • εἰ μή to get up, rise from bed • ἀνίσταμαι ἐκ τῆς
unless I am deceived • εἰ μὴ σφάλλομαι κλίνης
I ought (+inf.) • ὀφείλω get up, rise from mattress • νίσταμαι ἐκ τῶν
way, manner • ὁ τρόπος, τοῦ τρόπου στρωμάτων
with (+dat.) • σύν get up, rise from bed • ἀνίσταμαι ἐξ εὐνῆς
to visit someone • παρά τινα I try to do +inf. • πειράω, ἐπιχειρέω
I give a party • συμπόσιον παρέχω/συνάγω need, lack (+gen.) • χρῄζω
I go to the theater • εἰς θέᾱτρον ἰέναι I exercise the body • τὸ σῶμα γυμνάζω
I clean the house • τὴν οἰκίαν ἐκκαθαίρω to begin • ἄρχω
I invite friends for dinner • τοὺς φίλους ἐπὶ I owe • ὀφείλω
δεῖπνον καλέω I read • ἀναγιγνώσκω
I meet someone (by chance) • I forget • ἐπιλανθάνομαι
συντυγχάνω/συγγίγνομαι τοῖς I come to the rescue of, come to the help of, help
φίλοις (+dat.) • βοηθέω
I meet someone somewhere (on purpose) • to blame, find fault • μέμφομαι
I sleep • καθεύδω to sell • πωλέω
custom, habit, manner • τὸ ἔθος, τοῦ ἔθεος I buy, purchase • ὠνέομαι/πρίαμαι
OR τοῦ ἔθους I laugh • γελάω (uncont. γελᾰ�ω )
13 Interrogatives & Common Questions
When? • πότε; At what hour? • πηνίκα τῆς ἡμέρᾱς;

Why? • διά τι; How are you? • πῶς ἔχεις;
Where? • ποῦ; What does it mean? • τί σημαίνει;
To where? • ποῖ; What is this? • τί ἐστι ταῦτο;
From where? • πόθεν; What are these things? • τί ἐστι ταῦτα;
How? • πῶς How often? • ποσάκις
14 The Intensive Pronoun 𝜶𝝊𝝉 𝝄𝝇
When using αὐτός as the intensive pronoun, αὐτός is not preceded by the definite article.
the word itself • αὐτὸς ὁ λόγος the man himself • αὐτὸς ὁ ἀνήρ
the word itself • ὁ λόγος αὐτός the man himself • ὁ ἀνὴρ αὐτός
15 𝜶𝝊𝝉 𝝄𝝇 as ``Same''
When using αὐτός as the intensive pronoun, αὐτός is preceded by the definite article.
the same women • αἱ αὐταὶ γυναῖκες the same word • ὁ λόγος ὁ αὐτός
the same word • ὁ αὐτὸς λόγος of the same man • τοῦ αὐτοῦ ἀνδρός
16 Comparatives
better • κρείττων
17 Emotions
I am ashamed • αἰσχύνομαι pity, fellow feeling, sympathy • ἡ συμπάθεια,

I have compassion on • οἰκτίρω τῆς συμπαθείας
I have pity, show mercy • ἐλεέω I feel compassion, have pity on, am moved •
pity, compassion • ὁ οἶκτος, τοῦ οἴκτου σπλαγχνίζομαι
pity, mercy, compassion • ὁ ἔλεος, τοῦ ἐλέου rage, wrath, wrath of the gods • ἡ μῆνις, τῆς
μήνιος
18 Interjections
bless me! (exclamation of surprise) • βαβαί well done! • εὖγε

ah, me! • οἴμοι
19 Travel
I drive a vehicle, chariot, ship, horse • ἐλαύνω I fly • πέτομαι

automobile • ὁ αὐτοκίνητος, τοῦ to go on board a ship, embark • εἰς τὴν ναῦν
αὐτοκινήτου εἰσβαίνω
wagon • ἡ ἅμαξα, τῆς ἁμάξης to disembark • ἐκβαίνω ἐκ τῆς νέως
train • ὁ ἁμαξαστίχος, τοῦ ἁμαξαστίχου steersman, pilot • ὁ κυβερνήτης, τοῦ
train • ἡ ἁμαξοστοιχία, τῆς κυβερνήτου
ἁμαξοστοιχίας I steer • κυβερνάω
20 Technology
abacus • λογιστήριον
21 Money
money (usually seen as plural, as in wages, pay, hire, recompense, reward • ὁ

τὰ χρήματα ) • τὸ χρῆμα, τοῦ μισθός, τοῦ μισθοῦ
χρήματος I pay, I pay a penalty • τίνω
silver, money • ὁ ἄργυρος, τοῦ ἀργύρου I buy, I purchase (uncont. ὠνέομαι ) •
small coin, coinage, money, silver • τὸ ὠνοῦμαι
ἀργύριον τοῦ ἀργυρίου sell (uncont. πωλέω ) • πωλῶ
22 Nature
lake • ἡ λίμνη, τῆς λίμνης tree branch • κλάδος

river • ὁ ποταμός, τοῦ ποταμοῦ bush • ὁ θάμνος, τοῦ θάμνου
earth • ἡ γῆ, τῆς γῆς grass • ἡ πόα, τῆς πόας
open country, field, plain • τὸ πεδίον, τοῦ leaf • τὸ φύλλον, τοῦ φύλλου
πεδίου seashore • ὁ αἰγιαλός, τοῦ αἰγιαλοῦ
sky • ὁ οὐρανός, τοῦ οὐρανοῦ sea • ἡ θάλαττα, τῆς θαλάττης
plant • τὸ φυτόν, τοῦ φυτοῦ mountain • τὸ ὄρος, τοῦ ὄρεος
tree • τὸ δένδρον, τοῦ δένδρου flame • φλόξ
23 Pets/Animals
animal • τὸ ζῷον, τοῦ ζῴου cat • ὁ αἴλουρος, τοῦ αἰλούρου

dog • ὁ κύων, τοῦ κυνός sheep • τό πρόβατον, τοῦ προβάτου
24 Prepositions, Directions, Place-words
with (+dat.) • σύν with, in the midst of • μετά (+gen.)

