GMax T3

Operation and maintenance manual

ORIGINAL INSTRUCTIONS
SECTION
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Valid for tractors equipped with
TRACTOR IDENTIFICATION
cab or ROPS models: INTRODUCTION, WARRANTY
1
GMax T3
125T3 SAFETY NOTES
135T3
145T3 2
165T3
180T3 INSTRUMENTS AND CONTROLS

OPERATION

4
ROUTINE MAINTENANCE

5
SPECIFICATIONS

ALPHABETICAL INDEX

Argo Tractors S.p.A.

42042 Fabbrico [RE] Italia
via G. Matteotti, 7
t. +39.0522.656111 - f. +39.0522.656476
webmaster@argotractors.com Publication N.  6513275M1
www.argotractors.com Release 07/2012

1-1
This manual was compiled in compliance with the the ISO 3600 standards and the here contained instructions
comply the requirements of the Machinery Directive 2006/42/EC in force in the European Community. For trac-
tors sold or used outside the European Community, local laws will prevail.

Main protections on the tractors discussed in this manual.

CAB

ROPS (protection against overturning) YES

FOPS (protection against objects falling from above) YES
OPS (protection against penetration of objects from sides) NO
Protection against hazardous chemicals CLASS 1*

* Complying to EN 15695-1:2009

This operation and service manual is valid for all countries and all models. It contains photos, notes and direc-
tions both for standard and optional equipment. Therefore it can give details for parts not installed on your
tractor with respect to the local laws in force and according to ordered optional equipment.
The tractor is supplied complete with safety devices according to national or international laws. For your own
safety, please always use correctly such devices and check them for function. If you have any doubts concer-
ning their operation or use, do not hesitate to ask your Dealer for details.

WARNING: If the tractor is fitted with a cab that is

not approved by the tractor’s maker, the warranty
concerning the modified functional units becomes
null and void (safety frame, electric and hydraulic
systems, etc.). Further, it is not possible to check
for compliance with noise level standards and with
technical approvals.

CALIFORNIA
Proposition 65 Warning

Diesel engine exhaust and some of its

constituents are known to the State
of California to cause cancer, birth
defects, and other reproductive harm.

1-2
Table of contents Page n.
Section 1 Contents................................................................................................ 1-3
Tractor identification.............................................................................. 1-6
Introduction........................................................................................... 1-7
Warranty, pre-delivery inspections and installation.............................. 1-7 1
Warranty claim....................................................................................... 1-8
Spare parts warning.............................................................................. 1-8
If you move............................................................................................ 1-8
Post-warranty service............................................................................ 1-8
Safety..................................................................................................... 1-8

Section 2 Safety Notes.......................................................................................... 2-1

Regular use............................................................................................ 2-1
Safety alert symbols and terms............................................................ 2-2
Safety - tractor and implement............................................................. 2-2
Safety - Introduction ............................................................................. 2-2
Safety - Advice for the operator............................................................ 2-2
Safety - Danger, Warning and Caution.................................................. 2-3
Safety - Decals....................................................................................... 2-3
Safety - Following a safety program..................................................... 2-3
Safety - Cab........................................................................................... 2-4
Safety precautions................................................................................ 2-5
Check your equipment.......................................................................... 2-7
Cleaning the tractor............................................................................... 2-8
Save the environment........................................................................... 2-8
Safety - Tractor maintenance................................................................ 2-8
Safety - Starting up................................................................................ 2-9
Working in safety................................................................................. 2-11
Correct manoeuvres............................................................................ 2-11
Working in safety................................................................................. 2-11
Beware of other people...................................................................... 2-12
Risk of overturning.............................................................................. 2-13
To avoid side overturning.................................................................... 2-13
To avoid back overturning................................................................... 2-15
Dangerous operations......................................................................... 2-17
Implements and attachments............................................................. 2-18
Road transport..................................................................................... 2-19
Road circulation rules.......................................................................... 2-19
Safety - After use................................................................................. 2-20
Additional notes.................................................................................. 2-21
Risks from noise.................................................................................. 2-22
Positions of safety decals - All markets ............................................. 2-23

Section 3 Instruments and controls...................................................................... 3-2
Instrument panel................................................................................... 3-4
Control panel on dashboard.................................................................. 3-6
Tractor access..................................................................................... 3-12
Cab...................................................................................................... 3-13
Air conditioning - Heating . ................................................................. 3-15
Seat...................................................................................................... 3-17
Operator present sensor..................................................................... 3-18
Second passenger seat....................................................................... 3-18
Miscellaneous..................................................................................... 3-19

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 Table of contents Page n.

Section 4 Operation............................................................................................... 4-1

Starting and stopping the engine.......................................................... 4-2
Starting the tractor................................................................................ 4-3
Clutch.................................................................................................... 4-4
Gearbox................................................................................................. 4-5
Ground speed tables - Speedsix........................................................... 4-8
Electrohydraulic Power take-off.......................................................... 4-10
Brakes.................................................................................................. 4-16
Differential lock................................................................................... 4-18
2WD..................................................................................................... 4-18
4WD front axle - Adjusting the steering angle.................................... 4-19
Front wheel track adjustment............................................................. 4-21
Rear wheel track adjustment.............................................................. 4-22
Wheels and tyres................................................................................. 4-26
Wheel removing procedure................................................................. 4-26
Tyre inflation procedure....................................................................... 4-27
Ballast.................................................................................................. 4-28
Towing devices.................................................................................... 4-31
Three-point linkage.............................................................................. 4-35
Mechanically controlled hydraulic power lift...................................... 4-38
Auxiliary control valves........................................................................ 4-43
Tractor transport.................................................................................. 4-45

Section 5 Routine maintenance............................................................................ 5-1

Routine maintenance table................................................................... 5-2
Lubrication and maintenance................................................................ 5-4
Running in............................................................................................. 5-4
Oil and fuel filling in............................................................................... 5-6
Access for inspection and maintenance............................................... 5-8
Maintenance at request........................................................................ 5-9
Bleeding air from the brake system.................................................... 5-17
Routine maintenance, 100 hours........................................................ 5-21
Routine maintenance, 250 hours........................................................ 5-23
Bleeding air from the fuel system....................................................... 5-27
Routine maintenance, 500 hours........................................................ 5-28
Routine maintenance, 1000 hours...................................................... 5-30
Routine maintenance, 2000 hours...................................................... 5-38
General maintenance.......................................................................... 5-41
Air conditioning system...................................................................... 5-43
Cab linings........................................................................................... 5-44
Cab air filter......................................................................................... 5-45

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Tabel of contents Page n.

Electric system.................................................................................... 5-49

Battery................................................................................................. 5-49


Starter motor....................................................................................... 5-51
Alternator............................................................................................. 5-51
1
Headlights........................................................................................... 5-52
Fuses and relays................................................................................. 5-53
Trailer power socket............................................................................ 5-55
Long idle periods................................................................................. 5-57

Section 6 Tractor specifications............................................................................ 6-1

Weights and dimensions....................................................................... 6-2
Engine.................................................................................................... 6-4
Transmission......................................................................................... 6-6
Differential lock..................................................................................... 6-7
Power take-off....................................................................................... 6-7
Brakes.................................................................................................... 6-7
Track adjustment................................................................................... 6-7
Steering components............................................................................ 6-8
4WD front axle...................................................................................... 6-8
Hydraulic system................................................................................... 6-9
Hydraulic power lift............................................................................... 6-9
Three-point linkage................................................................................ 6-9
Auxiliary control valves........................................................................ 6-10
Towing devices.................................................................................... 6-10
Cab...................................................................................................... 6-10
Seat...................................................................................................... 6-10
Bonnet................................................................................................. 6-10
Electrical system................................................................................. 6-11
Optional extras.................................................................................... 6-12
Noise levels......................................................................................... 6-13
Vibration levels.................................................................................... 6-14
‘CE’ Declaration of Conformity............................................................ 6-15
Issue of authorization.......................................................................... 6-16
Weights............................................................................................... 6-16
Lubricant and fuel chart...................................................................... 6-18
4WD front axle Mod.145-165-180 with brakes in final drives............. 6-19
Front Power Take-Off - Front hitch...................................................... 6-23
Trailer air brakes.................................................................................. 6-31
Implement attachment points............................................................. 6-33

Section 7 Alphabetical index................................................................................. 7-1

Contents Directive 2010/52/EC............................................................. 7-5

1-5
Tractor identification
Machine identification data
The tractor and its main components are identified
by serial numbers and/or manufacturing codes. Here
under the positions of the various identification data
are illustrated.

NOTE: Identification data should be communicated to your

Dealer for requests of spare parts or service.

Tractor identification plate (Fig.1-1)

The manufacturer’s plate is placed on the right-hand side
on the front of the tractor and features the following data:
- Manufacturer Fig.1-1 Tractor identification plate
- Machine type
- Number of authorization for road circulation
- Frame number
- Manufacturing year
- Weights
- Rated engine power in kW
- CE mark

Other data are indicated on the authorization certificate.

Tractor identification number

The vehicle identification number is punched both on the
data plate and on the right-hand front side of the weight
frame. (Fig.1-2.)

Tractor identification data

The engine has its own serial number stamped on the
engine data plate (Fig.1-3).
Fig.1-2 Tractor type and chassis serial number (on
IMPORTANT: Keep with care this operation and mainte- radiator core support).
nance manual on your tractor. Before driving or operating
your tractor, it is mandatory to read this manual very ca-
refully, with special attention to the chapter concerning
safety rules. Keep the manual always ready at hand in
the manual storage compartment for easier reference.
If the tractor should be used also by persons that do not
understand the language of the country, the employer (or
the machine user) must translate the operating instructions
in the language understood by these operators. (Fig. 1-4).

Fig.1-3 Engine serial number

Fig.1-4

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INTRODUCTION
NOTE: This manual is distributed with tractors all over
the world. The equipment indicated as standard or
optional may vary according to the country where the
tractor operates. Please ask your Dealer for full details of
the equipment available in your country.
The purpose of this book is to enable the owner and
driver to operate the tractor in a safe manner. Provided
that the instructions are followed carefully, the equip-
ment will give years of service in our tradition.
If you should not understand any part of this booklet,
please do not hesitate to ask your Dealer for advice, as
these instructions must be correctly understood and
complied with. It is advisable to perform a daily mainte-
nance routine and to keep a register to record the work
hours of the machine.
When new parts are required it is important that only
genuine service parts are used. Authorized Dealers sup-
ply genuine parts and can give advice regarding their
fitment and use. . Customers are therefore required to
buy their service parts only from an authorized Dealer.
These tractors are designed exclusively for normal
an typical agricultural operations, following the ope-
rating instructions contained in this manual.
THE TRACTOR IS UNSUITABLE FOR USE IN FORE-
STAL OPERATIONS.
It may become suitable for such use if a forestal kit
is installed which is CE marked and approved and
whose installation is approved by the manufacturer.
The installation and modification of the tractor
must be carried out with the highest technical
standards by specialised workshops with qualified
personnel. Such workshops must be able to gua-
rantee and attest the risk analysis provided for in
the Machinery Directive 2006/42/EC concerning the
foreseen and predictable use of the tractor for fore-
stal work and environment, in order to carry out all
required adaptations of the tractor. This specific fo-
restal kit must protect the driver’s seat from falling
and penetrating objects.
Use in any other way is considered as contrary to the
intended use. The Manufacturer of the tractor accepts
no liability for any damage or injury resulting from misu-
se; any resulting risks must be borne solely by the user.
Introduction - Warranty
Also compliance with and strict adherence to the ope-
ration service and maintenance conditions specified by
the Manufacturer are substantial part of the intended
use.
If the tractor must be used in very heavy-duty condi-
tions (e.g. deep water or extremely muddy soils), you
should ask your Dealer for specific instructions, to avoid
invalidating the guarantee.
For the operation, service and maintenance of this trac-
tor you need to know perfectly its specific features and
to be precisely informed about the pertaining safety
standards (injury prevention).
Customers are strongly advised to turn to an official De-
aler in connection with any problem regarding service
and adjustments.
WARRANTY, PRE-DELIVERY IN-
SPECTIONS AND INSTALLATION
The Company, when selling new goods to their Dealers,
gives a warranty that, subject to certain conditions,
guarantees that the goods are free from defects in ma-
terial and workmanship. As this manual is published for
worldwide diffusion, it is impossible to give a precise
and detailed description of the terms and clauses of
the warranty granted in each country for retail sale. The
buyers of new tractors should therefore ask their Dealer
for full details.
According to the Company’s policy of continuous
improvement to its machines, changes in their technical
features may be made at any time without notice. The
Company accepts no responsibility for discrepancies
which may occur between the specifications of its
machines and the descriptions thereof contained in its
publications.
A Dealer is required to carry out certain activities when
supplying a new tractor. These consist of a full pre-
delivery inspection to ensure that the tractor supplied
is ready for immediate use, and full instruction in the
basic principles of operation and maintenance of the
tractor. These instructions will cover instruments and
controls, routine maintenance and safety precautions.
All persons who will be concerned with the operation
and maintenance of the machine should be present for
these instructions.
NOTE: The Manufacturer will not accept responsibility for
any claim resulting from the fitment of non-approved parts
or attachments, or unauthorized modification or alteration.
1-7
Introduction - Warranty
WARRANTY CLAIM
A correct installation, followed by a regular maintenance,
can do much to prevent malfunctions or breakdowns. If
operation problems should be however encountered du-
ring the warranty period, the warranty should be claimed
with the following procedure.
The Dealer by whom you purchased the tractor should
be promptly informed, stating model and serial number.
It is most important that there should be no delay, and
you should realise that, even where the original failure is
covered by warranty, if the failure is not repaired imme-
diately, warranty cover may not apply.
You should give your Dealer as many information as
possible, for instance work hours, current type of work
and warning signs.
It should be noted that normal maintenance services such
as tuning, brake/clutch adjustments, and the supply of
materials used to service the tractor (oil, filters, fuel and
antifreeze) are not covered by terms of the warranty.
SPARE PARTS WARNING
The fitment of parts of inferior quality may not only impair
machine performances, but also be dangerous for opera-
tor’s health and safety. The manufacturer of the tractor will
not take the responsibility for any loss, damage or liability
resulting from the fitment of such parts, and, if fitted
during the normal warranty period, the manufacturer’s
warranty may be invalidated.
IF YOU MOVE
The Dealer by whom you bought your tractor is sole
responsible for the protection given by your warranty.
We recommend that any repair of your machine should
be made by the Dealer. If you, however, move to another
area or the tractor must momentarily operate in an area
far from the original Dealer, you should ask your Dealer
for name and address of the Dealer nearest to the new
work site, so that the warranty is transferred to the latter.
If you moved from the area of your original Dealer without
any arrangements with the new Dealer, the latter will give
you assistance for emergencies, but will charge normal
prices, unless:
a. You make it clear that the warranty has not expired,
and
b. the Dealer making the repair can make the due arran-
gements with the original Dealer.
1-8
POST-WARRANTY SERVICE
During the warranty period it is advisable to let your Dealer
perform every repair and servicing. In this way the Dealer
is able to keep under control operation and performances
of your new tractor.
In order to obtain the best performances from your tractor,
it is important to go on with regular checks and servicing
even after the warranty is expired. Make use of your local
Dealer for all major tractor services: a trained engineer
will spot any problems between one service and the next.
Our engineers are regularly trained and updated on the
product, servicing techniques and the use of modern
service tools and diagnostic equipment. They receive
regular Service Bulletins, have all Workshop Manuals and
other such technical information to ensure that the repair
or service is to the standard required.
SAFETY
The safety of the operator is one of the main concerns in
designing and developing a new tractor. Designers build
in as many safety features as possible. However, every
year many accidents occur which could have been avoided
by a few seconds thought and a more careful approach
to handling farm machinery and implements. Therefore
you are required to read through and implement the
safety instructions detailed in the Safety Notes section
of this book.
CAUTION: In some of the illustrations used
in this Operator Instruction Book, panels or
guards may have been removed for clarity.
Never operate the tractor without these com-
ponents in position. If the removal of panels
or guards is necessary to make a repair, they
MUST be replaced before operation.
 Safety notes

Chapter 2
Safety notes
2

REGULAR USE

This is an agricultural tractor, whose function consists essentially in traction power. It is therefore specially designed to
push, pull, carry or operate some interchangeable implements for agricultural purpose, or to tow agricultural trailers.

This machine must be driven and operated by an operator suitably instructed, firmly seated and wearing a fastened seat belt.

This machine is NOT designed:

- To be driven or operated standing or from outside the cab or the operator’s seat, or without a fastened seat belt.
- To lift persons.
- To transport persons, within or outside the cab or the operator’s seat, in any condition (work or road transport).
- To be used in hazardous atmosphere.
- To be used in forestry.
- To be equipped with front loaders if the tractor is not provided with a suitable structure to protect the operator’s seat
from falling and projected objects.

More basic rules

- Keep the cab doors closed while the machine is being used.
- The machine must be used only by a skilled operator who knows perfectly controls and driving technique.
- External controls of hitch and electro-hydraulic power take-off (if equipped) must be operated standing on one side
outside the tractor and keeping oneself out of the overall width of mudguards. It is expressly forbidden to operate the
controls from the rear of the tractor or standing on the inner side of wheels.
- Before any operations, carefully analyze all risks and check that the user is skilled enough to safely operate the machine.

WARNING: Improper use of the machine, specially on rough terrain or slopes, can make it tilt over. Pay
particular attention in case of rain, snow, ice or anyway on slippery ground. It may be necessary to step
out of the tractor to check personally ground quality. In the described conditions, always keep the load
as close as possible to the tractor and the ground.

WARNING: Do not try to get off the moving tractor, even if it is overturning, to avoid being crushed un-
der it, but remain seated with the well fastened seat belt and hold firmly the steering wheel.

WARNING: If the tractor is used as a fixed power unit without supervision (e.g. connection to a pump unit
for irrigation), put up warnings against this dangerous situation and barriers to keep off unauthorized
personnel.

2-1
Safety notes

SAFETY ALERT SYMBOLS AND TERMS

This safety symbol means WARNING! BEWARE! YOUR SAFETY IS IN DANGER!

This alert symbol draws your attention on important warnings on the implement, in the manual or anywhere else. Pay
great attention whenever you see this symbol: there is a great danger of serious or deadly injuries. Follow the instruc-
tions given in the warning.

WHY IS SAFETY IMPORTANT FOR YOU?

« ACCIDENTS CAN MAIM and KILL «
« ACCIDENTS COST A HIGH PRICE «
« ACCIDENTS can be AVOIDED «

SAFETY - TRACTOR AND IMPLEMENT

• The tractor is a source of mechanical and hydraulic power.
• This Operator’s Manual is compiled to cover safe working practices that are associated with the basic trac-
tor operation.
• It does not cover all operation and safety instructions relevant to all known implements and attachments that
may be fitted to your tractor in the future.
• All implements connected to the tractor must bear the CE mark (Europe only). All equipment to be connected
must be accompanied by a operation and maintenance handbook, to be read before assembling and using the
equipment.
• It is essential that operators use and understand the relevant Operator’s Manual which accompany such im-
plements and attachments not treated in this book.

SAFETY - INTRODUCTION SAFETY - ADVICE FOR THE OPERA-

This safety section of your Operator Instruction Book is
intended to point out some of the basic danger situations
that may be encountered during the normal operation and
maintenance of your tractor, and to suggest possible ways
of dealing with these situations. This section is NOT a
replacement for other safety practices featured in other
sections of this book.
Additional precautions may be needed according to the
implements used and to work conditions in the field or
in repair or maintenance areas. The Manufacturer of the
tractor has no direct control over application, operation,
inspection, lubrication or maintenance of utility tractor.
Implementation of correct safety practices in such areas
is therefore YOUR own responsibility.
TOR
It is YOUR responsibility to read and understand the sa-
fety section in this manual before operating your tractor.
You must follow these safety instructions that take you
step by step through your working day. DO NOT USE THE
MACHINE IF YOU HAVE ANY DOUBTS:
In reading this section, you will note that illustrations have
been used to highlight certain situations. Each illustration
is numbered and the same number appears in the text in
parenthesis. This reference number is at the end of the
written text concerning the picture and is composed of
two digits separated by a dash: the first digit before the
dash identifies the section, the second one the progres-
sive number of the picture in the section. (e.g. Fig.2-34
= Figure 34 of Section 2).

Remember that YOU are the only key to safety. Good

safety practices not only protect you, but also the people
around you. Study the features in this manual and make
them a working part of your safety program.

2-2

Keep in mind that this safety section is written only for this
type of machine. Practice all other usual and customary
safe working precautions, and above all - REMEMBER -
SAFETY IS YOUR RESPONSIBILITY. YOU CAN PREVENT
SERIOUS INJURY OR DEATH.
SAFETY - DANGER, WARNING AND
CAUTION
Whenever you see the words and symbols shown below,
used in this book and on decals, you MUST take note of
their instructions as they relate to personal safety.
DANGER: The symbol and the word DANGER
indicate an imminently hazardous situation
which, if not avoided, will result in DEATH
OR VERY SERIOUS INJURY.
WARNING: The symbol and the word WAR-
NING indicate a potentially hazardous
situation. If the instructions or procedures
are not correctly followed, it could result in
DEATH OR SERIOUS INJURY IN EXTREME
CASES.
CAUTION: The word CAUTION indicates a limited risk
situation which, if not avoided, will result in MATERIAL
DAMAGES AND/OR MINOR INJURIES.
IMPORTANT: The word IMPORTANT is used to identify
special instructions or procedures which, if not strictly
observed, could result in damage to, or destruction of
the machine, of the work carried out or its surroundings.
NOTE:The word NOTE is used to indicate points of parti-
cular interest for more efficient and convenient repair or
operation.
SAFETY - DECALS
WARNING: DO NOT remove or efface Dan-
ger, Warning, Caution or Instruction decals.
Any lost or effaced Danger, Warning, Caution or Instruction
decals must be replaced. Replacement decals are availa-
ble from your Dealer in the event of loss or damage. The
actual location of these Safety Decals is illustrated at the
end of this section.
If a second-hand tractor has been purchased, refer to
the illustrations at the end of this section to ensure that
all the safety warning decals are in the correct position
and readable.
Safety notes
SAFETY - FOLLOWING A SAFETY
PROGRAM
Safe use of the tractor
Only qualified and authorized operators are able to use
farming tractors in safety. To be qualified you must under-
stand the written instructions supplied in this Operator
Instruction Book, have training in the work area, and know
the safety rules and regulations for the job.
Some regulations stat, for instance, that no one younger
than 18 may use machines with engines (according to
European directives). Tractors are such machines. It is
your responsibility to know these regulations and comply
with them in the area or the situation in which the tractor
is used.
2
Such regulations include, without limitation, the following
instructions for a safe use of the tractor.
WARNING: The operator must not be under
influence of alcohol or drugs that can im-
pair his/her coordination or alert conditions.
An operator under prescription for narcotic
drugs needs a medical certificate stating if
he/she is able to use the tractor safely.
Take the following precautions:
• Do not allow children or unauthorized persons to drive
or use your tractor. Keep others away from your area
of work.
• Fasten your seat belt if the tractor is fitted with an
upright safety frame or a cab.
• Whenever possible, do not operate the tractor near
ditches, pits or holes in the ground. Slow down when
steering, driving on slopes or driving over rough,
slippery or muddy terrain.
• Keep clear from slopes too steep to operate safely.
• Drive carefully, specially on headlands, on road, near
a ditch and around trees.
• Never let anyone else get on to the tractor or the
implement.
• Hitch only to the drawbar and recommended hitch
points. Never hitch above the central line of the rear
axle.
• Operate the tractor smoothly, with no sudden turns,
starts or stops. Apply the parking brake whenever the
tractor is stopped.
• Do not remove or alter any part of the equipment
or of the guards. Do not use the tractor if the safety
frame is removed or damaged. Never use attachments
that are not designed for your tractor.
2-3
Safety notes

SAFETY - CAB
The safety cab is designed on purpose for this tractor
series and complies with all law requirements concerning
safety and noise level. (Fig.2-1)

The safety cab complies with international safety stan-

dards prescribed by laws in force. It must NEVER be drilled
or modified in order to install accessories or implements.
The cab components MUST NOT be welded, nor repaired
if damaged. Never attach tow chains or ropes to the cab
main frame.

WARNING: Tractors equipped with cab have

a protection against objects and loads that
might fall from above in typical work condi-
tions, but not against objects and loads that
Fig.2-1
might be projected into the area normally
occupied by the operator.

• Seat belts must always be worn and adjusted snugly

(Fig.2-2).
• From time to time, check the seat belt for damage and
replace it if worn or damaged (Fig.2-2).

WARNING: Always fasten your safety belt.

Fig.2-2

2-4
 Safety notes
PRECAUTIONS FOR WORKING IN
SAFETY
Protect yourself
NEVER take any risks. Wear all protective clothing and
any personal protection devices called for by the work
conditions. (Fig. 2-3).

The following personal safety devices are always

necessary:
- Hearing protection.
- Safety shoes.

WARNING: the tractor is not protected against

dangerous matters and emissions. If you are
2
working in an environment where there is a
danger of inhaling, ingesting or contacting Fig.2-3
dangerous matters, the operator should wear
specific personal safety devices.
DO NOT wear loose clothing, jewellery or
other items and tie up long hair that could get
entangled in controls or moving parts

A first aid kit should be available on any work site (Fig.2-5).

WARNING: The tractor is designed and built to avoid

any fire risks during normal operation. Therefore, it
is not provided of a self-extinguishing system or a fire First aid box
extinguisher on board as a standard. The tractor is If the tractor’s owner or safety manager provides the
anyway designed to install a 1 kg dust fire extinguisher tractor with a first aid box, we recommend storing the
complying with UNI EN 3/7 2004 standard. The fire box in a suitable place when the tractor is not used for a
extinguisher must be mounted in the reserved and long time, owing to its highly perishable content.
indicated position (Fig.2-4a & Fig.2-4b)
The fire extinguisher with its support can be bought
as a kit by our Dealers or authorized workshops. The
kit consists in a fire extinguisher, support, fastening
means, directions for its mounting and a decal to be
applied in the indicated area. The decal, when applied,
declares that the tractor may not be used if the ire
extinguisher is not in its place.
It is up to the owner of the farm or to the person
responsible for safety at the farm to judge the oppor-
tunity of using the tractor in areas at high fire risk. Fig.2-5
They are also responsible for use of the tractor with
the extinguisher duly mounted.

The fire extinguisher position changes according to tractor model

Fig.2-4a Fig.2-4b

2-5
Safety notes

Know your equipment

Know your tractor. Know how to operate all equipment
on your machine and the implements and attachments
used with it. Know the purpose of all the controls, gauges
and dials. Know the rated load capacity, speed range,
braking and steering characteristics, turning radius, and
operating clearances.

Keep in mind that rain, snow, ice, loose gravel, soft

ground, etc. can change the way your tractor operates..
Under poor conditions, slow down and be extra careful,
engage four-wheel drive, if fitted.

Study the DANGER, WARNING or CAUTION safety Fig.2-6

signs on your tractor and the information signs also.

READ THIS OPERATOR INSTRUCTION BOOK BEFORE

STARTING THE ENGINE.

STUDY IT BEFORE YOU START WORK (Fig. 2-6).

IF THERE IS SOMETHING YOU DO NOT UNDERSTAND,

ASK SOMEONE SPECIALISED (e.g. your Dealer) FOR
EXPLANATION.

IMPORTANT: This manual covers general safe practices

for agricultural tractors. It must always be kept with the
tractor. For further copies contact your Dealer.

Use all available protective devices

Keep all protective devices in place and securely faste-
ned. Make certain all guards, shields and safety signs are
properly installed, as specified, and are in good condition.

To help keep yourself and others around you

safe, your tractor should be equipped and kept
in perfect service order with:

• Safety belts complying with law requirements of the • Means to access the driver’s seat.
• Driver’s seat.
various countries.
• Power take-off shields. • Controls.
• Shields against heat. • Operator’s manual.
• Slow Moving Vehicle emblem (SMV). Additional
• Shields and guards against shearing, pinching and safety guards, lights or decals and a back-up alarm
moving parts. (Fig.2-38 and 2-39) (North America).
• Rear view mirrors.
• Anti-deflagration shields on tubes, if required. Know which devices are required for safe operation of
• Dust filters in the cab your tractor. Use them at all times. Make sure they are in
• Decals and pictograms. place and in good condition. NEVER remove or disconnect
any safety device.

2-6
 Safety notes

Check the equipment WARNING: Diesel fuel or hydraulic fluid under

Before you begin your working day, take time to check
your tractor and ensure that all systems are in good ope-
rational condition.
WARNING: personal safety devices must be worn for
each check and maintenance operation.
• DO NOT smoke while refuelling the tractor. Keep any
type of open flame away (Fig. 2-7).
• Check for loose, broken, missing, or damaged parts.
Have everything put into good repair. Make certain
all safety devices are in place.
pressure can pierce the skin or eyes and cause
serious personal injury, blindness or death.
Fluid leaks under pressure may not be visible.
Use a piece of cardboard or wood to find lea-
ks. Never use your bare hand. Wear safety gog-
gles for eye protection. If any fluid is injected
into the skin, it MUST be surgically removed
within a few hours by a doctor familiar with
this type of injury (Fig.2-8).
Before applying pressure to the fuel or hydraulic system,
be sure all connections are tight and that lines, pipes,

• Check safety frame and seat belt for damage. A da-

and hoses are not damaged. Before disconnecting fuel
or hydraulic lines, be sure to relieve all pressure.
2
maged safety frame or seat belt MUST be replaced.

• Ensure that implements and attachments are properly
installed and that the tractor and implement PTO RPM
ratings match.
• Check the tires for cuts, bulges and correct pressure.
Replace worn or damaged tyres. Check foot and par-
king brakes for proper operation. Adjust if necessary.
• Stop the engine and wait for it to cool before refuelling.
• Check the engine oil level and add oil if required.
• Perform all maintenance procedures outlined in the
maintenance and adjustment section of this manual. 
Make sure that all hydraulic lines are correctly installed
and not tangled.
WARNING: Liquid cooling systems build up
pressure as the engine gets hot. Before remo-
ving the radiator cap, stop the engine and let
the system cool.
• Check the engine cooling system and add coolant as
required.

• Check that the PTO drive locking devices are latched.

• Check that the tractor PTO shield and driveline guards
are in place and operating properly.

• Check the tractor and implement hydraulic system.

Have any leaks or damaged parts repaired or renewed.

• HYDRODYNAMIC SYSTEMS: HOSES Hoses are an

important component in modern machines. Hoses
can change their characteristics in the course of time
because of pressure, vibrations, weather etc. Laws
in force prescribe that hoses are replaced within 6
years from their construction. WE RECOMMEND
COMPLIANCE WITH THIS RULE.

Fig.2-7
WARNING: When auxiliary control valves
are used, their quick couplings can reach
high temperatures. Therefore, safety glo-
ves suitable for such temperatures must be
worn every time the connected implements
are connected to or disconnected from the
couplings.

Fig.2-8

2-7
Safety notes
Clean the tractor
• Keep work surfaces and engine compartments clean.
• Before cleaning the machine, always lower imple-
ments to the ground, engage the first gear, engage
the parking brake, turn the engine off and remove
the key.
• Always use specific personal safety devices for each
service operation.
• Clean steps, pedals and floor. Remove grease or oil.
Brush away dust or mud. In winter, scrape away snow
and ice. Remember - slippery surfaces are dangerous.
• When plastic parts need to be cleaned (such as con-
sole, instrument panel, monitors, indicators etc), do
not use petrol, paraffin, diluents etc.
They could cause discoloration, cracking or warping
of the cleaned parts..
These parts should ONLY be cleaned with water,
neutral soap and a soft cloth.
• Remove and store implements, keys, hitches etc. in
their proper places.
Protect the environment
• It is illegal to pollute drains, water courses or soil.
Use authorized waste disposal facilities, including
civic amenity sites and garages providing facilities
for disposal of used oil. If in doubt, contact your local
authority for advice.
• To get to know the correct methods to dispose of
oils, filters, tyres etc. contact your Dealer or the local
agency for waste recycling.
• Only for North America:
The safety sheets of each material give information
on chemicals contained in a product, procedures to
use it safely, first-aid and procedure to be followed
in case of leakage or spills. In all North America such
safety sheets are available at the Dealer's.
Before any maintenance on the machine, refer to
the above mentioned safety sheets for fluids, oils
etc. used in this machine. The sheets inform about
risks and safe maintenance procedures. We strongly
recommend to follow these indications during any
maintenance operations.
• Disposal of the tractor: The tractor is made up of
parts subject to rules and laws for their disposal.
When the tractor is not used any more, it must be
disposed of through proper agencies according to
such rules. Do not pollute the environment with the
tractor or its parts.
SAFETY - TRACTOR MAINTENANCE
CAUTION: With exception of normal service, as explai-
ned in the Maintenance section, all other servicing or
reparations must be carried out by properly skilled
personnel in authorised workshops.
• DO NOT carry out maintenance operations while the
engine is hot or the tractor is moving.
2-8
WARNING: Hot parts of the machine are suita-
bly guarded, wherever possible. This does not
exclude, however, that great care should be
used when working on the machine, to avoid
burns or scalding.
• Before any adjustments or servicing on the electrical
system, disconnect the battery by operating the mas-
ter disconnect switch (if equipped) or disconnecting
the cables of the battery. See the section concerning
battery servicing.
• To prevent fire or explosion, do not go with free flames
near the battery or cold starting device. Carefully fol-
low the directions for the use of coupling cables to
avoid sparks that may cause an explosion.
• Consult your Dealer for any repairs or adjustments;
such works should be carried out by specialised
workmanship.
• Check regularly that all nuts and bolts are securely
tightened, specially the nuts in wheel hubs, disks or
rims. Tighten to the prescribed driving torques.
• Check the oil level at regular intervals and top up
if required.
• Check the brakes regularly, top up the reservoir
and/or adjust where necessary. Make sure that the
brakes are evenly adjusted, especially when using
a trailer.
WARNING: When it is necessary to carry out
service, filling up, cleaning or adjustment
operations in places at an height above 1.5
m (e.g. engine coolant reservoir or cab air
filters, work light lamps etc.) a stable and safe
mean (e.g. a ladder) is required to reach the
service point.
WARNING: Work and road lights can be very
hot and dangerous if on since a long time.
Take care to avoid contacts that could cause
burns. If work on these lights is needed, turn
them off and let them cool down.
Always use safety gloves suitable for high
temperatures.
• Carry out the following operations before any opera-
tion about the tractor: engage the first gear, engage
the parking brake, turn the engine off and remove
the ignition key.
Maintenance operations must be carried out when the
engine is cold. If the maintenance operation must be
carried out while the engine is hot (e.g. when changing
engine oil), start the engine and let it idle for the required
time, then turn it off before the maintenance operation.
If you need to open the bonnet, follow the procedure
indicated under “How to open the bonnet”. In this case
beware the risk of burning and shearing.
Personal safety devices must be worn for each check and
maintenance operation.
 Safety notes

If the tractor must be lifted for servicing, take it to a sui-

tably equipped workshop.
Carry out the following operations before any operation
about the tractor: engage the four-wheel drive, the first
gear and the parking brake and put chocks to the wheels
touching the ground.
Before lifting the tractor, avoid its swinging by means of
wooden wedges applied to the front axle (Fig.2-9b): the
chocks must avoid any swinging of the tractor.
Use jack lifts of suitable capacity and apply them at the
centre of the front and rear axles (Fig. 2-9b and Fig.2-9c)
paying due attention to weight distribution.
No decals for the lifting point are applied on the tractor, as
they would be too difficult to apply in the available spaces
2
and would be all too easily removed or effaced during
normal operation of the tractor. Apply the jack lift to the
lifting points (Fig. 2-10a ) according to the type of operation Fig.2-9b
and following the safety procedures given before.

WARNING: DO NOT raise the tractor using the tow-

ing hook.

Fig.2-9c
SAFETY - STARTING UP
Warn bystanders before starting the engine.
Before starting, walk around the whole tractor and any
attached equipment. Make sure that no one is under, on,
or close to the tractor or equipment. Let other workers
and bystanders know you are starting up and don’t start
until everyone is clear of the tractor, implements and
towed equipment.

Make sure that everyone, particularly children, is in a

safe position before starting the engine.

Mount and dismount safely.

Always use ‘three point contact’ with the machine, and
face the machine when you mount it. Three point contact Fig.2-10a
means both hands and one foot or one hand and both
feet are in contact with the machine at all times during
mounting and dismounting.

Clean your shoes and wipe your hands before climbing on.
Use handrails, grab handles, ladders or steps (as provided)
when mounting or dismounting.

NEVER use control levers as a hand hold and NEVER step

on foot controls when mounting or dismounting.

NEVER try to go on or off the moving tractor.

2-9
Safety notes

Safety at starting

WARNING: Make sure that there is enough
ventilation before starting the engine. Never
start the engine in an enclosed space. Exhaust
fumes may cause asphyxiation (Fig.2-10b).

Make sure that the tractor dual brake pedals are locked
together at all times unless you are making turns in the
field which require independent use of the brakes. Make
sure the brakes are properly adjusted so that both brakes
engage at the same time.

Adjust the seat and fasten your seat belt (if applicable, Fig.2-10b
according the description in this book),

Always start the engine from the operator’s seat, after

depressing the clutch pedal, with all the transmission,
PTO and auxiliary spool valve control levers in neutral.

