Design Of Retaining Wall

@ Bhagalpur

DESIGN OF R.C.C. CANTILEVER RETAINING WALL

DATA
Height of embankment above G.L. = 1.15 m
3
Density of soil γe = 18 kN/m
2
SBC of soil qa = 82 kN/m 300 mm surcharge hs = 0.83
Coeffcient of friction µ = 0.5 m
Angle of Repose (Angle of shearing resistance φ) = 30 deg
2
Surcharge Pressure Ws = 15 kN/m
Equivalent height of surcharge hs = 0.833 m
2 W2
Grade of Concrete = 25 N/mm
Grade of Steel = 500 N/mm2 1.15 m Pa1 h' =
Earth pressure coeifficients h = 1.16 m W1 1.99
Ca Ca= (1- sin φ) / (1+ sin φ) = 0.333 Pa2 m
W3
Cp Cp= (1+ sin φ) / (1- sin φ) = 3
h/2
PRELIMINARY PROPORTIONS h/3
Minimum depth of foundation = 0.5 m 0.01 m 300 mm
Provide depth of foundation = 0.01 m
W4
Overall depth of Wall 'h' = 1.16 m
Thickness of Base Slab = 159.4667 mm 450
Provide Thickness of Base Slab = 450 mm mm 0.475 X = 0.725
Stem Thickness ( Assume) = 300 mm m m Ca x γe x h
Stem Thickness at Top = 300 mm Ca x γe x hs = Ca x Ws
Required Width of Base Slab 'W' = 0.997 m 1.2 m
Required Projection 'X' = 0.66 m
Provide Required Width of Base Slab 'W' = 1.2 m
Provide Projection 'X' = 0.725 m

STABILITY AGAINST OVERTURNING (a) Forces on Wall (With preliminary proportions)

Force due to Active Pressure Pa Pa = Ca x γe x (h')2 / 2 = 12 kN
Pa1 Pa1= Ca x Ws x h = 6 kN
Pa2 = Ca x γe x (h)2 / 2
Pa2 = 4 kN
Overturning Moment Mo Mo = Pa1 x (h/2) + Pa2 x (h/3) = 4.9 kN-m (per m length of wall)

Force (kN) Distance from Heel Moment (kN-m)

W1 = 11.8 0.2125 = 3
W2 = 5.33 0.58 = 3
W3 = 0.0 0.43 = 0
W4 = 13.5 0.6 = 8
Wi = 31 Mw = 14

Distance of vertical force from Heel Xw = Mw/Wi = 0.441 m

Stabilising Moment at Toe Mr = Wi ( W-Xw) = 24 kN-m (per m length of wall)
(FS) overturning = 0.9 Mr/Mo = 4.3 Overturning Check Statisfied
Mo = 4.924896 kN-m/m
SOIL PRESSURE AT FOOTING BASE 0.441 m
Resultant vertical reaction = R = Wi = 31 kN
Distance from heel Lr = (Mw + Mo)/R = 0.600 m
Eccentricity e = Lr - W/2 = 0.100 m OK W = 31 kN/m
Pressure at Base
Pmax = 39 kN/m2 < than SBC hence ok
Pmin = 13 kN/m2 39 13
kN/m2 kN/m2
STABILITY AGAINST SLIDING 0.6 m
Sliding Force Pa = Pa1 +Pa2 = 10 kN R=W
Resisting Force F = µ R ( Ignoring passive pressure = 16 kN Xr = 0.598333333333333 m
on toe side) (b) Pressure distribution diagram
(FS)Sliding = 0.9F/Pa cos θ = 1.42 OK
Shear Check Satisfied
0.3 m neglect 0.475 m
Size of Shear Key
Height = 0 mm
Breadth = 0 mm h1 -0.29
Distance from Toe = 0 mm h2 = -0.29 0.01 m
Pp = Cp x γe x (h22-h12)/2 = 0 kN h1
Therefore, h2
(FS)Sliding = 1.42 Stabilty Check satisfied Pp 30deg 0 m