here • ὧδε/ἐνθάδε/ἐνταῦθα between, among, besides • μετά (+dat.)
there • ἐκεῖ after, behind • μετά (+acc.)
again, from the beginning, from above • ἄνωθεν without • ἄνευ (+gen.)
from home/toward home • οἴκοθεν/οἴκαδε without, apart from • ἄτερ (+gen.)
at home • οἴκοι from, because of • παρά (+gen.)
between (+gen.) • μεταξύ beside, by, near • παρά (+dat.)
before, in the presence of (+gen.) • ἐνώπιον
25 Conjunctions and the Like
and, also, even, both…and • καί since, because, seeing as how, after (time) • ἐπεί
but • ἀλλά as if, as it were, like • ὡσεί
or, than • ἤ therefore, then, (and) so • οὖν
then, next • ἔπειτα therefore • διό
because • διότι in order that (introduces purpose clause • ἵνα
that, because • ὅτι with the result that (introduces result clause •
(+gen.) through (agent) • διά ὥστε
(+acc.) on account of • διά although • καίπερ
(preposition placed after a genitive) on account when • ὅτε
of • ἕνεκα neither, nor, not even • οὐδέ
26 Adverbs
well • εὖ thus, so, in this manner • οὕτω/οὕτως

a lot • πολύ truly • ἀληθῶς
very, very much, yes, certainly • μάλα in like manner, likewise • ὡσαύτως
most of all, especially • μάλιστα with difficulty, hardly, scarcely • μόλις
very • λίαν perhaps • ἴσως
very much • σφόδρα just as, as, even as • ὥσπερ
nearly, almost • σχεδόν together, at the same time • ἅμα
entirely • παντελῶς forward, onwards, further; far off, at a distance,
comparative of πολύς • πόρρω
27 The Family
parent • ὁ γονεύς, τοῦ γονέως συγγενής

I father a child • γεννάω baby, infant, unborn baby, up to age 3 • τό
I marry • γαμέω βρέφος, τοῦ βρέφεος
brother • ὁ ᾰ�δελφός, τοῦ ᾰ�δελφοῦ infant, child • νήπιος, α, ον
sister • ἡ ἀδελφή, τῆς ἀδελφῆς infant, child 3-10 • τό παιδίον, τοῦ παιδίου
mother • ἡ μήτηρ, τῆς μητρός Dim. of θυγάτηρ A little daughter or girl •
father • ὁ πατήρ, τοῦ πατρός θῠγάτριον
daughter • ἡ θυγάτηρ, τῆς θυγατρός a boy, lad 11-12 • μειράκιον
son • ὁ υἱός, τοῦ υἱοῦ a young girl 13-14 • μεῖραξ
boy or girl child • παῖς, παιδός maiden, girl • κόρη
relative (common gender) • ὁ συγγενής, ἡ Dim. of κόρη a girl, maiden • κοράσιον
young man • νεανίας
28 Parts of a House
having three couches, as substantive dining room • τρίκλινος or τρίκλινον

window • θυρίς
29 Eating & Drinking
hunger, famine • ὁ λιμός, τοῦ λιμοῦ I have dinner, supper • δορπέω

ravenous hunger (lit. “ox hunger” βοῦς + bread • ὁ ἄρτος, τοῦ ἄρτου
λιμός ) • βουλιμία bird-related, chicken-related • ὀρνίθεια
cup • τό ποτήριον, τοῦ ποτηρίου fruit • ὁ καρπός, τοῦ καρποῦ
meat, carcass • τό κρέας, τοῦ κρέατος vegetable • τὸ λάχανον, τοῦ λαχάνοῦ
I eat • ἐσθίω food, grain • ὁ σῖτος, τοῦ σίτου
I drink • πίνω food, nourishment • ἡ τροφή
I am hungry (uncont. πεινάω ) • πεινῶ water • τὸ ὕδωρ, τοῦ ὕδατος
I am thirsty (uncont. διψάω ) • δῐψῶ milk • τὸ γάλα, τοῦ γάλακτος
breakfast • τὸ ἄριστον wine • ὁ οἶνος
I have breakfast • ἄριστον αἱρέομαι beer • ὁ ζῦθος
I have breakfast • ποιέομαι ἤ ἀριστάω wine shop • τό οἰνοπώλιον
lunch • τὸ δεῖπνον, τοῦ δείπνου cook-shop, cafe, restaurant • τό θερμοπώλιον
I have lunch • δειπνέω I’m getting hungry • λιμός με λαμβάνει
dinner, supper • τὸ δόρπον, τοῦ δόρπου I don’t have anything to eat • οὐκ ἔχω
καταφαγεῖν wine • ὁ οἶνος
Can I give you something to eat/drink? • φέρε white/red • λευκός/ἐρυθρός
τί σοι δῶ φαγεῖν; (πιεῖν;) beer • ὁ ζῦθος, ου
bread • ὁ ἄρτος, ου table • ἡ τράπεζα, τῆς τραπέζης
butter • τὸ βούτῡρον, ου refrigerator, cooling place • ψυχίον
egg • τὸ ᾠόν, οῦ peel • λεπίζω
cheese • ὁ τῡρός, οῦ roasted, broiled • ὀπτός
slice • ὁ τόμος, ου rice • ὄρυζα
soup, sauce • ὁ ζωμός, οῦ wheat • πυρός
dessert • τὸ ἐπίδειπνον, ου granular, coarse • χονδρός
cake • ὁ πλακοῦς, οῦντος poor wine, vinegar • ὄξος
fruit • ὁ καρπός salt • ἅλς
water • τὸ ὕδωρ, τοῦ ὕδατος sugar • σάκχαρ
milk • τὸ γάλα, τοῦ γάλακτος
30 The Body
finger • ὁ δάκτυλος, τοῦ δακτύλου tall • μέγας, μεγάλη, μέγα

tooth • ὁ ὀδούς, τοῦ ὀδόντος head • ἡ κεφαλή, ῆς
eye • ὁ ὀφθαλμός, τοῦ ὀφθαλμοῦ hair • ἡ θρίξ, τῆς τριχός
face • τό πρόσωπον, τοῦ προσώπου
31 Personal Grooming
toothbrush • ὀδοντοξέστης hairdo • κόμη

comb • κτείς, κτενός, ὁ razor • ξυρόν
mirror • ἔνοπτρον -ου, τό to shave • ξυρέω
comb one’s hair • κτενίζεσθαι τὰς κόμας beard • πώγων
32 Clothing
cloak, mantle • τό ἱμάτιον, τοῦ ἱματίου trousers • αἱ ἀναξυρίδες, ίδων

tunic • ὁ χιτών, τοῦ χιτῶνος I put on • ἐνδύω
upper garment in one piece, worn by women • ὁ I get dressed • ἐνδύομαι
πέπλος, ου I take off • ἐκδύω
sandal, shoe • τὸ ὑπόδημα, τοῦ I put off the clothes • ἐκδύομαι
ὑποδήματος to wear • φορέω
shoes • τὰ ὑποδήματα, ων to put on shoes, to bind under one’s feet •
to put on shoes • ὑποδέομαι ὑποδέομαι
sandals • σανδάλια
33 Medicine
doctor • ὁ ἰατρός surgeon • ὁ χειρουργός, οῦ