DANGER: The engine must be started with

the ignition key only from the driver’s seat.
DO NOT attempt to start the engine by
shorting across the terminals of the starter
motor. If the starter circuit is bypassed to
neutral, the tractor could start with an en-
gaged gear, with danger of serious injury or
death to bystanders (Fig.2-11).

Fig.2-11

Follow recommended starting procedures.

Follow the starting procedures recommended in the
Operation section of this Operator Instruction Book. This
includes normal starting, cold starting, and the use of
starting fluids.

Overhaul the controls.

After engine ignition, overhaul all instruments and lights.
Be sure that all are operating correctly. If the machine
does not respond properly to controls, DO NOT use it
until the fault is mended.

Make sure that the starter motor solenoid valve fuse is Fig.2-12
always installed.

Starting fluid

CAUTION: Do not inject fluids (ether) to make the

engine easier to start in cold weather. The tractor is
equipped with a cold weather starting system (Fig.2-
12).

Before starting the tractor, make sure that there are no

persons or hindrances in its operating range (Fig.2-13).

Fig.2-13

2-10
 Safety notes
DIRECTIONS TO AVOID IMPROPER USE OF THE TRACTOR

WORKING IN SAFETY Do not start the tractor without ensuring a perfect com-
mand of speed and steering controls (Fig.2-14).
WARNING: An unbalanced tractor could over-
turn and cause injury or death. If required, put
ballast weights on their front support and on
rear wheels as described in this section of the
Operation chapter. Ballast weights must be used
according to the manufacturer’s directions.
NEVER add extra counterweights to compensate
for an overload. It is better to reduce the load.

WARNING: Keep all parts of your body inside

the operator's compartment while operating 2
the tractor.

Follow the rules when using your tractor.

Be sure the tractor is ready for the job on hand. Learn the
rated loads by heart and never exceed them. Make sure
that any implement or equipment you are going to use
does NOT exceed the load capacity of your tractor. Check
that the coupling PTO shaft/implement is correct (see the
Technical Specifications section for mass data).

Keep in mind that tractors normally operate on uneven, Fig.2-14

unpaved, and often bumpy or sloping surfaces. Operating
conditions can reduce the amount of weight you should
carry or pull.
Follow safe operating practices
• Operate the controls smoothly - don't jerk the steering
wheel or other controls.
• DO NOT get on or off a moving tractor. Keep a firm
grip on the steering wheel at all times, with the thumbs
clear of the spokes when driving the tractor.
• Always use specific personal safety devices for each
operation.
• Make sure you have adequate clearance in all direc-
tions for tractor, cab, asfety frame and implement.
• Before starting, inspect the work area to establish
the best and safest procedure. Plan your work
so that you drive as straight as possible forward.
Beware of trenches, pits, ditches, slopes, trunks
or stumps, ponds etc. Watch for any possibly
dangerous condition. If you are using a front loader
or foldable implements or implements with high
components, watch out for obstacle in the tractor's
way.
WARNING: Accidental contact with high-volta-
ge lines causes death. In case of contact with
high-voltage conductors DO NOT leave the
tractor, but move the tractor and/or the loader
in such a way as to eliminate the contact and
reach a safe distance (Fig.2-15).

• NEVER play games with a tractor or equipment.

• NEVER attempt to work the controls except from the  
operator's seat.  

• Before getting off the tractor, always disengage the
PTO, lower all attachments and implements to the 
ground, place the tractor in neutral, engage parking 


brake, shut off the engine and remove the key.



• NEVER attempt to work the controls except from the

operator’s seat.
• Carry out the following operations before leaving the
tractor: engage the first gear, engage the parking
brake, turn the engine off and remove the ignition
key.
As an alternative, if the tractor is to be used as a
fixed power unit, before leaving the tractor shift the
gear to neutral, engage the parking brake and make
sure there are no people within the operating range
of the machine. Fig.2-15

2-11
Safety notes

Beware of other people

• Think about what you are going to do. Never al-
low persons that are not qualified or suitably skilled
to operate your tractor. They could be a danger for
themselves or for others.

WARNING: Your tractor is designed to be ope-

rated by one person. DO NOT allow others to
ride on the tractor or the implement (Fig.2-
16). Never allow anyone to ride on the imple-
ments or other equipment including trailers,
except on certain harvesting equipment, spe-
cifically designed for riders during the actual
harvest operation only (not during transport).
Such equipment must have provision for a safe
riding area. NEVER allow children on a tractor.

WARNING: Make sure you can safely control

speed and driving direction of the tractor
before moving it. Start slowly until you are Fig.2-16
sure everything is operating regularly. After
starting, turn the steering right and left to
check for correct operation. Check steering
and brake system for operation. If differential
is locked, DO NOT operate at high speed or
turn the tractor until the differential lock is
disengaged.

• Keep others away from your operation area. Never

allow anyone to stand or pass under a raised imple-
ment (Fig.2-17).

• DO NOT lift objects that cannot be contained safely

in the bucket, get the appropriate attachment. Never
allow anyone to stand on the safety frames or fend-
ers.

• When using a loader, avoid sudden stops, starts,

turns, or changes of direction. Keep loads as near
as possible to the ground during transport.

• Never stand (or allow anyone else to stand) in front Fig.2-17

of, under, or behind loaded or loading equipment.
Never drive a tractor up to someone standing in
front of a fixed object.

WARNING: NEVER lift a load over anyone

(Fig.2-17).

• Keep others away from articulation joints, hitches,

drawbar, lift arms, PTO drives, cylinders, belts, pul-
leys, and other moving parts. Keep safety guards in
place.

WARNING: NEVER stand, or allow anyone else
to stand between the tractor and implement
unless the engine is turned off and the par-
king brake is engaged, a gear is engaged and
all attachments or implements are lowered
to the ground.
WARNING: NEVER stand, or allow anyone else
to stand between the tractor and the trailer
unless the engine is turned off and the park-
ing brake is engaged and a gear is engaged.

2-12
 Safety notes

Risk of overturning
For your safety, it is mandatory that all footstep tractors
are fitted with original Roll Over Protective Structures and
seat belts (Fig.2-18).

In the event of overturning with a tractor fitted with a cab

or ROPS, hold the steering wheel firmly and DO NOT at-
tempt to leave the seat until the tractor has come to rest.
If the doors are locked, leave the tractor through the duly
indicated emergency exits (Fig.2-18).

IMPORTANT: The safe working practices listed here-

under concerns only a few cases of overturning risk.
The list is therefore NOT comprehensive of all pos- 2
sible cases.

To avoid side overturns

• Set the wheel track at the widest setting suitable for
the job being done.
Fig.2-18
• Lock the brake pedals together before driving at
transport speeds.

• Reduce speed to match operating conditions. If the

tractor is equipped with a front-end loader, carry the
bucket and load as low as possible.

• Make wide slow turns at reduced speed. DON'T let

your tractor bounce. You may loose steering control.

• DON'T pull a load too heavy for your tractor. It could

run away on the down slope or the tractor could
jackknife around a towed load.

• DON'T brake suddenly. Apply brakes smoothly and

gradually.

• When going down a slope use the throttle to slow

the tractor engine and use the same gear you would
use to up the slope. Shift into gear before you start
downhill. Fig.2-19
• Engage four-wheel drive (if equipped); this will give
greater stability.

WARNING: NEVER disengage the clutch or

attempt to shift gear after you have started
downhill.

• Always go up and down slopes following a straight

upward or downward line.

• Do not overload a front implement or a trailer. Use

suitable counterweights to keep the tractor stable
(Fig.2-20).

• NEVER use the tractor to round up animals or cattle.

Fig.2-20

2-13
Safety notes

• Avoid crossing steep slopes if possible. If you

must do so, avoid any holes or depressions on the
downhill side. Avoid any stumps, rocks, bumps or
raised areas on the uphill side. When operating near
ditches or banks, always keep your tractor behind
the shear line (A, Fig.2-22). Avoid ditches, embank-
ments and river banks which might cave in (Fig.2-21).

Fig.2-21 Fig.2-22

• If you need cross a steep slope, do not steer uphill,

but slow down and take a wide turn. Always drive straight
up or down a slope, never across it. When travelling up
or down a slope, keep the heavy end of the tractor and
the implement pointed uphill. (Fig.2-23)

• When driving across a slope with mounted imple-

ments, keep such implements on the uphill side (Fig.2-24).
Do not raise implements. Keep them as low and near to
the ground as possible.

• Avoid crossing steep slopes if possible. If you must

do so, avoid any holes or depressions on the downhill
side. Avoid any stumps, rocks, bumps or raised areas
on the uphill side (Fig.2-25).

Fig. 2-25

Fig. 2-24

Fig. 2-23

2-14
 Safety notes

To avoid rear overturns

IMPORTANT: The safe working practices listed here-
under concerns only a few cases of overturning risk.
The list is therefore NOT comprehensive of all pos-
sible cases.

WARNING: Hitching to the rear axle, or any

other point above the swinging drawbar, can
cause a rear overturn.

• DO NOT pull anything using the top link connection,

or from any point above the centre line of the rear
axle. Always use an approved drawbar, and only use
a drawbar pin that locks into place.
2
• High hitching can cause rear overturn, which may
cause serious injury or death. Hitch loads to the
drawbar only.
Fig. 2-26
• Use front counterweights to increase tractor stability
when towing a heavy load or to counter balance a
heavy rear mounted implement (Fig.2-26).
• DO NOT overload your tractor and DO NOT ballast it
beyond its carrying capacity. Never add ballast weight
to conterbalance an overload. Reduce the load instead
(Fig.2-27).

WARNING: Overload is ALWAYS dangerous.

Check the load capacity of your tractor and
NEVER exceed it (Fig.2-28). See the Technical
Specifications section.

Fig. 2-27

Fig.2-28

2-15
Safety notes

• Start slowly and increase your speed gradually. DO

NOT rev the engine or drop the clutch. If the tractor
is attached to a heavy load, or immovable object,
improper clutching may cause overturn (Fig.2-30 and
2-31).

• If the front part of the tractor begins lifting, disengage

the clutch at once (Fig.2-29).

• If your tractor is bogged down in mud or frozen to

the ground, DO NOT attempt to drive forwards. The
tractor can spin around its rear wheels and overturn
(Fig.2-29). Lift any attached implement and attempt
to BACK OUT. If this is not possible, tow it out with
another vehicle.

• If you get stuck in a ditch, BACK OUT, if possible. If

you must go forward, do it slowly and carefully.
Fig.2-29
• When driving on a slope with a trailer hitched at the
back you should drive the tractor in forward gear
when moving both uphill and downhill.

• A tractor with a loaded front-end (e.g. loader, bucket

etc.) and without a rear trailer should be backed down
the slope and travel forward uphill. Always keep the
loader bucket as low as possible. (Fig.2-31b)
• Always keep the tractor in gear when going downhill.
Never let the tractor coast with clutch disengaged or
transmission in neutral.

Fig.2-30

Fig.2-31

Fig.2-31b

2-16
 Safety notes

General operating hazards

• Ensure that the PTO shield (1) is in place and that the
cap (2) is fitted when the PTO driveline is not in use
(Fig. 2-32).

• Before connecting, disconnecting, cleaning or

adjusting implements driven by the power take-off,
disengage the PTO, turn the engine off, remove the
ignition key and make sure that the PTO shaft is at
standstill (Fig.2-33).

• Ensure that all the PTO driveline guards are in place

and observe all safety signs (Fig. 2-33).

• Make sure that everyone stands clear of the tractor 2

before engaging the PTO. During stationary use of
your tractor, always shift the gear lever, the reverse
shuttle and the ranges to neutral, engage the parking
brake and secure the wheels of tractor and implement
with wooden wedges or chocks.

• When working with implements powered by power

take-off, never leave the driver’s seat unless the PTO
is disengaged, the first gear and the parking brake Fig.2-32
are engaged, the engine is off and the ignition key
removed. As an alternative, if the tractor is to be used
as a fixed power unit, before leaving the tractor shift
the gear to neutral, engage the parking brake and
make sure there are no people within the operating
range of the machine.

• DO NOT use PTO adaptors, reducers or extensions

as they extend the PTO coupler and universal joint
out beyond the protection offered by the PTO shield.

• The top link and lift rods must not be extended beyond
the point where threads begin to show.

DANGER: NEVER attempt to unplug the

hydraulic connections, or adjust an imple-
ment with the engine running or the PTO
drive in operation. There is a great danger of
serious or deadly injuries (Fig.2-34). Fig.2-33
• When using chemicals, carefully follow any directions
for their use, storage and discharge. Also follow the
directions given by manufacturers of equipment for
applying chemicals. Always use specific personal
safety devices for each operation.
• When operating under poor visibility conditions, or
in the dark, use your tractor field lights and reduce
your ground speed. (DO NOT use your field lights
when travelling on a roadway because rear pointed
white lights are illegal except when reversing and
may confuse following drivers).

• Operate your tractor with the wheels set at the widest

setting possible, consistent with the particular task
you are performing. To adjust wheel settings refer to
Maintenance and Adjustment section.

• Reduce your speed when operating over rough or Fig.2-34

slippery ground and when foliage restricts your view
of hazards.

• DO NOT make sharp turns at high speed.

2-17
Safety notes
Implements and attachments

WARNING: Use exclusively front loader ap-

proved by the tractor’s manufacturer, with CE
mark and parallelogram type. The installation
and modification of the tractor must be car-
ried out with the highest technical standards
by specialised workshops with qualified
personnel. Such workshops must be able to
guarantee and attest the risk analysis provi-
ded for in the Machinery Directive 2006/42/
EC concerning the foreseen and predictable
use of the tractor with front loader, in order
to carry out all required adaptations of the Fig.2-35
tractor. Use the front loader and all supplied
equipment as prescribed by the loader’s ope-
WARNING: When a tractor with safety frame
rator manual.
is equipped with a front loader, there is a re-
sidual risk due to incorrect and improper us
IMPORTANT: Keep the loader’s operation manual together
of the implement. The risk is due to objects
with the tractor’s manual, always at hand in the storage
falling from above. THE OPERATOR HAS NO
compartment of the tractor. Before driving or operation
PROTECTION AGAINST SUCH DANGER.
your tractor, it is mandatory to read this manual very ca-
refully, with special attention to the chapter concerning To reduce the risk:
safety rules. - Use only loaders equipped with load self-leveling
system, commonly defined as parallelogram type.
WARNING: Use of the front loader and of the - Use only implements that are specifically dedi-
tractor equipped with front loader, if not cated to the work to be done. Strictly follow all
correctly carried out, and handling not secu- directions and warnings mentioned by the loader
red loads constitute a serious danger for the handbook.
operator and everyone standing by, due to - Use the tractor and implement carefully. Drive on
possible objects falling from above. (Fig. 2-35) flat ground and avoid holes, ditches and trenches.
Do not turn, start or stop abruptly.
• Three-point hitch and side mounted implements make - If a front loader is mounted, it is advisable to use
a much larger arc when turning than towed equipment.
Make certain to maintain enough clearance for safe a tractor with cab or with a 4-post frame with FOPS
turning. safety system. The loader installer should carefully
• To use mounted, semi-mounted or towed equipment analyze all risks and make all required adjustments.
and trailers it is required to use exclusively CE marked
implements, after reading their operation handbooks
carefully, giving maximum attention to risks connected
with their association to the tractor.
• Implements must be hitched to the tractor by means
of the three-point linkage. It is therefore necessary to
check couplings for compatibility according to their
classes.
The implement has to be fitted with suitable supports
in order to avoid tipping or accidental shifting during
hitching.
Always check three-directional fastening to the tractor
of the mounted or semi-mounted implement, to avoid
dangerous swinging and shaking during transport and
work that could jeopardize the stability of the tractor-
implement assembly.
• The cardan shaft must be always CE-marked, provided
with suitable guards and suitable to tractor-implement
coupling. Follow all directions of the operation manual,
concerning both the fastening according to connec-
tion direction and safety rules to avoid rotation of
protections (chains) and overlaying of the telescopic
tubes. Also keep articulation angles.
• Hitch loads to the drawbar only. Towing or attaching
Fig. 2-36
to other locations may cause the tractor to overturn
(Fig.2-36) • Improper use of the drawbar, even if correctly posi-
tioned, can cause a rear overturn.
• DO NOT overload an attachment or towed equipment.
Use proper counterweights to maintain tractor stability.
Hitch heavy loads to the drawbar only.

2-18
 Safety notes

• Check for correct coupling between tow hook and

trailer. See the Towing Attachments chapter.
• Use ballast weight as recommended. NEVER add more
ballast to compensate a higher load than allowed.
Reduce load.
• Only North American markets. A safety chain will
help control drawn equipment should it be acciden-
tally separated from the drawbar while transporting.
Using the proper adaptor parts, attach the chain to
the tractor drawbar support or other specified anchor
location. Provide only enough slack in the chain to
permit turning. See your Dealer for a chain with a
strength rating equal to, or greater than the gross
weight of the towed machine (Fig.2-37).
2
Fig.2-37
Road transport
Before operating your tractor on a public road, a number
of precautions must be taken.

• Family yourself - and comply - with all local bye-laws,

and national laws appropriate to your tractor.
• Lock both brake pedals together.
• Raise all implements to their transport position and
lock them in place.
• Place all implements into their narrowest transport
configuration.
• Disengage the PTO and differential lock.
• Make sure tractor and equipment are equipped with
slow moving vehicle (SMV) signs or beacon if the
law requires them (Fig.2-38 and 2-39).
• Make sure any required clearance flags or hazard
lights are in place and in working order.
• Make sure you use a proper safety hitch pin with a
safety clip retainer.
• Clean off all reflectors and road lights, front and rear,
and be certain they are in working order.
• Three-point hitch and implements jutting out from
Fig.2-38 - Use the symbol in force in your country
the sides make a much larger arc when turning than
towed equipment. Make certain to maintain enough
clearance for safe turning.

Road circulation rules

Before operating your tractor on a public road, a number
of precautions must be taken.

WARNING: DO NOT allow any passengers on

the tractor or towed equipment.

• Know the route you are going to travel.

• Use the prescribed lights or, if required, the rotating
beacon, both in the daytime and in the night-time
(Fig.2-39).
• North America - Use regulation lights and blinking
hazard lights when travelling on road.
• Use caution when towing a load at transport speeds
especially if the towed equipment is NOT equipped
with brakes.
• Observe all local or national regulations regarding the
road speed of your tractor.
• Use extreme caution when driving on snow-covered
or slippery roads.

Fig.2-39

2-19
Safety notes

• Wait for traffic to clear before entering a public road.

• Beware of blind intersections. Slow down until you
have a clear view.
• DO NOT attempt to pass at any intersection.
• Slow down for turns and curves.
• Make wide, gentle turns.
• Signal your intent to slow, stop or turn.
• Shift to a lower gear before going up or downhill.
(Fig.2-40)
• Keep tractor in gear. Never coast with the clutch
disengaged or transmission in neutral (Fig.2-40).
• Check for correct coupling between power steering on
the tractor and corresponding system on the tractor.
• STAY OUT of the path of oncoming traffic.
• Drive in your correct lane keeping as near to the curb
as possible.
• If traffic builds up behind you, pull off the road and
let it go by.

• Drive defensively. Anticipate what other drivers might

do.
• When towing a heavy load, start braking sooner than
normal and slow down gradually.
• Watch out for overhead obstructions (bridges, trees Fig.2-40
etc.).

SAFETY - AFTER USE

Always stop the tractor safely (DO NO park the tractor on

a slope). Engage the parking brake, engage the Park-Lock
(if equipped), disengage the PTO, engage the lowest gear,
lower any implement to the ground, stop the engine and
remove the ignition key BEFORE leaving the driver’s seat
(Fig.2-41).

Fig.2-41

2-20

Further notes
The following notes are designed to complete the Opera-
tion and Maintenance Manual to ensure that your tractor
always works safely, reliably and efficiently.
Tractors are mainly designed for hitching implements that
are held by a drawbar or three-point linkage or for driving
implements using the PTO.
To obtain the greatest possible towing force, particularly
when using a tractor with dual rear wheels, you should
observe the following rules concerning axle loads and
wheel slip.
If an extra implement is attached, the extra loads must
conform to the specifications given in the Manual or by
your dealer.
1. Front axle payload: 4WD tractors.
The front axle normally bears 40% of the tractor
weight on the road without implements; it may thus
be necessary to add an extra weight on the front end
to ensure that the front axle has traction.
If an implement is mounted on the front end of the
tractor, check the weight of the fully loaded implement
by placing the front axle on a scale: the maximum
axle load must be less than the capacity of the front
axle.
Check the maximum payload capacity of the front
axle (maximum weight allowed on it) in your Opera-
tion and Maintenance Manual).
2. Rear axle payload.
The maximum permissible payload for the rear axle
depends on whether or not the tractor is carrying a
weight or towing a load.
When the tractor is only carrying a load, without tow-
ing, the wheels must have sufficient capacity that is
ensured if the tyres are of the exact size and have
the specified number of plies.
In certain conditions, extra weight may be applied to
the rear axle but it is not normally necessary unless
the ground offers very little grip.
When fully loaded, the weight of the tractor must be
less than the maximum permissible ballasted weight
since the tractor cannot be loaded right up to the
maximum static payload for each of the axles, front
and rear, at the same time.
3. Ballast and wheel slip.
Wheel slip must be measured for the tractor to oper-
ate efficiently during tillage.
On normal terrain in good operating conditions, wheel
slip should be between 4 and 10%.
Safety notes
On loose soil, wheel slip can exceed 12%.
If wheel slip is found to be greater than this amount,
proceed with care as operating conditions might
quickly become unstable and cause early tyre wear.
In certain conditions, it might be better to add ballast
in order to reduce wheel slip, but this increases the
workload of the transmission and thus reduces the
working life of the tractor.
Read the operation handbook or ask your Dealer who
will be able to help you ascertain the maximum ballast
weight you can use in normal working conditions.
Using dual wheels or wider tyres, the tractor will have 2
greater grip but the workload on the transmission will
also be greater in dry and difficult soil conditions.
Dual wheels or wider tyres can sometimes be
mounted for use on slippery or sandy terrain but the
axle weight on hard, dry surfaces must be limited as
the greater grip provided by wider tyres can damage
the transmission.
The only torque limiter in transmission is wheel slip.
4. Front axle lead when four-wheel drive is en-
gaged.
In a 4WD tractor, the ground speed of the front wheels
must be slightly greater than that of the rear wheels,
in order to ensure traction.
The front wheel advance must be preferably between
1% and 4%, at an rate not over 5%.
Greater percentages may be used only on very soft
ground.
The tyres supplied with your tractor have been checked
for the correct advance of the front wheels, but when
you change them, make sure you use tyres of the
same make and size in order to maintain the same
speed ratio between front and rear wheels.
If tyres of different makes are used, their size and
internal pressure may modify this ground speed ratio,
or advance. This could increase the load on the front
axle and lead to unacceptable operating conditions,
excessive tyre wear and, in extreme conditions, dam-
age to the front axle or to the transmission.
Changes in the weight of the tractor, in the pressure
or size of the tyres can cause the tyres themselves
to bounce. This is not only annoying for the driver
in the cab, but it can also cause a loss of grip and
excessive wear in the transmission unit.
2-21
Safety notes
5. Economy PTO.
As shown in the Operation and Maintenance Manual,
the economy PTO on large tractors is a feature that
makes it possible to use the PTO at standard speed
using lower engine RPM rates.
This feature can only be used when the implements
powered by the PTO are to be used only for light
operations, such as for sprinklers or rakes, which
require less than 30 H.P.
The economy PTO does not need to use the maximum
power of the engine but it is designed to save fuel.
When using the Economy PTO, make sure that the
implement input shaft RPM NEVER exceeds the
recommended RPM for the implement, e.g. max.
610 RPM for a 6 spline shaft (540 RPM), and max.
1170 RPM for a 21 spline shaft (1000 RPM).
6. Working on slopes.
The Operation and Maintenance Manual provides
information on using the tractor on slopes in a safe
manner
It is also important to note that, when working on
very steep slopes, the lubrication conditions in the
transmission may be reduced. This is caused by
the oil flowing towards the front or rear part of the
transmission unit.
Special measures and extra lubrication may be re-
quired when using the tractor under extreme condi-
tions.
Your dealer will be able to assist you if you expect to
work on slopes of over 15°.
7. Remote hydraulic controls.
The hydraulic system of the tractor may be used in
some particular applications to operate the hydraulic
motors.
When using these applications, note that the hydraulic
motors can generate considerable heat and the oil
cooling system of the tractor may not be sufficient
when these high-power hydraulic motors are used.
Some remote applications have an extra cooling sys-
tem. However, every time they are used, make sure
that the oil is cooled and filtered sufficiently in order
to avoid damage to the tractor's hydraulic system.
8. Towing heavy loads (trailers, etc.)
When heavy loads are towed, the road rules in some
countries require a supplementary braking system
(e.g. air or hydraulic trailer brakes).
Check with your dealer possible additional require-
ments for special spplications
2-22
9. Operating a dry-disc clutch.
Most tractors with a manual gearshift are equipped
with a dry-disc clutch for changing gear.
Since the clutch slips every time the gear is changed,
it can cause a certain amount of wear and thus cre-
ate heat. To ensure long life for the clutch, it is thus
advisable to reduce the load of the tractor and reduce
engine speed when starting up the tractor from a
standing position.
Prolonged slipping at high engine speed with large
loads will cause the clutch disc to heat up, thereby
reducing its working life.
10. Further instructions for the operator.
The Operation and Maintenance Manual provides
instructions to ensure that the tractor is always used
in safe conditions.
If your tractor is also driven by other people, make sure
that they are fully aware of these accident prevention
instructions.
It is forbidden to carry anyone on the outer structure
of the tractor in any circumstances.
This is because the safety frame that protects against
overturning is only designed to protect persons inside
the cab or roll-over protection structure, correctly
seated and wearing properly fastened safety belts.
11. Chemical filters for the cab.
Use of a filter with chemical absorbent in air-condi-
tioned cabs can increase the degree of protection in
certain applications.
PERSONAL PROTECTION EQUIPMENT MAY BE
HOWEVER NECESSARY WHEN USING CHEMICAL
SUBSTANCES.
Wash the tractor and driver’s seat accurately according
to the directions on the product label.
ALWAYS follow the instructions on the labels of the
chemical substances and on the filters to be used.
12. Battery
For detailed information, see the sections Maintenan-
ce - Electric system.

Risks deriving from exposure to
noise
Noise characteristics and measurement
Noise is a pressure variation in an elastic medium, gener-
ally the air, produced by the vibration of a material body
(source) that determines an undesired and often annoy-
ing acoustic sensation. Noise is mainly characterized by:
• sound intensity or level: expresses the entity of the
pressure variation due to the sound wave. Measured in
decibels (dB), it doubles the sound intensity and, thus,
the energy that reaches the ear.
• the risk of accidents.
frequency: expresses the number of pressure varia-
tions of the wave per second and is measured in Herz
(Hz) - acute noises have high frequencies (2000-4000 Hz
or more) while low-pitched noises have low frequencies
(250 Hz or less).
How the risk is evaluated
The higher the sound level and exposure time, the greater
the noise risk will be.
Two parameters are used:
• LAeq (Equivalent continuous weighted level A): this
is a sound level measurement that takes into account
noise fluctuations and the varying sensitivity of the ear
to the frequencies: LAeq is measured with a sound-level
meter;
• PEL (Personal Exposure Level): this is a measurement
that takes the various noise levels into account along
with the time the worker remains on the individual
machines or working at determined processes: PEL
is calculated mathematically.
Noise Pathologies
Damage To The Hearing
Noise causes hypoacusis or deafness because it destroys
the acoustic receptors, nervous cells able to transform
the mechanical sound vibrations into nervous impulses
that, on reaching the brain, determine the aural sensation.
These receptors are irreplaceable if they are destroyed and
the resulting damage is irreversible: hypacusia worsens if
exposure to noise continues and does not improve even
if this terminates.
Moreover, it is also bilateral since it can be accompanied
by annoying buzzing and whistling sounds, and by intoler-
ance to loud noise.
The damage is insidious since it proceeds slowly and
unexpectedly: in the initial phase, when it is limited to a
diminished ability to perceive acute sounds (music, bells)
or the spoken voice when there is a background noise,
it can only be detected by means of an audiometric test.
Pulsating noises of great intensity lasting a very short time
are highly damaging since the ear is unable to actuate any
physiological protective measures in time.
Hypacusia from noise generally arises after several years
of exposure and depends on the PEL (risk almost null
below 80 dBA) and on individual characteristics. It is an
incurable disease: the only efficacious means of protec-
tion against it is prevention.
Safety notes
Other effects
Noise does not just determine aural sensation. For levels
exceeding* 70 dBA, it causes stress by means of the
cerebral integration centers and determines a specific
neurovegetative reaction responsible for effects that lead
to cardiocirculatory and gastroenteric diseases.
Amongst these, it is worthwhile noting: an increase in
gastric acidity, a decrease in the heart rate, visual range
and reflex speed; a sensation of discomfort and weariness
with an increased sense of fatigue.
These effects are dangerous because they also increase
2
Personal equipment to protect
against noise
Individual protective equipment attenuates the sound
energy transmitted to the ear through the air.
This equipment is used when dangerous exposure cannot
be avoided in any other way.
There are different types of devices with different attenuat-
ing capacities: helmets, ear muffs, ear plugs (Fig. 2-42).
Helmets and headsets have the highest dampening ca-
pacity and their use is mandatory when working off road
and noise is over the above limits.
Earplugs are generally better tolerated and are particularly
useful for prolonged exposition to lower noise levels.
CAUTION: It is prescribed that suitable personal
hearing protection be used if exposed every day to a
noise level equal or higher than 85 dBA.
Consult the “Technical specifications” section of
this manual in relation to tractor noise measured
in instantaneous conditions in compliance with the
laws in force.
CAUTION: Do not open the windscreen, the doors or
the side and rear windows during work. The noise
in the cab could rise to such level as to oblige the
operator to wear headsets or other individual pro-
tection against noise.
2-23
Safety notes

POSITIONS OF THE SAFETY DECALS

All markets (North America excluded)
WARNING: Decals must be always readable. Failing this, ask your Dealer for new ones.

Fig.2-43 Position on tractors with cab

DECAL 2
DECAL 1
WARNING: Danger of entangle-
WARNING: Danger of entangle- ment. Keep hands well clear
ment. Keep hands well clear of of moving parts and be careful
fan blades when engine is run- not to get caught up in belts or
ning. Keep guards and screens pulleys when engine is on. Keep
in place. guards in place.

2-24
 Safety notes

DECAL 3 DECAL 6

DANGER: Risk of WARNING: Danger

being crushed. DO of damaging trac-
NOT short across tor components and
starter terminals the brake circuit in
to start the engine. particular. Before
This operation could servicing, it is essen-
put your life at risk. tial for you to have
Start engine only read through the
from driving seat. warnings and the
instructions in the
Operator’s Manual.
2

DECAL 4 DECAL 7
Tractors with cab
WARNING:
Risk of electrocution. WARNING: Danger of being cru-
Always disconnect shed. Enter or leave the tractor
the negative terminal through the left-hand door. If
of the battery before entering or leaving the tractor
removing the sole- through the right-hand door,
noid cover and before avoid any contact with control
servicing the electri- levers.
cal system.

DECAL 5 DECAL 8
WARNING: Very hot surfaces.
The hands and fingers could be WARNING: Risk of electrocution.
scorched. Keep well clear of hot Always disconnect the negative
parts. Keep at a safe distance. lead before the positive lead
Keep all guards mounted when when removing the battery or
the engine is running. servicing the electrical system.

DECAL 9
Only with electronic power lift.

DANGER: Risk of blows and seri-

ous accidents. Keep to one side of
the tractor when using external lift
controls. NEVER STAND between
tractor and implement - you could
be hit by the implement.

2-25
 Safety notes
DECAL 10
DANGER: Risk of entanglement.
Keep clear of rotating shafts. Be
careful NOT to get caught up by
the cardan shaft of the PTO drive-
line. Keep all guards in place on
the transmission shafts on the
tractor and implements.
DECAL 11
Only with electronic power lift.
DANGER: Risk of blows and seri-
ous accidents. Keep to one side of
the tractor when using external lift
controls. NEVER STAND between
tractor and implement - you could
be hit by the implement.
DECAL 12
Located near the front hitch (if
equipped).
DANGER:Beware of hanging lo-
ads. Keep at a safe distance to
avoid being hit or crushed.
2-26
DECAL 13
WARNING: Risk of being cru-
shed. DO NOT allow any passen-
ger to sit on the fenders or on
any other part of the tractor or
towed implements.
DECAL 14
WARNING:Danger of being cru-
shed. In tractors with cab, always
fasten your seat belt.
DECAL 15
DANGER:The tractor could over-
turn and crush the chest. Hold
firmly on to the steering wheel
if the tractor is overturning. DO
NOT leave your seat or jump off
the tractor.

DECAL 16
WARNING: Take care. Read this
book through before using the
machine. Read the directions
for a safe usage with the greatest
attention.
DECAL 17
DANGER: Danger of being cru-
shed. Always pull the parking bra-
ke lever and engage the Park Lock
(if equipped) when you stop the
tractor and before getting off it.
Safety notes
DECAL 18
DANGER: Hot steam or water jets.
Protect your face. Radiator under
pressure when engine is hot. Re-
move cap with caution only when
engine is cold.
DECAL 19
WARNING: Hot surfaces. Risk
of burns to hands and fingers.
Warning. Keep well clear of
hot components, keep at a safe
distance. When the engine is
on, always keep the guards
mounted.
2-27
Safety notes

Decal 25
(if the tractor is pro-
vided with a second
passenger seat).
Decal 20
WARNING: The seat
WARNING: Use individual protections during work, for a second passen-
such as overalls, heavy duty gloves and safety foo- ger (with a seat belt
twear. that must be worn
at all times) may be
occupied only when
driving on road, but
not when working in
the field.

Decal 21

WARNING: Tractors with cab have no protection

against harmful substances and dusts (protection level
1). If the tractor is used in dusty environment and to
spray phytosanitary products or chemicals generally
thought of as hazardous to health, the operator must
wear individual protections (mask, goggles) suitable
to the harmfulness of the actual product used.

Decal 22 Decal 26
Only for the Italian market - Only 4WD tractors
WARNING: General warning. Turn off
the engine and remove the ignition WARNING: The four-wheel drive MUST be engaged
key before any servicing operations before the parking brake is operated.
and before getting off the machine for
any reason.

Decal
Used only when the fire extinguisher
is mounted (supplied as kit).
Decal 23 WARNING: General warning. Po-
sition where the fire extinguisher
WARNING: Danger of liquid under and its support are placed. The fire
pressure being ejected from hydraulic extinguisher must be in this position
circuits. during work.

Decal 24

WARNING: Emergency exit indication.

2-28
 Safety notes
POSITIONS OF THE SAFETY DECALS
Only North American markets
WARNING: Decals must be always readable. Failing this, ask your Dealer for new ones.

Fig.2-44 LOCATION ON CAB TRACTORS

*Only with safety frame

**Only with electronic lift

WARNING WARNING

Beware hot parts

Keep hands clear of fan

and belts while engine
is running.

DECAL 2
Located on right
To avoid personal in- DECAL 1
jury, keep all shields, and left-hand side of
covers and guards in Located on right- radiator.
place while engine is hand and left-hand
running. side of radiator, or
on the air conveyor.

2-29
Safety Notes

WARNING
High pressure steam and
hot water.
Remove filler cap with
extreme care.

DECAL 3
Located over the radiator.

DANGER
Shield Explosive Avoid sparks Sulphuric
eyes gas and flame acid
EXPLOSIVE GASES POISON causes severe burns
Always shield eyes and face from
battery. Cigarettes, flames or sparks Contains sulphuric acid. Avoid contact
could cause battery to explode. with skin, eyes or clothing.
Do not charge or use booster cables or In event of accident flush with water
DANGER adjust post connections without proper
instructions or training.
and call a physician immediately.
Keep out of reach of children.

Start only from seat DECAL 7

with transmission and Located inside the battery cover
PTO in neutral.

Starting in gear kills.

DECAL 4
Located on the starter motor.

DECAL 8
WARNING Located on the ROPS WARNING
Remove negative ca-
(Only on platform trac-
ROPS upper frame missing.
bles from batteries be- tors) To avoid injury or death from
fore removing solen- tractor rollover, reinstall upper
oid cover and before
frame before using tractor.
servicing the electrical
system.

DECAL 5
Located on the starter motor.

WARNING

WARNING
Use only mineral type brake fluid as
specified in the Operator’s Manual.

Incorrect fluid could cause brake sys-

Whenever clearance permits:
tem failure and loss of control, resulting - Keep Rollover Protection Structure
in personal injury or death. fully extended and locked.
- Keep seat belt fastened.
DECAL 6 When structure must be lowered:
Located near the brake reser- - Drive with extra care.
voir bracket on the hood rear - Seat belt use is not recommended.
No ROPS protection is provided in the
bracket or on the dashboard. lowered position.

DECAL 9
Located on the safety ROPS for platform
tractor.

