Victims of crime, especially childhood abuse, are more likely to commit crime themselves.

This
abuse-crime phenomenon is termed the cycle of ______.
a violence
.
b crime
.
c victimization
.
d abuse
.

According to routine activities theory, which of the following is considered a motivated

offender?
a Addict population
.
b Casual offenders
.
c Juveniles
.
d Those living in poverty
.

The long-term stress associated with crime victimization resulting in depression, anxiety,
flashbacks, and recurring nightmares is called ______.
a psychosis anxiety
.
b disassociation disorder
.
c victimization anxiety
.
d posttraumatic stress disorder
.

The treatment rape survivors receive from legal, medical, and mental health services is
sometimes so destructive that victims cannot help feeling _____.
a re-tried
.
b re-pained
.
c re-raped
.
d re-blamed
.

The view that victimization results from the interaction of three everyday factors—the
availability of suitable targets, the absence of capable guardians, and the presences of motivated
offenders—is called _____ theory.
a routine activities
.
b deviant place
.
c victim precipitation
.
d lifestyl
.

Which of the following best describes what a victimologist is?

a A criminologist who studies the causes of criminal behavior
.
bA criminologist who focuses on the victims of crime
.
cA professor who studies all of human society
.
dA victim of crime who focuses on criminology
.

Females are ___ times more likely than males to be victims of rape and sexual assault.
a ten
.
b two
.
c six
.
d four
.

Because elderly often live on their own and may appear lonely, they are more susceptible to
______.
a robbery
.
b arson
.
c fraud
.
d rape
.

Gender affects victimization risk. Which of the following is a significant gender difference?
a. Men
are
less
likel
y to
be
victi
ms
of
viol
ent
crim
 e.
b. Wo
men
are
mor
e
likel
y to
be
victi
ms
of
robb
ery.
c. Wo
men
are
mor
e
likel
y to
be
victi
miz
ed
by
som
eon
e
they
kno
w.
d. Wo
men
are
mor
e
likel
y to
be
victi
miz
ed
by a
stra
nger
 .

Victim risk diminishes rapidly after age ______.

a 30
.
b 35
.
c 40
.
d 25
.

According to Kathryn McCollister, which of the following crimes imposes a total cost of almost
$9 million per crime?
a. Mur
der
b. Hou
seho
ld
burg
lary
c. Rob
bery
d. Rap
e/se
xual
assa
ult

Counselors who help victims to understand the operations of the criminal justice system, who
guide victims through the justice process, and who may provide transportation to and from court
are called victim _____.
a. advi
sors
b. com
pens
ator
s
c. reco
ncil
 ers
d. adv
ocat
es

According to deviant place theory, the greater their exposure to dangerous places, the more likely
people will become victims of crime and violence. Which factor does not characterize a
deviant/dangerous place?
a. A
neig
hbor
hoo
d
with
com
mer
cial
and
resi
dent
ial
prop
ertie
s
b. A
poor
neig
hbor
hoo
d
c. A
neig
hbor
hoo
d
with
edu
cati
onal
and
resi
dent
ial
prop
ertie
 s
d. A
high
ly
tran
sien
t
neig
hbor
hoo
d

Mediated face-to-face encounters between victims and their attackers that are designed to
produce restitution agreements are called _____ programs.
a. victi
m–
offe
nder
reco
ncili
atio
n
b. trial
dive
rsio
n
c. alter
nati
ve
disp
ute
reso
lutio
n
d. reci
divi
st
prev
enti
on

Beth was a victim of childhood physical and sexual abuse. She is now 40 years old and is a well-
respected journalist who works for a nationally known magazine. She also travels around the
country speaking to crime victims. Beth conducts a lot of research on children of abuse.
According to the published research on children who are abused, which of the following is not a
likely characteristic of victims?
a. Suff
er
low
er
self-
este
em
b. Are
abus
ed
as
adul
ts
c. Hav
e
succ
essf
ul
care
ers
d. Are
mor
e
suic
idal
as
adul
ts