I heal, cure, treat • ἰάομαι I operate • χειρουργέω
34 Military/Warfare
army • ἡ στρατιά, τῆς στρατιᾶς ὑσσοῦ

army, band, (in Homer) common folk • ὁ armed band, (Xenophon) company of soldiers,
στρατός, τοῦ στρατοῦ ambush, men ready for ambush, 16-man
weapon • τὰ ὅπλα, ων division of a larger unit • ὁ λόχος, τοῦ
heavily armored footsoldier • ὁ ὁπλίτης τοῦ λόχου
ὁπλίτου trick, deceit, treachery • ἡ ἀπάτη, ης
Macedonian long spear or pike about 13–20 ft. betrayal, treason • ἡ προδοσία, ας
long • σάρισα to betray • προδίδωμι
double-edged shortsword • τὸ ξίφος, τοῦ to kill • ἀποκτείνω
ξίφους to die • ἀποθνήσκω
knife; dagger • ἡ μάχαιρα, ας armour • ὁ θώραξ, ακος
spear, weapon • τὸ ἔγχος, τοῦ ἔγχεος danger • κίνδυνος, ου
light shield used by Thracians • ἡ πέλτη, τῆς to die, pass away • τελευτάω (τὸν βίον)
πέλτης sharp • ὀξύς, ὀξεῖα, ὀξύ
light infantryman with a shield called a πέλτη • blunt • ἀμβλύς, ἀμβλεῖα, ἀμβλύ
πελταστής sheath • τὸ κολεόν, οῦ
bare, stripped • ψιλός, ψιλή, ψιλόν to draw the sword from the sheath • ἕλκω
lightly armed infantry • ψιλοί ξίφος ἐκ κολεοῦ
mass of infantry, battle order • ἡ φάλαγξ, τῆς quiver • ἡ φαρέτρα, ας
φάλαγγος shield • ἡ ἀσπίς, τῆς ἀσπίδος
commander of 1000 men • χιλίαρχος spear • τὸ δόρυ, τοῦ δόρατος
commander of 100 men, centurion • ὁ gladiator, dueller • ὁ μονομάχος, τοῦ
ἑκατόνταρχος OR ὁ ἑκατοντάρχης μονομάχου
I plunder, I snatch, I carry off • ἁρπάζω rebellion, uprising • ἡ ἐπανάστασις, τῆς
javelin • τό παλτόν, τοῦ παλτοῦ ἐπαναστάσεως
bow • τὸ τόξον, ου a watch-post, garrisoned fort, citadel •
archer • τοξότης φρούριον
spear, javelin Latin pilum • ὁ ὑσσός, τοῦ tower • πύργος
35 Day/Week/Month/Year Expressions
day • ἡ ἡμέρα, ας throughout the day • δι' ἡμέρας

daily • καθ' ἡμέραν today • σήμερον
daily (adj.) • καθημερινός -ή -όν before noon • πρὸ μεσημβρίας
every day • καθ' ἡμέραν at noon • ἐν μεσημβρίᾳ
week • ἡ ἑβδομάς, τῆς ἑβδομάδος in the afternoon • μετὰ μεσημβρίαν
month • ὁ μείς, τοῦ μηνός It’s getting dark • σκότος γίγνεται
monthly • κατὰ μῆνα towards evening • πρὸς ἑσπέραν
year • τὸ ἔτος, τοῦ ἔτεος this evening (ahead) • εἰς ἑσπέραν
this year • τῆτες in the evening • τῆς ἑσπέρας
The day before yesterday • τρίτην ἡμέραν the sun sets • ὁ ἥλιος καταδύνει
yesterday • ἐχθές sunset • ἡλίου δύσις
the sun is rising • ὁ ἥλιος ἀνατέλλει in the evening • ἑσπέρας
It’s light • φῶς ἐστιν late in the evening • νύκτωρ ὀψέ
sunrise • ἡλίου ἀνατολή, ῆς at night, by night • νυκτός/νύκτωρ
dawn • ὁ ὄρθρος, τοῦ ὄρθρου In the dark • ἐν (τῷ) σκότῳ
from early morning on • ἐξ ἑωθινοῦ the whole night through • ὅλην τὴν νύκτα
From early on • ἐξ ἕω early in the morning (tomorrow) • αὔριον
At the crack of dawn • ἕωθεν εὐθύς ἕωθεν
at earliest dawn, in the morning • ὀψέ (τῆς tomorrow • αὔριον
ἡμέρᾱς) the next day • ὑστεραῖα
at earliest dawn, in the morning • ἕωθεν the day after tomorrow • ἕνης, εἰς ἕνην
early in the day • πρῴ Next year • εἰς νέωτα
this morning • ἕωθεν Every five years • δι' ἔτους πέμπτου
at daybreak • ὑπὸ τὸν ὄρθρον
36 Adverbial Time Expressions
now • νῦν less frequently • ἐλαττονάκις

just now, lately, the other day • ἄρτι most seldom • ὀλιγιστάκις
soon • δι᾿ὀλίγου/τάχα no longer • οὐκέτι
sometimes • ἐνίοτε again • πάλιν
always • ἀεί after a long time • διὰ μακροῦ (χρόνου)
never • οὔποτε/οὐδέποτε not long after • οὐ διὰ μακροῦ (χρόνου)
still, yet, even now • ἔτι at present • ἐν τῷ νῦν χρόνῳ
often/more often/most often • just as before • ὥσπερ καὶ πρὸ τοῦ
πολλάκις/πλεονάκις/πλειστάκις until when? • ἐς τίνα ἡμέραν; εἰς
seldom, rarely • σπανίως/ὀλιγάκις right away • ἐς αὐτίκα μάλα εἰς
a little while ago • τὸ ἔναγχος in winter • χειμῶνος ὄντος
long enough • ἱκανὸν χρόνον since (Lat. ex quo) • ἐξ οὗ (χρόνου)
37 Clock Times
What time is it? • τίς ὥρα ἐστίν; τέταρτα