2-30
 Safety notes

DANGER DANGER
WARNING

DECAL 10 Pull only from approv­ Rotating driveline con-

Located at rear ed drawbar or lower tact may cause serious
Stand clear when links of 3-point linkage injury or death.
of cab or on the Keep all driveline, tractor
using switch to rear fenders only at horizontal position

2
and equipment shields in
move 3-point or below.
hitch.
with electronic place during operation.
lift.
DECAL 13
Located at rear of cab on the rear
window fender.

WARNING
WARNING
Personal injury could result from PTO driveline separation.
1. Drawbar supplied provides standard distance “A”. Do not change.
PTO SHAFT SIZE DISTANCE “A”
540 35mm (1.38 in) 356mm (14.0 in)
1000 35mm (1.38 in) 406mm (16.0 in)
USE SEAT BELT.
Keep seat belt adjusted snugly
2. Three-point link distance “C” and mounter implement distance “D” may not be standard.
Measure distance “B” over complete lift range for
tractor and implement combination. Select driveline
length to ensure that driveline will not bottom out at
minimum distance “B” and will have sufficient overlap
at maximum distance.

DECAL 11
Located at rear of cab on the inner side of the left fender
Do not jump if
tractor tips

DECAL 14
Located inside cab on right - hand pillar or on
the left fender for platform tractors.

WARNING
Serious personal injury or ma-
chine damage may result from
overspeed of PTO driven equip-
ment.

Never use the 1000 rpm setting

with the 6 spline shaft installed.

DECAL 15
DECAL 12 Located on the rear fender
Located on PTO cover.

2-31
Safety Notes

WARNING CAUTION
Serious personal injury
or machine damage
may result from over-
speed of PTO driven
equipment.

Select tractor PTO speed

to match implement DECAL 16 Read the operator instruc-
specified speed. tion Book for safety in-
Located inside formation and operating
Do not operate PTO cab on the left- instructions.
above recommended
maximum speed. hand pillar or on Fasten your seat belt be-
fore tractor operation.
Nominal Maximum the rear fender
540 630 for footstep Start engine only when
seated in operator’s seat.
1000 1170
tractors. DECAL 18
Make sure everyone is
clear of tractor and equip-
Located inside cab on
ment before starting en- left - hand pillar or on
gine or operation.
the left-hand fender for
Keep all shields, covers
and guards in place and
footstep tractors.
stay away from moving
parts while engine is run-
ning.

Place transmission shift

lever in neutral and apply
parking brake before us-
ing external 3-point hitch
controls.

Apply parking brake,

lower equipment, stop
engine and remove key
before leaving the tractor
unattended.

Wait for all movement to

stop before servicing trac-
DECAL 17 tor or equipment.
Located rear the turn switch Securely support or block
lifted implements which
must be in the raised
position for servicing or
adjustment.

Couple brake pedals to-

gether for road travel.

Use flashing warning

lights and SMV emblem
when on public roads,
except where prohibited
by law.

Always drive with care and

attention.

2-32
Instruments and controls

Section 3
Instruments and controls
3

3-1
Instruments and controls

Cab controls
Instruments and controls - Mecha-
nical lift and hydraulic PTO
Consult the ‘Operation’ chapter for instructions on how
to correctly use the controls.

Controls in the front zone Fig.3-1

1 Mechanical shuttle lever.

2 Light switch and horn.

3 Instrument panel

4 Steering wheel height adjustment knob.

5 Hazard light and beacon switches. Fig.3-1 Controls of front area, with Speedfive and me-
chanical power lift
6 Accelerator pedal.

7 Brake pedals.

8 Ignition switch.

9 Steering wheel tilt adjustment lever.

10 Main clutch disengagement pedal

3-2
 Instruments and controls

Controls on the right-hand side of the driver’s

seat. Fig.3-2A/B

1 Range selector lever (Low - Normal - High).

2 Speed selector lever.

3 Joystick.

4 Hand throttle lever:

- high: idle speed;
- low: maximum speed.

5 PTO engagement switch.

6 Auxiliary control valve levers.

Fig.3-2A
7 Front PTO engagement switch (if fitted).

8 Differential lock engagement button.

9 4WD engagement button.
3

10 Mechanical power lift control lever.

11 (if equipped) Control lever of auxiliary control valve

(optional).

12 (if mounted) Creeper control lever (optional).

Controls on the left-hand side of the driver’s seat.

Fig.3-3
Fig.3-2B
1 PTO operation selector lever (independent or syn-
chronized with ground speed).

2 PTO speed selector switch.

3 Parking brake lever.

Fig.3-3

3-3
Instruments and controls

Dashboard
Fig.3-4
Rotating beacon switch (with light switch on) (1)
0 - Off.
1 - Rotating beacon on.

Hazard light switch (2)

0 - Off.
1 - Hazard lights on.

Windscreen washer (3): Press the switch to spray

water on the windscreen and wash it.

Rear window wiper switch (4)

0 - Off.
1 - Rear window wiper operating.
2 - Window washer pump operation.
Fig.3--4

Ignition switch (3 - Fig. 3-4 - Fig. 3-5)

•
1 No circuit powered. Engine stopped. The
key can be removed.

2 • Contact position. Various users powered.

Indicators and controls on.

3 • Thermostarter preheating position for

cold weather starting.

4 • Engine start position. Key automatically

returns to power on position when relea-
sed.

Fig.3-5

3-4
 Instruments and controls

Light switch (1 - Fig. 3-6)

1 - Light switch for direction indicators and horn.

Only operates with ignition switch in the contact
position.
2 - Forward: right hand direction indicator.
3 - Back: left hand direction indicator.
4 - Pressed: horn.

1 - Road light switch: turn the knob at the end of the

lever to operate the lights.


Lights off.

Side lights on.

Fig.3-6

Dipped beams.
Pushed down: driving beams. 3

Right-hand console switches (Fig.3-7)

1 - Front PTO switch (if fitted)

2 - Differential Lock

3 - Four-wheel drive engagement

4 - Field light switch (with light switch ON).

0 - Off.
1 - Both external front headlights on.
2 - All front headlights on.

5 - Field light switch (with light switch ON).

6 - Field light switch (with light switch ON).

Fig.3-7
7 - Rear field lights switch (with light switch ON).
0 - Off.
1 - Both external rear headlights on.
2 - All external rear headlights on.

8 - Window washer switch.

3-5
Instruments and controls

Fig. 3-8 Instrument panel

Instrument panel
Warning lights (Fig.3-8)

1 - Battery charging warning light - red. Should go out 7 - Red warning light. Check the oil level in the brake
as soon as the engine starts. fluid reservoir. Top up with designated fluid.

2 - Engine oil pressure warning light - red. Should go
out as soon as the engine starts. It is quite normal
for this light to come on if a hot engine is left to idle.
3 - Red warning light. It comes on when the parking
brake is engaged.
4 - Red warning light for low pressure in hydraulic
circuit of trailer brake (if mounted and depending on
the market).
5 - Dry air filter blockage warning light - red. It comes
on when the cartridge needs cleaning or replacing.
8 - Orange warning light (steady) for transmission and
hydraulic system oil filter blockage.
9- Red warning light for too hot engine coolant. (See
engine coolant temperature indicator).
10- Red warning light of immediate engine «STOP». It
comes on together with engine oil pressure war-
ning light (2), tractor (7) and trailer (4) brake circuit
oil pressure warning lights, hydraulic system low
pressure warning light (6) and (8). If it comes on
during work, ask your Dealer’s specialized wor-
kshop for help.

6 - Red warning light (steady) for low pressure in 11 - Indicator light for water in the fuel prefilter. Drain
hydraulic transmission system. If it comes on during water from the filter bleed cock (see Maintenance
work, ask your Dealer’s specialized workshop for chapter).
help.

Warning buzzer

The buzzer comes on whenever the red warning light

for low pressure in hydraulic transmission system
should come on. In this case, ask your Dealer’s specia-
lized workshop for help.

3-6
 Instruments and controls

3
Fig. 3-9 Instrument panel

Instrument panel
Operation indicator lights (Fig.3-9)

1 - 4WD engaged indicator – orange (if mounted).
2 - Creeper engaged indicator - orange (if mounted).
3 - Diff lock indicator - orange.
4 - Main beam indicator – blue.
5 - Direction indicator light for 2nd trailer – green.
6 - Side light indicator – green.
7 - Direction indicator light for 1 trailer – green.
st
10- Overspeed power take-off (only NAO markets).
NOTE: A flashing indicator light signals a problem with
the controller. In this case, ask your Dealer’s specialized
workshop for help.
11- Indicator of 540ECO RPM PTO engaged – orange.
12- Synchronized PTO engaged indicator – orange. (if
mounted).
13- PTO speed selector lever engaged indicator - orange.
14- Front PTO engaged indicator (if mounted) - orange.

15- Left turn indicator.

8- Glow plugs pre-heating indicator (if mounted) - oran-
ge. 16- Right turn indicator.

9 - Rear independent PTO engaged indicator – orange. 17-18 Buttons for adjustments.

3-7
Instruments and controls

Digital instrument panel Power take-off speed indicator

Fig. 3-12

The indicator (1) displays the operating rate of the PTO

with great accuracy. The operating rate of implements
for which the rotation speed must be precisely selected
can therefore be kept under constant control.
Speed indicator of the PTO engaged (2):
540RPM; 540ECO RPM; 1000RPM.

Speedometer - Digital panel

Fig.3-10

RPM meter and hour counter

The engine rate is displayed by a pointer on the outer
graduated scale. The pointer should never reach the Fig. 3-13
2450 RPM zone which shows excessive engine speed.

Clock and hour counter The speedometer displays the ground speed of the
tractor without considering wheel slip. The speed can
be expressed in kph or mph, depending on the country
in which the tractor is to be used.

NOTE: If the originally fitted tyres must be changed for

Fig. 3-11 special jobs, the speedometer can be re-programmed
to suit the size of the new ones.
Clock (1)
Hour setting
Minute setting

Hour counter (2)

The hour meter (2) in the lower part of the instrument
shows the time actually worked, regardless of the
engine speed rate.
• Hours are shown by 5 white digits.
• 1/10ths of an hour are shown by a yellow digit.

LCD - Fig.3-11 (if mounted)

3 - Engaged gear/range indicator

4 - Drive direction indicator

= Forward gear indicator

= Reverse gear indicator

5 - Reverseshuttle indicator
N = Reverseshuttle neutral
F = Forward speeds
R = Reverse speeds

3-8

Engine coolant temperature gauge
Fig. 3-14
• Green area = ambient temperature. Wait for the
pointer to reach the green area, indicating the normal
operating temperature.
• Green area = normal operating temperature.
• Red area = temperature too high.
The overheating warning light (1) comes on at 95-105°C
(221-230°C). Possible causes of engine overheating:
a. Low engine coolant level.
b. Radiator caked with mud, dust, straw, etc.
c. Build-up of deposits in coolant circuit.
d. Loose fan belt.
e. Faulty thermostat.
CAUTION: If the engine temperature is too high, let
the engine idle immediately but do not switch it off.
If the temperature gauge stays in the red, identify
the cause immediately and seek expert advice if
necessary.
Fuel level gauge
Fig.3-15
When the pointer moves into the yellow zone and the
red reserve warning light (1) comes on, there are still
about 10 liters of fuel in the tank.
Instruments and controls
Instrument controls
Fig.3-16a
LCD1, LCD2, LCD3 refer to the 3 digital displays, while
P1 and P2 refer to the left and right selection buttons,
respectively (Fig.3-16a).
When the instrument is off (ignition key OFF), LCDs 2 and
3 do not display any character, while LCD 1 displays the
time and total hours of work. 3
By turning the ignition key from OFF to ON, the instrument
will conduct an initial check, it turns on all the lights and
the characters of LCDs 1, 2 and 3. After a few seconds,
it will be set to a default status, in which LCD 1 displays
the time, time worked and the powershift range direc-
tion of travel. LCD 2 displays the speed (in Km/h or MPH
depending on the country) and LCD 3 shows the PTO
type and speed.
By turning the key ON-OFF-ON, this always takes the tool
to the default condition illustrated above.
We will divide the actions set by keys P1 and P2 into
Normal Mode and Setup Mode.
Normal Mode
LCD2 involved only
Each time the P1 button is pressed (not for an extended
period of time), the LCD2 screen displays the Speed
(Km/h), the processed area (ha) and distance (Km).
Processed area
By briefly pressing the P2 key in the processed area
position, the count of the processed area is activated
(the symbol shown in Fig.3-16b starts to flash). By briefly
pressing the P2 key again, the count stops (the relative
symbol stops flashing and stays on).
Fig.3-16b
3-9
Instruments and controls

Distance covered
By briefly pressing the P2 key in the distance covered
position, the count of the distance covered is activated
(the symbol shown in Fig.3-17 flashes). By briefly pressing
the P2 key again, the count stops (the relative symbol
stops flashing and stays on).

Continued pressure (more than 5 sec) of the P2 button

allows to reset such measures. Fig.3-17

By turning the ignition key ON-OFF-ON, this takes the

instrument to the default condition whilst keeping the
counts made.

Setup Mode
Access to the setup menu Fig.3-18a.
To access the menu, follow the procedure below:
- Ignition key OFF (instruments cluster OFF).
- Press and hold the P1 button on the instruments cluster,
turn ignition key left to ON (cluster start-up)
NOTE: - Press and hold the P1 button P1 for at least 6
seconds after turning the ignition key to the ON position.
- The central display will indicate the software of the lin-
struments cluster for two seconds and will then display
the setup menu.
Fig.3-18a
The central display show two lines:
- The top line indicates the number of the menu.
- The bottom line indicates the setup value for the menu
displayed.
Example Fig. 3-18b: The menu reported at the top in-
dicates number 2 (AC2). AC2 (corrisponds to the index
radious of the tyre), which is set to 800.
There are 8 menus listed as ACXX (eg.: AC01 is the first
one) (see Setup Menu Table). To switch from one menu to
the other, press the P2 button on the instruments cluster.
To change the value of a selected menu, press the P1 but-
ton for more than 2 seconds. The second line that shows Fig.3-18b
the value will start to flash.

Changing the setup values

After selecting the desired menu: - By pressing and holding the P1 button for 4-5 seconds,
- Press the P1 button to choose the number to edit (the the selected value will be selected and the lowest line
number is flashing). will stop flashing.
- Press the P2 button to change the number. - To exit the setup menu, turn off (ignition key set to OFF).

Setup Menu Table

NOTE: When the message "NOT in the Operator menu" is featured, DO NOT enter this menu.
Menu Description Operator Menu

AC1 Tool width Operator Menu

AC2 Rear tyre Operator Menu
AC3 Type of tractor NOT for the Operator menu
AC4 PdF type and PdF indication of the speed NOT for the Operator menu
AC5 Destination market NOT for the Operator menu
AC6 Operator presence switch NOT for the Operator menu
AC7 Speed reading method NOT for the Operator menu
AC8 Clock setup Operator Menu

3-10
 Instruments and controls

Setup mode size of the tool, type of tyre and clock.

NOTE: if you wait more than 10 seconds without con-

ducting any operation, the panel automatically exits the
setup procedure. To resume the procedure, it is neces-
sary to start from the beginning.

P2 right button to change the menu

Fig.3-19
AC1 - Size of the tool - Fig.3-19
- Press the P1 left button to go to the next line: the digit
starts to flash.
- P2 right button to increase the number of centimeters.
- Press the P1 left button to go to the number of decime-
tres: use the P2 right button to change the value.
- Press the P1 left button to go to the the digit of the me-
tres: use the P2 right button to change the value.
- To save the width of the tool, press and hold the P1 left
button for 5 seconds.

AC2 - Size of rear tyres - Fig.3-20

To the figure corresponding to installed rear
Fig.3-20 3
tyres see table Fig.3-21.
- Press the P1 left button to go to the next line: the digit
starts to flash.
- P2 right button to to change the number from 0 to 5.
- Press the P1 left button to go to the next number: use
the P2 right button to change the value.
- Press the P1 left button to go to the next number: use Rear tyres R Index N.
the P2 right button to change the value.
- To save the size of the rear tyres, press and hold the P1
left button for 5 seconds. 18.4 R 38 825 19
20.8 R 38 875 20
480/70 R 38 800 18
520/70 R 34 775 17
520/70 R 38 825 19
580/70 R 38 875 20
600/65 R 34 775 17
AC8 - Clock - Fig.3-22 600/65 R 38 825 19
- Press the P1 left button to go to the next line: the 600/65 R 42 875 20
minutes start to flash. 650/65 R 38 875 20
- P2 right button to increase the numer of minutes from
0 to 60.
- Press the P1 left button to go to the number of hours: P2
right button to change the value from 01 to 24h. Table Fig.3-21
- To save the time press and width of the tool, press and
hold the P1 left button for 5 seconds.

Fig.3-22

3-11
Instruments and controls

Access to the tractor with cab Cab emergency exit

The rear window of the cab may be used as an emer-
WARNING: Do not jump on or off the tractor. gency exit.
It may cause injuries. Always face the tractor,
use the hand rails and steps, and get on or off
slowly. Maintain a minimum three point con-
tact to avoid falling (both hands on rails and
one foot on the step, or one hand on the hand
rail and both feet on the steps).

If you have to get out the cabin an emergency and it is

not possible to use the left door: turn the engine off,
open the rear door by means of the central handle and
get out quickly.

Enter or leave the tractor through the left-hand door.

3-12
 Instruments and controls

CAB
All non-metallic components within the cab comply with the ISO 3795 standard.
The cab is approved according to OECD codes concerning ROPS test (protection against overturning) and safety belts.
The cab is also approved for FOPS test (protection against falling objects) according to the required code.

Cab
The cab is made of steel section metal and is fixed
to the tractor by a double set of silent-block rubber
dampers that insulate the driving seat from vibrations
and engine noise. This allows the noise level to be kept
at very low values (86 dBA), improving the conditions in
which the operator works (Fig. 3-23).

Doors (5)
The doors can be opened from both the inside and out-
side and be kept in the open position by dampers. Both
doors can be locked with a key.

Rear window (4)

To open the rear window, just turn the handle in an
3
anticlockwise direction to release it and then push. Fig. 3-23
Dampers will keep the window in the open position.
Main cab components.
1 - Front work lights; 2 - Rotating beacon; 3 - Rear
Work lights work lights; 4 - Rear window; 5 - Fully opening doors
The cab can be equipped with additional front (1) and with safety lock; 6 - Rear view mirrors; 7 - Opening
rear (3) work lights which notably increase the visibility roof (Top).
during night work. The switches to operate the lights
are on the cab roof.

Rotating beacon
The rotating beacon is mounted on the rear part of the
cab. It is operated by means of switch (2 - Fig. 3-5) on
the dashboard.

3-13
Instruments and controls

Controls On Cab Roof

Fig. 3-24

1 - Inner lights

2 - Air conditioner controls.

3 - Air vents.

4 - Recirculation air vent inside the cab.

5 - Handle to open the sun-roof (Top only).

6 - Sun screen.

Fig. 3-24 Controls on cab roof

ONLY CAB WITH HATCH (if equipped)

WARNING: If the hatch in the cab roof is open

during work, the required protection against
falling objects is compromised. If there is such
danger, keep the roof hatch closed at all times.

3-14

HEATING AND AIR CONDITIONING
The cab heating and ventilating controls are all located
on cab roof. (Fig. 3-25).
Heating
Set the temperature adjuster knob (1) as required in the
red area for heating (Fig. 3-25).
Select the speed of the electric fan with knob (2), to adjust
the quantity of air let into the cab.
Use switch (3) to re-circulate the air and quickly heat
the cab.
WARNING: Make sure that the air conditioning
switch (6) is "OFF".
Instruments and controls
Air conditioning
NOTE: Make sure that the temperature control knob (1)
is in the blue area.
Remember to set the air circulation switch (3) to the
position 5 when the air conditioner is turned on.
1 - Make sure that all the doors and windows are shut
and then press the A/C button (6 - Fig.
3-25).
2 - With the engine running, turn the temperature adju-
ster knob (1)to obtain faster cooling.
3 - Turn the fan control knob (2) fully clockwise and
open the air vents (3 - Fig. 3-26) to obtain faster
cooling.
Lower the fan speed once the required temperatu-
re has been reached.
4 - Adjust the temperature with the knob (1 - fig.3-25).
NOTE: If the air-conditioning system is operated at a
low temperature for a long time, ice may form on the
3
evaporator. If this happens, or if the automatic tempera-
ture control mechanism cuts out the system, adjust the
temperature control to increase the temperature setting.
If the problem persists, increase the fan speed.
5 - Adjust the fan speed to maintain comfortable ope-
rating conditions.
NOTE: See the cab maintenance section for filter use
and maintenance.
CAUTIONS:
The air conditioner will not operate when the engi-
ne is at a standstill as the compressor is operated by
the engine itself.
Make sure that the air conditioner control is in the
off position before starting the engine.
WARNING: If the tractor is to remain unused
for a long period of time, or if the system is
not used, remember to allow the air condi-
tioner to operate for about 15 minutes each
week. This precautionary measure prevents
gas from leaking from the compressor.
3-15
Instruments and controls

Cab heating, air circulation and air

conditioning controls in the cab -
Fig. 3-25
1 - Temperature control knob.
Blue area - Cold air
Red area - Hot air

2 - Fan switch.
0 - OFF
1 - Slow
2 - Medium
3 - Fast

1 - Temperature control knob.

Blue area - Cold air
Red area - Hot air
Fig. 3-25

3 - Switch to re-circulate the air in the cab or fresh air

from outside.
4 - For fresh air from outside.
5 - To re-circulate the air in the cab.

6 - Air conditioner switch.

Press to turn on the air conditioning system.
Press again to turn off the air conditioning system.

Ventilation – Fig. 3-26

The cab ventilation is operated by means of 6 front air
vents (3). Position the air flow in the required direction
by turning the vents.

The air that flows into the cab can be drawn from either
inside the cab or outside by means of the vents.

The control (1) allows the internal air of the cab to be

recycled.

Internal air recycling in the cab

The rear vent (2) allow the internal air to be recycled.
– Open vent: a great quantity of air is sucked up from
inside the cab by this vent and recycled through the Fig. 3-26
air vents.
– Closed vent: air is sucked up from the outside into
the cab after passing through the external filters.

CAUTION: Do not open the front, rear or side

windows, nor any doors, during work. The noise
inside the cab would increase to such an extent as
to require the operator to wear ear muffs or other
individual protection gear against noise.

3-16
 Instruments and controls

Steering wheel adjustment

The steering wheel can be adjusted in height by un-
screwing the knob (1 - Fig. 3-27). It can be tilted to suit
the driver's requirements after having released the lever
(2 - Fig. 3-27).

Seat
The driver's seat has devices to adjust the suspension,
height and distance from the controls (Fig. 3-28).

Seat suspension
This can be modified to suit the driver's weight by
means of the adjuster lever, which is easily accessible
from the driver's seat (3 - Fig. 3-28).

Weight and height indicator (4 - Fig. 3-28) Fig.3-27

Seat height adjustment 3

Use knob (2 - Fig. 3-28) to raise or lower the seat.

NOTE: Pneumatic seat suspension, which is adjusted

for height and distance in the same ways, is available in
certain countries on request.

Regulating the distance

The seat can be moved forwards or backwards by relea-
sing the relative lever (7 - Fig. 3-28).

Backrest tilting (6).

Support in the lumbar region (5). Available on

request.

Standard type seat with foldable arm rests, with adju-

stable distance (1 - Fig. 3-29) and adjustable suspension
(2 - Fig. 3-29).
Fig.3-28 - Seat on request

Fig.3-29 - Standard seat

3-17
Instruments and controls

Operator present sensor

The seat cushion acts as a switch. The moment no load
is sensed (the operator’s own weight) an alarm sounds
(Fig.3-30).

WARNING: To warn the operator of incorrect

usage, the tractor has an automatic alarm
system that sounds when the operator is not
correctly seated in driving position while the
machine is being used.

In all machines, both with mechanic and hydraulic

gearbox, this alarm sounds whenever the operator
leaves his/her seat without turning off the engine, and
is silenced only after engaging the parking brake and
shifting the gear to neutral. Fig.3-30

Machines with hydraulic reverse shuttle are equip- Second passenger seat
ped with a further restraint that acts (whenever the
operator gets off his/her seat without turning off CAUTION: For machines with a seat for a second pas-
the engine) with inhibition of forward and reverse senger. The seat for a second passenger (with a seat
hydraulic clutches if the tractor is at standstill. If belt that must be worn at all times) may be occupied
the tractor is moving, the system inhibits the same only when driving on road, but not when working in
clutches as soon as the neutral position of the rever- the field.
se shuttle lever is sensed: in such a condition it is
therefore required to shift the shuttle in neutral to Decal
stop the tractor. (if the tractor is pro-
vided with a second
passenger seat).
WARNING: Do not tamper with this compo-
nent in any way.
WARNING: The seat
for a second passen-
Contact your Dealer immediately if the system is not ger (with a seat belt
operating correctly. that must be worn
at all times) may be
occupied only when
driving on road, but
not when working in
the field.

Second passenger seat open to be used. Second passenger seat closed.

Fig.3-31 - Second passenger seat

3-18
 Instruments and controls

MISCELLANEOUS
Fig. 3-32

1 - Quick couplings. Quick couplings of the «Push-

Pull» type for auxiliary spool valves are supplied for
remote controls.

2 - Oil union for hydraulic trailer brakes. (Available

on request on certain markets).

3 - 7-pin rear power socket for trailer.

4 - Oil recovery sump.

5 - Terminal of trailer air brakes (optional)

Fig.3-32

3-19
Instruments and controls

Page left intentionally blank

3-20
Operation

Chapter 4
Operation 4

4-1
Operation
OPERATION
WARNING: Carefully read the starting instruc-
tions before starting the tractor.
WARNING: Always take into account the use
of the machine and the work place. Take
every precaution, specially if there is a high
risk of fire.
WARNING: DO NOT start the tractor from the
ground. Always start the tractor only from the
operator’s seat.
WARNING: DO NOT start the tractor if the
bonnet is open or the guards are removed.
WARNING: The operator must always seat in
his/her place when driving the tractor both in
the field and on roads. DO NOT stand up from
your seat when the tractor is moving.
ENGINE
Starting the engine
WARNING: The engine may be started only in
the conditions given here under. If this fails
to occur, have the tractor repaired by your
Dealer or authorized service centre.
A- Check that the reverse shuttle and gearshift levers
are in neutral.
B- For tractors with hydraulic PTO, disengage the
control (switch).
For tractors with front PTO, disengage the control
(switch).
C- Make sure the auxiliary valve levers are in neutral.
D- Depress the clutch pedal all the way.
TURBO ENGINE: Allow the engine to run for a few
seconds with the starter motor to allow the turbo com-
pressor to be lubricated.
As soon as the engine starts, accelerate to a 1000-1200
RPM rate without increasing further until the engine has
reached the normal operating temperature.
E- Turn the ignition key to the contact position. Then
turn the ignition key to the “START” position. Rele-
ase the key as soon as the engine fires and quickly
set the accelerator lever to the idling speed.
4-2
Cold weather starting (temperatures
below 0°C)(32°F)
CAUTION: When outdoor temperatures drop
to around or below 0°C. (32°F), check the
cooling system and if necessary add the
recommended antifreeze.
WARNING: Do not inject fluids (ether) to
make the engine easier to start in cold
weather. The tractor is equipped with a cold
weather starting system.
Proceed as follows:
- Perform operations A,B, C, as instructed above.
- Turn the ignition key to the pre-heat position (the
indicator light (1 - Fig.4-1A) comes on and keep it
there for 20 seconds, then turn the ignition key to the
“START” position. If the engine fails to start within 15
seconds, return the key to the pre-heating position.
- Wait a further 10 seconds and then turn the ignition
key to the “START” position again.
- As soon as the engine starts, release the key.
- If the engine fails to start, repeat the pre-heating or
starting procedure as described above.
NOTE:
- If the engine fails to start after two or three attempts
and smoke can be seen coming out of the exhaust,
repeat the starting procedure without the thermostar-
ter pre-heating phase.
- Do not keep the key turned to the start position for
more than 10 seconds at a time.
- Wait at least 1 minute between one attempt at starting
and another.
If the engine does not start regularly and easily, do not
continue as for you may run down the battery. Bleed
any air that may have accumulated in the fuel system
and, if the problem persists, check that:
- The fuel filters are not blocked.
- The battery and thermostarter are efficient.
- The fuses of the ignition circuit are in good conditions
and that the fuel shut-off valve is open (contact your
dealer or a specialized workshop).
Fig.4-1A

Starting the tractor
WARNING: Before moving off, make sure
you are perfectly familiar with the brakes,
transmission, PTO, diff lock and engine shut
off.
After starting the engine:
1 - Fully depress the clutch pedal, select the gear
required and then select the speed range.
WARNING: Make sure that the reverse shut-
tle lever is set for the direction required.
2 - Release the parking brake.
WARNING: Look out of bystanders, especial-
ly when backing up.
3 - Accelerate the engine slightly and gradually release
the gearshift clutch pedal.
4 - Move your foot completely off the clutch pedal and
slowly accelerate until you have reached the speed
you need.
CAUTION: Do not keep your foot on the
gearshift clutch pedal when driving and
remember to check and adjust the clutch to
prolong its life and avoid sudden damage to
it.
CAUTION: If your tractor is equipped with
a mechanical reverse shuttle, always bring
the tractor to a complete standstill before
changing direction.
Accelerator pedal
The accelerator pedal can over-ride the setting of the
hand throttle lever to accelerate the engine. However,
when you release the pedal, the engine returns to the
speed set by the hand lever.
When using the accelerator pedal, always set the hand
throttle lever to the idling position.
Operation
Stopping the tractor
- Reduce the engine speed.
- Depress the gearshift clutch pedal to disengage
drive.
- Once the tractor has come to a stop, move the gear
lever and speed range lever to neutral before relea-
sing the gearshift clutch pedal.
- Use both pedal brakes to stop the tractor and then
apply the parking brake. (1 - Fig.4-1b)
Turning off the engine
- Turn the hand throttle lever to the “Idling” position.
Engage the first gear, then apply the parking brake.
- Stop the engine by turning the ignition key to the
STOP position to disconnect all electrical circuits.
Remove the key.
TURBO ENGINE: Take care when stopping the engine
after a period of operation at full load. It is advisable
to allow it to idle for 3 or 4 minutes before stopping it.
This allows the overheated compressor to cool down to
an acceptable temperature.
Running in
For a correct running in, it is necessary to observe all 4
precautions called for in the Maintenance section.
WARNING: whenever the tractor is left unattended,
the ignition key must be removed.
Fig.4-1
4-3
Operation

Clutch
Gearshift clutch pedal (Fig. 4-2).

- Pos. 1 up = drive engaged.

- Pos. 2 down = drive disengaged.

Make your gear changes gradually. When the engine

is under load, do not slip the clutch to accelerate, but
change to a lower gear.

WARNING:
- Never keep your foot resting on the gear-
shift clutch pedal when driving.
- Never coast down slopes with the gear Fig. 4-2
lever in neutral.

4-4
 Operation

Gearbox Gearbox Gearshift levers.

Fig. 4-3 - Top
The gearbox is available with a number of options to
meet specific needs. 1 - Gearshift lever.
2 - Speed range selector lever.
Techno
Standard “Speedsix” gearbox with reverse
shuttle: This is the basic version with six synchronized
gears in three speed ranges (Low - Standard - High) and
gives 18 forward speeds and 18 reverse speeds with
the synchronized reverse shuttle.

The other available options are:

Creeper: Reduces all the speeds of the standard ge-

arbox by 80% (ratio 5:1), obtaining 36 forward speeds
and 36 reverse speeds.

Fig. 4-3

Gear lever 4
The lever has six different positions. All six gears are
fully synchronized.

Fig. 4-4
Six lever positions
equivalent to six
ground speeds.

To change from one gear to another within the same

speed range, simply depress the gearshift clutch pedal
and move the gear lever to its new position. There is no
need to stop the tractor.

4-5
Operation

Speed range selector lever Synchro reverse shuttle lever

The speed range selector lever has three possible
positions corresponding to the low, standard and high
speed ranges (Fig. 4-5). Each speed range is identified
by a symbol on the knob of the lever.
Fig. 4-6
To engage the forward or reverse gears, you must de-
press the gearshift clutch pedal, stop the tractor and
then select the required reverse shuttle lever position.
You must do this even if the gears are synchronized.

A - Forward gears.
N - Neutral.
Fig. 4-5 R - Reverse gears.
Gating layout of the
speed range selector
lever showing the three
speed ranges

Low range

Standard range

High range
Fig. 4-6

To change from one speed range to another, disengage CAUTION: To engage the reverse shuttle with the
the gearshift clutch pedal, bring the tractor to a comple- synchronized engagemente, depress the clutch
te standstill before moving the speed range selector to pedal, stop the tractor, then select the required
its new position. reverse shuttle lever position.

WARNING: Ensure that the safety equipment

allow the engine to be started only when the
reverse shuttle and PTO control levers are
in neutral position. Never disable the safety
equipment. If it does not operate correctly,
let it be adjusted by specialized personnel
only.

4-6
 Operation

Creeper control lever

Fig. 4-7
Optional extra

To engage or disengage the creeper range, depress the

gearshift clutch, bring the tractor to a complete stan-
dstill and then move the creeper lever to the desired
position.

The standard speeds of the gearbox are

engaged.

Neutral position.

Ultra-slow speeds, 80% lower than the Fig. 4-7

standard speeds, are engaged.

The Creeper should only be used in the Low

Range.

4
Indicator light
Two arrow-shaped lights on the instrument panel show
the drive direction (Fig.4-8).

1 - Forward gears (green)

2 - Reverse gears (orange)
3 - Gear/range indicator light (if fitted)
4 - Reverse shuttle range indicator light
F = Forward
N = Neutral - Reverse shuttle in neutral
R= Reverse

Fig. 4- 8

4-7
Operation

Ground speed table
The following table gives the various speeds, in kph,
which different types and versions of the tractor can
reach at maximum speed rate. The table shows the
speeds of the basic 40 kph max. gearbox, comprising
18 standard speeds and 18 speeds with the reverse
shuttle.
The table also gives the supplementary speeds that can be
obtained when one of the following “OPTIONALS” is added
to the basic gearbox:
- CREEPER (80% reduction) The Creeper should only be
used in the Low Range.

Models 125 - 135

Speeds in kph with the engine at 2200 RPM and rear tyres as shown: (mph: multiply kph by .621)

REAR TYRES

480/70 R 38 18.4 R 38
RANGE

520/70 R 38

STANDARD STANDARD
SPEEDSIX CREEPER STANDARD CREEPER
GEAR

GEARBOX GEARBOX

1 1.83 0.34 1.89 0.35

2 2.36 0.44 2.44 0.46
3 3.06 0.57 3.15 0.59
4 3.94 0.74 4.07 0.76
Low 5 5.07 0.95 5.23 0.98
FORWARD GEARS

6 6.73 1.26 6.94 1.30

1 4.55 0.85 4.70 0.88

2 5.87 1.10 6.06 1.13
3 7.61 1.42 7.84 1.46
4 9.79 1.83 10.09 1.88
Standard 5 12.61 2.35 13.00 2.43
6 16.72 3.12 17.25 3.22

1 10.77 2.01 11.11 2.07

2 13.89 2.59 14.33 2.67
3 17.98 3.36 18.55 3.46
4 23.15 4.32 23.88 4.46
High 5 29.80 5.56 30.74 5.74
6 39.57 7.39 40.82 7.62

1 1.90 0.36 1.96 0.37

2 2.45 0.46 2.53 0.47
3 3.18 0.59 3.27 0.61
4 4.09 0.76 4.22 0.79
Low 5 5.26 0.98 5.43 1.01
6 6.98 1.30 7.20 1.34

1 4.72 0.88 4.87 0.91

2 6.09 1.14 6.20 1.17
3 7.89 1.47 8.13 1.52
REVERSE SHUTTLE

4 10.15 1.90 10.47 1.96

Standard 5 13.07 2.44 13.48 2.52
6 17.34 3.24 17.89 3.34

1 11.17 2.09 11.52 2.15

2 14.41 2.69 14.86 2.77
3 18.65 3.48 19.24 3.59
4 24.01 4.48 24.77 4.62
High 5 30.91 5.77 31.88 5.95
6 41.04 7.66 42.33 7.90

4-8

Ground speed table
The following table gives the various speeds, in kph,
which different types and versions of the tractor can
reach at maximum speed rate. The table shows the
speeds of the basic 40 kph max. gearbox, comprising
18 standard speeds and 18 speeds with the reverse
shuttle.
Operation
The table also gives the supplementary speeds that can be
obtained when one of the following “OPTIONALS” is added
to the basic gearbox:
- CREEPER (80% reduction) The Creeper should only be
used in the Low Range.