0m

Toe 0 Heel
m
1.2 m

(c) Design of Shear Key

 Design Of Retaining Wall
@ Bhagalpur

DESIGN OF TOE SLAB

The net pressures, acting upward, are obtained by reducing the uniformly distributed
self weight of the toe slab from the gross pressures at the base. 0.3
Self weight loading = 11.25 kN/m2 0.475 m 0.6
m m
Effective depth 'd' = 365 mm
Vu = 1.5 x (28+19)/2 x (0.475-0.365) = 3.8 kN/m 11.25 39.03
Mu = 1.5 x [(19x0.475x/2)+(28-19)x0.5x0.475x0.475x2/3] = 4.2 kN-m/m kN/m2 kN/m2

k = Mu/bd2 = 0.031 N/mm 2

pt = 0.007 %
Ast = 26 mm2/m 13
Dia of Bar = 78.5 mm 39 kN/m2
Spacing = 2997 mm kN/m2
Provided spacing = 150 mm
Check for shear 30 24
Tv = 0.01 N/mm 2 kN/m2 kN/m2
Tc = 0.285 N/mm 2
Provide Nominal Shear Reinforcement 26 26
kN/m2
DEVELOPMENT LENGTH 28 19
Ld = (Ø x σs) / (4 x Tbd) 28
kN/m2 15 15
Ø = Dia of bar = 10 mm 19 kN/m2
σs = 0.87 x fy = 435 kN/m2

Net soil pressures acting along base slab

DESIGN OF HEEL SLAB

The distributed loading acting downward on the heel slab is given by
1) Overburden + Surcharge @18 x(1.994 - 0.45) = 27.78 kN/m2
2) Heel slab @ 25 x 0.45 = 11.25 kN/m2
Vu = 1.5 x (26+15)/2 x 0.6 = 18.5 kN/m
Mu = 1.5 x [(15x0.6x0.6/2+(26-15)x0.5 x 0.6x0.6x2/3] 5.4 kN-m/m

k = Mu/bd2 = 0.040 N/mm2

pt = 0.009 %
Ast = 34 mm2/m
Dia of Bar = 113 mm
Spacing = 3333 mm
Provided Spacing = 150 mm
Check for shear
Tv = 0.05 N/mm2
Tc = 0.33 N/mm2
Provide Nominal Shear Reinforcement

DESIGN OF VERTICAL STEM

Height of cantilever above base 'h' = 0.71 m
Effective depth = 240 mm
Bending Moment Mu = 1.5[Ca x Ws x h 2/2 + Ca x γe x h3/6] = 2.4 kN-m/m
k = Mu/bd2 = 0.04
pt = 0.010 %
Ast = 23 mm2/m
Dia of Bar = 113 mm
Spacing = 4848 mm
Provided Spacing = 150 mm
Check for shear at Base
Critical section is at d = 0.24 m above base i.e at Zs = 0.71 - 0.24m = 0.47 m below top edge
Shear force at critical section = 1.5 x[ Ca x Ws x Zs + Ca x γs x Zs 2/2] = 4.5 kN/m
Tv = 0.019 N/mm2
Tc = 0.405 N/mm2
Provide Nominal Shear Reinforcement

TEMPERATURE AND SHRINKAGE REINFORCEMENT

Provide two-thirds of (Horizontal) bars near the front face remaining one-third near the rear face.
For the lowermost one-third height of the stem above base,
Ast = (0.0012 x 1000 x 300) x 2/3 = 240 mm2/m

Bar Dia = 10 mm
Spacing Required = 327 mm
Provided Spacing = 150 mm

Provide
10 dia @150C/C near front face and In the lowermost one-third height of the wall
10 dia @300C/C near rear face

10 dia @300C/C near front face and In the midlle one-third height of the wall
10 dia @600C/C near front face and

10 dia @450C/C near front face and In the top one-third height of the wall
10 dia @900C/C near front face and
 Design Of Retaining Wall
@ Bhagalpur

SUMMARY 0 mm
300 mm

Fck = 25 N/mm2
Fy = 500 N/mm2
Depth of foundation = 0.01 m Y10 @ 450 mm C/C Y10 @ 900 mm C/C 200
Thickness of Base Slab = 450 mm mm
Stem Thickness Bottom = 300 mm Y12 @ 450 mm C/C
Stem Thickness at Top = 300 mm

FS against overturning = 4.3 OK 1.15 m

Pmax = 39 OK
Pmin = 13 Y10 @ 300 mm C/C Y10 @ 600 mm C/C 200
FS against sliding = 1.42 OK mm
Y12 @ 300 mm C/C

Y10 @ 150 mm C/C Y10 @ 300 mm C/C

Y10 @ 300 mm C/C Y12 @ 150 mm C/C

0.01 m Y12 @ 150 mm C/C

450
mm

Y10
Y10 @ 150 mm C/C 0 mm

0 0
mm mm

1200
mm