It’s one o’clock • ἐστὶ μία ὥρα About 3:00 • περὶ τὴν τρίτην ὥραν
at the first hour • τῇ πρώτῃ ὥρᾳ About 4:30 • περὶ τὴν τετάρτην καὶ
at the second hour • τῇ δευτέρᾳ ὥρᾳ ἡμίσειαν
It’s two (three, four) o’clock • εἰσὶ δύο (τρεῖς, I’ll come at 10:45 • ἥξω εἰς τὴν δεκάτην καὶ
τέτταρες) ὧραι τρία τέταρτα
It’s 1:30 • ἐστὶ μία ὧρα καὶ ἡμίσεια when, at what hour? • πότε/πηνίκα (τῆς
at what time? • πηνίκα; ἡμέρᾱς);
At one o’clock • τῇ πρώτῃ ὥρᾳ the first hour • τῇ πρώτῃ ὥρᾳ
At two • τῇ δευτέρᾳ (ὥρᾳ) around the third hour • περὶ τὴν τρίτην
It’s 7:15 • εἰσὶν ἑπτὰ ὧραι καὶ τέταρτον ὥραν
It’s 1:45 • εἰσὶ δώδεκα (ὧραι) καὶ τρία around half past three • περὶ τὴν τετάρτην
καὶ ἡμίσειαν
38 Expressing Ages
year • τὸ ἔτος, τοῦ ἔτεος νέος εἶ ἐννεακαίδεκα ἐτῶν

age • ἡ ἡλικία, τῆς ἡλικίας More than 20 years old • ὑπὲρ εἴκοσιν ἔτη
of what age? how great? of what magnitude? • γεγονυῖα
πηλίκος, πηλίκη, πηλίκον She is more than a year older than you • πλεῖν
I’m x years old • ἔτη γεγονώς ἢ ἐνιαυτῷ σου πρεσβυτέρα ἐστίν
You’re a young man of 19 years • σὺ δὲ ἀνὴρ How old is she? • πηλίκη ἐστίν;
39 Days of the Week
Day of the Sun (Sunday) • ἡμέρα Ἡλίου Day of Zeus (Thursday) • ἡμέρα Διός
Day of the Moon (Monday) • ἡμέρα Σελήνης day of Aphrodite (Friday) • ἡμέρα Ἀφροδίτης
day of Ares (Tuesday) • ἡμέρα Ἄρεως day of Kronos (Saturday) • ἡμέρα Κρόνου
day of Hermes (Wednesday) • ἡμέρα Ἑρμοῦ
40 Months of the Year
January/February • Γαμηλιών July/August • Ἑκατομβαιών

February/March • Ἀνθεστηριών August/September • Μεταγειτνιών
March/April • Ἑλαφηβολιών September/October • Βοηδρομιών
April/May • Μουνιχιών October/November • Πυανεψιών
May/June • Θαργηλιών November/December • Μαιμακτηριών
June/July • Σκιροφοριών December/January • Ποσειδεών
41 Seasons of the Year
Spring • τὸ ἔαρ Fall • τὸ φθινόπωρον

Summer • τὸ θέρος Winter • ὁ χειμών
42 Holidays
Τhe festival • ἡ ἑορτή Good Friday • ἡ μεγάλη παρασκευή

Christmas • τὰ Χριστούγεννα Easter • τὸ πάσχα
New Year • ἡ πρώτη τοῦ ἔτους Pentecost • ἡ πεντηκοστή
Carnival • αἱ ἀποχρεω Birthday • τὰ γενέθλια
43 Cardinal Numbers
one • εἷς, μία, ἕν sixteen • ἑξκαίδεκα

two • δύο, δύο seventeen • ἑπτακαίδεκα
three • τρεῖς, τρεῖς, τρία eighteen • ὀκτωκαίδεκα
four • τέσσαρες, τέτταρες, τέτταρα nineteen • ἐννεακαίδεκα
five • πέντε twenty • εἴκοσι (ν)
six • ἓξ twenty-one • εἷς καὶ εἴκοσι)
seven • ἑπτά twenty-two • δύο καὶ εἴκοσι)
eight • ὀκτώ thirty • τριάκοντα
nine • ἐννέα forty • τεσσαράκοντα
ten • δέκα fifty • πεντήκοντα
eleven • ἕνδεκα sixty • ἑξήκοντα
twelve • δώδεκα seventy • ἑβδομήκοντα
thirteen • τρεισκαίδεκα eighty • ὀγδοήκοντα
fourteen • τεσσαρεσκαίδεκα ninety • ἐνενήκοντα
fifteen • πεντεκαίδεκα 100 • ἑκατόν
200 • διακόσιοι 800 • ὀκτακόσιοι
300 • τριακόσιοι 900 • ἐνακόσιοι
400 • τετρακόσιοι 1000 • χίλιοι / χιλιάς
500 • πεντακόσιοι 2000 • δισχίλιοι
600 • ἑξακόσιοι 3000 • τρισχίλιοι
700 • ὀκτακόσιοι 10,000 • μύριοι
44 Ordinal Numbers
first • πρῶτος, η, ον ninth • ἔνατος, η, ον

second • δεύτερος, ᾱ, ον tenth • δέκατος, η, ον
third • τρίτος, η, ον eleventh • ἑνδέκατος, η, ον
fourth • τέταρτος, η, ον twelth • δωδέκατος, η, ον
fifth • πέμπτος, η, ον thirteenth • τρίτος καὶ δέκατος
sixth • ἕκτος, η, ον sixteenth • ἑκκαιδέκᾰτος ἑκκαιδεκᾰ�τη
seventh • ἕβδομος, η, ον ἑκκαιδέκᾰτον
eighth • ὄγδοος, η, ον twentieth • εἰκοστός, εἰκοστή, εἰκοστόν
45 Adverbial Numbers
once • ἅπαξ four times • τετράκις

twice • δίς five times • πεντάκις
three times • τρίς
46 Colors
red • ἐρυθρός purple • πορφύρεος

red • κόκκινος orange • σανδαράκινος
light brown • πυρρός saffron-yellow • κροκώδης, -δες
dark, dusky • ὀρφνός color • τὸ χρῶμα, ατος
green (almost yellow) • χλωρός, -ά, ,όν white • λευκός, ή, όν
white • λευκός, -ή, -όν black • μέλας, μέλαινα, μέλαν
black • μέλας, -αινα, -αν grey • πολιός, ά, όν
blue • κυάνεος, ὑακίνθινος strong (color) • ἰσχυρός
dark yellow • ξανθός weak (color) • ἀσθενής
47 Literary Works
The Septuagint lit. The Translation of the Seventy • Ἡ μετάφρασις τῶν Ἑβδομήκοντα
48 Classroom/School Words
school • τὸ διδασκαλεῖον gymnastic school, school • τὸ γυμνάσιον, τοῦ