Models 145 - 165 - 180

Speeds in kph with the engine at 2200 RPM and rear tyres as shown: (mph: multiply kph by .621)

REAR TYRES
145 165 - 180
18.4 R 38 20.8 R 38
520/70 R 38 580/70 R 38
RANGE

600/65 R 38 650/65 R 38
STANDARD STANDARD
SPEEDSIX CREEPER STANDARD CREEPER
GEAR

GEARBOX GEARBOX

1 1.76 0.33 1.83 0.34

2 2.26 0.42 2.36 0.44
3 2.93 0.55 3.06 0.57
4 3.78 0.70 3.94 0.73
FORWARD GEARS

Low 5 4.86 0.91 5.07 0.95

6 6.45 1.20 6.72 1.25

1
2
4.36
5.63
0.81
1.05
4.55
5.87
0.85
1.09 4
3 7.28 1.36 7.59 1.42
4 9.38 1.75 9.78 1.82
Standard 5 12.07 2.25 12.59 2.35
6 16.02 2.99 16.70 3.17

1 10.32 1.93 10.76 2.01

2 13.30 2.48 13.87 2.59
3 17.23 3.22 17.96 3.35
4 22.18 4.14 23.13 4.32
High 5 28.55 5.33 29.77 5.56
6 37.88 7.07 39.50 7.38

1 1.82 0.34 1.90 0.35

2 2.35 0.44 2.45 0.46
3 3.04 0.57 3.17 0.59
4 3.92 0.73 4.08 0.76
Low 5 5.04 0.94 5.25 0.98
6 6.69 1.25 6.97 1.30

1 4.52 0.84 4.72 0.88

2 5.83 1.09 6.08 1.14
3 7.55 1.41 7.88 1.47
REVERSE SHUTTLE

4 9.72 1.82 10.14 1.89

Standard 5 12.52 2.34 13.05 2.44
6 16.61 3.10 17.32 3.23

1 10.70 2.00 11.16 2.08

2 13.80 2.58 14.39 2.69
3 17.86 3.34 18.63 3.48
4 23.00 4.29 23.98 4.48
High 5 29.60 5.53 30.87 5.76
6 39.30 7.34 40.98 7.65

4-9
Operation

Electro-hydraulic PTO
The rear power take-off is fully independent from the
transmission. It is engaged by means of a multi-disc
oil-cooled hydraulic clutch.

The PTO is engaged by means of the switch (1- Fig.4-

10).

An indicator light on the instrument panel comes on

when the PTO is engaged (2 - Fig.4-13).

Use: engagement/disengagement
Engage/disengage the front PTO (1 - Fig.4-9 and Fig.4-
10) by the ON/OFF button switch with engine at idling
speed.

Depressed button switch: disengaged PTO

Released button switch: engaged PTO Fig. 4-9 - Disengagement

To engage the PTO, release the switch (1) by pulling up Fully depress the ON/OFF switch (1). The PTO indicator
the locking collar (2) (Fig.4-10). light on the instrument panel (2 - Fig.4-32) goes off.
Always shift the switch in the OFF disengaged posi-
tion (Fig.4-9) after using the PTO or before starting the
engine.

NOTE: The engine can be started only if the PTO enga-

gement switch is in the OFF position and the PTO enga-
gement lever (3 - Fig.4-11B) is in the neutral position.

Engage the PTO at a low RPM speed to protect the clutch

and driveline.

Select the operating mode and the required speed before

engaging the PTO.

IMPORTANT: For high-inertia implements (e.g. stone

crusher, mill etc.) the universal joint for cardan shaft
is to be used.

WARNING: When using the PTO with the

tractor at a standstill, always make sure
that the creeper lever of the gearshift in
neutral position and that the parking brake
is engaged. Fig. 4-10 - Engagement

WARNING: High-inertia implements do not
stop immediately after the independent PTO
has been disengaged. Wait for the implement
to slow down or stop completely before
performing any cleaning or adjustment
operations.
IMPORTANT: When using implements that cause shock
loads, always use a safety coupler between the implement
and the PTO drive shaft. Before using the implement, check
the correct operation both of the safety coupler and of the
implement.
Pull up the locking collar (2) of the ON/OFF button, then
pull the button (1) to the ON position. Now the button
will remain on the ON position, while the PTO indicator
light on the instrument panel (2 - Fig.4-13) lights up.
IMPORTANT: When using implements with quickly
moving parts (such as mowers, reapers, snowplows)
ALWAYS fit an overrun device on the implement drive
shaft, as a protection against possible PTO faults.

4-10
 Operation

Electro-hydraulic Power take off

Electro-hydraulic PTO controls - Fig. 4-11A/B

1 - PTO clutch engagement switch.

2 - Independent or synchronized PTO selector lever.
3 - 540/540ECO RPM or 540/1000 RPM PTO selector
levers.

PTO operation

Power take off operating mode selector lever (2 -

Fig. 4-11B).

Independent PTO. Fig. 4-11A
The PTO is driven straight by the engine.

Neutral

PTO proportional to ground speed.
The PTO is driven by the gearbox. (Locked
at the factory.

Independent PTO
The independent PTO can operate at 540 RPM with
a 1944 RPM engine rate or at 1000 RPM with a 1956
RPM engine rate (540ECO RPM with a 1322 RPM engi- 4
ne rate is available on request). In this operating mode,
the PTO is driven straight by the engine and it operates
irrespective of the tractor ground speed. Fig. 4-11B

Power take-off engagement

Fig. 4-11A/B

- Select the required speed 540/540ECO/1000 RPM

with the selector lever (3).
Electro-hydraulic PTO speed indica-
tor - Engage the PTO mode selector lever (2).

- Engage the power take-off (1).

- During the work, the PTO can be engaged/disenga-

ged by means of the relative control lever (1).

WARNING: For high-inertia implements (e.g.

stone crusher, mill etc.) the universal joint for
cardan shaft is to be used.
Fig. 4-12

The indicator (1) displays the operating rate of the PTO
with great accuracy. The operating rate of implements
for which the rotation speed must be precisely selected
can therefore be kept under constant control.
Speed indicator of the PTO engaged (2):
540RPM; 540ECO RPM; 1000RPM.
WARNING: High-inertia implements do not
stop immediately after the independent PTO
has been disengaged. Wait for the imple-
ment to slow down or stop completely be-
fore performing any cleaning or adjustment
operations.

4-11
Operation

Speed selection PTO overspeed (NAO markets only)

To switch from 540 RPM to 1000 RPM (or 540ECO RPM)
and vice versa, use the speed selector hand lever (3 - Fig.
4-11B) that can have three positions:
540 RPM
The indicator light (1 - Fig.4-13) on the dashboard co-
mes on if the max. allowed rated PTO speed is excee-
ded.
Reduce the engine rated speed to reduce the PTO
speed.

NOTE: A flashing indicator light signals a problem with

Neutral the controller. In this case, ask your Dealer’s specialized
workshop for help.

1000 RPM or 540ECO RPM

CAUTION: When the PTO is not used, the speed

range selector lever should always be in neutral
position (lever 3, position N, Fig. 4-11B).

CAUTION: Disengage the PTO clutch (switch 1, Fig.

4-9) before switching between two speed ranges.

WARNING: Only use PTO at 540 RPM (or 540ECO) or

at 1000 RPM to drive implements designed for such
respective rotation speeds. Never allow the PTO shaft
to rotate at more than 630 RPM with implements de-
signed for 540 RPM.

Economy power take-off Fig. 4-13

1- Overspeed power take-off (only NAO markets).

A PTO speed of 540 RPM can be obtained (for imple-
ments that do not require maximum power, such as
2 - Rear independent PTO engaged indicator – orange.
fertilizer spreaders, sprayers, etc.) by using the PTO at
540ECO RPM and decelerating to 1322 RPM. The PTO
3 - Indicator of 540ECO RPM PTO engaged – orange.
economy mode has a number of advantages, including
a reduction in fuel consumption, noise and vibrations.
4 - Synchronized PTO engaged indicator – orange.
CAUTION: Economy PTO 540 ECO runs at 1322 RPM.
5 - PTO speed selector lever engaged indicator - orange.
Never exceed 1817 RPM engine rate (corresponding
to 630 RPM of the PTO driveline) to avoid damages
6 - Front PTO engaged indicator (if mounted) - orange.
to the driveline itself and the connected implement.

4-12
 Operation

Synchronized ground drive PTO

mode
On request

Synchronized use of the rear power take-off (lever 2 -

Fig.4-14) with the gearbox is solely designed for towing
self-driven trailers and, more generally, for all those
farming implements which have to operate in synchro-
nism with tractor movement and which do not require
more than 40 - 45% of rated engine power. Engage
the synchronized PTO with the tractor at a standstill;
disengage the gearshift clutch by depressing the clutch
pedal.

WARNING: When using the synchronized PTO and

if you are forced to reverse once or several times,
remember that the driveline inverts its spinning di- Fig. 4-14
rection. Thus, with certain implements, it is advisa-
ble to disengage the PTO when reversing in order to
avoid serious damage.

NOTE: For a table of the revolutions of the power take-

off output shaft for each revolution of the rear wheels,
see the Technical Specifications chapter.

4-13
Operation

How to change PTO drivelines

Various types of PTO driveline are available:

- 13/8” (34.9 mm) diameter driveline with 21 splines,
for 1000 RPM PTO, standard assembly.

- 13/8” (34.9 mm) diameter driveline with 6 splines, for

540 RPM PTO, mounted on request.

- 13/4” (44.45 mm) diameter driveline with 6 splines,

mounted on request.

- 13/4” (44.45 mm) diameter driveline with 20 splines,

mounted on request. 3
To change the output shaft, first remove the spring ring Fig.4-15
(2 - Fig. 4-15) using special nippers (3).
Take out the shaft (1). Thoroughly grease the new shaft
and fit it in place, making sure that it is fully inserted in WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devi-
its housing. ces for each operation. Beware of burns caused by
Fit the spring ring correctly back in place: replace it if it hot tractor parts.
is damaged or deformed.

PTO driveline connections

The 1000 RPM driveline has 21 splines and is stan-
dard assembly. The 540 RPM driveline has 6 splines
and is supplied with the tractor. Both drivelines are 35
mm in diameter and have a round groove so that the
implement can be correctly coupled. A removable cap
protects the grooving and the operator when the PTO is
not used.
1. Unscrew and remove the cap that protects the PTO
and keep it safe in the tool box so that it can be
fitted back when required (Fig. 4-16).
2. Connect the PTO driveline to the tractor’s splined
shaft. Make sure that the locking device fixes the
shaft firmly in place.
3. Make sure that all protections are mounted (1-2 Fig.
4-16). Fig.4-16

CAUTION: Never use the PTO driveline for 540 RPM if

the implement used requires a power greater than 56
kW (75 HP) since damages to the driveline itself and
to the connected implements could injure bystanders.
Implements requiring 56 kW (75 HP) may be used only
with PTO drivelines at 1000 RPM.

4-14
 Operation

Precautions when using the PTO

WARNING: PTO shafts and implements
operated by means of the PTO can be ex-
tremely dangerous. It is therefore advisa-
ble to comply with the following important
instructions:

PTO SHAFT GUARDS: NEVER operate without

the PTO cap (1,Fig.4-17) or shield (2,Fig.4-17)
mounted. These parts protect persons from
injuries and the shaft splines from damage.

WARNING: Before connecting, adjusting or

working on implements operated by the
PTO, disengage the PTO, stop the engine,
Fig.4-17
remove the key from the dashboard and
engage the parking brake. Do not work un-
der raised implements.
WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devi-
WARNING: Check to make sure that all ces for each operation. Beware of burns caused by
implements operated by the PTO are fitted hot tractor parts.
with the correct protections, are in a good
condition and comply with the provisions
established by law.

WARNING: Before driving an implement

through the PTO, ALWAYS make sure that
all bystanders are well away from the trac-
tor.
WARNING: Fix the drawbar in the central
position when using implements that are
driven by the PTO of the tractor.
WARNING: When using the PTO drive with
a stationary tractor, ALWAYS make sure
that the gears are in neutral and that the
parking brake is applied.
WARNING: Connect the implement to the
4
tractor drawbar before connecting the
implement driveline to the power take-off.
When connecting the implement driveline
to the tractor, check the driveline for cor-
rect length, for practicable slant and for free
telescopic movement. The correct length
is important to prevent the driveline from
hitting bottom or from separating in any
tractor or implement operating position.
An excessive slant could damage also the
power take-off guards.

WARNING: Before starting up any PTO-driven

implement hitched to the three-point linka-
ge, lift the implement to its full height using
position control and check that at least 1/4 of
Paddy fields warning
the total length of the telescopic section of the
CAUTION: When using the tractor in paddy fields
drive shaft is engaged.
or marshy ground, where the water level could rise
above the height of the PTO, ask your dealer for
WARNING: High-inertia implements do not instructions on all necessary waterproofing and se-
stop immediately after the independent PTO aling measures. If such measures are not taken, the
has been disengaged. Wait for the imple- guarantee could be rendered invalid.
ment to slow down or stop completely be-
fore performing any cleaning or adjustment
operations.

WARNING:Risk of entanglement. Keep clear

of rotating shafts. Be careful NOT to get
caught up by the cardan shaft of the PTO
drive-line. Keep all guards in place on the
transmission shafts on the tractor and im-
plements.

4-15
Operation
Brakes
The rear brakes are multi-disc oil-cooled units. Brake ac-
tion is hydraulic, controlled by pumps operated by the
pedals (1 - Fig. 4-18). The brake fluid reservoir (1 - Fig.
5-25) keeps the brake circuit supplied with fluid.
WARNING: When changing or topping up the
brake fluid in the reservoir, be absolutely
sure to use the correct type of fluid as diffe-
rent varieties have totally different proper-
ties. These machines use an LHM mineral-
based fluid. Never mix or exchange brake
fluids. See the Lubricant and Fuel Chart.
Main brakes
The main brakes are operated by means of two pedals
(1 - Fig. 4-18), one for each rear wheel. Braking on one
side assists steering in tight manoeuvres. By locking
the rear wheel on the inside of a curve, you can virtually
turn the tractor around on its own axis. For simulta-
neous braking during normal use and for on-road use,
simply lock the two pedals together with the special
brake coupling lock (2 - Fig. 4-18). It becomes even
more important to do this if the tractor is also equipped
with front brakes since a device installed in the hydrau-
lic control circuit only allows the front brakes to be used
if the two pedals are operated at the same time.
WARNING: Always keep the brake pedals
coupled for on-road driving to ensure simul-
taneous braking on all four wheels. Never
use the brakes independently when driving
on public roads.
WARNING: If you ever notice the brakes
becoming less effective, identify the cause
immediately and repair. When working on
slopes, avoid using the brakes as much as
possible and select a lower gear in order to
use engine braking.
Fig.4-18
4-16
Parking brake
A hand lever (1 - Fig. 4-19) controls the parking brake.
This acts, via a series of linkages, directly on the brake
discs and is fully independent of the foot brakes.
Parking brake engagement
- Fully depress the brake pedals.
- Pull the lever completely to operate the parking brake (1).
- Release the brake pedals and make sure that the tractor
is stopped.
- If this is not the case, pull the parking brake lever with
higher force.
When the parking brake is engaged, the warning lamp on
the instrument cluster will illuminate when the key switch
is turned to ON.
NOTE: The indicator light in the instrument panel lights
up when the parking brake is engaged, independently
of the force used for the engagement.
To start the tractor, shift into gear and release the parking
brake.
Parking brake release
- Fully depress the brake pedals.
- Pull the lever lightly (1), push down the button (2), let the
lever down and release the button.
IMPORTANT: Driving the tractor with the parking
brake partially engaged will cause damage to internal
transmission components. Make sure the brake is fully
off.
Fig.4-19
 Operation

Hydraulic trailer brake (Approved for

ITALY)
The tractor braking system can be equipped with a
hydraulic valve (1 - Fig. 4-20A) which, if connected to
the hydraulic circuit of the trailer brakes, allows the
trailer itself to be braked along with the tractor. .
Comply with the following instructions to correctly
connect and disconnect the flexible trailer brake tube
to and from the union (2 - Fig. 4-20A) at the rear of
the tractor and to always operate in conditions of the
utmost safety.

The trailer-tractor connecting tube can be connected

and disconnected with the engine either running or at a
standstill:
Fig.4-20A
- With the engine at a standstill: there are no difficul-
ties when either connecting or disconnecting as there
is no oil pressure in the brake circuit.
WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devi-
ces for each operation. Beware of burns caused by
- With the engine running: it is essential to engage
hot tractor parts.
the hand brake since this ensures that no pressure
remains in the brake circuit.

CAUTION: It is extremely important to always carry

out this operation before detaching the trailer from
the tractor since it ensures the immediate action of
the automatic safety braking system with which this
4
trailer braking system is obligatorily equipped. Hydraulic trailer brake (Approved for
FRANCE and EXPORT market)
There is a specific indicator light (3 - Fig. 4-20A) on the
control panel of the tractor which keeps the operator
The tractor braking system can be equipped with a de-
constantly informed about the operating conditions of
dicated hydraulic valve (1 - Fig. 4-20B) that, if connected
the trailer brake oil tap.
to the hydraulic circuit of the trailer brakes, allows the
trailer to be braked along with the tractor.
Indicator light off: The flexible tube of the trailer brakes should be connec-
- When the oil tap is not connected to the trailer. ted to the union (2 - Fig. 4-20B) installed at the rear of
- When the pressure of the oil in the circuit is regular the tractor.
with the trailer connected.

Indicator light on:

- When the engine is at a standstill and the ignition key
is turned to first position.
- When the hand brake is engaged with the engine
running.

WARNING: If the indicator light should

come on in conditions differing from those
mentioned above, this means that there is a
fault in the braking system and that use of it
must immediately stop for safety reasons.

Fig.4-20B

4-17
Operation

Locking the differential

The tractors are fitted with a system for locking the
differential on the rear and front axles on 4WD models.
They are used when a wheel slips because of lack of
grip. To lock the differentials, just press the button
(2 - Fig. 4-21) under the control panel of the electronic
power lift for a second.

A yellow function indicator on the instrument panel

lights up to indicate that the diff lock is engaged.

NOTE: For the best results, engage the diff lock before
the wheels are likely to slip. Do not engage the lock
while one of the wheels is actually slipping.

Depress one or both of the brake pedals to disengage

the diff lock.
Fig. 4-42
WARNING: Disengage the diff lock when you
need to turn the tractor. Disengage the lock
when driving on a road.

Four-wheel drive
4WD increases traction on broken ground, mud and
slippery surfaces, etc.
Press the button (1 - Fig. 4-21) to engage 4WD. When
4WD is engaged, an indicator light on the instrument
panel comes on. When it is disengaged, the light
remains off.

NOTE: Only use four-wheel drive when strictly neces-

sary. Avoid use of 4WD when maximum traction is not
required, e.g. on hard ground, roads, etc., since this
would only increase tyre wear unnecessarily.

4-18
 Operation

4WD Front axle WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devi-
ces for each operation. Beware of burns caused by
Adjusting the max. steering angle hot tractor parts.
The maximum steering angle of the 4WD front axle can
be varied depending on the type of tyre mounted and
the way the tractor is used. The angle is changed by
loosening the nut (2) and adjusting the stop screw (1 -
Fig. 4-22) on the final drive of the axle. Then tighten the
nut (2) again.
This adjustment is very useful when adopting minimum
track since it prevents the wheels from clashing with
the bonnet.
The maximum steering angle is 55°.

1 2
LEG89
Steering limit on front fender
Fig.4-22 - The position depends on tractor model.
To avoid the front fender clashing with the engine at the
max. steering angle, the hub cap rotation can be stop-
ped while leaving the kingpin free to reach the max.
steering angle (Fig. 4-23).
Loosen the nut (2) and adjust the screw (3) so that it 3
hits the bolt (1) before the hub cap clashes with the
engine. Then tighten the nut (2).

2 4
1

Fig.4-23 - The position depends on tractor model.

4-19
Operation

Adjusting front-wheel track

4WD axle - Adjusting front-wheel track
The front track on 4WD tractors can be adjusted by
changing the position of the hubs and central wheel
discs as shown in the table below (Fig. 4-25).

Make sure that the wheel nuts are correctly tightened
to the prescribed torque wrench setting (Fig. 4-24):
1 - Disk to hub: 270 Nm
2 - Rim to disk: 210 Nm


WARNING: When you lift up the tractor to
adjust the wheel tracks, follow the directions
for lifting in the Safety Notes section.

WARNING: Maximum attention must be used

Fig. 4-24
when dismounting the front wheels: because
of their weight, a suitable hoist must be used
to remove and handle the wheels. IMPORTANT: After removing and fitting the wheels back
again, it is important to check the torques of all bolts by
means of a torque wrench at the following intervals:
WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devi-
- First check after 10 work hours.
ces for each operation. Beware of burns caused by
- Second check after 50 work hours.
hot tractor parts.
- Third check and further checks every 500 work hours.

Adjusting front-wheel track for 4WD axle

Wheel disc pointing inwards Wheel disc pointing outwards

A E

B F

C G

D H

Fig. 4-45

4-20
 Operation

Adjusting front-wheel tracks - Table Fig. 4-25

Type of Radius Front-wheel tracks - mm

front tyre index Rims 125 - 135
mm Axle with central brakes - Interflange 1897
A B C D E F G H
420/70 R24* 590 W13-24 1666 1779 1867 1947 1947 1980 2035 2148
480/65 R24* 590 W13-24 1666 1779 1867 1947 1947 1980 2035 2148
380/70 R28 610 W12-28 1597 1709 1803 1879 1897 2009 2103 2215
14.9 R28 640 W12-28 1597 1709 1803 1879 1897 2009 2103 2215
420/70 R28 640 W14L-28 1597 1709 1803 1879 1897 2009 2103 2215
480/65 R28 640 W14L-28 1597 1709 1803 1879 1897 2009 2103 2215

* The wheels marked by an asterisk (420/70 R24 and 480/65 R24) are not mounted on 135.

Type of Radius Front-wheel tracks - mm

front tyre index Rims 145
mm Axle with side brakes - Interflange 1940
A B C D E F G H
14.9 R28 640 W12-28 1620 1732 1826 1902 1920 2032 2126 2238
420/70 R28 640 W14L-28 1620 1732 1826 1902 1920 2032 2126 2238
480/65 R28 640 W14L-28 1620 1732 1826 1902 1920 2032 2126 2238
16.9 R28 670 W14L-28 1620 1732 1826 1902 1920 2032 2126 2238
480/70 R28 670 W14L-28 1620 1732 1826 1902 1920 2032 2126 2238
540/65 R28 670 W14L-28 1620 1732 1826 1902 1920 2032 2126 2238

480/65 R28* 670 W14L-28 - - - 1900 1960 - - - 4

540/65 R28* 670 W14L-28 - - - 1900 1960 - - -
480/70 R28* 670 W14L-28 - - - 1900 1960 - - -

* The wheels marked by an asterisk are approved for 50 Kph for suspended axle only.

Type of Radius Front-wheel tracks - mm

front tyre index Rims 165
mm Axle with side brakes - Interflange 1940
A B C D E F G H
16.90 R28 670 W14L-28 1590 1702 1796 1875 1890 2002 2096 2208
480/70 R28 670 W14L-28 - - - - - - - -
540/65 R28 670 W14L-28 1590 1702 1796 1875 1890 2002 2096 2208

540/65 R28* 670 W14L-28 - - - 1900 1960 - - -

480/70 R28* 670 W14L-28 - - - 1900 1960 - - -

* The wheels marked by an asterisk are approved for 50 Kph (if permitted).

Type of Radius Front-wheel tracks - mm

front tyre index Rims 180
mm Axle with side brakes - Interflange 1940

16.90 R28 670 W14L-28 1516 1628 1722 1798 1816 1928 2022 2138
480/70 R28* 670 W14L-28 1516 1628 1722 1798 1816 1928 2022 2138
540/65 R28* 670 W14L-28 1516 1628 1722 1798 1816 1928 2022 2138

* The wheels marked by an asterisk are approved for 50 Kph (if permitted).

4-21
Operation
Adjusting rear-wheel tracks
125 - 135
The rear-wheel track can be adjusted by changing the
position at which the rear wheels are fixed to the wheel 
hubs or by inverting the position of the wheel discs
(Fig. 4-26B)

The torque wrench setting of the fastening nuts and

bolts (Fig. 4-26A) of the rim to the disk (1) is 240 Nm,
and of the disk (2) to the wheel hub is 320 Nm. It is
extremely important to check that the tyres are inflated
to the prescribed pressure.


Some tracks are not obtainable with certain types of

tyres (see table).
WARNING: When you lift up the tractor to
adjust the wheel tracks, follow the directions
for lifting in the Safety Notes section.
Fig. 4-26A - 125-135
WARNING: Maximum attention must be used
when dismounting the rear wheels: because IMPORTANT: After removing and fitting the wheels back
of their weight, a suitable hoist must be used again, it is important to check the torques of all bolts by
to remove and handle the wheels. means of a torque wrench at the following intervals:
- First check after 10 work hours.
WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devi- - Second check after 50 work hours.
ces for each operation. Beware of burns caused by - Third check and further checks every 500 work hours.
hot tractor parts.

Fig. 4-26B - Rear-wheel track adjustment - Positions of rim and disk

A D

B E

C F

Type of Radius Front-wheel tracks - mm Front-wheel tracks - mm

front tyre index Rims 125 135
mm

A B C D E F A B C D E F
520/70 R34 770 DWW16-34 - 1699 1781 1898 1982 2103 - - - - - -
600/65 R34 770 DWW16-34 - - 1781 1898 1982 2103 - - - - - -
480/70 R38 795 DWW15-38 1592 1692 1788 1888 1982 2092 1592 1692 1788 1888 1992 2092
520/70 R38 820 DW18L-38 - 1692 1788 1888 1982 2092 - 1692 1788 1888 1992 2092
600/65 R38 820 DW18L-38 - - 1788 1888 1982 2092 - - 1788 1888 1992 2092
18.4 R38 820 DWW15-38 1592 1692 1788 1888 1982 2092 1592 1692 1788 1888 1992 2092

4-22
 Operation
Adjusting rear-wheel tracks
145 - 165
The rear-wheel track can be adjusted by changing the
position at which the rear wheels are fixed to the wheel 
hubs or by inverting the position of the wheel discs
(Fig. 4-27B)

The torque wrench setting of the fastening nuts and

bolts (Fig. 4-27A) of the rim to the disk (1) is 240 Nm,
and of the disk (2) to the wheel hub is 320 Nm. It is
extremely important to check that the tyres are inflated
to the prescribed pressure.


Some tracks are not obtainable with certain types of

tyres (see table).
WARNING: When you lift up the tractor to
adjust the wheel tracks, follow the directions
for lifting in the Safety Notes section.
Fig. 4-27A - 145-165
WARNING: Maximum attention must be used
when dismounting the rear wheels: because IMPORTANT: After removing and fitting the wheels back
of their weight, a suitable hoist must be used again, it is important to check the torques of all bolts by
to remove and handle the wheels. means of a torque wrench at the following intervals:
- First check after 10 work hours.
WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devi- - Second check after 50 work hours.
ces for each operation. Beware of burns caused by - Third check and further checks every 500 work hours.
hot tractor parts.

4
Mod.145-165 - Rear track adjustment - Position of welded type rim and disc with two possible positions.

Type Steer- Rim Rear tracks - mm Rear tracks - mm

of tyre ing 145 165-180
index
mm
Minimum Maximum Minimum Maximum

520/85 R38 875 DWW 18 x 38 1776 1904 1806 1934

580/70 R38 875 DWW 18 x 38 1776 1904 1806 1934
600/65 R38 825 DWW 18 x 38 1776 1904 1806 1934
650/65 R38 875 DWW 20B x 38 1772 1908 1802 1938

4-23
Operation
Mod. 145* -165* - 180 Rear wheel tracks bar axle
WARNING: When you lift up the tractor to
adjust the wheel tracks, follow the directions
for lifting in the Safety Notes section.
WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devi-
ces for each operation. Beware of burns caused by
hot tractor parts.

WARNING: Maximum attention must be used
when dismounting the rear wheels: because
of their weight, a suitable hoist must be used
to remove and handle the wheels.
IMPORTANT: After removing and fitting the wheels back
again, it is important to check the torques of all bolts by
means of a torque wrench at the following intervals:
- First check after 10 work hours.
- Second check after 50 work hours.
- Third check and further checks every 500 work hours.

Mod. 145* -165* - 180

Rear wheel tracks
These models have a splined axle shaft where the hub
slides. This allows the interflange (1 - Fig. 4-30) to be
adjusted from 1896 mm to 2358 mm for 145* and from
1926 to 2358 mm for 165* - 180. This allows different
track widths to be obtained by moving the wheel on the
axle shaft, by changing the rim fixing points or by chan-
ging the positions of the sheet metal wheel discs.
1
The torque wrench setting for the nuts and bolts that fix 2
the rim to the disc (2 - Fig. 4-28) is 280 Nm and 320 Nm
to fix the disc to the wheel hub (1 - Fig. 4-28).

WARNING: Never use the tractor if the hub
and rim bolts are slack. The bolts that fix LEG95
the disc to the rim must be gradually tor-
qued in at least three stages and in a cros- Fig. 4-28 - Mod. 145* - 165* - 180
swise fashion until all have been locked to
* NOTE: A few models with short axle are excepted,
the appropriate torque setting.
available on request on some markets only. In this case
the maximum interflange is 79 mm shorter.
NOTE: 180 is provided only with discs welded to the
rims.

Mod. 145 -165 - 180 - Flange

adjustment on the axle shafts
See Fig. 4-28 and 4-29:
- Jack up the tractor to take the weight off the wheels.
Slacken off two hub bolts (1) by about five turns. Re-
move the two remaining bolts and screw them into
the puller holes (2).
- Tighten these latter until they touch the flange. Conti-
nue to screw them in alternately until the flange has
been released. The hub will now be free to slide on
the axle shaft.

NOTE: If the hub remains locked on the axle shaft, in-

sert a wedge shaped tool into the slit in the hub in order
to enlarge it slightly.
LEG96
- Set the hub in the desired point and remove the two
Fig. 4-29 - Mod 145 - 165 - 180
bolts (2). Tighten the fixing bolts to a 15-18 Kgm (108-
130 ft.lbs) torque setting.
- Proceed in the same way for the other wheel.

WARNING: There is a right-hand hub and a

left-hand one. They cannot be interchanged
with each other.

4-24
 Operation

I1 - Min 216
**
I2 - Max
LEG97

Fig. 4-30

Interflange * Mod. 145** - mm Mod. 165** - 180 - mm

I1 Minimum 1896 1926

I2 Maximum** 2328 2358

* The interflange (I) between the external flange that fixes the wheels on to the two adjustable hubs varies from a minimum
1896 mm to a maximum 2328 mm for 145** and from 1926 mm to 2358 mm for 165** and 185.
Lots of intermediate positions can therefore be obtained. The available track widths are doubled by setting the wheel
disc inwards or outwards. 4
The following tables only show minimum tracks with hubs in the tightest position and maximum tracks with hubs in the
widest position.
** NOTE: A few models with short axle are excepted, available on request on some markets only. In this case the maximum
interflange is 79mm shorter.

Type of Radius Mod. 145** Rear-wheel tracks - mm

front tyre index Rims
mm Minimum Maximum**
520/70 R38 820 DW18L-38 1660 2814
600/65 R38 820 DW18L-38 1764 2814
18.4 R38 820 DWW15-38 1660 2814
20.8 R38 855 DW18L-38 1660 2814
580/70 R38* 855 DWW18L-38 1864* 2510*
650/65 R38* 855 DW18L-38 1864* 2510*

Rear-wheel tracks - mm
Type of Radius
front tyre index Rims Mod.165** Mod. 180*
mm
Minimum Maximum** Minimum Maximum

20.8 R38 855 DWW18L-38 1690 2844 - -

20.8 R38* 855 DWW18L-38 - - 1894* 2544*
580/70 R38* 855 DWW18L-38 1894* 2544* 1894* 2544*
650/65 R38* 855 DWW18L-38 1894* 2544* 1894* 2544*
600/65 R42* 870 DWW18L-42 1894* 2544* 1894* 2544*

* Wheels with disc welded to the rim.

** NOTE: A few models with short axle are excepted, available on request on some markets only. In this case the
maximum track width is 79mm shorter.

4-25
Operation

Wheels and tyres Wheel removing procedure

Regularly check that the front and rear wheel nuts are WARNING: If a wheel has to be removed (e.g.
fully tightened. to remove a punched tyre), this operation
must be carried out by a suitably equipped
Tyre pressure must be checked and adjusted before workshop. If the suitable equipment or such
using the tractor. Make further checks at regular inter- a workshop are not available, take the tractor
vals. to a specialised workshop, where the tractor
will be lifted with an equipment suited to its
NOTE: Tractors are supplied by the manufacturer with weight and dimensions.
tyres inflated at higher pressures then recommended.
The pressure should be adjusted afterwards by the user
Procedure
according to values given in the tables of tyre manufac-
- Turn off the engine, engage the parking brake and the
turers and to the use anticipated for the tractor.
first gear. Engage the Park Lock (if equipped).
- To remove a front wheel apply a jack lift of suitable ca-
If these simple rules are carefully followed, they will
pacity at the front axle next to the wheel to be remove
ensure maximum working life for your tyres.
(Fig.4-31).
- To remove a rear wheel, use wooden wedges on the
If you notice any cuts in the tread or side walls, have
front axle to block completely any tractor swing. Use a
them vulcanized immediately to avoid further damage
jack lift of suitable capacity in the centre of the rear axle
to the tyre.
(Fig.4-32).
- Loosen the nuts (bolts) fastening the wheel of about one
Drive slowly on roads if the pressure in the tyres has
turn by the provided wrench.
been reduced for use on soft earth.
- Before lifting the tractor, check there are no persons next
to it and do not touch the tractor again until it is not again
To obtain maximum efficiency, do not use tyres with
lowered to the ground.
more than 30-50% wear.
- Lift the tractor a few centimetres.
- Unscrew all nuts (bolts) that fasten the wheel and re-
NOTE: If the tractor is not going to be used for a long
move the wheel
period of time, support it on raised blocks to remove the
- Inflate the tyre if required. See the inflating procedure
load from the tyres.
in this chapter.
- Mount the wheel taking to exactly match the locating
NOTE: Avoid parking the tractor on floors which are
pins. Screw the nuts (bolts) down again.
covered with oil or diesel fuel. Also avoid parking the
- Lower the tractor to the ground. Remove the jack and
tractor where the tyres are permanently exposed to
fully tighten the nuts (bolts) alternating a nut (bolt) with
direct sunlight, especially if the tractor is not going to be
the opposite one.
used for some time.
- As soon as possible, take your tractor to the service
workshop to tighten the wheel nuts (bolts) to the pre-
WARNING: Use a suitable hoist or lifting
scribed torque.
device to handle, mount and dismount the
wheels.

WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devi-

ces for each operation. Beware of burns caused by
hot tractor parts.

Fig.4-31 Fig.4-32

4-26
 Operation
Tyre inflation procedure
DO NOT inflate a tyre that has gone completely flat. If
the tyre has lost all air pressure, have a qualified tyre
mechanic service the tyre.

WARNING: A tyre must always be inflated wi-

thin a restraining device (tyre inflation cage)
(Fig. 4-33).

Proceed as follows to inflate a tyre:

- Use a safety hose of suitable length, equipped with
air nozzle, double-valve gauge and graduated scale to
measure pressure. Fig.4-33
- Keep a safe distance from the tyre and keep before
inflating the tyre completely.
- Inflate the tyre to the recommended air pressure. DO WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devi-
NOT INFLATE THE TYRE MORE THAN THE RECOM- ces for each operation. Beware of burns caused by
MENDED PRESSURE. hot tractor parts.

Tyres
The following is a list of possible tyre types and front/rear combinations: consult your dealer for any queries you may
have about these combinations.
For tractors with the overdrive function, only use tyres marked with the words “load index A8”.

NOTE: Tractors are supplied by the manufacturer with tyres inflated at higher pressures then recommended. The pres-
sure should be adjusted afterwards by the user according to values given in the tables of tyre manufacturers and to the
use anticipated for the tractor

4
Front to rear tyre size combinations

Rear 460/85 R38* 480/70 R38 * 520/70 R38* 520/85R38** 580/70R38** 600/65 R38* 600/65 R38** 650/65R38**
18.4R38*

Front

380/85 R28* 125-135

145-165-180
380/70 R28* 125-135
420/70 R28* 125-135
420/85R28* 145-165-180
480/70R28* 145-165-180
480/65 R28* 125-135 145-165-180
540/65R28* 145-165-180

* BOLTED ** WELDED

4-27
Operation

Ballast

Front ballast
Do not hitch to the three point linkage any implements
that weighs more than indicated. If the implement weight
or the operating conditions (slope) might destabilise the
tractor, cast iron plates can be added to the front end.
(Fig.4-34).

Ballasting the front axle

If heavy implements that might destabilize the tractor
are hitched to the lift, cast iron plates can be added to
the front end to counterbalance their weight.

The plates have handles so that they can be mounted Fig. 4-34
and demounted more easily.
They should be applied to the radiator core support and
fixed with the relative rods.

Mod. 125 - 135 - Fig. 4-34

Middle pack 8 x 42 Kg = 336 Kg
plus two side packs 10 x 42 Kg = 420 Kg

Mod. 145-165 - Fig. 4-35

Middle pack 11 x 42 Kg = 462 Kg
plus two side packs 13 x 42 Kg = 546 Kg

Mod. 165 With extra ballast holder (Mod.180-if

available)
Fig. 4-35
Pack 19 x 42 Kg = 798 Kg
Ballast holder adding 130 Kg
Total weight 928 Kg
Fig. 4-35 Extra ballast holder

IMPORTANT:
- Do not ballast the tractor over its rated carrying WARNING: Due to the great weight of each
weight. ballast, manual lifting of front and rear ballast
- When using the tractor for light work, transport and weights could be dangerous for your safety.
on-road towing, remove the ballast to avoid unneces-
sary strain on the mechanical components. Use exclusively a hook or suitable equipment
- With semi-mounted and fully mounted implements to lift front and rear ballast weights.
(which inevitably increase the load on the rear axle
of the tractor), ballast must only be used when strictly - Always use suitable personal safety devices
necessary. There is no point in increasing grip beyond (safety gloves and shoes) when applying or
the level necessary for efficient work as this will redu- removing ballast.
ce tyre life.
- Carefully check the tyre inflation pressure since this
will make the tyre last longer and ensure a more
regular use.
WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devi-
ces for each operation. Beware of burns caused by
- The softer the soil, the lower tyre inflation must be
hot tractor parts.
while the tyre should be inflated to a greater extent as
the soil becomes more compact.

4-28
 Operation

Ballasting the rear wheels

One, two or three 85 Kg cast iron rings can be applied
to each wheel (Fig. 4-36). The first is fixed straight on to
the wheel while the second is fixed to the first ring and
the third to the second.

The total weight that can be applied is therefore:

- Two rings: 170 Kg
- Four rings: 340 Kg
- Six rings: 510 Kg

Ballasting with water

The tractor can also be ballasted by filling the tyres with Fig. 4-36
water.

To lower the freezing point a few degrees in winter,

add calcium chloride to the water in compliance with
the proportions given in the following table. The ballast WARNING: Due to the great weight of each
should evidently be removed when the job does not re- ballast, manual lifting of front and rear ballast
quire excessive draft, otherwise the soil could become weights could be dangerous for your safety.
excessively compressed.
Use exclusively a hook or suitable equipment
The following table gives approximate values for the to lift front and rear ballast weights.
liters of water and kilos of calcium chloride required to
prepare the antifreeze solution used to three-quarters
(75%) fill each tyre.
- Always use suitable personal safety devices
(safety gloves and shoes) when applying or
4
removing ballast.
In relation to ballasting with cast iron rings on the dri-
ving wheels, this type of weighting offers the following
advantages:

- Low cost. WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devi-

ces for each operation. Beware of burns caused by
- Easy preparation. hot tractor parts.

- Improved steering.

- The weight of the driving wheels can be regulated

according to the real requirements.

How to fill the tyres with water

WARNING: when you prepare a solution of
calcium chloride to ballast the tyres, NE-
VER EVER pour the water on to the calcium
chloride since this could lead to a violent
reaction. This danger can be avoided by
adding the calcium chloride very slowly to
the water and stirring until it has complete-
ly dissolved.
Jack up the wheel and position it with the valve right at
the top (Fig. 4-37).
Unscrew the movable union of the valve and wait until
the tyre deflates.
Tighten the relative fitting (2 - Fig. 37) into the valve
housing (1) and apply the tube (3). Air will escape from
the little tube (4) as the tyre is filled with water.
The tyres are filled to the three-quarter mark when wa-
ter escapes from the small tube (4) if this is positioned
completely downwards.
To add less water, i.e. obtain a lower weight, turn the
wheel so that the valve is in a more downward position.
Tighten the union on the valve casing again and inflate
the tyre with air until obtaining the prescribed pressure.

4-29
Operation

Take the following precautions when preparing the

water-calcium chloride mixture (antifreeze solution for
the cold season):

- Pour the necessary amount of water in a vessel and

then pour in calcium chloride until the established
quantity has been reached. Never pour water on to
the calcium chloride as this would cause a violent
reaction.

- Only use the solution after it has completely cooled.

To limit the acidity, add 1% of sodium carbonate in
proportion to the calcium chloride used.

- After inflating the tyre, thoroughly rinse any metal

parts that may have been wetted with this corrosive
solution, with water. Fig. 4-37

How to deflate the tyres

Fig. 4-37
- Jack up the tyre to be deflated and set it with its WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devi-
valve pointing downwards. ces for each operation. Beware of burns caused by
hot tractor parts.
– Unscrew the mobile union of the valve and allow the
water to drain from the tyre.

– Tighten the relative union into the valve housing and

place the tube (4) in contact with the tyre.

– Blow in pressurized air through the union (2): the

remaining water will drain through the tube (4).

– Remove the union (3), replace it with the valve retai-

ner and then inflate the tyre.
CAUTION: Ballasting with water and anti-freeze
NOTE - Never use ballasting systems differing from the solution containing calcium chloride might cause
ones indicated above. corrosion of the parts in contact with the solution.

TYRE CAPACITIES FOR BALLASTING WITH WATER

Ballasting with antifreeze solution
Capacity
Tyre to valve Commercial
size level calcium Total weight
Water
(75%) chloride of solution
litres
litres/Kg 70-72% Kg
Kg

380/70-28 156 56 132 188

420/70-24 176 64 151 215
14.9-28 180 49 160 209
16.9-28 210 57 187 244
480/70-28 268 97 231 328
18.4-38 370 100 329 429
20.8-38 480 130 427 557
480/70-38 310 84 276 360
520/70-38 380 103 338 441

NOTE: This table contains only indicative data. The operator should ballast wheels with water on the base of the tables
issued by the tyre manufacturer and according to the use anticipated for the tractor.

4-30
 Operation

Towing attachments

Front tow hook

The tractor is equipped with a front tow hook for emer-

gency operations for towing the tractor. (Fig.4-38)

WARNING: DO NOT raise the tractor using the tow-

ing hook.

Class “C” tow hook

A Class “C” tow hook “C” (Fig. 4-39) may be fitted for
towing single or twin axle agricultural implements and
trailers.
Fig. 4-38
To make hitching the implement easier, this device can
be adjusted in height; it can also be moved both above
and below the PTO driveline in a total of 4 positions.
See Fig. 4-40 for the available fixing heights.

To adjust the tow hook, pull out the securing pins (1 -

Fig. 4-39) and the bolts (2) to free the hook and move it
to the desired height.

Tow hook positioning is extremely important. Mano-

euvrability and stability when driving depend on imple-
ments and trailers being hitched at the correct height.
4
In the higher positions, the tow hook has a greater
towing capacity but the risk of lifting the tractor’s front
wheels is also greater.

When using four wheel drive, keep the tow hook in the
lower positions so that the drawbar remains as hori-
zontal as possible. This keeps the weight over the front
axle and improves tractive force. Fig. 4-39 - Class “C” tow hook

Distance from rear axle: 880 mm

CAUTION: Use exclusively the provided hooks to

tow the machine.

CAUTION: Refer to licensing documents issued by

the Ministry of Transport to know data relating to
max. vertical and horizontal loads on tow hooks and
max. trailer weights.

WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devi-

ces for each operation. Beware of burns caused by
hot tractor parts. Fig. 4-40 - Class “C” tow hook (18.4 R34)

4-31
Operation

Class “D3” rear tow hook

A Class “D3” tow hook can be supplied on request for
1600 Kg trailers (Fig. 4-41).
The height from ground level can be adjusted in four
positions.
Distance from the rear axle: 880 mm

Class “C” and “D3” tow hook with

quick height adjustment
On request, the tractor can be supplied with a Class
“C” (Fig. 4-42) or “D3” tow hook (Fig. 4-43) with quick
height adjustment. Six heights from ground level can be
obtained. A lever (A) releases the tow hook which can Fig. 4-41 - Class “D3” rear tow hook (18.4 R34)
then slide upwards or downwards as needed.

WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devi-

ces for each operation. Beware of burns caused by
hot tractor parts.

Fig. 4-42 - Class “C” rear tow hook (18.4 R34) Fig. 4-43 - Class “D3” rear tow hook, adjustable in
height (18.4 R-34)

4-32
 Operation

Class “A” swinging drawbar

The tractor may be equipped with an A-type tow hook that
consists of a drawbar, for use with agricultural implements
and one or two-axle trailers. Never use this type of attach-
ment to tow single axle trailers, because they can apply
too much weight to the drawbar. The drawbar might be
damaged because it is not built to sustain vertical loads. 1
(2 - Fig. 4-44)
2
The drawing (Fig. 4-45) shows the various distances
that can be obtained between the PTO shaft and
the hitch on the drawbar. There are two possible
adjustments:
LEG108

- Turn the drawbar upside down so that the hitch lies

over or under the bar. Fig. 4-44- Class “A” swinging rear drawbar.
- Vary the point where the cross-member is hinged on 1 - Drawbar.
to the tractor support. 2 - Fixing pins to limit swing.

For those implements that need it, the cross member

can also be used to provide considerable side swing in
either direction.

The locking pins (1 - Fig.4-44) can also be used to limit

drawbar swing in either direction.

WARNING: When towing implements driven

by the PTO, adjust the height of the drawbar 4
so that it lies between 150 (5.9”) and 300
(11.8”) below the height of the PTO shaft.

WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devi-

ces for each operation. Beware of burns caused by
hot tractor parts.

Fig. 4-45 - Class “C” tow hook (18.4/R-34)

NOTE: The Class “A” drawbar can be mounted along

with the Class “C” or “D3” tow hook but only when
these latter are mounted pointing upwards.

4-33
Operation

Automatic tow hook Piton-Fixe (if Equipped, According

to Market)
Available on request in some markets - Fig. 4-46.

Fig. 4-47

To connect an implement/trailer, remove the spring clip

and pin (1) and lift the retaining hook (2).

Install the implement towing eye over the towing pin (3)
and lower the retaining hook (2).

Install the pin and spring clip (1).

Fig. 4-46 IMPORTANT: Maximum vertical load capacity is 3000

kg (4409 lb) depending upon the capacity of the rear
tyres fitted. Where applicable, refer to your approval
documentation.

WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devi- WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devi-
ces for each operation. Beware of burns caused by ces for each operation. Beware of burns caused by
hot tractor parts. hot tractor parts.

4-34
 Operation

Implement hitch
The three point linkage is used to connect the tractor to
implements controlled by the hydraulic lift.

The three-point linkage is suitable for connection to im-

plements of various classes as shown by the diagram
and data given in Fig. 4-48.

A Cat. II three point linkage with II and III Cat. interchan-

geable ball ends is standard supply.

WARNING: Always take great care when

using or adjusting the three point linkage.

WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devi-

ces for each operation. Beware of burns caused by
hot tractor parts.
Hitching the implement
To allow the lift to operate in the correct way, you must
carefully check the dimensions of the implements to be
coupled to the tractor.
These couplings must be the same standard size as the
three point linkage of the tractor to prevent the whole
assembly from being subjected to irregular stress du-
ring work, caused by dimensional incompatibility. See
dimensions given in Fig. 4-48.
Fig. 4-48
Implement hitch dimensions.
a - Horizontal distance between lower link pins of the
three-point hitch and the implement’s centre of
gravity.
As small as possible (the greater is the weight of the
implement, the smaller it is).
b- Retraction of the third point: from 0 to 80 mm (0 to 3.1 in.)
c- Height of top link hitch ball: 500-600 mm (19.7 to 23.6
in.)
d- Length of bar: 825+1.5 mm (32.5 in.)

Weight of the implement 4

To prevent the regular operation of the lifting system
from being impaired, the weight of the implements
must be less than the maximum load the lift can raise.
This value (given in the specifications) is only indicative,
since the distance at which the center of gravity of the
implement is set in relation to the three point linkage
can also exercise a notable influence.

If an implement, even when lighter than the indicated

weight, is set at an excessive distance from the tractor,
it will bear down on the three point linkage with a much
greater weight than the weight of the implement itself.

Three point linkage

The articulated device with three point suspension
mainly consists of the following components (Fig. 4-49):

Adjustable top link (3rd point) Fig. 4-49

The adjustable top link (1 - Fig. 4-49) is connected to the
support by two holes. The correct hole to use depends
on the height of the implement.
Adjust the length of the top link to vary the attachment
angle of the implement in relation to the ground.
Shorten the top link to increase the angle of attach-
ment, lengthen it to reduce the angle of attachment.
NOTE: The plough shown in the figure is purely indi-
cative since the dimensions are valid for any type of
implement.
Mechanically adjusted three point linkage (2nd
Class).
1 - Top link with length adjuster sleeve.
2 - Rh vertical life rod with regulating device.
3 - Side stabilizers (2).
4 - Lower links.
5 - Lh vertical lift rod with length regulating device.

4-35
Operation

During work, the top link must slowly drop towards the
tractor, when the lower links are parallel to the ground.

A hydraulically regulated 3rd point top link can be sup-

plied on request (6 - Fig. 4-50). This allows the operator
to adjust the length from the driving seat.

Adjustable RH lift rod

The right-hand lift rod (2 - Fig. 4-49) can be adjusted
in length by means of a lever (2). This adjustment is
very useful since it allows the implement to be levelled
according to the job in hand.

Turn the lever clockwise to shorten the right-hand lift

rod.
Fig. 4-50
Turn the lever anticlockwise to lengthen the right-hand
lift rod.

On request, the RH lift rod can be equipped with a

hydraulic adjuster device operated from the driving seat
(7 - Fig. 4-51).

Vertical lift rods

The right and left vertical lift rods (2 and 5 - Fig. 4-49)
can be regulated by means of an adjustment crank in
order to alter the lateral angle of the implements. They
can also be adjusted by turning the backing plate throu-
gh 90°: this gives two settings, one with the plate fixed
(Fig. 4-52), the other with the plate free to slide (Fig.
4-53). This latter position must be used for implements
that require a certain freedom of sideways movement
(cultivators, spaders, harrows).
Fig. 4-51

Fig. 4-52 Fig. 4-53

4-36
 Operation

Lower links
1
The lower links (4 - Fig. 4-49) transmit tractive force and
support the implement.
They are equipped with quick-hitch couplings for atta- 2
ching the implements (Fig. 4-54).
The tractor is supplied with Cat. 2 and 3 interchangea-
ble ball-ends to fit to the crossbar on the implement.

Quick hitch couplings

To hitch an implement, release the hook lock (2 - Fig.
4-54) by pulling the connecting cables (1) from the
driving seat. 3
Reverse the tractor until the couplings are in the direc-
tion of the ball-ends previously mounted on the cros- LEG117
sbar of the implement.
Fig. 4-54
Slowly raise the lift links until the ball-ends push against
the spring-loaded quick-hitch couplings (3) and are
locked into place.
The couplings can be opened straight from the cab by
means of the control cables.

Side stabilizers Important recommendations when using and regulating

the three-point linkage.
The side stabilizers (3 - Fig. 4-49) can be set to reduce
the lateral movement of the lower links of the three WARNING: before any adjustments in the th-
point linkage. ree point linkage, the following operations

When work is carried out with certain implements such
as graders, rollers, hoes, seeders, etc., adjust the stabi-
lizers to restrict the side swing of the lower links.
With other implements such as ploughs, harrows, etc.,
the stabilizers can be set to allow for a greater freedom
of movement.
When driving on roads with the power lift in the raised
position, side swing must be limited whichever setting
was previously used during work.
4
are required: engage the first gear, engage
the parking brake, turn the engine off and
remove the ignition key.
WARNING: Always use the lift in position
control mode when transporting imple-
ments hitched to the three-point linkage.
WARNING: Always use the lift in position
control mode when an implement is hitched
or unhitched to or from the three-point
linkage.

To adjust the stabilizers (3 - Fig. 4-49): WARNING: When the tractor is stopped,
- Turn anti-clockwise to increase lateral swing. always lower any implements connected to
- Turn clockwise to reduce lateral swing. the three-point linkage.

When the three-point linkage has been adjusted to floa-
ting mode, make sure that the implement swings to the
same extent on both sides, using the edge of the rear
wheel rim as a reference.
Push the three-point linkage as far as it will go towards
the right and measure the distance between the lower
link and the rim.
WARNING: Never work under an implement
that is kept raised only by the hydraulic
hitch, but always secure it with a suitable
support. Engage the first gear, engage the
parking brake, turn the engine off and re-
move the ignition key.

4-37
Operation

Mechanically controlled hydraulic

power lift

Description of controls Fig.4-55A/B

The lift link levers are provided with symbols to inform
the operator about the correct lever position for each
function.

1 - Lift link control lever.

The lift links are completely down when

the control lever is in this position

The lift links are completely up when the

lift links are in this position.
2 - Selector lever for draft control, position
control, and mixed draft and position control
(INTERMIX).(Fig.4-55B)
Fig.4-55A- Control levers of mechanical lift
1 - Lift link control lever.
2 - Selector lever for draft control, position control, and
Intermix.
3 - Nut to lock lever (1).

Lever at end of forward travel = full

draft control zone

Lever at end of backward travel = full

position control zone.

Lever between the two end-of-travel

INTERMIX positions = mixed draft and position
control zone divided into two parts:
blue zone = position control increases
as the lever nears the end of front travel
position
red zone = draft control increases as
the lever nears the end of back travel
position.

3 - Nut to lock lever (1).

Fig.4-55B
1-Position control; 2-Draft control.

4-38
 Operation

Work in position control mode

Position control mode allows the implement to be
brought to and kept in a certain position, whichever this
may be. This includes the highest and lowest positions
either in or out of the soil.

Position control mode is used for:

• Mounted implements, i.e. without wheels or other

components allowing them to rest on the ground
(e.g.: graders, scrubbers, drills, fertilizer-spreaders,
etc.).

• Semi-mounted implements, i.e. equipped with

wheels or other components allowing them to rest
on the ground (e.g.: rotary ploughs, trenchers, wee-
ders, seeders, etc.). Fig.4-56

Use of controls (Fig. 4-56)

• Move the lever (2) fully back to the position control

setting.

• To regulate the work position of the implement, pro-

gressively move the control lever (1) downwards or
upwards until the desired position has been reached
and then lock the check nut (3) under the lever itself
to obtain the same work position on each run.
4

4-39
Operation

Work in draft control mode

Lift operation in draft control mode automatically keeps
the tractive force of the tractor at a steady rate regard-
less of variations in the soil conditions.

Draft control mode is used with all mounted tractor

implements which do not rest on the ground (e.g.: with
skids, wheels, etc.) (Fig. 4-58).

Use of controls - Draft control mode (Fig. 4-57)

• Move the selector knob (2) fully forward to the draft
control function.

• To dig the implement in quickly at the beginning of

the furrow, move control lever (1) progressively for-
ward. After this, lift it gradually to set to the desired
Fig.4-57
work depth. The depth reached by the implement is
proportional to the extent of lever travel.

• When the desired position has been reached, lock

the lever with the check nut (3) to obtain the same
work position on each run.

• Move control lever (1) back to raise the implement

at the end of each run. Use the automatica up/down
buttons, if installed.

• When shallow depths are required, the control lever

travels only a very short length.
To avoid that the implement digs in too slowly, it is
better first to bring the lever fully forward at the be-
ginning of each run over the check nut (3). After this,
bring the lever progressively back to the desired
position, once again over the check nut (3).

Fig.4-58 Lift in full draft control mode (selector lever

fully forward). The work depth of the implement may
vary considerably depending on the consistency of
the soil (e.g.: zone 1 = normal soil, zone 2 = very hard
and compact soil), while the depth remains more or
less uniform when the types of soil are similar (zone 1),
either on the flat or with humps and hollows.

4-40
 Operation

Mixed position and draft control

(Intermix)
When the lever (2 - Fig. 4-59) is moved completely
forwards, the lift will operate in full draft control mode,
while full position control mode is obtained by moving
the lever completely backwards. When the lever is
placed in any intermediate position, the lift operates in
Intermix mode, that is in a mixed draft and position
control mode.

The lever can assume as many positions as there is

space between the two ends of the sector. Its proxim-
ity to the front or rear part influences draft or position
control to a greater extent, as shown in the examples.

The operator must therefore identify the best position

Fig.4-59
for the selector lever according to the type of soil being
worked, thus obtaining the best compromise between
draft variations and depth.

Work best carried out in mixed position and draft

control mode (Intermix) (Fig. 4-60)

Work with the plough

a) When working soils of strongly different types (sandy
zones mixed with clayey ones) where full draft control
could lead to excessive depth variations.
b) When shallow depths are required.
c) To achieve the best work conditions with semi-mount-
4
ed ploughs with several shares.

Work with other implements

Whenever a certain draft control is required to obtain a
more regular draft from the tractor. A certain measure
of controlled draft causes variations in the work depth.
Thanks to such variations, the tractor’s draft power is
steadier.

Floating position
This position is used for implements that must simply
rest on the ground and follow its contours (e.g.: roller,
seeder, etc.).
In this case, the lift links are completely free to swing
and the lift just lowers and raises the implement at the
beginning and end of the run.
Fig. 4-60 Lift in «Intermix» mixed position and draft
control mode. The maximum and minimum work dep-
ths of the implement are limited to the average work
value (e.g.: zone 1 = normal soil, zone 2 = very hard
and compact soil) since movement of the lever towards
position control mode has reduced the operating sen-
sitivity of draft control mode and has partially activated
position control.

Use of the lift in float mode is obtained by setting the

lever (2 - Fig. 4-59) fully back in the position control set-
ting and the link control lever (1) fully forwards. Just use
the control lever (1) to lift or lower the implement.

4-41
Operation

Max. lifting capacity of hydraulic

power lift
The three-point linkage can be arranged in different
ways to achieve either a greater lifting capacity or a
greater freedom of movement.
All Legend models have two holes (A and B), (Fig. 4-61)
used to hitch the vertical links.
The operator can therefore choose greater freedom of
movement for the three-point linkage by using hole (A),
which is nearest to the center point (A = 470 mm), or a
greater lifting capacity by using hole (B), ( B = 522 mm)
which is farthest from the centering point but nearest
to the end where the implement will be hitched.

Fig. 4-61

Cylinder Max. lifting capacity

MOD. diam. mm A = 470 mm B = 522 mm

125 90 STD 6500 Kg 7000 Kg

135 90 STD 6500 Kg 7000 Kg

145 90 STD 6500 Kg 7000 Kg

165 100 STD 7600 Kg 8400 Kg

180 100 STD 7600 Kg 8400 Kg

STD = Standard OPT = Optional

4-42
 Operation

AUXILIARY CONTROL VALVES

Cab tractors - Fig.4-62
The levers of the auxiliary control valves connected to the
lift hydraulic circuit are mounted on the console on the
right-hand side of the driver’s seat.

Four auxiliary control valves provided as standard, control-

led by the joystick 1 and by the levers 3 and 4. On request,
the control valve for hydraulic rod controlled by the lever 5.

Joystick (1) - It is coupled to two auxiliary control valves.

If shifted forward, it controls the 1st valve, if shifted late-
rally it controls the 2nd valve. The lever can be locked by
(2) in three positions:
- Turned anti-clockwise and downward: Every move-
ment of the lever is locked in neutral. Fig.4-62
- Turned clockwise and in intermediate position: The
movement forward/back is allowed to control a single
control valve. To control the second control valve, the
locking device must be pulled up and the lever shifted
laterally.
- Turned clockwise at the end of travel: The lever can
be moved in every direction and controls both valves.
Control valve operation
Levers 3 and 4 are coupled each to its own control valve,
with locking device 6 in neutral position. - Standard control valve.
If set to positions A and B and released, the control
Lever 5 (on request) controls an auxiliary control valve lever automatically returns to the hold position (N),
connected to two quick couplings of the «Push-Pull» type
with locking device 6 in neutral position.
locking the implement in the position it has assumed. 4
- Control valve with “kick-out” automatic release (op-
NOTE: To ensure that the hydraulic circuit operates in tional). If set to positions A and B, the control lever
a regular way, the level of the transmission oil must be remains blocked in the assumed position.
frequently checked and topped up if necessary, as indi- Once the cylinder has reached end of stroke, the
cated in the “Checking the transmission oil level” part of pressure automatically releases the lever, setting it
the Maintenance section. back in the neutral position (N).
The lever can be moved back to the neutral position
WARNING: Make sure that the hydraulic cylinders of by hand before the cylinder reaches end of stroke.
the connected implements contain the same type of
oil as the transmission unit of the tractor to pre- - Control valve with floating position (optional), used
vent this from being polluted and leading to faulty for implements that normally rest on the ground and
operation. follow its relief (e.g. graders, snow-ploughs, etc.). The
floating position is obtained by moving the lever (2)
to the second setting in position, where it remains
locked.

WARNING: The tractor must only be started

with the auxiliary valve levers are in neutral.

4-43
Operation

Control valve with flow regulation

When a control valve group (max. 5) is fitted, on request
a maximum of three auxiliary control valves with flow
regulation can be mounted.
The flow to each control valve is regulated by the knobs
(1 - Fig. 4-63B) placed behind the driver’s seat.

Knob turned clockwise: reduces the flow to the linked

auxiliary control valve.

Knob turned anti-clockwise: increases the flow to the

linked auxiliary control valve to the maximum pump flow.

Quick couplings - Fig. 4-63

Each control valve has two quick coupling female half- Fig. 4-62B
connections of the “Push-Pull” type (1 and 2) that can be
connected to male half-couplings of any make so long
as they are of the same size. The half-coupling is very
simple to couple and uncouple: push to connect and
pull to detach.
Red - Delivery/Lifting
Yellow - Return/Lowering

WARNING: When auxiliary control valves

are used, their quick couplings can reach
high temperatures. Therefore, safety glo-
ves suitable for such temperatures must be
worn every time the connected implements
are connected to or disconnected from the
couplings.

Oil sump - Fig. 4-63

Each quick coupling is connected to an oil sump (4) that
collects oil leaks due to hitching and unhitching of the
quick couplings. When the oil reaches the maximum level,
the sump should be emptied in collecting tanks so as not
to contaminate the environment.

Free discharge - Fig.4-63

Free discharge (3) for connection to hydraulic motors or
other equipments requiring a free oil discharge into the
transmission housing.

Fig. 4-63

4-44
 Operation

Tractor transport
Towing the tractor
If you need to tow or push the tractor for a brief distance,
remember that the power steering system will allow you
to drive and steer it for a short way with the engine off.
Put the following controls in NEUTRAL (Fig. 4-64
and 4-65):

1- Reverse shuttle lever (1 - Fig. 4-64)

2- Gearshift lever (2 - Fig. 4-64)

3- Range selector lever (3- Fig. 4-64)

4- Disengage the parking brake (6 - Fig, 4-64)

Fig.4-64
5- Electrohydraulic PTO - Ensure that the PTO engage-
ment switch (4 - Fig. 4-64) and the selector lever of
the PTO speed are in disengaged position (5 - Fig.
4-65).

How to drive the tractor

• Slow and stop the tractor with the brake pedals

latched together.
• Tow or push the tractor at moderate speed.
How to safely drive the tractor
4
• Affix the slow moving vehicle card (SMV-Slow
Moving Veicle).
• Use the revolving beacon and the hazard lights.
• Strictly comply with the laws in force in the country
where the tractor is used.

Tractor transport
The tractor must be transported with a suitable vehicle
(Fig. 4-66).
Engage the first gear, then apply the parking brake. (6 -
Fig. 4-65).
Fig.4-65
Firmly fasten the tractor to the transport vehicle using
suitable chains or straps (Fig. 4-66).
Use the tow bar or its supports as rear fixing points for
the tractor.

CAUTION: Never hitch or connect chains around the

tractor components as these could be damaged by
the chains themselves or by excessive loads.

The trailer must be provided with the warning signs and

lights required by the local laws in force.

WARNING: If the tractor needs to be transported, it

should not be lifted, but should be driven onto the
transport means.
If the tractor cannot be driven owing to a fault or
malfunction, the operation should be entrusted to
specialised firms having a suitable equipment. Fig.4-66

4-45
Operation
Towing the tractor
Towing the tractor is not recommended, but if it should be
absolutely necessary, the procedure is different depending
on the fact that the engine is on or off, and that the low
pressure hydraulic circuit is operating or not operating.
Use the following procedures as applicable, at the fol-
lowing conditions:
- Connect safely one the tow hooks of the machine to the
towing vehicle by means of a rigid drawbar, or a chain, or
a metal cable of suitable size.
- In the middle of the linking means a red flag is to be
hanged so that it is visible to other drivers on the road.
- The towing vehicle must keep the rotating beacon light
operating. The towed tractor must keep the flashing hazard
lights operating (turn indicators flashing contemporarily).
- Make sure that the brakes of the machine are operating.
- It is recommended that the machine is escorted by two
cars, one in front of it and one at the rear, at a distance of
75÷150 m from the machine. These cars must carry danger
signals according to the rules and laws of the country.
NOTE: For the tow hooks fixed on the machine, see the
Towing Attachments chapter in the Technical specifica-
tions section of this book.
CAUTION: Use only the appropriate tow hooks to
tow the tractor.
4-46
Towing the tractor with the engine off or low pres-
sure hydraulic circuit not operating.
WARNING: If the machine is towed with the
engine off (or with the low pressure hydraulic
circuit not operating), the brakes and steering
will not be power assisted if this depends on
the low pressure hydraulic circuit. The par-
king brake must be disengaged.
- The machine can be towed for max. 10 Km at a max.
speed of 8 Kph.
WARNING: Make sure that the weight of a trai-
led vehicle that is not equipped with brakes
NEVER EXCEEDS the weight of the tractor that
is towing the vehicle or any national weight
limitations which may apply. Stopping di-
stance increases with increasing speed as the
weight of the towed load increases, especially
on slopes.
Towing the tractor with the engine on or low pressure
hydraulic circuit operating.
- Check that all controls are in neutral.
- If possible, level the machine and lower the telescopic
boon completely.
- Check that the parking brake is disengaged.
- Do not exceed a speed of 20 Kph when towing the tractor
and check that the rear differential lock is disengaged.
- Run the engine at 1200 RPM at least, if possible.
 Maintenance

Section 5
Maintenance
5

WARNING: If you need to open the bonnet, follow the procedure indicated under “How to open the bonnet”.
WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devices for each operation.
WARNING: Maintenance operations must be carried out with the engine off. Check that the gear and the par-
king brake are both engaged and that the ignition key has been removed.
WARNING: Beware of burns caused by hot tractor and engine parts.

5-1
Maintenance

ROUTINE MAINTENANCE TABLE

The numbers in the second column refer to the operations described in the following pages, listed in chronological
order.

Check for operation

Operation n.

Top up level
Work hours

Lubrication
Replace
Adjust
Clean
Servicing operations

1 Engine oil level

Oil level in gearbox,
2
power lift and steering systems
3 Battery
4 Fuel filter
Maintenance at request (4)

5 Expansion reservoir of engine coolant radiator

Engine coolant radiator fins - Transmission oil and hydraulic
6
circuits radiator - Air conditioning system condenser
Speed Six mechanical clutch control pedal and oil level
7
check in clutch system
8 Pedali dei freni (3)
9 Air bleeding from brake system
10 Parking brake
11 Oil level in front axle housing and front final drives
12 Check tyre pressures
Check wheel nut tightness
Check tightness of nuts and bolts in general
varie

Check tightness of safety frame fixing bolts

Windscreen wash liquid

Every 100 13 General and three-point linkage lubrication

work hours 14 Lubrication of 4WD front axle
15 Oil filter change on intake (2) of steering and power
lift circuits
Every 250 16 Oil filter change on the delivery (2) of the steering system
work hours
17 Fan and alternator belt - Air conditioning compressor belt
18 Fuel filters (6) and fuel system bleeding

Every 500 19 Oil sump - Engine oil filter (5)

work hours 20 Rear axle bearings lubrication bar axle (Mod.145-165-180)

5-2
 Maintenance

Check for operation

Operation n.

Top up level
Work hours

Lubrication
Replace
Adjust
Clean
Servicing operations

21 Injectors and injection pump

22 Engine valves
23 Transmission oil, rear final drives, power lift and steering circuits (1)
Every 1000 24 Engine main air filter (7)
work hour or
1 year Engine secondary air filter
25 Steering cylinder ball joints
26 Replace oil in front differential housing and front final drives
27A Starter motor and alternator
Every 1500
27B Check the belt and replace if required
work hour
28 Engine cooling system

Every 2000 29 Drain sludge from fuel tank

work hour 30A Clean engine vent (according to engine type)
30B Fuel System General Inspection
General maintenance (8)
Air conditioning system
Cab air filter - Cab linings
Manutenzione
Electrical system
5
generale
Preparing for long idle periods
4WD front axle service Mod.145-165-180 with brakes in final drives
Service power take-off and front power lifts

NOTE
Operations that must be carried out by an authorized work conditions. Always remember, however, that it is
dealer or service agent. better to carry them out too often than not often enough.

(1) WARNING: Change the gearbox oil for the first time after
500 hours, then change it after every 1000 hours service
(1000-2000-3000 etc...)
(2) WARNING: To safeguard the power lift and steering
circuits, wash the filter on pump intakes and change the
filter on the steering circuit delivery for the first time
after 50 hours. After this, repeat the same operations after
every 250 hours service (i.e. 250-500-750-1000 hours…).
(5) WARNING: Change the engine oil and relative filter
cartridge after the first 50 hours. After this, change the
engine oil and engine oil filter at the intervals given in the
‚Routine Maintenance Table‘. (Every 500 hours service:
500, 1000, 1500, etc..).
(6) CAUTION: Replace fuel filters (prefilter and main filter)
after 50 hours. After this, replace both fuel filters at the
intervals specified in the ‘Routine Maintenance Table’.

(3) WARNING: After the firs 50 hours during the running in (7) Check for wear and function. Also clean the filter element
period. whenever the service indicator light comes on.

(4) WARNING: Use your own discretion and experience when (8) Check the tractor for leaks, rubbing, squeezed or cracked
deciding the actual intervals for variable interval service hoses, loose nuts or bolts and trash build up. Repair all
and maintenance operations, depending on ambient and leaks, hoses and tighten loose nuts/bolts before operation.

5-3
Maintenance

WARNING:Do not carry out inspections,
maintenance work or adjustments on the
tractor whilst the engine is running, except
when specifically requested. Wait for all mo-
ving parts to come to a complete stop.
- If the maintenance operation must be car-
ried out while the engine is hot (e.g. when
changing engine oil), start the engine and
let it idle for the required time, then turn it
off before the maintenance operation.
- If you need to open the bonnet, follow the
procedure indicated under “How to open
the bonnet”. In this case beware the risk of
burning and shearing.
- Always use specific personal safety devices
for each service operation.
Lubrication and maintenance
- Every time you start the engine from cold, let it run
slowly without load for a few minutes to warm up.
This is particularly important with turbo-charged
engines.
- Avoid idling the engine for long periods.
- Regularly check for oil leaks.
- To ensure long clutch life, carefully run in the clutch
plates. To do this, operate the clutch frequently but
gradually during the first 15 hours’ service.
After the first 50 hours
• Change the engine oil and relative filter cartridge.
After this, change the engine oil and engine oil filter
at the intervals given in the ‘Routine Maintenance
Table’.

Foreword
This section described the operations required to correctly
service your tractor and keep it in top condition. The Rou-
tine Maintenance Table serves as quick reference. Each
operation is numbered for easier reference.
WARNING: Park the tractor on flat ground and, if
possible, extend all the cylinders before you check
the oil levels.
Safety precautions
Read and comply with all the safety precautions in the
“Tractor maintenance” part of the Safety Notes Section.
NOTE: Always dispose of replaced parts or substances
(filters, oil, battery etc.) according to rules and laws. Re-
fer to the manufacturer’s specifications on the Material
Safety Data Sheet.
Sealed units
Do not remove the seals from the following parts:
injection pump and overspeed screw.
If you need to repair or adjust any of these units, con-
tact your local dealer or authorized repair shop.
The warranty is automatically invalidated if these seals
are tampered with.
Running in
Fade-free efficiency and a long working life largely depend
on how the new tractor is treated during the running in
period. It is therefore extremely important to follow these
instructions:
• Replace fuel filters (prefilter and main filter) after 50
hours. After this, replace both fuel filters at the inter-
vals specified in the ‘Routine Maintenance Table’.
• Hydraulic circuits: replace the filter on the intake
of the steering and power lift circuit pumps, then
replace them after every 250 hours service.
• Replace the filter on the delivery of the steering
circuit, then replace it every 250 hours service.
• Check to make sure that all bolts, screws and nuts
are correctly torqued.
• Check clutch pedal travel in the mechanical version.
• Check all oil levels. If necessary, top up with oil of
the prescribed type.
• Check the brake pedal travel.
• Check the tension of the fan belt.
• Grease all points with grease nipples.
• Check the tyre pressures.
How to prevent pollution
To prevent pollution when oil, filters and so forth are
changed, always clean the zone around fill, level and
drain plugs, dipsticks and filters. Before connecting the
auxiliary cylinders, make sure that the oil they contain is
clean, that it has not deteriorated owing to long storage
and that it is of the prescribed type.

- Your engine does not require any special running

in when new. You can use it at full power from the
start but you must never overload it. Avoid using the
engine at full power before it reaches an operating
temperature of at least 60°C (140°F).