university • τὸ πανεπιστήμιον γυμνασίου
teacher • ὁ διδάσκαλος, τοῦ διδασκάλου image, likeness, portrait • ἡ εἰκών, τῆς
male student • ὁ μαθητής, τοῦ μαθητοῦ εἰκόνος
female student • ἡ μαθήτρια, τῆς boy, girl/son, daughter • ὁ/ἡ παῖς, τοῦ/τῆς
μαθητρίᾱς παιδός
book • τὸ βιβλίον, τοῦ βιβλίου nourishment, food, rearing, education • ἡ
book • ἡ βίβλος, τῆς βίβλου τροφή, ῆς
page, column of writing in a papyrus-roll, teaching, education • ἡ παιδεία, τῆς
cross-piece, block of seats in theatre • ἡ παιδείας
σελίς, τῆς σελίδος teacher • ὁ διδάσκαλος, τοῦ διδασκάλου
chapter of a book • ὁ κεφᾰ�λαιος, τοῦ male student, male disciple • ὁ μαθητής, τοῦ
κεφᾰλαίου μαθητοῦ
sheet of paper • ὁ χάρτης, τοῦ χάρτου female student, female disciple • ἡ μαθήτρια,
I learn, I study • μανθάνω τῆς μαθητρίᾱς
reed, pen • ὁ καλαμός, τοῦ καλάμου teacher • ὁ/ἡ διδάσκαλος, τοῦ/τῆς
practice, exercise, study • τό μελέτημα, τοῦ διδασκάλου
μελέτηματος I teach, instruct • διδάσκω
49 Names of Various Languages
in Greek • Ἑλληνιστί tongue, language • ἡ γλῶττα, τῆς γλώττης

in Latin • Ῥωμαϊστί the Greek language • ἡ Ἑλληνική γλῶττα
in Hebrew/Aramaic • Ἑβραϊστί dialect • διάλεκτος, ου, ἡ
in Spanish • Ἰβεριστί the Attic dialect • ἡ Ἀττική διάλεκτος
in English • Βριτανιστί common • κοινός, κοινή, κοινόν
tongue, language • ἡ γλῶσσα, τῆς γλώσσης the koine dialect • ἡ κοινή διάλεκτος
50 Language and Grammar Terms
for the purpose of/with regard to grammar • εἰς things to be noted (as exceptions) neuter
τὴν γραμματικήν plural of the perfect passive participle of
translation, interpretation • ἡ ἑρμηνεία, τῆς σημειόω • τὰ σεσημειωμένα
ερμηνείας indirect speech • Πλάγιος λόγος
error, mistake • ἡ ἁμαρτία, τῆς ἁμαρτίας indirect speech • Ευθύς λόγος
51 Parts of Speech
noun • τὸ ὄνομα, τοῦ ὀνόματος adverb • τὸ ἐπίρρημα, ατος

verb • τὸ ῥῆμα, τοῦ ῥήματος conjunction • ὁ σύνδεσμος, τοῦ σῠνδέσμου
article • τὸ ἄρθρον, τοῦ ἄρθρου copulative • συμπλεκτῐκός, συμπλεκτῐκή,
adverb • τὸ ἐπίρρημα, τοῦ ἐπιρρήματος συμπλεκτῐκόν
pronoun • ἡ ἀντωνυμία, ας disjunctive • διαζευκτικός, διαζευκτική,
preposition • ἡ πρόθεσις, εως διαζευκτικόν
article • τὸ ἄρθρον, τοῦ ἄρθρου genitive absolute • γενική απόλυτη
52 Terms Pertaining to Noun Declensions
case, inflection • ἡ πτῶσις, τῆς πτώσεως genitive • ἡ γενική, τῆς γενικῆς

form of a noun • σχῆμᾰ dative • ἡ δοτική, τῆς δοτικῆς
declension, conjugation • ἡ κλίσις, τῆς accusative • ἡ αἰτιατική, τῆς αἰτιατικῆς
κλίσεως vocative • ἡ κλητική, τῆς κλητικῆς
the nominative • ἡ ὀνομαστική, τῆς indeclinable • ἄκλιτος, ἄκλιτος, ἄκλιτον
ὀνομαστικῆς oblique cases • πτώσεις πλάγια
53 Terms Pertaining to Gender
gender • τὸ γένος, τοῦ γένεος feminine • θηλῠκός, θηλῠκή, θηλῠκόν

masculine • ἀρσενικός neuter • οὐδέτερος, οὐδέτερα, οὐδέτερον
54 Terms Pertaining to Singular & Plural
singular • ἑνῐκός, ἑνῐκή, ἑνῐκόν plural • πληθυντικός, πληθυντική,

dual • δῠϊκός, δῠϊκή, δῠϊκόν πληθυντικόν
55 Grammatical Terms Pertaining to Adjectives
adjective • τὸ ἐπίθετον, τοῦ ἐπιθέτου comparative • συγκριτικόν

adjectival • ἐπίθετος, ἐπίθετος, ἐπίθετον superlative • ὑπερθετικόν
56 Terms Pertaining to Verbs
verb • τὸ ῥῆμα, ατος perfect • ὁ παρακείμενος χρόνος

person • πρόσωπον pluperfect • ὁ ὑπερσυντέλικος χρόνος
first person • πρόσωπον πρῶτον voice • διάθεσις
second person • πρόσωπον δεύτερον active • ἐνεργητικὴ
third person • πρόσωπον τρίτον passive • παθητικός
numbers • ἀριθμοί moods • ἐγκλίσεις
singular • ἑνικός indicative • ὁριστική
dual • δυικός subjunctive • ἡ ὑποτακτική
plural • πληθυντικός imperative • προστακτική
tenses • χρόνοι the infinitive • ὁ ἀπαρέμφατος
present • ἐνεστώς optative mood • ἡ εὐκτική, τῆς εὐκτικῆς
future • ὁ μέλλων χρόνος conjugation • ἡ συζυγία, τῆς συζυγίας
aorist • ἀόρτιστος χρόνος participle • ἡ μετοχή, τῆς μετοχῆς
past • παρεληλυθώς χρόνος augment (for past tenses) • αὖξις, -εως
imperfect • ὁ παρατατικός χρόνος
57 Letters and Alphabet
speech, pronunciation, word • ἡ λέξις, τῆς Greek letters • γράμματα Ἑλληνικά

λέξεως vowels • τὰ φωνήεντα
letter • τὸ γράμμα, τοῦ γράμματος consonants • τὰ σύμφωνα
the letters, the alphabet • τὰ γράμματα diphthongs • αἱ δίφθογγοι
58 Terms Pertaining to Accent
for the purpose of/with regard to pronunciation • ἡ ὀξεῖᾰ, τῆς ὀξείᾱς