5-4

Servicing intervals
The intervals suggested in the lubrication and maintenance
table are indications to use when the tractor is used in
normal conditions.
These intervals should be adapted to the real environmen-
tal and operational conditions. Servicing must be more
frequent in adverse work conditions (in the presence of
humidity, mud, sand, very dusty environments).
CAUTION: If carried out at the prescribed inter-
vals, the operations described in this section will
ensure that the tractor operates in a regular way.
However, remember to carry out the inspections
and adjustments (of variable frequency depending
on the environmental conditions and type of work
carried out) according to your discretion and expe-
rience.
Miscellaneous inspections
Periodically check the following components. If faults are
discovered, contact your Dealer’s specialized personnel
and have the damaged parts replaced if necessary :
· Hydraulic hoses: the hoses must not be squeezed or
cracked. The outer sheath must not be swollen. There
must be no oil leaks between the hoses and their
unions;
· Hand brake lever: make sure that the ratchet locking
mechanism is secure and reliable;
· Make sure that all nuts are well tightened;
· Make sure that the safety frame bolts are well tighte-
ned.
· Make sure that all other nuts and bolts are well tighte-
ned.
Indicator lights
Your tractor is equipped with indicator lights that keep
you informed about the condition of your machine. Some
of these indicate faults, so act promptly if they come on.
Maintenance
Fuel Injection Pump
Only your Dealer’s specialized personnel may be allo-
wed to work on the injection pump during the warranty
period. Removal of the seals from the pump will relieve
the manufacturer from all and every liability in relation to
warranty coverage.
Keeping the Environment Clean
When you need tofill the fuel tank or change the lubri-
cating oil, never forget to position a vessel under the
component in question in order to collect any fuel or oil
that spills out. These products are polluting, so it is very
important to protect the environment in this way.
Engine Cooling System
It is advisable to replace the fluid in the system at least
once a year even if you have not reached 1000 hours
service in total.
Radiator
To ensure that the cooling circuit operates in a perfect
way, it is important to prevent the radiator fins from be-
coming clogged.
These fins should be cleaned often, even several times a
day if the place of work is particularly dusty.
Lubrication
Before lubricating any parts provided with grease nipples,
carefully clean the nipple’s surface and be sure that the
seal ball moves freely.
After the lubrication, remove any trace of grease to avoid
it to collect dirt or dust.
5
5-5
Maintenance

Fuel tank filling Fuel

CAUTION: Comply with the following in-
structions when working with diesel fuel.
Do not smoke near diesel fuel. In no case
must petrol (gasoline), alcohol or mixtures
of diesel fuel or alcohol be added to the
diesel fuel as such action would notably
increase the risk of fire outbreaks or explo-
sions. In a closed vessel, such as a can, they
are even more explosive than pure petrol
(gasoline).
Never use such mixtures. Moreover, mixtu-
res of diesel fuel and alcohol are not appro-
ved since the resulting lubrication of the
fuel injection system is insufficient.
Use only good quality diesel fuel. Poor quality fuel can
reduce the efficiency of the injection system.
Diesel fuel must be free from particles in suspension. If
necessary, decant the fuel for two or three days before
using it in the tractor.
Fuel oil can be decanted with a cheap, but safe system,
as illustrated in (Fig.5-1).
Never use fuel which has been left in an open can
for any length of time and which could contain dirt or
water.
Fill the tractor’s fuel tank in the evening after finishing
the day’s work. This prevents condensation from for-
ming inside the tank.

Clean around the plug where the fuel is pou-

red and keep it clean.

Fill the tank at the end of the day to prevent

the formation of overnight condensation.

Never remove the plug or fuel the tractor

whilst the engine is running. Keep control
of the pump nozzle whilst the tank is being
filled.

The tank must not be completely filled.

Allow space for an increase in volume. If the
original tank plug is lost, it must be replaced
with an original spare which must be fully
tightened.

Dry up any fuel spill immediately.

Fig.5-1 Setting up a tank for fuel storage and decan-
Fuel requisites ting.
a. Slope 25%.
It is important to use good quality fuel if the engine is to b. Condensation water.
be long-lasting and give a good performance. The fuels c. Sludge drain plug.
must be clean, well refined and non-corrosive for the fuel
system components. Make sure that you use fuel of a NOTE: Never use galvanised containers to store fuel.
known quality and reliable origin.

Fuelling

Before you fuel the tractor, clean the zone around the fill
plug to prevent foreign bodies from entering the tank. After
fuelling, screw on the plug and tighten it well.

5-6
 Maintenance

Fuelling Fig. 5-2

WARNING: Do not smoke while filling the

fuel tank. Keep clear of any sort of flames.

WARNING: Never fill the fuel tank when the

engine is on or over-heated.

Diesel fuel
CAUTION: Only use a Diesel fuel with a low sulphur con-
tent. Otherwise you could experience a reduction in engine
power and an increase in fuel consumption (Fig.5-2B).

Fig.5-2

Fig.5-2B

5-7
Maintenance

SERVICE ACCESS
Access for inspection and mainte-
nance
It may be necessary to open the bonnet in order to ac-
cess the engine components and carry out inspections,
lubrication and servicing operations.

WARNING: In particular cases it may be re-

quired that an operation is carried out with
open bonnet and running engine. In such
cases, pay special attention to moving and
hot parts, wear the required personal safety
devices and work only with the minimum
number of persons strictly required for the
operation.
Fig.5-3a
WARNING: All the surfaces inside the bonnet
are hot. High burning danger. Be extreme-
ly careful and wait for the surfaces to cool
down before operating inside the bonnet to
avoid burns.

WARNING:
Danger of shearing. Open the bonnet and
remove the side panel only with engine off
and rotating parts completely at standstill.

WARNING: A gas ram controls opening and

closing of the bonnet. Replace the gas ram
if not properly operating to avoid accidental
fall of the bonnet.

WARNING: If the tractor is equipped with front

hitch and power take-off, before opening the
bonnet lower the links completely, whether
there are implements or not.
Fig.5-3b
How to open the bonnet
Park the tractor on hard, level ground, engage the first
gear, engage the parking brake, turn the engine off and
remove the ignition key TOOL BOX
- To open the bonnet, insert the tool (1-Fig.5-3a) in the front (if equipped) (Fig.5-3c).
slit and hook up the bonnet closure device. The tool box can be removed by removing the retaining
- Release the locking mechanism. pin, located at the centre back of the tool box. Lift the tool
- Release the bonnet (2) and push the front upward kee- box from the bottom outwards and upwards.
ping clear until the hood is fully raised. The gas strut will
hold the bonnet in the upright position.

IMPORTANT: When opening the bonnet in windy con-

ditions, put the front of the tractor towards the wind with
the back of the tractors against the wind direction.

- To close, pull the cable and push the front down hard
to close.
- Remove the tool.

WARNING: Replace all covers or guards remo-

ved, close the bonnet and close any service
access doors after servicing or cleaning this
machine. NEVER operate the machine with any
covers or guards removed or with the bonnet
or service door open. Fig.5-3c

5-8
 Maintenance
WARNING: If you need to open the bonnet, follow the procedure indicated under “How to open the bonnet”.
WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devices for each operation.
WARNING: Maintenance operations must be carried out with the engine off. Check that the gear and the par-
king brake are both engaged and that the ignition key has been removed.
WARNING: Beware of burns caused by hot tractor and engine parts.

VARIABLE MAINTENANCE

WARNING: Use your own discretion and experien-

ce when deciding the actual timing for variable
interval service and maintenance operations. It is
obviously better to carry out these operations too
often than not often enough.

OPERATION 1
Engine oil level Fig. 5-4

For the engine, it is necessary to use a detergent oil

Supplement 3 as indicated in the Lubricants and Fuels
Chart. Detergent oils contain additives that reduce
corrosion, oil oxidation and deposits and have a high
dispersion power of carbon matters produced by com-
bustion.

WARNING: The following operations must be carri-

ed out with the engine off. Check that the gear and
the parking brake are both engaged and that the
ignition key has been removed.

Personal safety devices must be worn for the indicated

operations.
Beware of burns caused by hot oil and engine parts.
Fig.5-4 - Engine oil
If you need to open the bonnet, follow the procedure
indicated under “How to open the bonnet”.

Check the level of the engine oil every day or after 5

every 10 hours service (Variable maintenance)

To check the engine oil level, put the tractor on level

ground and stop the engine.

Wait for 15 minutes for the oil to settle before checking

the oil level.

Make sure the dipstick (1) is pushed completely down

before checking the oil level.

Engine oil level should never be below the bottom mark

on the dipstick (MIN). If adding oil is needed, it must be
poured through the filling hole (2) until the upper mark
(MAX) is reached.
Never fill up to a level higher than the MAX mark on the
dipstick.

NOTE: In the first running hours a slight oil consumption

can be considered as normal, as it is due to the settling
of various engine parts.

CAUTION: Never ever use the engine with the oil

level below the “MIN” mark.

5-9
Maintenance

OPERATION 2
Transmission circuit, steering and
hydraulic circuit oil levels
WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devi-
ces for each operation. Beware of burns caused by
hot tractor parts.

Regularly check the oil level in the transmission,

steering and hydraulic circuits.
Loosen the yellow cap (1 - Fig. 5-5) on the rear transmis-
sion sump and remove the cap with the dipstick.
The oil level should be above half level between the
minimum and maximum marks on the dipstick (Fig. 5-5)
with the power lift arms fully raised: top up if necessary
using oil of the specified type.
Ensure that the transmission oil is at the correct level
since hydraulic actuators such as hydraulic cylinders,
motors, etc., require a certain amount of oil.
To do this, it is sufficient to know the amount required
to fill the implement. When the level is on the max.
mark, only 7 liters may be used without compromising
the correct operation of the tractor. With front loaders
and other implements, the level must be on the third
mark (+ 10 liters).

NOTE: Never let the oil level drop below the minimum
mark. When external hydraulic circuits are used, the
oil level must always be between the minimum and Fig.5-5
maximum marks. 1 - The dipstick should be inserted slightly leaning
forward.
NOTE: If you use the tractor on slopes, make sure the 2 - Pull the dipstick back while rotating it upward as
minimum oil level is respected even with the tractor on indicated by the arrows, until it is vertical.
the steepest gradients it has to encounter. 3 - Seat the dipstick pushing it downward. Tighten the
cap.
NOTE: Make sure that the hydraulic services connec-
ted to the tractor use the same type of oil as the tran-
smission. Mixing different oil types can lead to damage
to the system.

NOTE: Use the oil prescribed in the Lubricants and

Fuels chart.

5-10
 Maintenance

OPERATION 3
Battery 1-Fig.5-6

WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devices

for each operation.

WARNING: Beware of burns caused by hot tractor and

engine parts.

Periodically check the level of battery acid and add distilled

water if necessary. If you need to top up too often, have the
battery charging system checked by a qualified technician.

WARNING: Battery electrolyte contains sulfuric

acid and can cause serious burns.
Avoid contact with the skin and eyes. Keep naked
flames, sparks and lighted cigarettes well clear
of batteries which are being charged. Keep the
area in which batteries are being charged well
ventilated.

WARNING: When connecting the battery to a char-

ger, make sure that the positive (+) lead of the
charger is connected to the positive of the battery
and the negative (-) to the negative. Incorrect
connection will damage the diodes and the other
circuit components. Fig.5-6 - 1 - Battery; 2 - Cover; 3 - Master disconnect
switch; 4 - Knobs (behind tool box - remove the box).
NOTE: The level of the electrolyte must be checked with
the engine off, the tractor parked on flat ground and the
battery cold.
Battery master disconnect switch
NOTE: Make sure that the battery terminal nuts are well
fixed to their terminals. IMPORTANT: Do not use the master disconnect switch
(3 - Fig.5-6) to STOP the Diesel engine, or the machine
power units will be damaged. Such operation can only
WARNING:
Battery posts, terminals, and related accessories
be considered as an emergency intervention.
5
contain lead and lead compounds, chemicals
Even if not actually required, it is advisable to insulate the
known to the State of California to cause cancer
machine electric system at the end of each work day by
and reproductive harm. Wash your hands after
means of the master disconnect switch. This operation
handling these parts.
increases safety and prolongs battery life.

NOTE: The master disconnect switch must be used for

WARNING: Do not use acid to top up the bat-
tery. The electrolyte will boil over. Use only
deionised distilled water and top up to a level
of 5/6 mm over the battery cells.
WARNING: According to the Law it is man-
datory to dispose of batteries in suitable
containers provided to this purpose at autho-
rized centres. DO NOT dispose of them in the
environment.
any operation on the electric system. It is at any rate ad-
visable to disconnect the battery completely if welding is
carried out on the machine.
Proceed as follows to remove the battery:
- Operate the parking brake switch and check that all
electrical equipment is off;
- The master disconnect switch must be on OFF (see
Fig.5-6);
- Disconnect the negative cable first then the positive;
- Remove the screw and bracket that retain the battery;
- Proceed in reverse order to reassemble and reconnect
the cables.

IMPORTANT: In case of fire, immediately detach the

cable from the positive terminal or, if equipped, operate
the master disconnect switch.

5-11
 Maintenance

OPERATION 4
Drain Fuel/Water Separator - Fig.5-7

The drain plug (2) is located on the bottom of the fuel/

water separator.
Loosen the plug and activate the little pump (1) to let any
water or sludge drain from the filter. Tighten the drain plug
after the water has drained.

IMPORTANT: Dispose of fuel according to local law

requirements. DO NOT drain on the ground, into a drain
or into a container that can leak. Be responsible for the
environment.

Fig.5-7

WARNING: To open the bonnet, follow the procedu-

re indicated under “How to open the bonnet”.

WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devi-

OPERATION 5 ces for each operation. Beware of burns caused by
Check Coolant Level hot water and hot motor parts.
Fig.5-8 Shift the gear to neutral and engage the parking brake.

Check the coolant level in the reservoir is within the range

marks (1). If the level is below the lower mark, top up
the reservoir to the top mark through the fill plug with
correct coolant mixture (this will depend upon market
requirements).

WARNING: DO NOT remove the reservoir
cap when the system is hot. LET THE
SYSTEM COOL. Hot coolant can spray out
resulting in scalding if the cap is removed
while system is still hot.
When checking the coolant level, turn cap
to first notch, then wait until pressure is
released. Scalding could result from fast
removal of the cap.

Precautions against freezing temperatures

To prevent ice from forming in the radiator, add specific
products according to the instructions given by the anti-
freeze manufacturer. Fig.5-8
Antifreeze also possesses antioxidant and rust-inhibiting
properties and is suitable for all seasons.
The following amounts are indicatively required:

Degrees C° - 8° - 15° - 25° - 35°

Percentage of antifreeze
20 30 40 50
per volume %

5-12
 Maintenance

OPERATION 6
Clean Grille Screens and Radiator
Area - Fig.5-9
Clean the grille screens, air conditioning condenser, oil
cooler, fuel cooler, charge cooler (as equipped) and radia-
tor area every 50 hours of operation, or more frequently if
required when operating in dirty conditions.

To access to engine coolant radiator (1), loosen the retai-

ners (2) of the radiator (3) and open it.
After cleaning, reposition the radiator (3) and lock with
the retainers (2).

IMPORTANT: Be careful not to bend or damage the

fins during cleaning. Areas with restricted access Fig.5-9
should be carefully cleaned with compressed air.

IMPORTANT: If you clean using compressed air use WARNING: To open the bonnet, follow the procedu-
an air hose with a safety ON/OFF control nozzle and re indicated under “How to open the bonnet”.
ALWAYS WEAR FACE PROTECTION.

WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devi-

WARNING: DO NOT steam clean any air con-
ces for each operation. Beware of burns caused by
ditioning system parts while the system is
hot water and hot motor parts.
charged. The heat will cause the refrigerant
to rise to a pressure that could cause the
system to explode.

NOTE: The best results are obtained with a steam cle-

aner that softens up the dirt. Use a lamp to check the
cleaning between the radiator fins. We recommend a
daily cleaning when front implements are used, espe-
cially front mower-conditioners.
5

5-13
Maintenance

OPERATION 7 WARNING: To open the bonnet, follow the procedu-

re indicated under “How to open the bonnet”.
Clutch for Speedsix and Powersix
gearboxes
The clutch is hydraulically controlled and needs no
WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devi-
adjustment. Consult your dealer if necessary.
ces for each operation. Beware of burns caused by
hot water and hot motor parts.
Clutch system fluid reservoir
At regular intervals, check oil level in the clutch system.
Check the oil reservoir (1 - Fig. 5-10) for correct level.
To check the level, open the reservoir plug (2) and
check that oil reaches the inner reference mark.

NOTE: Top up only with the mineral based oil, as indi-

cated in the Lubricants and Fuels chart.

Bleeding air from the clutch circuit

It becomes necessary to bleed the circuit when air en-
ters owing to lack of oil in the relative reservoir or when
the clutch system is serviced.

This operation should be carried out by specialized

personnel. If, however, you decide to do it yourself,
proceed in the following way.

1 - Check the oil reservoir (1 - Fig. 5-10) for correct level.

To check the level, open the reservoir plug (2) and Fig.5-10
check that oil reaches the inner reference mark.
2 - Thoroughly clean the area around the bleed screw.
3 - Fully depress the clutch pedal.
Meanwhile, unscrew the bleed screw (2 - Fig. 5-11)
on the clutch cylinder (1 - Fig. 5-11) a half-turn and
allow any air and oil to flow out. Re-tighten the
bleed screw and release the pedal.
4 - Repeat this operation until bubble-free oil flows
from the bleed screw.
5 - Make sure that the clutch pedal travel is firm and
not spongy.
6 - On completion of bleeding, top up the fluid level in
the reservoir (1 - Fig. 5-10).

NOTE: Never reuse previously bled oil without having

first filtered it.

Fig.5-11 - Techno
IMPORTANT: Dispose of oil in accordance with local
law requirements. DO NOT drain oil on the ground, into
a drain or into a container that can leak. Be responsible
for the environment.

5-14
 Maintenance

OPERATION 8. WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devi-

ces for each operation. Beware of burns caused by
Adjusting the brakes hot tractor parts.

Rear brakes
Check the efficiency of the braking system
regularly.

The braking system must be adjusted when the free

travel of the pedals (A - Fig. 5-12) becomes excessive
and the pedals are near to end of travel.
Proceed in the following way to restore free pedal travel A
to its normal value of about 3.5 cm (1.4 in.) (dimension
A):
LEG166
1 - First make sure that there is no air in the hydraulic
brake circuit. Bleed if necessary. (The presence of Fig.5-12
air in the circuit is normally denoted by a spongy
braking action).

2 - Jack up the rear wheels of the tractor.

3 - Make sure that the parking brake is off.

4 - Free the brake pedals by raising the lock.

5 - Unscrew the check nut (1 - Fig. 5-14). Slowly

tighten the adjuster nut (2 - Fig. 5-14) until you can
no longer turn the wheel by hand.

6 - Make a reference mark on the adjuster nut and on

the support, then slacken off the adjuster nut by 1
LEG167
and 4/6ths of a turn (Fig. 5-13), i.e. until the wheel
can be freely turned. Now lock the adjuster with
the relative check nut (1 - Fig. 5-14). Fig.5-13
7 - Check that the brake pedal has a free travel of 3.5
cm (1.4 in.) and repeat the adjustment if necessary. 5
8 - Repeat the procedure for the other side. Finally,
check that the free travel is the same for both
pedals and that the brakes engage simultaneously
on both sides.

9 - Check that the parking brake lever has not been

affected and adjust if necessary.

Front brakes
No periodic adjustment is required as the front brakes
are self-regulating. LEG168

Fig.5-14

5-15
Maintenance

OPERATION 9. IMPORTANT: Dispose of oil in accordance with local

Bleeding air from the rear brake cir-
cuit
It becomes necessary to bleed the circuit when air enters
the hydraulic system owing to lack of oil or when the
braking system is being serviced.
This operation should be carried out by specialized per-
sonnel. If, however, you decide to do it yourself, carefully
follow the steps described here.
law requirements. DO NOT drain oil on the ground, into
a drain or into a container that can leak. Be responsible
for the environment.
WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devi-
ces for each operation. Beware of burns caused by
hot tractor parts.

1 - Thoroughly clean the area around the bleed

screws.

2 - Press down on the left-hand brake pedal. 4

Meanwhile, unscrew the bleeder (4 - Fig. 5-15) by 1
half a turn to expel all frothy fluid from the bleeder.
Re-tighten the bleeder first and then release the
pedal. 2
3 - Repeat this operation until the fluid that comes out
is free from air.
3
4 - Make sure that the brake pedal travel is correct and
that the action is firm and not spongy. LEG164

Fig. 5-15
5 - Repeat the above operations for the right-hand
Adjusting the free travel of the brake pedals.
brake circuit.
1 - Brake lever.
2 - Check nut.
NOTE: Never reuse previously bled oil without first
3 - Adjuster nut.
filtering it.
4 - Bleeder screw.

5-16
 Maintenance

Bleeding air from the front brake IMPORTANT: Dispose of oil in accordance with local
law requirements. DO NOT drain oil on the ground, into
circuit a drain or into a container that can leak. Be responsible
for the environment.
After having carefully carried out operations 1 to 5 to
bleed the rear brakes, proceed in the following way:
WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devi-
1 - Depress both brake pedals at the same time. Use ces for each operation. Beware of burns caused by
the special coupling lock to keep the pedals toge- hot tractor parts.
ther. Unscrew the bleed screw on the on-off valve
(2 - Fig.5-16) until bubble-free oil flows out.
Re-tighten the screw and release the pedals.

2 - Depress both pedals at the same time and slacken

off the two bleed screws (1 - Fig. 5-17) at the rear
of the central part of the front axle.
Repeat this operation until bubble-free oil flows
out.

NOTE: If the tractor is equipped with a valve for hydraulic

trailer braking, it will also be necessary to bleed off any
air in the piloting tube of this valve. A screw on the body
of the valve allows this operation to be easily carried out.

3 - Check free pedal travel and that the front brakes

act at the same time. Do this by testing the action
on the road.
Fig.5-16

WARNING: Always keep the brake pedals

coupled for on-road driving in order to
ensure simultaneous braking on both sides.
Never use the brakes independently on
public roads.
When working on slopes, avoid using the
brakes as much as possible. Instead, select a
lower gear and use engine braking.

Fig.5-17

5-17
Maintenance

OPERATION 10.
Parking brake - Fig.5-18
The parking brake hand lever is directly linked to the
brake pedals.
Make sure that free travel is identical for both pedals,
since free travel of the pedals determines the free travel
of the parking brake and left/right distribution of the
braking action when the brakes are locked.

Once you have adjusted the brake pedals, adjust the

free travel of the parking brake by means of the adjuster
nut (3 - Fig. 5-18) on the brake lever, so that the parking
brake engages after 2 clicks of the ratchet mechanism. LEG168

Fig.5-18
Hydraulic trailer brakes
To brake the trailer along with the tractor, the flexible
WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devi-
tube of the trailer brakes must be connected to the
ces for each operation. Beware of burns caused by
fitting at the rear of the tractor (1 - Fig. 5-19). Always
hot tractor parts.
make sure that the two parts are clean before you
connect them, to ensure that the various components
operate in a perfect way.

WARNING. Trailer brake approved for ITALY.

When the tractor is operating, it is absolu-
tely essential to engage the parking brake
when either connecting or detaching the
tube that links the tube of the trailer bra-
king system to the quick coupling (2 - Fig.
5-19).

NOTE: Air may enter the hydraulic trailer brake circuit

during normal servicing operations such as oil changes,
cleaning of oil ducts. Air in the circuit leads to vibrations
on the pedal when the brakes are used. Air can be
easily bled from the circuit by pulling the parking brake
lever and depressing the brake pedal several times.

Fig.5-19

5-18
 Maintenance

OPERATION 11
Front axle oil level

4WD front axle

Regularly check the oil level in the differential of the
front axle and in the front axle side final drives.

1. Park the tractor on level ground

2. Position the final drive plugs (1- Fig.5-20) on the wheel

center line. Remove the plugs and check the level.
Top up if necessary with oil of the specified type
through the plugs themselves..

3. Remove the level plug (2 - Fig. 5-21) from the central

Fig. 5-20 - Front axle final drive: (1) Filler, drain and
axle housing. The oil level must reach the hole. Top
level plug.
up if necessary with oil of the specified type through
the plug (1 - Fig. 5-21).

NOTE: See the Fuel and Lubricant chart for the correct
type of oil.

WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devi-

ces for each operation. Beware of burns caused by
hot tractor parts.

Fig. 5-21 - Front axle.

5-19
Maintenance

OPERATION 12 WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devi-

Miscellaneous inspections ces for each operation.
Beware of burns caused by hot tractor and engine
• Power steering cylinder hoses: the tubes must not parts.
be crushed or cracked. The outer sheath must not
be swollen in any way and there must be no oil
leaks between the tubes and unions.

• Hand brake lever: make sure that the ratchet mecha-

nism locks in a secure and stable way. (Fig.5-22)

• Make sure that the wheel nuts are correctly torqued.

• Make sure that the safety frame screws are well
tightened.

• Check to make sure that all other nuts and bolts are
well tightened.

• Check the tyre pressures.

• Check to fluid level in the window washer reservoir
(Fig. 5-23).

Safety frame Fig.5-22

Have your Dealer’s specialized personnel check to make

sure that the safety frame fixing screws are correctly
tightened.

WARNING: The safety frame complies with

certain safety standards. It must never be
drilled or modified in order to install accesso-
ries or implements. It is FORBIDDEN to weld
on accessories or repair the safety frame by
welding.

Fig.5-23

5-20
 Maintenance

EVERY 100 HOURS SERVICE

WARNING: If you need to open the bonnet, follow the procedure indicated under “How to open the bonnet”.
WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devices for each operation.
WARNING: Maintenance operations must be carried out with the engine off. Check that the gear and the par-
king brake are both engaged and that the ignition key has been removed.
WARNING: Beware of burns caused by hot tractor and engine parts.
OPERATION 13
General lubrication
NOTE: Use lithium grease of the prescribed type. See
the Lubricants and Fuels chart.
NOTE: In severe conditions lubricate these points more
frequently.
NOTE: Grease the tractor if it is often washed with
pressurised water.

WARNING: Always use the specific PPE for the op-

eration concerned. Beware of burns caused by hot
tractor and engine parts.

Lubricate the grease points every 100 hours or more

often, depending on the working conditions.

- Three-point linkage: 6 grease nipples (Fig.5-24)

Fig.5-24 - Grease nipple of the three point linkage.

Techno - Mechanical PTO clutch sleeve: Grease with

the recommended grease (max. two gun strokes)
every 100 hours of effective service (Fig.5-25).

Fig.5-25

- 4WD drive shaft thrust bearing (Fig.5-26).

Fig.5-26

5-21
Maintenance

OPERATION 14

4WD front axle greasing

NOTE: Use lithium grease of the prescribed type. See
the Lubricants and Fuels chart.
NOTE: In severe conditions lubricate these points more
frequently.
NOTE: Grease the tractor if it is often washed with
pressurised water.

WARNING: Always use the specific PPE for the op-

eration concerned. Beware of burns caused by hot
tractor and engine parts.

Lubricate the following greasing nipples every 100 Fig.5-27

hours or more frequently, depending on work condi-
tions:

• Kingpins of 4WD axle (2 pcs). (1, Fig.5-27)

• Central pivot bushings of the front axle (1, Fig.5-28
and 2, Fig.5-29)

Fig. 5-28 Front axle.

1 - Grease nipple of front pivot bushing of the
front axle.

Fig.5-29 Front axle.

2 - Grease nipple of rear pivot bushing of the
front axle.

5-22
 Maintenance

EVERY 250 HOURS SERVICE

WARNING: If you need to open the bonnet, follow the procedure indicated under “How to open the bonnet”.
WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devices for each operation.
WARNING: Maintenance operations must be carried out with the engine off. Check that the gear and the par-
king brake are both engaged and that the ignition key has been removed.
WARNING: Beware of burns caused by hot tractor and engine parts.

Oil filters of the transmission and

of the steering and power lift circu-
its
The operations for the transmission oil filters must be
carried out not only at the prescribed intervals, but also
whenever the indicator lights on the instrument panel
come on.

Warning lights for transmission and hydraulic sy-

stem oil filter blockage (Fig.5-30)
1 - Fixed light: Red warning light for low pressure in
transmission hydraulic circuit. A warning buzzer
will start operating when this light comes on du-
ring work. In this case, ask your Dealer’s speciali-
zed workshop for help.
2 - Fixed light: Orange warning light for blockage of
the oil filter of transmission and hydraulic circu-
it. The filter is mounted on the intake part of the
hydraulic pumps.
Fig.5-30
NOTE: When oil is cold and the red indicator is
flashing, that does not necessarily mean the filter is real-
ly clogged. Before changing the filter, wait for the oil to
cool down to ambient temperature. Only if the indicator
still flashes, the filter should actually be changed.

IMPORTANT: Dispose of oil and filters according to

OPERATION 15 local law requirements. DO NOT drain the oil on the
ground, into a drain, or put into a container that can
Oil filter of the transmission, stee- leak. Be responsible for the environment.
ring and power lift circuit, mounted
on the intake part of the hydraulic
pumps. Fig. 5-31
The filters of the transmission oil and the power lift
circuit are mounted on the intake (1 - Fig. 5-31) of the 5
hydraulic pumps and on the delivery (Fig. 5-32) of the
steering circuit. They are equipped with sensors which
warn the operator when the filter/s is/are clogged and
need to be changed by means of indicator lights on
the dashboard (1 and 2 - Fig. 5-30): check to make sure
which filter needs changing.

The filter cartridges should, however, be chan-

ged after every 250 hours service.

WARNING: Remember to change the filter for the first

time after 50 hours service and then every 250 hours
(250, 500, 750 etc.), or whenever the blockage indicator
light comes on.
Filters on the intake (1 - Fig. 5-31) of the hydraulic
pumps
a - Unscrew the cartridge (A) from the support.
b - Oil the new retention rings with new clean oil and
fit it on to the new cartridge.
c - Screw the new cartridge on to the supports until
the retention ring touches the top of the filter, then
hand-tighten another half-turn (do not tighten too
much).
Fig.5-31
NOTE: After you have changed the filter, allow the en-
gine to run and make sure that there are no leaks. Check
the oil level and top up if necessary.
NOTE: Use the oil indicated in the Lubricants and Fuels
chart.
NOTE: Make sure that the hydraulic equipment con-
nected to the tractor’s hydraulic circuit uses the same
type of oil. Use of different types of oil could damage
the hydraulic circuit.

5-23
Maintenance

OPERATION 16
Filter on the delivery (Fig. 5-32) of
the steering circuit.
WARNING: Change the paper filter on the delivery
after the first 50 hours service and then after every
250 hours.
Also change the filter whenever the red indicator
lights on the instrument panel come on (Fig.5-30)

Change the element of the filter on the delivery of the

steering circuit:
a - Unscrew the holder (1), remove and discard the
filter element (3).
b - Fit the new filter element (3) into the cover of the
filter (2).

To prevent the filter element from being dirtied (with Fig. 5-32 - Oil filter of transmission and of the steering
mud, etc.) only completely remove the plastic protec- and power lift circuits.
tion after fitting. 1 - Holder.
2 - Cover.
c - Mount the holder (1) after having oiled its threaded 3 - Filter element.
part, the washer (4) and seal (5) with clean new oil. 4 - Washer.
Take great care to fit the individual parts in the right 5 - Seal.
directions.

Change the seal (5) and the washer (4) every

1000 hours service or whenever necessary.
d - Fully screw on the holder (1) by hand.
NOTE: After changing the oil and filters, run the engine
for a while and make sure there are no leaks. Check the
oil level again and top up if necessary.
WARNING: If you need to open the bonnet, follow
the procedure indicated under “How to open the
bonnet”.
WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devi-
ces for each operation.
Beware of burns caused by hot tractor and engine
parts.

NOTE: Use the oil indicated in the Lubricants and Fuels

chart.

NOTE: Make sure that the hydraulic equipment con-

nected to the tractor’s hydraulic circuit uses the same
type of oil. Use of different types of oil could damage
the hydraulic circuit.

IMPORTANT: Dispose of oil and filters according to

local law requirements. DO NOT drain the oil on the
ground, into a drain, or put into a container that can
leak. Be responsible for the environment.

5-24
 Maintenance

OPERATION 17
Check Drive Belt Tension Fig.5-33
The drive belt should not be slack, as the engine is provi-
ded with an automatic idler that keeps the belt taut. It is
however advisable to check tension of Drive Belt to make
sure it fits correctly.

Check the tension of ALL drive belts, on the longest run of

the belt, every 50 hours during the first 100 hours of ope-
ration until constant, then every 250 hours of operation.

The tension is correct when the belt deflects about 4

mm on the longest run of the belt with a thumb pressure
applied.

Check the belt for cuts and wear. Fig. 5-33

The belt must be replaced if it is cracked or visible damage.

WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devices

for each operation.

WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devi-

ces for each operation. Beware of burns caused by
hot water and engine parts.

5-25
Maintenance

250 HOUR MAIN SERVICE

WARNING: If you need to open the bonnet, follow the procedure indicated under “How to open the bonnet”.
WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devices for each operation.
WARNING: Maintenance operations must be carried out with the engine off. Check that the gear and the par-
king brake are both engaged and that the ignition key has been removed.
WARNING: Beware of burns caused by hot tractor and engine parts.

Operation 18
Change fuel prefilter and filter

When the engine is running in, the fuel filters (pre-

filter and main filter) should be changed for the
first time after 50 hours, then both filters should
be replaced every 250 hours.

The following operations must be carried out with the

engine off. Check that the gear and the parking brake are
both engaged and that the ignition key has been removed.

WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devi-

ces for each operation.
If you need to open the bonnet, follow the procedu-
re indicated under “How to open the bonnet”.
Beware of burns caused by hot water and engine
parts.
NOTE: If the fuel that is being used is contaminated, fuel
filters should be replaced more frequently (at less than
250 hours).
Clean the filter head (1), filter and engine area next to
the filter before removing the filter.
Disconnect the water-in-fuel sensor (3) from the wiring
harness.
Open the drain valve (2) on the filter bottom to let any
water out.
Using a filter wrench, remove the filter (1).
IMPORTANT: Dispose of filter in accordance with lo-
cal law requirements. DO NOT drain fuel on the ground,
into a drain or into a container that can leak. Be respon-
sible for the environment.
Put clean oil or grease on the filter gasket of the new
filter canister before installing (1).
- Assemble the filter (1) by hand. Turn the filter until the
gasket contacts the filter head then turn a further 1/2
turn.
- Connect the water-in-fuel sensor to the wiring harness.
IMPORTANT: Only use approved parts; these parts
have been specifically designed to provide superior
engine protection.
Clean the filter head (4), filter and engine area next to
the filter before removing the filter.
Fig.5-34
Using a filter wrench, remove the filter (4).
IMPORTANT: Dispose of filter in accordance with lo-
cal law requirements. DO NOT drain fuel on the ground,
into a drain or into a container that can leak. Be respon-
sible for the environment.
Put clean oil or grease on the filter gasket of the new
filter canister before installing (4).
- Assemble the filter (4) by hand. Turn the filter until the
gasket contacts the filter head then turn a further 1/2
turn.
IMPORTANT: DO NOT fill the new filter with diesel
fuel before installing.
IMPORTANT: ONLY use an approved fuel filter, that
has been specifically designed to provide superior engi-
ne protection.
Fill the fuel tank and remove air from the fuel system.
See Fuel System Air Removal on page 150.
IMPORTANT: DO NOT crank the engine before remo-
ving all the air from the fuel system or the fuel injection
pump can be damaged.
1
WARNING: Engine fuel is flammable and can
cause a fire or an explosion. DO NOT fill
the fuel tank or service the fuel system near
an naked flame, welding, burning cigars,
cigarettes etc.

5-26
 Maintenance

Priming the Fuel System

Air can enter the fuel system in the following situations:
A. If the fuel tank becomes empty or is low on fuel.
B. After fuel system parts have been removed for service or repairs.
C. If the tractor has been in a garage for a long period of time.

IMPORTANT: DO NOT crank the engine before removing all the air from the fuel system or the fuel injection pump
can be damaged.

Use the following procedure to remove air from the fuel system.

WARNING: If you need to open the bonnet, follow
the procedure indicated under “How to open the
bonnet”.
Two persons are required to carry out this operation
safely.
Always use specific personal safety devices for each
operation. Beware of burns caused by hot water and
engine parts.

Shift the gear to neutral and engage the parking brake.

OPERATION 1 OPERATION 4 - Fig.5-36

Make sure there is fuel in the tank.

OPERATION 2

Turn the key switch to ON to energize the cut off sole-

noid.

OPERATION 3 - Fig.5-35

5
Fig.5-36

Operate the hand primer pump (1) to fill the fuel filter.
Loosen the air screw on main filter (3). Tighten the air
screw when fuel with no air bubbles flow out.

OPERATION 5

Start the engine and check for fuel leaks around the
Fig.5-35 filter, the fuel lines and fittings.

Loosen the screw (2) on the head of the fuel/water The engine should come on within 20 seconds. If the
separator filter. Operate the hand primer pump (1) to engine fails to start repeat the air removal procedure.
remove air. Tighten the screw (2).

WARNING: Never run the engine in a closed

building. Proper ventilation is required
under all circumstances.

5-27
Maintenance

EVERY 500 HOURS SERVICE

WARNING: If you need to open the bonnet, follow the procedure indicated under “How to open the bonnet”.
WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devices for each operation.
WARNING: Maintenance operations must be carried out with the engine off. Check that the gear and the par-
king brake are both engaged and that the ignition key has been removed.
WARNING: Beware of burns caused by hot tractor and engine parts.

OPERATION 19 OPERATION 1
Change Engine Oil and Filter Fig.5-
37 and 5-37
During the running in period, the engine oil and oil filter
must be changed after the first 50 hours. Following this,
change the oil after every 500 hours service (1000, 500,
1500 hours, etc...)

IMPORTANT: If the tractor has been operating under

difficult conditions it may be necessary to change the oil
and filter more frequently.

For the engine, it is necessary to use a detergent oil

Supplement 3 as indicated in the Lubricants and Fuels
Chart. Detergent oils contain additives that reduce
corrosion, oil oxidation and deposits and have a high
dispersion power of carbon matters produced by com-
bustion.

WARNING: The following operations must be carri- Fig.5-37

ed out with the engine off. Check that the gear and Put a suitable size container (see Lubricant and Fuel
the parking brake are both engaged and that the Chart for engine capacity) under both drain plugs (1) on
ignition key has been removed. both sides of sump.

Personal safety devices must be worn for the indicated
operations.
Beware of burns caused by hot oil and engine parts.
If required, let the engine idle for the prescribed time to
reach the required temperature to let the oil flow easily.
Then turn off the engine.
If you need to open the bonnet, follow the procedure
indicated under “How to open the bonnet”.
Remove the drain plugs and drain the oil. Take care of
hot oil when draining.
IMPORTANT: Dispose of oil and filters according to
local law requirements. DO NOT drain the oil on the
ground, into a drain, or put into a container that can
leak. Be responsible for the environment.
OPERATION 2

To change the engine oil, put the tractor on level

ground and stop the engine.

NOTE: For best results change the oil when the engine
is warm.

WARNING: Avoid contact with hot oil. Do

not change a hot filter due to risk of bur-
ning skin on hands, Wait until temperature
is below 50°C (32°F).

NOTE: See the Lubricant and Fuel chart for the correct
type of oil required.

Fig.5-38

Using a filter wrench, remove the filter.

5-28
 Maintenance

OPERATION 3 OPERATION 20
Apply clean oil to the gasket on the new filter.
Rear bar axle shaft bearings
Install the filter. Turn the filter clockwise until the gasket Mod.145-165-180
comes in contact with the filter head. Inject grease of the recommended type (maximum 25
Tighten the filter an additional one half turn by hand. pump strokes) (Fig.5-39).

IMPORTANT: Only use an approved oil filter, that has
been specifically designed to provide superior engine
protection.
IMPORTANT: DO NOT use a filter wrench to install
the oil filter or you can cause damage to the gasket and
filter.
OPERATION 4
Install new seals on the drain plugs (1).
NOTE: Use lithium grease of the prescribed type. See
the Lubricants and Fuels chart.
NOTE: In severe conditions lubricate these points more
frequently.
NOTE: Grease the tractor if it is often washed with
pressurised water.
WARNING: Always use the specific PPE for the op-
eration concerned. Beware of burns caused by hot
tractor and engine parts.

Install the drain plugs in the sump and tighten.

Fill engine with correct grade engine oil, to the correct

MAX level (2 - Fig.5-37).

Never fill up to a level higher than the MAX mark on the

dipstick.

WARNING: If the tractor is not used frequently, it is

advisable to change engine oil filter and engine oil
at least once a year even if the required work hour
number is not reached.

Fig.5-39

5-29
Maintenance

EVERY 1000 HOURS SERVICE OR ONCE A YEAR

WARNING: If you need to open the bonnet, follow the procedure indicated under “How to open the bonnet”.
WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devices for each operation.
WARNING: Maintenance operations must be carried out with the engine off. Check that the gear and the par-
king brake are both engaged and that the ignition key has been removed.
WARNING: Beware of burns caused by hot tractor and engine parts.

OPERATION 21
Injectors and fuel system Fig. 5-40

Have these checked by your Dealer’s specialized per-

sonnel.

NOTE: Thoroughly clean the area in which you must

work before loosening or disconnecting any part of the
injection system.

NOTE: Place covers on all the tubes and injector orifi-

ces to prevent dirt from penetrating.

WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devi-

ces for each operation. Beware of burns caused by Fig.5-40
hot water and engine parts.

OPERATION 22
Engine valves Fig. 5-41

Have the tappet and valve gaps checked by your Dealer’s

authorized personnel.

WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devi-

ces for each operation. Beware of burns caused by
hot water and engine parts.

Fig.5-41

5-30
 Maintenance

OPERATION 23 WARNING: Always use specific Dpi for each service

operation.
Oil changes for the transmission, Beware of burns caused by hot tractor and engine
rear axle, steering circuit and po- parts.
wer lift hydraulic circuit
Fig. 5-42 and 5-43

NOTE: It is advisable to change the oil for the first time

after 500 hours. After this, change the oil after every
1000 hours service.

Transmission housing Fig.5-42 and 5-43

1 - Lower the lift arms to the ground.

2 - Remove the plug (see Operation 2).

3 - Place vessels under all drain plugs to collect the

oil as it drains out. Fig.5-42

4 - Remove plugs (1-2-3) (set in the lowest position)

from the gearbox housing and rear axle (4)and
drain out the oil. Clean the plugs and replace.

5 - Fit the drain plugs back in place, then pour oil of

the approved type into the transmission until the
correct level has been reached (see Operation 2).

NOTE: Let the oil stabilize before checking its level.

NOTE: See the Lubricants and Fuels chart for the type of
oil to be used according to the transmission type.

5
WARNING: See the Lubricants and Fuels chart for
the type of oil to be used according to the transmis-
sion type. Fig.5-43

IMPORTANT: Dispose of oil in accordance with local

law requirements. DO NOT drain oil on the ground, into
a drain or into a container that can leak. Be responsible
for the environment.

5-31
Maintenance

The following operations must be carried out with the engine off. Check that the gear and the parking brake are both
engaged and that the ignition key has been removed.

WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devices for each operation.
If you need to open the bonnet, follow the procedure indicated under “How to open the bonnet”.
Beware of burns caused by hot water and engine parts.

OPERATION 24 The primary (outer) filter is a high capacity filter designed

Check Air Induction System
Check all hoses for damage and that hose clamps are
tight, correct torque is 3.4 Nm.
Filter Restriction Indicator Lamp
When the air filter restriction indicator lamp (1) on the
instrument cluster illuminates, the primary (outer) filter
element needs cleaning. Service the element after the
day’s work is completed.
to provide optimum protection to the engine.
The primary filter can be cleaned as required between filter
changes. See the following pages for service procedure.
The secondary (inner) filter gives extra protection to the
engine if there is damage to the primary filter.
IMPORTANT: THE SECONDARY (INNER) FILTER MUST
NOT BE CLEANED. REPLACE THE FILTER IF DAMAGED
OR DIRTY, OR AT THE THIRD CLEANING OF THE PRIMA-
RY FILTER.

Fig.5-44

NOTE: If the air filter restriction indicator lamp illumina-

tes after the primary filter has been serviced, check the
following possible causes:
A. Secondary (inner) element is dirty.
B. Grille screen is dirty.
If the lamp still illuminates see your dealer to check the
restriction indicator sending unit.
Fig.5-45
1. PRIMARY (OUTER) FILTER ELEMENT
2. SECONDARY (INNER) FILTER ELEMENT
IMPORTANT: Only use Landini approved air filters;
these filters have been specifically designed to provide
superior engine protection.

5-32
 Maintenance

Service Engine Air Filter

The following operations must be carried out with the engine off. Check that the gear and the parking brake are both
engaged and that the ignition key has been removed.

WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devices for each operation.
If you need to open the bonnet, follow the procedure indicated under “How to open the bonnet”.
Beware of burns caused by hot water and engine parts.

Fig.5-46

5
STEP 1 STEP 4

Release the cover retaining clips (1) and remove the Clean the inside of the filter body (5).
cover (2).
IMPORTANT: Dispose of filters correctly in accordance
STEP 2 with local regulations. Be responsible for the environ-
ment.
Pull out the primary (outer) filter element (3).
STEP 3 STEP 5

Pull out the secondary (inner) filter element (4), if it is to
be changed.
IMPORTANT: DO NOT remove the secondary (inner)
element unless it is to be changed.
IMPORTANT: DO NOT start the engine after removing
the air filters.
If required or after cleaning the filter three times.
primary (3), install a new secondary (inner) filter element
(4). Apply petroleum jelly or similar to the inner seal face
before installing the filter.
NOTE: NEVER use a petroleum base lubricant on the
seal area. Petroleum lubricant could “glue” the cover to
the element seal and damage the element.

5-33
Maintenance
Fig.5-47
STEP 6
If most of the dirt is dry, clean the primary element (3)
with compressed air from the inside of the element to
the outside.
Keep the air nozzle approximately 130 mm (5 inches) away
from the element and move the nozzle up and down while
turning the element.
IMPORTANT: The air pressure must not be more than
207 kPa, 2 bar (30 psi). Use an air hose with a safety
ON/OFF control nozzle and always wear face protection.
WARNING: Before cleaning the filter with
compressed air, wear individual protections,
in particular goggles and a mask to protect
your airways.
IMPORTANT: Dispose of filters correctly in accor-
dance with local regulations. Be responsible for the
environment.
5-34
STEP 7
Visually check the rubber gasket for damage.
Check the metal cover and filter material for damage.
Replace an element that is damaged.
IMPORTANT: Do not run the engine with the filters
removed.
STEP 8
Before installing the primary (outer) element (3), apply
petroleum jelly or similar to the inner seal face before
installing the filter.
Install the primary (outer) element
with closed end outwards.
NOTE: NEVER use a petroleum base lubricant on the
seal area. Petroleum lubricant could “glue” the cover to
the element seal and damage the element.
STEP 9
Install the air cleaner cover (2), rotate clockwise and push
the locking tabs (1) back into position to lock the cover
in place.
 Maintenance

OPERATION 25
4WD steering cylinder knuckle
joints
Have the knuckle joint nuts (1) checked by an authorized
service center after the first 50 hours and then after every
1000 hours service (Fig. 5-47B).

WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devi-

ces for each operation. Beware of burns caused by
hot tractor parts.
Fig.5-47B

5-35
Maintenance

OPERAZIONE 26. IMPORTANT: Dispose of oil in accordance with local

law requirements. DO NOT drain oil on the ground, into
Oil changes in 4WD front axle a drain or into a container that can leak. Be responsible
for the environment.
Axle housing Fig. 5-48
Place a vessel under the plug (1), Remove the plug and
drain out all oil. WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devi-
ces for each operation. Beware of burns caused by
hot tractor parts.
Rear side final drives Fig. 5-50
Position the final drive plugs (1) downward. Place a vessel
under each final drive plug (1) (one for each final drive).
Remove the plugs and drain out all oil.

Oil filling in 4WD front axle

NOTE: See the Lubricants and Fuels chart for the cor-
rect type of oil.

Front axle housing

Fit the plug (1 - Fig.5-48) back when no more oil is coming
out and fill up with fresh oil through the filler (1- Fig.5-49)
up to the level of the plug (2 - Fig.5-49).

Wait for the oile to stabilize before checking the level.

Top up if necessary. Fig.5-48

Fit the plugs back (1 and 2 - Fig.5-49).

Front side final drives

Position the plugs (1 - Fig5-51) on the wheel center line. Fill
up with oil of the specified type to the level of the holes.
Wait for the oile to stabilize before checking the level. Top
up if necessary. Fit the plugs back (1 - Fig.5-51)

Fig. 5-49 - Front axle

Fig.5-50 Fig. 5-51 - Front final drive: (1) filler plug

5-36
 Maintenance

OPERATION 27A WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devices

Starter motor Fig. 5-52
The starter motor (1) should be thoroughly cleaned at
least once a year. Particularly check the condition of the
brushes and collector.
for each operation.
WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devi-
ces for each operation. Beware of burns caused by
hot water and engine parts.

Alternator – Fig. 5-53

Have the condition and operation of the alternator checked
by a specialized workshop.

Fig.5-52

Fig.5-53
OPERATION 27B
Belts check and replacement
Check the tension of the drive belts to make sure they
fit correctly.

Check ALL belts for tension on the belt’s longest run.

The tension is correct when the belt deflects about 10
mm on the longest run of the belt with a thumb pressure
applied.

Check the belt for cuts and wear.

The belt must be replaced if it is cracked or visible damage.

5-37
Maintenance

EVERY 2000 HOURS SERVICE

WARNING: If you need to open the bonnet, follow the procedure indicated under “How to open the bonnet”.
WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devices for each operation.
WARNING: Maintenance operations must be carried out with the engine off. Check that the gear and the par-
king brake are both engaged and that the ignition key has been removed.
WARNING: Beware of burns caused by hot tractor and engine parts.

OPERATION 28 IMPORTANT: Dispose of drained coolant responsibly.

DO NOT pour on the ground or into a drain. Be
Change Engine Coolant responsible for the environment.

STEP 4
STEP 1
Remove the radiator cap slowly.
Close the radiator drain valve (2) and install the drain plug
(1) when the system is empty.
WARNING: Hot coolant can spray out if the
STEP 5
coolant recovery reservoir cap or radiator
cap is removed while system is hot. DO NOT
Use a good quality radiator cleaner and fill the system.
REMOVE RADIATOR CAP. To remove the co-
Follow the instructions given with the radiator cleaner to
olant recovery reservoir cap or radiator cap,
clean the system.
let system cool, turn cap to first notch, then
wait until all pressure is released. Scalding
STEP 6
can result from fast removal of radiator cap.
Remove the engine block drain plug and open the radiator
drain valve. Flush the system with clean water to remove
STEP 2 - fig-5-54
the radiator cleaner solution.
Allow cleaning solution to drain into suitable containers.

IMPORTANT: Dispose of the cleaning solution

responsibly. DO NOT pour on the ground or into a drain.
Be responsible for the environment.

STEP 7

Inspect the hoses and fittings for damage and leaks.

STEP 8
Install the engine block drain plug, close radiator drain
valve and remove drain hose.
Put a suitable container under the engine block drain plug
(1) (located in the water inlet housing) and remove plug.
STEP 9
STEP 3 - Fig.5-55
Fill the cooling system with the coolant solution as spe-
cified on the next page.

Start the engine and run at low idle for approximately 10

minutes.

Stop the engine and check the coolant level.

Replenish as required.

Put a hose on the radiator drain valve (2) and open valve.
Drain coolant into a suitable container.

5-38
 Maintenance

Precautions against freezing tem- WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devi-
ces for each operation. Beware of burns caused by
peratures hot water and engine parts.
The system is filled with a mixture of water and antifreeze.
Add the proportion of antifreeze given in the following
table.

Degrees C° - 8° - 15° - 25° - 35°

Percentage of antifreeze
20 30 40 50
per volume %

This mixture can be permanently maintained in the circuit

for 1 year so long as you have not totalized 1000 hours
service during this period. In this case, the mixture must
be changed.

Flush out the system whenever you change from using

pure water to antifreeze mixtures and vice versa.

IMPORTANT: Always have a minimum of 33 percent

ethylene glycol in the cooling system at all times and at
all ambient temperature ranges.
Never use a solution of more than 50 percent, unless
the ambient temperature is below -37 degrees C (
-34 F ). More than 50% ethylene glycol decreases
heat transfer and will increase the engine surface
temperature to more than normal.

Prepare the coolant solution as follows:

A. Use clean water (distilled or deionized preferred). 5

B. Mix the correct ratio of ethylene glycol and water to
suit the market requirements.

C. Fill the radiator and coolant recovery reservoir using

the following procedure.

5-39
Maintenance

EVERY 2000 HOURS SERVICE

WARNING: If you need to open the bonnet, follow the procedure indicated under “How to open the bonnet”.
WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devices for each operation.
WARNING: Maintenance operations must be carried out with the engine off. Check that the gear and the par-
king brake are both engaged and that the ignition key has been removed.
WARNING: Beware of burns caused by hot tractor and engine parts.

OPERATION 29
Fuel tank Fig. 5-56
The fuel tank is cleaned by removing the plug (1 - Fig.5-
56).

NOTE : Drain off the sludge when the tank is almost

empty and only after having placed a suitable vessel
under the drain plug.

NOTE : Air in the fuel circuit makes it difficult to start

the engine. Bleed the circuit as described under Gene-
ral Maintenance in this section.

OPERATION 30A
Engine breather
Some engines are provided with a breather pipe closed
by a wire gauze to separate oil from combustion gases
before they escape from the engine.

Maintenance interval

The wire gauze should be cleaned every 2000 hours.

This operation must be carried out by specialized per-
sonnel at your Dealer’s.

OPERATION 30B
Fuel System General Inspection

Every 2000 hours of operation see your Dealer for an

inspection of the fuel system and fuel injection nozzles.
Also check the engine for needed general service or Fig.5-56
tune-up.

To prevent dirt or water from reaching the injection parts

and causing damage and decreased performance, use
clean fuel, keep the fuel tank full, drain any water from the
fuel primary filter at regular intervals and service the filters.

5-40
 Maintenance

GENERAL MAINTENANCE
WARNING: If you need to open the bonnet, follow the procedure indicated under “How to open the bonnet”.
WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devices for each operation.
WARNING: Maintenance operations must be carried out with the engine off. Check that the gear and the par-
king brake are both engaged and that the ignition key has been removed.
WARNING: Beware of burns caused by hot tractor and engine parts.

Hoses and wiring Clean the Operator’s Seat

Inspect the hoses and fittings for damage and leaks.
Check all hoses for damage and that hose clamps are
tight, correct torque is 3.4 Nm.
Check Hoses and Wiring for damage. If damaged, contact
your Dealer for spare parts or coolant.
Before removing stains, use a vacuum cleaner to remove
loose dirt.
Find what type and how old the stains are. Some stains
can be removed with water or soap solution.
CLEANER FLUID - This type of cleaner can be used for
grease or oil stains, follow manufactures instructions.

Viscous Fan Drive (If fitted) FOAM CLEANER: This type of cleaner is good for all
stains, follow manufactures instructions.

WARNING: Never use petroleum spirit, naptha

or any other volatile material for any cleaning
purposes. These materials may be toxic and/or
flammable.

NOTE: Do not make the material wet or clean with a

hard brush. Clean with a damp cloth only. Immediately
after the material is clean, dry the material with dry
cloth.

Seat Belt Inspection and

Maintenance (if Equipped)

WARNING: Securely fasten your seat belt. 5

Your tractor is equipped with a ROPS cab
or frame for your protection. The seat belt
Fig.5-57 can help insure your safety if it is used and
maintained. Never wear a seat belt loosely
During cleaning and maintenance of the engine and or with slack in the belt system. Never wear
radiator, be careful not to cause damage to the viscous the belt in a twisted condition or pinched
fan drive. between the seat structural members.

DO NOT use steam or high pressure jets to clean the drive.
DO NOT restrict the fan blade rotation during engine
operation.
DO NOT remove the bi-metal coil (1) on the front of the
drive.
Check the fan and drive for external damage or erratic
operation. See your dealer if service is required.
- Keep sharp edges and items that can cause damage,
away from the belt.
- From time to time, check belt, buckles and mounting
bolts for damage.
- Replace all parts that are worn or damaged.
- Replace a belt that has cuts that can weaken the belt.
- Check that the bolts are tight on the seat bracket.
- Keep seat belt clean and dry.
- Clean belt only with a soap solution and warm water.
- Do not use bleach or dye on the belt because this can
make the belt weak.

5-41
Maintenance

Page left intentionally blank

5-42
 Maintenance

AIR CONDITIONED CAB

The cab can be fitted with an air conditioning system on
request.
Besides being able to provide an optimum temperature in
the cab, this system also lowers the degree of humidity
in the air.

SAFETY NOTES
The air conditioner is a safe system that is able to ensure
lasting and risk-free use. However, it is important to
comply with certain simple precautions (listed below) in
order to prevent possible accidents.

Never work on the conditioning system yourselves.

Always contact the specialized technicians of the
Assistance Service (Fig.5-58).

Keep naked flames well away from the air conditioning

system (Fig.5-59) as leaking coolant could give rise Fig. 5-58
to a deadly gas: phosgene.

The mixture of oil and coolant in the air conditioning

system is under pressure. Never ever loosen any
unions or tamper with the pipes. For the same reason,
you must never unscrew the compressor’s oil level
check plug.

Coolant can freeze the skin and particularly the eyes.

Proceed in the following way if accidents occur:
– if coolant has splashed into the eyes, wash them out
immediately with a few drops of mineral oil, then
continue to wash them with a solution of boric acid
and water (one teaspoon of acid in 1/4 of a cup of
water) and immediately seek medical help;
– areas frozen by coolant fluid can be treated by pro-
gressively warming the injured zone with cold water
and then applying a greasy cream. However, always
seek medical help if such accidents occur. 5
Keep the air conditioning system well away from heat
sources as explosions could occur (Fig.5-60). Fig. 5-59

Fig. 5-60

5-43
Maintenance
PERIODICAL INSPECTIONS
At least once every three months:
– remove any foreign bodies from between the
evaporator and condenser fins;
– check the tension of the compressor belt;
– allow the engine to run at a rate of 1500 rpm. In
the meantime keep the dehydrator filter under
observation: the glass should be clear, without air
bubbles or white liquid.
– check the conditions of the pipes, unions and
supporting brackets;
– make sure that the drain pipes are efficient and remove
the condensation from the evaporator;
– make sure that the screws and fixing nuts of the
pulleys and compressor are well tightened.
– Grease Door Locks and Hinges
MAINTENANCE
If the conditioning system remains unused for a long
period of time, it must be turned on for a few minutes
each month to allow the oil to circulate around the circuit
and to keep the seals in an efficient condition.
Only operate the conditioner when the engine is hot and
the temperature in the cab has reached 20°C.
YEARLY MAINTENANCE
Have your Dealer’s specialized personnel carry out the
following operations at the beginning of the season:
– check the level of the oil in the compressor and top it
up if necessary;
– make sure that the system is tight by means of a leak
tester and top up the HFC 134a gas if necessary, or
– replace the dehydrator filter only if strictly necessary;
– carry out a functional test on the system.
5-44
GENERAL CAB MAINTENANCE (ALL
VERSIONS)
After servicing the external parts of the cab, proceed with
the following inspections:
1. Periodically check to make sure that no water has
collected in the zones covered with mats or upholstery.
2. Protect the hinges and locks of the doors, sun roof
and openable windows with water-repellent lubricating
products.
3. Use special cleaning products to clean the windows,
or sulphuric ether, if necessary.
4. Detach the windscreen wiper and sprinkle talcum on
the rubber wiper.
5. Leave the doors or sun-roof partially open.
CAB UPHOLSTERY
CAUTION: Use water and a neutral detergent to clean
the polyurethane cab upholstery or the specific prod-
ucts available on the market for cleaning car interiors.
Any commercial product for car upholstery cleaning
may be used.
Do NOT use any products deriving from hydrocarbons,
ketonic or aromatic solvents, or cleaning spirits of
any kind.
SPECIFICATIONS
Coolant fluid.......................................................... R134 A
Air conditioning system reloading
- Quantity of gas to be loaded: 2000 g (+/- 50 g)
- Keep the gas unit steady when filling the circuit,
in order to allow for a precise reading of the gas
weight.
- Operating pressure (20 bar).
IMPORTANT: This tractor uses a R134A coolant that does
not damage the ozone layer. Do not introduce any coolant
different from the prescribed one into the air conditioning
system. This could jeopardize the cooling power and irre-
mediably damage the system.
Check the tension of the compressor belt as indicated
in Operation 12 in the Periodical Maintenance chapter.
DANGER: Wear safety garments and goggles
in case of leaks. Coolant can injury the eyes.
The coolant produces a toxic gas if it contacts
a flame.
 Maintenance

Cab air filter Fig.5-61

WARNING: Remember that the cab filter is not
suitable for chemicals in general.
Absolute protection against these products
can therefore only be achieved by taking
the precautionary measures required by the
degree of harmfulness of the actual products
used.
This latter precaution must be strictly obser-
ved for filters of any type.

CAUTION:Take the filter off before washing the cab. If

the cab is washed and the filter has not been demounted,
take care to prevent the jet of water from splashing on to
the protective grille (Fig.5-62) otherwise your cab’s filter
will be irreparably damaged. Fig.5-61

CAUTION: If active carbon filters are used, mount only

original filters supplied in a sealed package: follow the in-
structions for use on the container and attached to any filter
package. Carefully comply with the operating instructions
on the filter packages or labels. Replace the filters at the
intervals specified by the filter manufacturer. Contact your
Dealer if specific filters against chemicals must be used.
Always wear individual protections suitable to
the harmfulness of the actual product used.

CAUTION: The Manufacturer has no responsibility wha-

tever, either direct or indirect, for application of special
filters and/or changes to the air intake system of the cab.
Fig.5-62 5
Every change to the cab intake system can result in a
health hazard for the operator and significantly alter the
performance of the air conditioning system. In any case,
the cab is not guaranteed as perfectly dust-tight. Always
wear individual protections when working in particularly Protection level
dusty environment.

WARNING: Tractors with cab have no protection

against harmful substances and dusts (protection level
1). If the tractor is used in dusty environment and to
spray phytosanitary products or chemicals generally
thought of as hazardous to health, the operator must
wear individual protections (mask, goggles) suitable
to the harmfulness of the actual product used.

5-45
Maintenance

CAB - MAINTENANCE ON REQUEST

Operation 1

Cab air filters Fig.5-63

2 filters mounted on the sides of the cab roof
1 - Unscrew and remove the fixing knobs (2) of the
cover (1).
2 - Remove the cover.
3 - Unscrew the two knobs fixing the filter.
4 - Remove the filter (1) and clean as follows:

– delicately tap it on a flat surface with the external

side pointing downwards;
or:
– use a jet of compressed air at a pressure of less than
6.9 bar (7 kg/cm2);
Fig.5-63
Clean the filter housing with a cloth.
When the filter is remounted, the cartridge (1) must be
oriented as indicated on the cartridge itself.

IMPORTANT: Respiratory protection equipment and WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devices
protective clothing appropriate to the environment that for each operation. Beware of burns caused by hot
the filter has been in contact with MUST be used during tractor parts.
the cleaning of the filter.

Operation 2

Compressor drive belt - Fig.5-64

The drive belt should not be slack, as the engine is
provided with an automatic idler that keeps the belt taut.
It is however advisable to check its tension at intervals
to make sure it fits correctly. The tension is correct when
the belt deflects about 4 mm on the longest run of the
belt with a thumb pressure applied.

NOTE: The belt must be replaced if it is cracked or visibly

damaged.

Replace the belt at any rate every 1500 hours.

Fig.5-64
WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devices
for each operation. Beware of burns caused by hot
water and engine parts.

5-46
 Maintenance

WARNING: To open the bonnet, follow the procedure

Operation 3 indicated under “How to open the bonnet”.

Clean the air conditioning system WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devices
condenser.Fig. 5-65 for each operation. Beware of burns caused by hot
water and hot motor parts.
Regularly check the system to keep it in a good condition
and use compressed air to remove any dust and dirt from
and around the condenser fins (3).
Release the detents (3 - Fig.5-65) and open the condenser.
Blow clean with compressed air, max. pressure 7 bar, if
possible in opposite direction to normal air flow.
Also clean the engine coolant radiator (1).

WARNING: Never disconnect any pipes or hoses in

the air conditioning system to reach the condenser.

WARNING: If the tractor is to remain unused for a long

period of time, or if the system is not used, remember
to allow the air conditioner to operate for about 15
minutes each week. This precautionary measure pre-
vents gas from leaking from the compressor. Fig. 5-65

Operation 4

Window washer liquid reservoir-

Fig.5-66

Check the window washer liquid level (1) at regular

intervals. Fill it up if required.

5
WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devices
for each operation. Beware of burns caused by hot Fig. 5-66
tractor parts.

5-47
Maintenance

CAB
AFTER EVERY 1000 HOURS SERVI-
CE OR ONCE A YEAR

Operation 5

Cab air filters Fig.5-67

Remove the cover (Operation 1) and replace the filter
cartridge inside (1).

NOTE: The filters must be replaced every time the air

conditioning system is serviced. In such occasions, check
the oil level in the compressor.
Fig.5-67
IMPORTANT: Respiratory protection equipment and
protective clothing appropriate to the environment that
the filter has been in contact with MUST be used during WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devices
the cleaning of the filters. for each operation. Beware of burns caused by hot
tractor parts.
IMPORTANT: The old element MUST be put into a
sealed container and disposed of in accordance with local
regulations. Be responsible for the environment.

NOTE: Replace the element(s) with genuine parts.

Operation 6

Compressor Fig.5-68

Have the air conditioning system operation checked. Also

check the lubricating oil level in the compressor (1).

WARNING: To open the bonnet, follow the procedure

indicated under “How to open the bonnet”.

WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devices

Fig.5-68
for each operation. Beware of burns caused by hot
water and hot motor parts.

5-48
 Electrical system

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devi-

ces for each operation.
WARNING: Beware of burns caused by hot tractor
Battery and engine parts.
Your tractor is equipped with a “Maintenance Free” bat-
tery which will rarely need checking for electrolyte level
or charge under normal conditions.
However, you are advised to check the level of the
electrolyte occasionally and top up with distilled water
if necessary.

The engine should be stopped, the battery cold and the

tractor parked on level ground to check or top up the
battery. Proceed as follows (Fig. 5-69).

1 - Remove the retainer pin (2) and the tool box (3).
Remove the clips (4) and the guard to access the
battery (1).
2 - Remove the plugs and check the liquid level.
3 - Slowly pour in the distilled water, until the top edge
of the plates is completely covered.
4 - Fit the plugs back and close the battery
compartment.

WARNING: NEVER top up with SULFURIC

ACID.

WARNING:
Battery posts, terminals, and related accessories
contain lead and lead compounds, chemicals
known to the State of California to cause cancer
and reproductive harm. Wash your hands after
handling these parts.

Check the charge condition with a voltmeter. Do not use

quick battery chargers to recharge the batteries.
NOTE: if the battery must be topped up frequently or
tends to discharge, have the electrical system of your
tractor checked by your area Dealer’s specialised per-
sonnel.
WARNING: Remember to disconnect the wires
before you recharge the battery. It is advisable
to remove the battery from its housing and to
recharge it well away from the tractor.
Fig.5-69 5
NOTE: See the Maintenance section of this manual for a
description of battery replacement procedure.
CAUTION: Dispose correctly of batteries, piles and
accumulators to places and containers provided for
separate waste collection according to local rules. DO
NOT dispose of them in the environment.

WARNING:The place in which the battery is

recharged must be well ventilated. Do not
smoke or produce sparks whilst the battery
is being recharged.

5-49
Electrical system

Recommendations
The following rules must be respected to preserve an
efficient battery:
- Keep the battery clean and dry, particularly on top.
- If the battery acid must be topped up, use distilled
water only,
- Make sure that the cable terminal nuts are well fixed
to the battery terminals.
- Always use a wrench and not pliers to tighten and
loosen the terminal nuts.
- Smear terminals with petroleum jelly (not grease) to
protect them from oxidation.
- Never let the battery run completely down. If possi-
ble, recharge monthly.

WARNING: Battery electrolyte contains sul-

furic acid and can cause serious burns. The
following good practices are therefore re-
commended.
- Wear leather heavy-duty gloves and protective clo-
thes. In case of contact with the skin, wash with plenty
of water.
- Batteries release flammable gases that can cause an
explosion.
- DO NOT go near the battery with naked flames or
cigarettes.
- In case of contact with the eyes, first flush with water,
then seek medical help.
- Keep batteries well out of children’s reach.
- It contains lead: NEVER dispose of batteries in ge-
neral waste.
- Deliver and dispose of exhausted batteries only
in suitable containers provided to this purpose at
authorised centres, according to local rules.

5-50

Starter motor
Every 1000 hours, or once a year, clean the starter
motor thoroughly and, in particular, check whether the
brushes and collector are worn.
Alternator
The alternator keeps the battery fully charged.
The alternator is a brushless model and requires no
special maintenance. However, the following precau-
tions must be observed.
1 - When fitting a battery, make sure that the positive
and negative terminals are connected to the same
leads as the alternator. If you make the wrong con-
nection, you will short circuit the battery through
the alternator diodes. This not only discharges the
battery but also burns out the diodes and leads.
2 - When connecting the battery to a charger, make
sure that the positive (+) lead of the charger is
connected to the positive of the battery, and the
negative (-) to the negative. Incorrect connection
will damage the alternator diodes and other circuit
components.
3 - Never run the alternator unless it is properly
connected. If the battery is not connected, high
voltages can build up inside the alternator that can
be extremely dangerous if the output terminal is
touched. Make sure that all connections are firm
and tight before carrying out any inspections or
tests on the electrical system.
4 - Never short circuit or earth any of the alternator
terminals. This could damage the electrical system.
5 - Never invert the alternator connections. The battery
and alternator earths must be of the same sign or
the alternator diodes will be damaged.
6 - Always disconnect both the alternator terminals
before undertaking any electric arc welding on the
tractor.
WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devi-
ces for each operation.
WARNING: Beware of burns caused by hot tractor
and engine parts.
A B
Fig.5-71
Electrical system
Electrical system - Warnings
It is absolutely forbidden to make changes or connections
to the data interconnecting lines between control
units (CAN-BUS lines). They are to be considered as
INVIOLABLE. All diagnostic and maintenance operations
may only be carried out by authorized technicians, with
specific appliances approved by Landini.
Use only fuses with the rated capacity for their specific
function. Do not ever use fuses with higher rated capacity.
Replace a blown fuse only after correcting the relative
malfunction and turn off any keys and users before
replacing.
Please keep in mind that electrical systems made by
unqualified persons might severely damage the systems
on board the tractor (control units, harnesses, sensors
etc.), and jeopardize the riding safety and good operation
of the tractor. Such damages ARE NOT COVERED BY OUR
CONTRACT WARRANTY.
Never disconnect control unit and sensor connectors
while the engine is running and the control units are
powered.
Negative conductors connected to a grounding point
of the system must be as short as possible and star
connected with each other.
As a principle, the grounding connections of the tractor
may not be changed.
If the creation of further grounding points is required, the
holes already provided on the frame must be used, taking
care of the following
- remove lacquer from the frame
- use a suitable highly conductive lacquer between frame
and cable terminal
- connect the ground within 5 minutes from lacquer
application
THE POINTS PROVIDED FOR ENGINE CONNECTION
TO GROUND MUST BE ABSOLUTELY AVOIDED FOR
GROUND CONNECTIONS. Fig.5-71
1 - Ground connection; A. Efficient grounding point; 5
B. Not efficient grounding point;
2 - Cable fixing: A. Screw; B. Cable terminal; C. Wa-
sher; D. Nut
3 - Correctly grounded cable.
5-51
Electrical system

Headlights
As you can use your tractor on public roads, the lighting
must comply with the applicable traffic and road regu-
lations. Periodically check headlight alignment in the
following way:
Checking headlight alignment (Fig. 5-72 and 5-73).

- Halt the tractor on level ground facing a shaded wall

(preferably white). The tractor must be unloaded and
the tyres correctly inflated. Mark two crosses on the
wall in front of the tractor headlights (Fig. 5-73).

- Reverse the tractor 5 meters (16.4 ft) away from the

wall.

- Switch on the main beam. The center of each beam

must be vertically aligned with the crosses on the
wall. A maximum outward divergence of 130 mm (5 Fig.5-72
in.) is acceptable.

- Switch on the dipped beam. The line separating the

lighted area from the dark area must fall below the
crosses and must be separated from their centers by
at least 1/20th of the height of the crosses from the
ground.
- Adjust the headlight alignment screws to correct
alignment as necessary (Fig. 5-72).
WARNING: To open the bonnet, follow the procedu-
re indicated under “How to open the bonnet”.
WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devi-
ces for each operation.
WARNING: Beware of burns caused by hot water and
hot motor parts.

Fig. 5-73

5-52
 Electrical system

FUSES AND RELAYS

The tractor’s electrical system is protected by fuses

against short circuits and excessive power draw. The
number of the fuses in the electrical system depends on
the tractor model.

NOTE: Before replacing a blown fuse with a new,

equivalent one, the cause that led to the fault should be
ascertained and removed.

WARNING: To carry out this operation, engage the WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devi-
first gear, turn off the engine, engage the parking ces for each operation.
brake and remove the ignition key. WARNING: Beware of burns caused by hot tractor
and engine parts.

Front fuses and relays battery-engine

Fig.5-74 - F1: Alternator protection fuse - 125A Fig.5-75 - F3: Grid heater fuse - 100A
F2: Cab line fuse - 125A K1: Grid heater solenoid relay - 300A

5-53
Electrical system

FUSES AND RELAYS

Fuses Protected circuits Fig.5-76A Amps

FA1 Starter motor 20
FA2 Ignition key feed line 3
FA3 Instrument supply EC1 3
FA4 Power supply to PTO controller 7,5
FA5 Engine power supply 7,5
FA6 Four-wheel drive 5
FA7 Front PTO 5
FA8 Trailer brake 5
FA9 Diesel fuel heater and grid heater controller 15
FA10 A/C compressor10

FA11 High beams 15
FA12 Dipped beams 10
FA13 Front windscreen wiper/washer 10
FA14 Rear window wiper/washer 10
FA15 Radio 5
FA16 Empty -
FA17 Turn indicators 10
FA 18 NAO card feed line 7,5
FA 19 Differential lock disengaging and brake lights 15
FA 20 Pneumatic seat 10

FB1 Light bar field lights and front handle-bars 20
FB2 Front field lights on roof 10
FB3 Rear field lights on roof 10
FB4 Rear field lights on fenders 10
FB5 Auxiliary socket 20
FB6 Cigarette lighter 10
FB7 Side lights, right-hand front and left-hand
rear, licence plate light 3
FB8 Side lights, left-hand front and right-hand
rear 3
FB9 Empty -
FB10 Empty -

FB11 Emergency switch 15

FB12 Side lights, horn, driving beams and
dipped beams flash coil 5
FB13 Flashing and horn control 7,5
FB14 Front loader power supply 7,5 Fig.5-76A - Front view
FB15 Empty -
FB16 Instrument supply EC1 3
FB 17 Auxiliary socket power supply 5
FB 18 Radio feed line (memory) 3
FB 19 Cab roof light and courtesy light 3
FB 20 Rotary beacon 7,5

NOTE: KA1 - KA2 - KA3 relays are brown-coloured, all others

are red.