εἰς τὴν λέξιν grave • βαρεῖα
accent • ἡ κεραία circumflex • περισπωμένη
the acute accent, indicating high or rising pitch • accent of syllable • ὁ τόνος, τοῦ τόνου
59 Prosody
syllable • ἡ συλλαβή, τῆς συλλαβῆς short syllable • βραχεῖα συλλαβή

long syllable • μακρὰ συλλαβή row or file of soldiers, a line of poetry, a verse • ὁ
στίχος, τοῦ στίχου
60 Demonstratives and Pronoun Paradigms
οὗτος, αὕτη, τοῦτο (this)
ἐκεῖνος (that)
αὐτός (he, same, -self)
ὅς (rel. pronoun)
ὅδε (this here)
τις (indef. pron.) τίς (int. pron.)
homeless • ἀνέστιος
dream • ὄναρ
v
difference • διαφορά
umbrella, parasol • σκιάδειον
v city wall • τεῖχος
hole, aperture • τρῆμα
flow • ῥέω
v
ῥεῖθρον, that which flows, a river, stream ὄχθα (-αι, -αις.) a river-bank αἰγιᾰλός, ὁ, Asea-shore, beach,
μέταλλον, τό, Amine, quarry,
προσδέχομαι Ionic -δέκομαι fut. - Ito receive favourably, accept, wait for λῃστής, a robber, plunderer with
parts of the body put mou first like “mou h kephale” the imperfect tense sometimes carries with it the idea of
trying repeatedly to do something νίπτω a late form of νίζω (to cleanse) to wash somebody or something
else...if you are washing yourself, say niptomai
ἐπιμένω, stay on, tarry, remain in place, continue as they are, continue in a pursuit Λιβύη, Libya, the north part
of Africa
ξέω, iω scrape smooth, polish
κολόβ-ιον, τό, Asleeveless (or short-sleeved) tunic, περίζωμα • (perízōma) n (genitive περιζώματος); third
declension 1. A loincloth worn around the waist
χιτωνίσκος χῐτωνίσκος, ὁ, Dim. of χιτών a short frock, worn by men, Ar., Xen., etc.; of women, a shift, Dem.
χῐτών, in Ion.Prose κῐθών, ῶνος, ὁ (also prob. in Sammelb.4291), Dor. κῐτών (q. v.):— 1. Agarment worn next
the skin, tunic. ἐμπίλια [πῑ], τά, (πῖλος) 1. Afelt shoes, Charis.p.552 K.; bandage for horses’ legs, Hsch. s.v.
νακτά. ὑπόδημα, sandal, shoe
πέτασος, a broad-brimmed felt hat
τρύβλιον, a cup, bowl
πρέπω • (prépō) 1. to be clearly seen, to be visible or conspicuous among a number quotations � 1. to be heard
quotations � 2. to smell strong quotations � 2. to be conspicuously like, to be like, to resemble quotations � 3.
to be conspicuously fit, to become, beseem, suit quotations � 1. (in participle) 1. (neuter participle) that which
is seemly, fitness, propriety, decorum quotations � 2. (rarely with a person as the subject) fit quotations � 3.
(mostly impersonal) it is fitting, it beseems, suits, becomes quotations � 1. (with personal accusative and
infinitive) quotations � 2. (with infinitive only) quotations � 3. when an accusative alone follows, an infinitive
must be supplied quotations �
σκευή, equipment, attire, apparel, dress
ἐφημερίς, a diary, journal
κλείω, κλείω, close, shut (verb)
κεκλεισμένον closed
ἀνοίγω, open, cleave, break open
ᾰ�
νεῳγμένον open
grammatodidaskalos = grammar school teacher
grammatikos - high school teacher
palaistra - high school
rhetor or philosophus - college teacher
phoitetes ?
ἀκράτισμα, a breakfast
σταθμός (ἵστημι): any standingplace or thing that stands, hence stall, pen, or fold for animals, also the
shepherd�s lodge, Il. 2.470, Il. 19.377, Od. 17.20; so post, door-post, I (rico) bus stop
prosdokosi wait
περιμένω, to wait for, await
anameno?
ταπεινός, low
ὑψηλός, ὑψηλός, high, lofty
λαοφόρος, bearing people, as in a highway, thoroughfare,
leophoreion (Rico) bus
αὖξις, -εως, ἡ augment (for past tenses)
κοίτη, the marriage-bed
ἀρτίδιον, -ου, τό piece of bread
ῥᾰ�βδος • (rhábdos) f (genitive ῥᾰ�βδου); second declension rod, wand, stick
ἁλιεύω to fish
φύλαξ [ῠ], ᾰκος, A watcher, guard, sentinel, II guardian, keeper, protector,
δρυμός, an oak-coppice; forest
λουτήρ, A washing or bathing-tub,
καπνός, smoke
ταράσσω, to stir, stir up, trouble, worry, distrurb agitate
νῆσσα, duck
κάπρος, the boar, wild boar
κάμινος, an oven, furnace, kiln
θερμαίνω, to warm, heat
ὀσφραίνομαι, to catch scent of, smell, scent, track
ῥῑνός ( A skin of a living person,
ῥίς, the nose
μητρυιά, a step-mother
μάτην, in vain, idly, fruitlessly
παχύς, παχύς, thick, stout
θήκα, tomb
ἐπισκευάζω, to get ready, to equip, fit out
παρασκευάζω, παρασκευάζω, prepare, provide, procure; (mid.) prepare for oneself, make preparations
κλοπός, a thief
στέγη, a roof;
ἀποτάσσω, Att. ἀποτάττω,
Aset apart, assign specially, χώραν τινί Pl.Tht. 153e; detach soldiers, Plb.6.35.3, etc., cf. POxy.475.27 (ii A.
D.):— Pass., ἀποτεταγμένη ἀρχή distinct office, Arist.Pol.1322a26; ἀποτεταγμένοι τῇ κατοικίᾳ χρηματισταί
PFay.12 (ii B. C.): generally, to be fixed, appointed, χῶρος Plu.2.120b; ear-mark, ἀργύριον εἰς δημοθοινίαν
-τεταγμένον IG12(7).515.91 (Amorgos), cf. BCH46.397 (Mylasa). II appoint, settle definitely, Arist.HA585b36.
III remove, exclude, τόπον τοῦ κόσμου Philostr.VA3.35; ἑαυτόν τινων Id.Im.2.19. IV Med, ἀποτάσσομαί τινι
bid adieu to a person, part from them, Ev.Luc.9.61, Act.Ap.18.21, Ev.Marc.6.46, J.AJ11.8.6, BGU884 ii 14(ii/iii
A. D.), Aesop.64, Lib.Decl.45.28; have done with, get rid of a person, POxy.298.31 (i A. D.); ἀ. τῷ βίῳ commit
suicide, Cat.Cod.Astr.8 (3). 136.17: also c. dat. rei, renounce, give up, τοῖς ἑαυτοῦ ὑπάρχουσιν Ev.Luc.14.33;
τροφῇ J.AJ11.6.8; ταῖς μίξεσι, of the Vestals, Sor.1.32; πάθεσι Ph.1.116, cf. Iamb.VP3.13, Phryn.15.
ἅπτω set oin fire
λεπτός, (husked, threshed) fine, thin, delicate, subtle
πίναξ [ῐ], ᾰκος, ὁ,
Aboard, plank, πίνακάς τε νεῶν Od.12.67; εὐγόμφοισιν . . πινάκεσσιν Opp.H.1.194, cf. πινακηδόν; πίνακος
κουρά sawdust, Hsch.: hence of things made of flat wood, metal, etc., 1 drawing- or writing-tablet, = ω 3 board
for painting on, picture, Simon.178, Anaxandr.33.2; π. οἱ γραφόμενοι Thphr.HP5.7.4, cf. IG 11(2).161A75 (De
4 generally, plate with anything drawn or engraved on it, χάλκεος π., of a map, Hdt.5.49,
κατακλείω, to shut in, enclose
πήρα, a leathern pouch, a wallet, scrip
φαινόλη, paenula, thick upper garment, cloak
δοκιμασία, an assay, examination, scrutiny
φυλάσσω guard
διαφορά, difference, distinction
ὁδηγός, a guide
εις τα δεξια to the right
εις τα αριστερα to the left
ὀπίσω, backwards
ἐναντίος, ἐναντίος, opposite, opposing
σκύβαλον, dung, filth, refuse
θρόνος, a seat, chair with armrests
πᾰρᾰ�δειγμᾰ • (parádeigma) n (genitive πᾰρᾰδείγμᾰτος); third declension
pattern, model, plan, paradigm precedent, example lesson, warning argument, proof from example foil,
contrast (grammar) paradigm
glaucon - light blue weak blue
kuanos - darker blue strong blue
ἀνάγομαι set sail middle of ἀνάγω
ὡς τὸ πολύ, ὡς ἐπὶ τὸ πολύ, ὡς ἐπὶ τὸ πλεῖον, ὡς ἐπὶ τὸ πλῆθος, for the more part, commonly,
βέβαιος • (bébaios) m, f (neuter βέβαιον); second declension
firm, steady steadfast, durable sure, certain
ω
ἀλγέω ἄλγος
I.to feel bodily pain, suffer, Il., Hdt., etc.; the suffering part in acc., ἀλγ. ἧπαρ Aesch.; τὸν δάκτυλον, τὰ ὄμματα
Plat. 2.to suffer hardship, Od. II.to feel pain of mind, to grieve, be troubled or distressed, ἀλγεῖν ψυχήν, φρένα
Hdt., Eur., etc.; ἀλγ. τινί to be pained at a thing, Hdt., Soph.; ἐπί τινι id=Soph.; διά τι Hdt.; περί τι or τινος
Thuc.; c. gen., Aesch.; c. acc., ἀλγῶ μὲν ἔργα id=Aesch.; c. part., ἤλγησ᾽ ἀκούσας Hdt.
κίνημα, a motion, movement
κινεματογραφη movie
ἀπεικονίζω, (εἰκών)
Arepresent in a statue, AP12.56 (Mel.); express, ψυχῇ κάλλος ib.127 (Mel.); generally, represent,
Porph.Sent.44:— Pass., to be modelled, Ph.1.106, al.; to be described, 1.561. 2 Med., reflect, symbolize, τὴν
[τῶν ἀπορρήτων] δύναμιν Procl. in Alc. p.25 C., cf. Inst.209, Aristaenet.2.5., take a picyture
δύσις, a setting of the sun, west
pros anatolas - to the east
pros Borran - to the north
pros noton - to the sound
pros dusmas - to the west
προαιρέω, to bring forth; (mid.) to choose, to prefer
πύργος, πύργος, ὁ, tower (noun)
σφάλμα, trip, stumble, false step mistake
graphema - writing implement
molybdos pencil
kalamos pen
kommi eraser
kanon ruler
diagrapho strike through
draw a circle peregraphon kuklon
title - hypothesis
golosokkamon - pencil box, pencil holder
mathema - lesson
selis page
frear hole
hupselos pugon high tower?
meion smaller
meizdon bigger+ plus genitive of comparison
brachus short
makros long
fat/thin paxus/leipton
stene narrow, thin
platun wide?
oikema room in house
kolumbethra deep
purgos tower
hupsilon high
tapeiron low
kardion small dish
parupsis big dish
leptoteron thinner
leios
grammatofulakion
telephonon telephone
psophei rings
kodon bell
psodei to telefonon
tis kalei me?
hetoimos ready
taxin = classroom
skullo annoy harass
plateinon wide
sustelon narrow
bathu deep
barunon heavy
baru heavy
koufotera lighter
kufe light
logisterion calculator abacus
genike apolutos genitive absolute
fronimos - smart
bathmos degree
onestes buyer
dieromai ask
fasko allege assert
poleo sell
kerdos profit, gain
erifos goat
hus sow
agonizomai contend for a prize
agon contest
agonistes combatant, contestant
peplos a full length garment for women
apexo be away, keep off keep back
afronon worried
eudimonos happy
eudumata clothes
onesthesai buy
kareleion restaurant
throxoi cannon
foneuo murder
fonow murder
purobalon - gun
lexis -style
four styles of speeches 1- isxne simple 2 megaloprepes 3 glaphura 4 deine
kompsos - stylish
pinakikion notebook
buo stuff, plug
anago put to sea
meros thigh
dia + gen instrument/means
dia+ acc on account of
aulos - double reed instrument
auleo to play the aulos
monaulow, single pipe, no reed
askaulos - bagpipe
the five parts of a speech 1 inventio /heuresis 2 dispositio / taxis 3 elocutio lexis 4 memoria / mneme 5 actio
/hypokrisis
pegnutai stuck
bellow arrow
homou together, at one time?
skelon
blaptomai hurt
basillisa queen
iris rainbow
akratizdetai to have breakfast
parodos curb
rhume street
fragmos
pule gate
teixos wall
pulon big gate
aule yard, courtyard
apotassomai say goodbye
grammatophulax principal
haptoto phos tourn on the light
o didaskalow erxestai eis ten taxis
i give the lesson i teach th elesson scholas lego
dundiatribo spend time with
peri (school subject in accusative)
kathartizdeo fix
automaton robot
sphirodous play ball
aigallio rejoice greatly
athenizo stare at
luomai wash body people dog
niptomai wash hands
plunei wash dishes, clothes
spongizdei
anahistamai stand up
histamai stop
skeui dishes
plunei ta skeue wash the dishes
kluzdei mop wash
media smile
edaphos floor
helko pull
elauno push
phobeo scare
phobeomai be afraid
orgizdousi make angry
orgizomai be angry
ou diaphorei it doesn’t matter
pote ever
fasko say claim allege
elauno drive
surinx pipe
komizdo fetch convey
apaiteo demand
rabdon wand
mantikos prophetic
liknon winnowning fan
forao search after
spelaion grotto cove
xelone tortoise
thuo sacrifice
helos nail
bursa skin hide
impersonal aprosopon
onoumai buy
diaphora difference
sundesmoi particles
thetikon positive adjective (not comparitive or superlative)
pepaideumenos ?
hupostomatos by heart from memory
dianoia idea thought point
dialuo pay
dapanao spend
tino pay
add eis mia hen to paradigm chart in back
add etos chart
add mountain
before?
kapos garden
nephela cloud
ouranos heaven
protimeo prefer
proteron
πρᾶγμα, πρᾶγμα, πράγματος, τό, deed, affair, thing
ῠ�
φαίνω • (huphaínō)
I weave
weekly ἑβδομαδικός
”Weekly word” logos hebdomatikos
craftsman - tektwn, tektwnos
here enthade
work ergazomai
diktuon net
ago πριν also προτερον
aporos awkward?
to herkos fence
ananke moi +inf I must...
en tois hebdemekonta ... in the lxx
kaiper although
xorton garden???
homos nevertheless
phragmos fence partition
hos an ne as it were, as if
kai e even if
thrma trematos hole
πανταχου everywhere
Etymology
From χρή (khr�, “it is necessary”) Pronunciation more �
IPA(key): /k�rě�.a�/ → /�xri.a/ → /�xri.a/
Noun
χρείᾱ • (khreíā) f (genitive χρείᾱς); first declension
need, want, necessity want, poverty business, purpose (especially military purpose) employment, function use
use, advantage, service familiarity, intimacy maxim
Inflection
exo chreian = to have need
instead of = anti plus the genitive
πᾰρᾰγῐ�γνομαι be there
παραγενήσομαι i will be there

Conversational Ancient Greek Cheat Sheet

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Conversational Ancient Greek Cheat Sheet

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Conversational Ancient Greek

2 Names 24 Prepositions, 46 Colors

Hail! Welcome! Farewell! (sg./pl.) • ἀσθενῶ

3 Where Do You Live?

I live, dwell • οἰκέω/κατοικέω πατρίδι οἰκεῖς;

4 How's the Weather?

I am present/I am absent • πάρειμι/ἄπειμι assembly, meeting, company • ἡ σύνοδος, τῆς

6 Discussing, Asking, Questioning, Knowing, Agreeing

yes/no • ναί/οὐχί I answer • ἀποκρίνομαι

work, labor • ὁ πόνος, τοῦ πόνου worker • ὁ ἐργάτης

What is pleasing to you to do? • τί ἀρέσκει σοι Αἴλουρος, κύων;

10 Sports and Exercise

gym • ἡ παλαίστρα, τῆς παλαίστρας to play • παίζω

musician • ὁ μουσουργός, οῦ musical scale, octave • ἡ ἁρμονία, τῆς

13 Interrogatives & Common Questions

When? • πότε; At what hour? • πηνίκα τῆς ἡμέρᾱς;

14 The Intensive Pronoun 𝜶𝝊𝝉 𝝄𝝇

I am ashamed • αἰσχύνομαι pity, fellow feeling, sympathy • ἡ συμπάθεια,

bless me! (exclamation of surprise) • βαβαί well done! • εὖγε

I drive a vehicle, chariot, ship, horse • ἐλαύνω I fly • πέτομαι

money (usually seen as plural, as in wages, pay, hire, recompense, reward • ὁ

lake • ἡ λίμνη, τῆς λίμνης tree branch • κλάδος

animal • τὸ ζῷον, τοῦ ζῴου cat • ὁ αἴλουρος, τοῦ αἰλούρου

24 Prepositions, Directions, Place-words

with (+dat.) • σύν with, in the midst of • μετά (+gen.)

25 Conjunctions and the Like

well • εὖ thus, so, in this manner • οὕτω/οὕτως

parent • ὁ γονεύς, τοῦ γονέως συγγενής

having three couches, as substantive dining room • τρίκλινος or τρίκλινον

29 Eating & Drinking

hunger, famine • ὁ λιμός, τοῦ λιμοῦ I have dinner, supper • δορπέω

finger • ὁ δάκτυλος, τοῦ δακτύλου tall • μέγας, μεγάλη, μέγα

toothbrush • ὀδοντοξέστης hairdo • κόμη

cloak, mantle • τό ἱμάτιον, τοῦ ἱματίου trousers • αἱ ἀναξυρίδες, ίδων

doctor • ὁ ἰατρός surgeon • ὁ χειρουργός, οῦ

army • ἡ στρατιά, τῆς στρατιᾶς ὑσσοῦ

day • ἡ ἡμέρα, ας throughout the day • δι' ἡμέρας

36 Adverbial Time Expressions

now • νῦν less frequently • ἐλαττονάκις

What time is it? • τίς ὥρα ἐστίν; τέταρτα

year • τὸ ἔτος, τοῦ ἔτεος νέος εἶ ἐννεακαίδεκα ἐτῶν

39 Days of the Week

January/February • Γαμηλιών July/August • Ἑκατομβαιών

41 Seasons of the Year

Spring • τὸ ἔαρ Fall • τὸ φθινόπωρον

Τhe festival • ἡ ἑορτή Good Friday • ἡ μεγάλη παρασκευή

one • εἷς, μία, ἕν sixteen • ἑξκαίδεκα

first • πρῶτος, η, ον ninth • ἔνατος, η, ον

once • ἅπαξ four times • τετράκις

red • ἐρυθρός purple • πορφύρεος

school • τὸ διδασκαλεῖον gymnastic school, school • τὸ γυμνάσιον, τοῦ

49 Names of Various Languages

in Greek • Ἑλληνιστί tongue, language • ἡ γλῶττα, τῆς γλώττης

noun • τὸ ὄνομα, τοῦ ὀνόματος adverb • τὸ ἐπίρρημα, ατος

52 Terms Pertaining to Noun Declensions

case, inflection • ἡ πτῶσις, τῆς πτώσεως genitive • ἡ γενική, τῆς γενικῆς

53 Terms Pertaining to Gender

gender • τὸ γένος, τοῦ γένεος feminine • θηλῠκός, θηλῠκή, θηλῠκόν

singular • ἑνῐκός, ἑνῐκή, ἑνῐκόν plural • πληθυντικός, πληθυντική,

55 Grammatical Terms Pertaining to Adjectives

adjective • τὸ ἐπίθετον, τοῦ ἐπιθέτου comparative • συγκριτικόν

56 Terms Pertaining to Verbs

verb • τὸ ῥῆμα, ατος perfect • ὁ παρακείμενος χρόνος

57 Letters and Alphabet