5-54
 Electrical system

Fig.5-76B - Front view

Relays Fig. 5-76B

FA4 Fuse for the A/C and ECC electric fan in the cab - 40A fuse

KA1 Starter motor - 30A

KA2 Front light bar field lights on roof and handle-bars - 30A
KA3 Rear roof field lights, rear fenders - 30A
KA4 Turn indicators, NAO card, diff lock, brake lights, air seat - 30A
KA5 Front beams, window wiper, window washer and radio - 30A
KA6 Auxiliary socket & cigarette lighter - 30A

5
KB1 Instrument cluster, PTO controller, engine controller, 4WD, front PTO, trailer brakes - 30A
KB2 Front loader control - 30A
KB3 Dipped beams - 30A
KB4 Driving beams - 30A
KB5 Differential lock self-containment - 30A
KB6 Diff unlock and brake lights - 20A

KC1 Hand brake - 30A

KC2 Rear PTO starting safety push-button - max. 30A
KC3 A/C compressor - 30A
KC4 Front PTO safety - 30A

KD1 Cab electric fan - 50A

KD2 Max. speed of Cab electric fan - 50A

5-55
Electrical system

7-pin power socket for trailer

(Fig. 5-78)

A 7-pin power socket is installed on the rear of the

tractor. This socket is used to connect the light circuits
of the trailer.

Connections and correspondances for 7-pin power

socket according to ISO-SAE standards.

1. Lh turn indicator; 2. Not used; 3. Earth; 4. Rh turn

indicator; 5. Rh rear side light; 6. Brake lights; 7. Lh rear
side light.

Fig.5-78

WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devi-

ces for each operation.
WARNING: Beware of burns caused by hot tractor
parts.
Auxiliary power socket
(if provided)
An auxiliary 12V, 3-pin power socket is installed on the
rear of the console on the right of the driver (Fig.5-78).

Connections (Fig.5-79)
1- Key-operated positive - Max. load 5A
2- Negative
3- Direct battery positive - Max. load 25A

Fig.5-78 Fig.5-79

WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devi-

ces for each operation.
WARNING: Beware of burns caused by hot tractor
parts.

5-56
 Electrical system

Field lights WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devi-

ces for each operation.
Front field light - Fig.5-80 WARNING: Beware of burns caused by hot tractor
Rear field lights - Fig.5-81 parts.

1 - Turn the field light (1) to access the lamp to be

replaced.
2 - Rotate the lamp in a clockwise direction and remove
it,
3 - Fit a new lamp (1). Remember not to touch the lamp
surface with your fingers.
4 - Adjust the field light position as required.

Fig.5-80 Fig.5-81

5-57
Electrical system

Long idle periods - place stands or other supports under the axles in
order to take the weight off the wheels. When the
tractor is raised in this way, it is advisable to deflate
Take the following precautionary measures when your
the tyres. If this is not possible, the tyre pressure
tractor is not going to be used for a long period of time.
must be periodically checked.
To carry out the operations described hereunder, see the
- cover the tractor with a tarpaulin (not plastic or
sections relative to the maintenance of the various parts.
waterproof).
Always use specific personal safety devices for each
service operation.
CAUTION: At the end of the idle period, when
you start the engine again, pay particular at-
- park the tractor in a dry, sheltered place
tention to the instructions about starting the
engine in the Operation chapter.
- drain the coolant from the radiator and engine

- grease all points provided with grease nipples

- clean the fuel filter

- remove the injectors and squirt a small quantity of

engine oil into the cylinders. Turn the engine over by
hand, then fit the injectors back in place

- generally clean the tractor, particularly the bodywork

components. Protect the painted parts by applying
silicone wax and the unpainted metal parts by ap-
plying protective lubricant. Park the tractor in a dry,
sheltered and possibly ventilated place.

- make sure that all controls are in neutral (including

the electric switches and parking brake controls)

- remove the ignition key from the ignition switch

- make sure that the cylinder stems (of the power

steering, power lift systems, etc.) are positioned

- empty the fuel tank and fill it with new diesel fuel
until the maximum level is reached

- remove the battery, clean the cover and spread

Vaseline on the terminals and terminal caps. Now
connect the battery in a ventilated place where the
temperature is not liable to drop below 10°C and
where it is not exposed to direct sunlight

- check the battery charge with a voltmeter as descri-

bed in the battery part of this section. Recharge it is
necessary

5-58
 Electrical system

Page left intentionally blank

5-59
 Technical specifications

Chapter 6
Technical specifications
6

ARGO TRACTORS constantly updates its range of products and there-

fore reserves the right to undertake modifications, if appropriate ad
necessary, without prior notice. All data and information contained
in this publication could be subject to changes. Dimensions and
weights are only approximate values and the equipment shown by
the pictures could not correspond to standard models. Precise data
and information about models and equipment are available at your
ARGO TRACTORS Dealer.

6-1
Technical specifications

Fig. 6-1A

General data 125 135

4 WD 4 WD

With tyres
- front . .................................................................................................................. 480/65R28 480/65R28
- rear....................................................................................................................... 600/65R38 600/65R38

Weights

- In running order, without ballast, with cab...................................................... kg 6000 6000

Dimensions

A - Height from ground to cab top...................................................................mm 2886 2886
Height to rotating beacon...........................................................................mm 3040 3040

B - Wheelbase..................................................................................................mm 2800 2800

C - Max. length with front ballast.....................................................................mm 5344 5344
Max. length with hitch and front ballast.....................................................mm 5543 5543


D - Ground clearance........................................................................................mm 511 511

E - Front track...................................................................................................mm See track See track
F - Rear track....................................................................................................mm tables tables

G - Max. width on road*...................................................................................mm 2384,5** 2384,5**

(*According to mounted tyres, track widths and Highway Code regulations)
** Flanged axle

6-2
 Technical specifications

Fig. 6-1B

General data 145 165 180#

#Mod.180 if available
4 WD 4 WD 4 WD

With tyres
- front 540/65R28 540/65R28 540/65R28
- rear 600/65R42 650/65R42 600/65R42

Weights

- In running order, without ballast, with cab....................... kg 6000 6250 6250

Dimensions

A - Height from ground to cab top.................................... mm

2924 2924 2924 6
Height to rotating beacon............................................ mm 3078 3078 3078

B - Wheelbase................................................................... mm 2800 2800 2800

C - Max. length with front ballast...................................... mm 5608,5 5608,5 5608,5
Max. length with hitch and front ballast............................
..................................................................................... mm 5627 5627 5627

D - Ground clearance......................................................... mm 545 545 545

E - Front track.................................................................... mm See track See track See track
F - Rear track..................................................................... mm tables tables tables

G - Max. width on road*.................................................... mm 2340** 2370** 2370**

(*According to mounted tyres, track widths and Highway Code 2354,5*** 2384,5*** 2384,5***
regulations) ** Flanged axle *** Bar axle

6-3
Technical specifications

ENGINE

Engine 125 135 145

“Green” engines TIER 3 standards

Make/Type FPT NEF 2V - 12 valves

Fuel supply Turbocharged Intercooler air-to-air

Number of cylinders 6 vertical in line

Bore mm 104 104 104

Stroke mm 132 132 132

Swept volume cm³ 6728 6728 6728

ISO max. power rating HP/kW 117/86 133/98 1417104

Engine rate RPM 2200 2200 2200

Max. engine RPM RPM 2350 2350 2350

Maximum torque Nm 515 590 625

Max. torque rating RPM 1250 1250 1250

Idling speed RPM 850 850 850

Air Intake System

Type...................................................................................................Air filter with turbolators, two stage with dust ejector

Engine cooling system

Type....................................................................... pressure system, thermostat controlled, centrifugal pump and bypass
Radiator....................................................................................................................................Heavy duty, fin and tube type
Thermostat operation................................................................... starts to open at approximately 83°C, fully open at 95°C
Radiator cap pressure..................................................................................................................................................1.1 bar
Fan drive 125-135-145..................................................................................................................................................... Belt

Engine Lubrication System

Oil pressure (at rated speed).......................................................................................................................................3.5 bar
Oil filter...................................................................................................................full flow, bypass valve in oil cooler cover
Oil cooler........................................................................................................................................cooled by engine coolant

Engine Fuel System

Fuel injection pump .....................................................................................................................................................Bosch
Fuel injectors.................................................................................................................................................................Bosch
Fuel primer pump . .............................................................low pressure gear pump in the high pressure injection pump
Fuel filter....................................................................................................................................................................full flow

6-4
 Technical specifications

ENGINE

Engine 165 180#

#Mod.180 if available
“Green” engines TIER 3 standards

Make/Type FPT NEF 2V - 12 valves

Fuel supply Turbocharged Intercooler air-to-air

Number of cylinders 6 vertical in line

Bore mm 104 104

Stroke mm 132 132

Swept volume cm³ 6728 6728

ISO max. power rating HP/kW 158/116 171/126

Engine rate RPM 2200 2200

Max. engine RPM RPM 2350 2350

Maximum torque Nm 691 720

Max. torque rating RPM 1250 1250

Idling speed RPM 850 850

Air Intake System

Type...................................................................................................Air filter with turbolators, two stage with dust ejector

Engine cooling system

Type....................................................................... pressure system, thermostat controlled, centrifugal pump and bypass
Radiator....................................................................................................................................Heavy duty, fin and tube type
6
Thermostat operation................................................................... starts to open at approximately 83°C, fully open at 95°C
Radiator cap pressure..................................................................................................................................................1.1 bar
Fan drive 165-180.......................................................................................................................................... Viscostatic type

Engine Lubrication System

Oil pressure (at rated speed).......................................................................................................................................3.5 bar
Oil filter...................................................................................................................full flow, bypass valve in oil cooler cover
Oil cooler........................................................................................................................................cooled by engine coolant

Engine Fuel System

Fuel injection pump .....................................................................................................................................................Bosch
Fuel injectors.................................................................................................................................................................Bosch
Fuel primer pump . .............................................................low pressure gear pump in the high pressure injection pump
Fuel filter....................................................................................................................................................................full flow

6-5
Technical specifications

Engine starting Transmission

Thermostarter cold weather starting device for starting
in low temperatures. Gearbox
Speedsix gearbox with helical gears and 6 synchronized
speeds with 3 speed Ranges (Low - Standard - High)
Clutch offering 18 forward speeds and 18 reverse speeds by
means of the synchronized reverse shuttle.
14” (355 mm) diameter single disc dry clutch with cera-
metallic plates. Creeper (mounted on request) with a 5.357 reduction
Hydrostatic power control with automatic play ratio allowing all the speeds of the basic Speedsix
adjustment. gearbox to be reduced by 80%, thus giving 36 forward
speeds and 36 reverse speeds.

Reduction ratio of bevel gear pair

and rear final drives
125 - 135
Bevel gear pair (11/47)...........................................4.2727
Reduction ratio of epicyclic final drives.................5.7857
Total reduction ratio.............................................24.7207

145-165-180
Bevel gear pair (11/47)...........................................4.2727
Reduction ratio of epicyclic final drives...................6.230
Total reduction ratio.............................................26.6189

* 165-180 have a 15 mm wider gear belt.

WARNING: These technical specifications are of a

general character. Consult your dealer’s brochures
for the specific characteristics available in each indi-
vidual country.

6-6
 Technical specifications

Differential lock Brakes

Techno: Rear differential lock with electro-hydraulic
control and mechanical engagement. Rear brakes

In both models, the diff lock is disengaged by means of Multidisc oil-cooled brakes mounted on rear differential
the brake pedals. half shafts.

Front and rear differential locking takes place at the Number of friction discs
same time by means of the Twin-Lock system in four- Mod.125-135-145......................................10 (5 per side).
wheel drive tractors. Mod.165-180.............................................12 (6 per side).

Power take-off
Independent PTO synchronized with gearbox, mounted
at the rear of the tractor.
PTO engaged through a hydraulic clutch with electro-
hydraulic control by means of a button in the cab.
Engagement is modulated by a hydraulic accumulator.
The PTO driveline is stopped through an electro-hydrau-
lically controlled brake by means of the switch used to
control the PTO itself.
Operation: independent or proportional to
ground speed.
1- Rotation speed in independent mode:
- 540 RPM with a 1944 RPM engine rate.
- 540ECO RPM with a 1322 RPM engine rate (available
on request, known as economy power take-off).
- 1000 RPM with a 1956 RPM engine rate.
2- Rotation speed in synchronized mode (PTO driveline
turns per rear wheel turn):
PTO driveline revolutions
Type of
PTO 125 - 135 145 - 165 - 180
Friction material..........................................resin-graphite.
Hydraulic control by means of the two pedals on the
driver’s right: the two pedals can be coupled together
by a locking device to provide simultaneous braking
action on both sides.
Parking brake controlled by an independent hand lever
and linkage acting directly on the main brakes.
Hydraulic trailer brake mounted on request.
Compressed air trailer brake mounted on request.
Front brakes (4WD only)
Multidisc oil-cooled brakes mounted on front differen-
tial half shafts.
Number of friction discs:
All models...................................................4 (2 per side).
Friction material..........................................resin-graphite.
IBS-Integral Braking System hydraulic control ensuring
simultaneous braking along with the rear brakes when
the brake pedals are coupled together by means of the
relative locking device.

540 11.26 12.126

Track adjustment
540ECO
1000
16.54
20.627
17.818
22.312 6
Track is adjustable on 2WD and 4WD front axles and on
rear axles. See the Tables in the “Operation” chapter.
Different PTO output shafts are available, in compliance
with A.S.A.E. standards.

- 1 3/8” (34.9 mm) diameter shaft with 21 splines (standard

assembly).
- 1 3/8” (34.9 mm) diameter shaft with 6 splines (on
request).

- 1 3/4” (44.45 mm) diameter shaft with 6 splines (on

request).

- 1 3/4” (44,45 mm) diameter shaft with 20 splines (on

request).

6-7
Technical specifications

Steering components 4WD front axle

Front axle in spheroidal cast iron pivoting around two
Power steering central supports.

Power steering system controlled by the steering Electro-hydraulic front drive engagement by means of
wheel. “Spring-On - Pressure off” control system.

Telescopic steering wheel adjustable in height and tilt.
Turns on the steering wheel (from one stop point to the
next):
- 4 WD...........................................................................4.5
Propeller shaft without universal couplings installed
along the longitudinal axis of the tractor.
Transmission through central differential and epicyclic
final drives in the wheel hubs.

Gear pump with a delivery rate of 35 l/min. at a 2200 Max. steering angle.....................................................55°
RPM engine rate (see “Description of the Hydraulic
Circuit”). Front axle with oil-cooled front brakes. The front
brakes are the oil-cooled, multiple plate type.
Paper filter on the delivery side.
Electro-hydraulically controlled “Twin-Lock” differen-
Balanced, double-acting steering cylinder mounted on tial lock mounted as standard supply. Engagement
the axle casing. occurs at the same time the rear differential is engaged.
The differential lock is disengaged by means of the
Max. working pressure in power steering brake pedals.
system..........................................................170 +/- 5 bar
(2465 +/- 75 psi) Transmission unit on gearbox with reduction
ratio..........................................................................41/47
Minimum turning radius (dimensions in mm).
Mod. 125-135 - Central brakes

Bevel gear pair reduction ratio.....................13/36=2.769

4 WD
MODEL Reduction ratio of epicyclic final drives..............1 : 5.769
w/o brakes with brakes

Total reduction ratio...............................................15.974
125-135 5350 4600
Transmission ratio between front and rear
145-165-180 5350 4600
axles.........................................................................1.350

Mod.145-165-180 - Front axle with side brakes,

4WD

For the front axle with brakes in the side final drives
mounted on Mod. 145-165-180, see the relative chapter.

6-8

Hydraulic circuit
Two-stage hydraulic gear pump powered directly by
the gears of the timing system with double 40 micron
paper filter on the intake.
The two pump stages supply:
1st stage: Delivery 38 l/min at a 2200 RPM engine rate.
20 micron paper filter on the delivery.
Supplies: - The power steering circuit, max. operating
pressure 170 +/- 5 bar.
- The 18-20 bar low pressure circuit including
the four-wheel drive, the hydraulic Power
Take-Off, the hydraulic brake of the Power
Take-Off, the differential lock.
- The oil cooling circuit, max. pressure 5 bar.
- The lubricating circuit of the gearbox, max.
pressure 1.5 bar.
2nd stage: Delivery at a 2200 RPM engine rate: 67,7 l/
min.
Supplies: - The hydraulic trailer brake, max. operating
pressure 130 +/- 10 bar.
- The auxiliary control valves, max. operating
pressure 180 +/- 5 bar.
- The hydraulic power lift, max. operating
pressure 180 +/- 5 bar.
Technical specifications
Mechanically controlled power lift
Techno
Draft control, position control, “Intermix” combined
draft and position control, and float mode.
Three point linkage
Class 2 three point linkage with side stabilizers to limit
implement swing.
Adjuster crank on RH vertical link rod. Optional hydrau-
lic adjuster jack.
Adjuster crank of LH link rod with two positions at the
lower end: one fixed and the other sliding.
Lower links have interchangeable Class 2 and 3 ball
ends and quick hitch mechanisms.
Top link with rapid hitch mechanism, optional hydraulic
adjuster jack.
Three point linkage powered by two single-acting
hydraulic cylinders:
Mod. 125-135-145................................. diameter 90 mm
Mod. 165-180....................................... diameter 100 mm
Rated lifting capacity at ends of lower links:
Mod. 125-135-145.............................. minimum 6500 Kg
maximum 7000 Kg
Mod. 165-180...................................... minimum 7600 Kg
maximum 8400 Kg
6-9
Technical specifications

Auxiliary control valves Towing devices

Open center auxiliary control valves with rapid “Push-
Pull” attachments. Front pull hook.

Class “C” rigid rear tow hook adjustable in height: 4

Available versions: positions.

- Standard single or double-acting control valve. Class “D3” rigid rear tow hook adjustable in height: 4
positions (available on request).
- Convertible single or double-acting control valve with
automatic coupling. Class “C” or “D3” rear tow hook with quick height
adjustment (7 positions) (available on request).
- Convertible single or double-acting control valve with
float position. Class “A” rear swinging towbar (optional, in place of the
Class “C” or “D3” tow hook).
The auxiliary control valves use the power lift pump,
thus the max. operating pressure is 180 bar (2610 psi).
Cab
Techno: 3 auxiliary control valves are standard ( (max.
5 on request). On request, a control valve can be
Cab and platform tested to OECD international stan-
mounted provided with two hydraulic selectors control-
dards.
ling top link and leveling ram of the three-point linkage.
Noise level complies with EEC standards.
Platform completely supported on Silent Block dampers
Flow divider on request: A maximum of three auxiliary
and cab in pressed structural steel with isothermal
control valves with flow regulator to control the oil flow
blue-tinted glass panes.
to each auxiliary control valve.
Heating, ventilating and air-conditioning systems.
Openable roof with wide visibility in an upward direc-
tion.

Seat
Standard padded seat with adjustable suspension.
The seat is also adjustable for height and distance from
controls.
A seat with pneumatic suspensions, adjustable in the
same way as the previous one, is available on request
for maximum comfort.

Bonnet
Tiltable bonnet in one piece.

6-10
 Technical specifications

Electrical system Fuses

Voltage: 12 V negative earth. Consult the description in the “Electrical system” chap-
ter for the fuses that protect the electrical system.
Battery
“Maintenance Free” type. Complies with SAE J537
regulations.

Specifications:
Voltage.......................................................................12 V

Alternator
Type................................................................... 55 Amp/h

Automatic voltage regulator incorporated.

Speeds without creeper

Underdrive: 18 speeds (6x3) reduced by 20% from

1.5 to 34 Kph
Remote charge indicator with light.

Starter motor
Continuous power 2.9 kW (4 HP).
Automatic pinion engagement by means of electro-
magnet.

6-11
Technical specifications

Optional extras

- Towing device.
- Front pull hook.
- Class “A” rear swinging drawbar.
- Class “C” or “D3” adjustable height rear tow
hook.
- Class “C” or “D3” rear tow hook with quick
height adjustment.

- Auxiliary control valves. Various types available.

- Hydraulic trailer braking system available in two ver-

sions: one version for the Italian market and the other
for the Export market.

- Pneumatic trailer braking system.

- 540ECO RPM PTO as an alternative to the 1000 RPM

PTO.

- PTO proportional to the ground speed of the tractor

to operate self-propelled trailers (on request and
depending on the market).

- 1 3/8” (34.9 mm) diameter PTO shaft with 6 splines.

- 1 3/4” (44.4 mm) diameter PTO shaft with 6 splines.

- 1 3/8” (34.9 mm) diameter PTO shaft with 21 splines.

- Front-wheel ballast.

- Rear-wheel ballast (2, 4, 6 cast iron rings weighing 85

Kg each) (187 lbs): total weight 170-340-510 Kg) (375-
749-1124 lbs).

- Luxury seat with pneumatic suspension, adjustable

as to height and distance from controls (on request).

- Front fenders (depending on the market).

- Creeper range for very low gears with reduction ratio

of 1: 5.357 that reduces all the gears in the Speedsix
gearbox by 80%, providing 36 forward gears and 36
reverse gears.

- Three-point linkage with hydraulic RH levelling ram

and hydraulic top link.

6-12
 Technical specifications

Noise levels as perceived by the operator

The following tables give the noise level values, measured from the driver’s seat in instantaneous conditions in
compliance with standards 2009/67/CE (dBA) - Annex II (without load) - and when driving in compliance with standard
2009/63/CE (dBA).

Tractors with cab

Model Test report Noise level at driver’s seat Noise level on
numbers 2009/67/CE - dBA driving by
EEC 2003/37 Closed doors Open windows + 2009/63/CE
rear doors dBA

125 e13*0130 79 84 82

135 “ 79 84 82

145 “ 79 84 82

165 “ 79 84 82

6-13
Technical specifications

INFORMATION PAGE ON VIBRATION LEVELS OF THE TRACTOR

EXPOSITION TO VIBRATIONS
WARNING: The vibration level transmitted
to the body as a whole depends on different
parameters, some of them relating to the
machine, others to the terrain, others to the IMPORTANT: More information on Whole Body Vibra-
type of work and to any connected machi- tion (WBV) on agricultural tractors can be found in more
ne and many specific for the operator. The specific publications. In order to correctly estimate
prevailing parameters are the type of terrain values based on your daily work on the tractor, a spe-
or work surface, the ground speed and the cific measure instrument is required, such a three-axis
type of work. accelerometer applied to the seat. As an indication, the
enclosed table lists a few vibrations values registered in
WARNING: specific work conditions.
Machine vibrations are transmitted to the
operator, who in some cases may undergo NOTE: Visit the dedicated Internet web sites for further
risks for his/her health and safety. Therefo- information and documentation on risks of whole body
re you must: vibration.
- Make sure that the tractor is in good condi-
tion and that all routine servicing is correct-
ly and regularly carried out.
- Check that the operator’s seat and
adjustment systems are in good condition,
then adjust the seat to the operator’s weight
and size.
- Evaluate the vibration level transmitted
to the operator from the tractor or from
the tractor-machine assembly and schedule
work hours so as to alternate suitable rest
periods concerning exposure to vibrations.

In accordance to EU Directive 78/764/EC the following table shows vibration levels measured on seats, in aws.

Seat type Vibrations * m/s2 at the (applied test weights)

Light-weight operator Heavy-weight operator

MSC85 aws* = 1,01 m/s2 aws* = 1,245 m/s2

(Mechanical)

MSG95G aws* = 1,20m/s2 aws* = 1,14 m/s2

(Air suspension)

* aws = correct weighted value of the vibration acceleration (m/s2)

6-14
 Technical specifications

‘CE’ DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY

“ Every tractor is accompanied by a CE Declaration of Conformity to Directive 2006/42/EC that you should receive in
original together with the tractor.
This Declaration indicates with which European Directive the machine complies”.

The following picture is a fac-simile copy of such CE Declaration of Conformity.

Argo Tractors S.p.A.

42042 Fabbrico [RE] Italia
via G. Matteotti, 7
t. +39.0522.656111
E
IL
f. +39.0522.656476
IM

webmaster@argotractors.com
www.argotractors.com
S
C
FA

6-15
Technical specifications

Issue of authorization
To install any type of mounted or semi-mounted equipment not provided for by road traffic laws, it is mandatory to
request the express written authorization of the vehicle manufacturer.
We insist at any rate on our recommendation to mount always exclusively CE marked equipment complying with the
Machinery Directive 2006/42/EC.
Weights
Maximum weight declared by the manufacturer for road circulation
IMPORTANT: DO NOT exceed the maximum load capacity of the tyres on your tractor. See Loads and Inflation Pressures
recommended by tyre manufacturers.

IMPORTANT: DO NOT exceed the local legal limitations of the axle loads and the total weight on the road.

Maximum permitted tractor operating weight

The MAXIMUM PERMITTED TRACTOR OPERATING WEIGHT includes the tractor, tractor equipment and ballast.

The MAXIMUM PERMITTED AXLE OPERATING WEIGHT includes the tractor, tractor equipment, ballast and three-point
hitch mounted equipment.

Model Front kg Rear kg Total kg

125 3900 6400 10300

135 3900 6400 10300
145 3900 6400 10300
165 4200 7100 11300
180 4500 7100 11600

#Mod.180 if available
IT IS RECOMMENDED to u#se the tractor always with a load on front axle over 25% or not under 55% of the total weight.

Towable weights

WARNING: Other types of towing attachments are specified in addition to the ones listed below. Always
read the attachments to the registration documents of your tractor to know its exact towing capacity
and max. allowed vertical loads.

Hook type CE hook (kgs)

Trailer without brakes 4000

Trailer with independent brakes 6000
Trailer with inertia brakes 8000
Trailer with hydraulic/air brakes 40000

6-16
 Technical specifications

Max. vertical load relative to tyres

and to hitch type
WARNING: Other types of towing attachments are specified in addition to the ones listed below. Always
read the attachments to the registration documents of your tractor to know its exact towing capacity
and max. allowed vertical loads.

Mod.125-135

Max. vertical load on hitch point (Kg)

Maximum load
Load technically
Tyres capacity allowed
kg on rear axle
kg
Coupling CE (see previous page) (kg)

500/70R34 (148 A8) 6300 6300

600/65R34 (145 A8) 5800 5800
480/70R38 (145 A8) 5800 5800
18.4R38 (146 A8) 6000 6000 2000
520/70R38 (150 A8) 6700 6400
600/65R38 (153 A8) 7300 6400

Mod.145

Max. vertical load on hitch point (Kg)

Maximum load
Load technically
Tyres capacity allowed
kg on rear axle
kg
Coupling CE (see previous page) (kg)

18.4R38 (146 A8) 6000 6000

600/65R38 (153 A8) 7300 6400
650/65R38 (154 A8) 7500 6400
520/70R38 (150 A8) 6700 6400 2000
20.8R38 (153 A8) 7300 6400
580/70R38 (155 A8) 7750 6400

Mod.165 6
Max. vertical load on hitch point (Kg)
Maximum load
Load technically
Tyres capacity allowed
kg on rear axle
kg
Coupling CE (see previous page) (kg)

18.4R38 (146 A8) 6000 6000

600/65R38 (153 A8) 7300 7100
650/65R38 (154 A8) 7500 7100
20.8R38 (153 A8) 7300 7100 2000
580/70R38 (155 A8) 7750 7100
600/65R42 (154 A8) 7500 7100

6-17
 Technical specifications

LUBRICANTS AND CAPACITIES

Q.ty litres
component AMBIENT TEMPE- AGROLUBE specifications
125 160 SPECIFICATI-
145 180 RATURE
135 165 ONS

AGROLUBE MUREX Concentrated antifreeze fluid to be Degrees °C -8° -15° -25° -35°
COOLING CIRCUIT 29 29 29 29 used in the following percentages:
Specifications: GM 1899M (1970); FORD ESE-M97B % 20 30 40 50

FUEL TANK (about) 260 260 260 260 Viscosity at Viscosity at

40°C, cSt 100°C, cSt

acea e7/E5/ ANY SOLEA 115

Engine with filter 16.0 16.0 16.0 16.0 E3/B3 15,2
temperature LD 15W40
API CH-4/SL

API GL - 4 U.T.T.O
SPEEDSIX GEARBOXES, STEERING FORD M2C-86C
AND HYDRAULIC CIRCUIT - BRA- 91 91 91 91 ALLISON C-4 ANY
temperature VELA/B 86 10.7
KES (1) LANDINI I-ENG-
D-302

API GL - 5 ANY
AXLE 10 11 - - ZF TE-ML CARINA LS 90 174 16.8
FRONT STandard temperature
AND SUSPENDED 05C,12C,16E
AXLE WITH CENTRAL API GL - 5
BRAKES (1) FINAL DRIVES* 1.6 1.8 - - ANY CARINA LS 90 174 16.8
ZF TE-ML temperature
05C,12C,16E

API GL - 5 ANY
- 6 6 6 174 16.8
FRONT STandard AXLE ZF TE-ML temperature CARINA LS 90
AXLE WITH side BRA- 05C,12C,16E
KES (1) API GL - 5
FINAL DRIVES* - 2 2 2 ANY CARINA LS 90 174 16.8
ZF TE-ML temperature
05C,12C,16E

landini ANY AZA

clutch circuit 1 1 1 1 22.5 5.6
s/eng/i 102 temperature RED (3)

Grease Points - - - - — ANY GENA GREASE — —

temperature EP
API GL - 4
FRONT PTO U.T.T.O
2.0 2.0 2.7 2.7 ANY VELA/C 56
(IF EQUIPPED) MF 1145 temperature 9,8
LANDINI I-ENG-
D-302

* Each
(1) Only use lubricants complying with LANDINI I-ENG-D-302, NEW HOLLAND M2 C 86C,JOHN DEERE J 20C/D, M-F 1135 specifications. LAN-
DINI specification provides additives and anti-noise, antisquawk, and antistick-slip properties. Use of different types of oil, or mixing other types
of oil into the oil supplied with the tractor when new can lead to increased noise.
(2) The T-Tronic gearbox with electro-hydraulic reverse shuttle uses AGROLUBE VELA / C oil. Alternative products must have the same quality,
conforming to international specifications as indicated and in accordance with the specifications of the tractor manufacturer.
(3) Mineral based oil according to LANDINI S/ENG/I 102 specifications.

6-18
 Front axle with side brakes
Mod.145-165-180 - Front axle with
side brakes, 4WD
In spheroidal cast iron, pivoting at the centre within two
supports.
Transmission shaft running along the tractor’s longitudinal
axis with no universal joints.
Transmission via central differential and epicyclical final
drives in wheel hubs.
Maximum steering angle............................................55°
Front axle with oil-cooled front brakes. Front brakes are
of multidisc oil-cooled type, mounted on the epicyclical
reduction gears. 4 discs (2 for each axle shaft).
‘Twin-Lock’ diff lock with electro-hydraulic control as
standard. Diff lock is engaged simultaneously with rear
diff lock. The diff lock is disengaged by means of the
brake pedals.
Mod. 145-165-180 - Axle 20.29FR
Reduction ratio of bevel gear pair 13/33 = 2,538
Reduction ratio of epicyclical reduction gears......6.923
Total reduction ratio............................................17.571
Transmission ratio front/rear axle............................... 1,322
4WD front axle brakes
Multidisc oil-cooled brakes mounted in the epicyclical
reduction gears.
Number of friction plates...........................4 (2 for each
side).
Friction disc material ...........................resin-graphite.
Hydraulic IBS-Integral Braking System control to ensure
simultaneous braking with rear brakes when the brake
pedals are locked together with the locking device.
Lubricants and fuels
Central assembly.................................................... 6 Litres
(2.9 quarts)
Epicyclical final drives, each.................................... 2 Litres
(2.9 quarts)
Oil type.................................... AGROLUBE CARINA LS90
Compliant with the standards: API GL5; ZF TE-ML 05C,
12C, 16E.
Maintenance points
1 - Oil filler and level plug for central differential.
2 - Plug to drain oil from central differential.
3 - Oil breather.
4 - Oil filler, level and drain plugs of epicyclical reduction
gears.
5 - Grease points.
6 - Grease points of axial swing pin.

Scheduled service
The service intervals here indicated are intended for a normal use of the machine. For heavy-duty work, these intervals
should be reduced.

Operation First Nornal

Action Maintenance
Axle oil change 150-200 hours Each season or after 1500 hours (1)
Oil discharge magnetic cap cleaning First oil change Every oil change
Oil level, check and fill-up. 50-100 hours Each month or after 300-400 hours (1)
Oil breather cleaning 150-200 hours (3) Each month or after 300-400 hours (1)
Lubrication/Greasing 150-200 hours (2) Each week or after 150-200 hours (1) (2)
Nut tightening on ball joints 50 hours Each season or every 1000 hours

(1) according to which condition occurs first

(2) 50 hours for heavy-duty work
(3) at season’s end if the work hours were less than indicated
6

6-19
Front axle with side brakes

Axle oil change

CAUTION: carry out the draining, filling and oil
level checking operations with the axle in the hori-
zontal position.

WARNING: Beware of powerful oil jets. Fol-

low all safety rules indicated in this manual.
See the Section SAFETY.
Always use specific Dpi for each service
operation.
Beware of burns caused by hot tractor and
engine parts.

Clean the breather (3) and the surrounding area.

To drain the oil from the central casing, remove the level
plug (1) first and then the drain plug (2).

WARNING: Beware of powerful oil jets. Fol-

low all safety rules indicated in this manual.
See the Section SAFETY.
Always use specific Dpi for each service
operation.
Beware of burns caused by hot tractor and
engine parts.

Drain all oil from the transmission.

Clean the plug (2) and install again.

Remove the oil filler plug (1) and fill with oil of prescribed
type up to the level hole.

Wait for oil to flow to the axle, then check its level and
fill up if required.

Tighten the plug (1) again.

IMPORTANT: Dispose of oil in accordance with local

law requirements. DO NOT drain oil on the ground, into
a drain or into a container that can leak. Be responsible
for the environment.

6-20
 Front axle with side brakes

Change of oil in the epicyclical re-

duction gear
CAUTION: carry out the draining, filling and oil
level checking operations with the axle in the hori-
zontal position.

WARNING: Beware of powerful oil jets. Fol-

low all safety rules indicated in this manual.
See the Section SAFETY.
Always use specific Dpi for each service
operation.
Beware of burns caused by hot tractor and
engine parts.

Before draining oil from the epicyclical reduction gear, turn

the latter so that the oil plug (4) is in the top position (A).
Loosen the plug a bit to release any internal pressure.
Turn the reduction gear with the plug (4) in the bottom
position (B).
Remove the drain plug and drain all oil.

Turn the reduction gear until the hole (4) is in a horizontal

position, as shown in the figure.
Fill up with prescribed oil. The oil must reach the level
of the plug.
Tighten the plug.

IMPORTANT: Dispose of oil in accordance with local

law requirements. DO NOT drain oil on the ground, into
a drain or into a container that can leak. Be responsible
for the environment.

6-21
Front axle with side brakes

4WD front axle lubrication

NOTE: Use lithium grease of the prescribed type. See

the Lubricants and Fuels chart.
NOTE: In severe conditions lubricate these points more
frequently.
NOTE: Grease the tractor if it is often washed with
pressurised water.

Always use specific Dpi for each service

operation.
Beware of burns caused by hot tractor and
engine parts.

Lubricate the following grease points every 150-200 1 - Bleeder screw of front brakes control circuit (2 pcs).
hours or more often, depending on the working condi- 2 - Kingpin grease nipple (4 pcs).
tions.

• Kingpins (2) of 4WD axle (4 pcs).

• Central pivot bushings of the front axle (2 pcs).

1 - Grease nipple of rear pivot bushing of the front axle 1 - Grease nipple of front pivot bushing of the front axle

Steering cylinder ball joints

Have the knuckle joint nuts checked by an authorized
service center after the first 50 hours and then after every
1000 hours service.

Always use specific Dpi for each service

operation.
Beware of burns caused by hot tractor and
engine parts.

6-22
 USE OF FRONT POWER TAKE-OFF
(if equipped)

Two types of front PTO according to engine

power:

Power take-off for Mod for Mod. 125-135

Power take-off for Mod for Mod. 145-165-180

The front power take-off has a 6 spline output shaft which

rotates at 1000 rpm. Engagement is electrohydraulic,
actuated by a three position rocker switch (OFF, ON and
ENGAGED) situated on the RH side console. Depending
upon market requirements, the front PTO can be supplied
with two different directions of rotation (clockwise or
counter-clockwise).

IMPORTANT: When using implements that cause

shock loads, always use a safety coupler between the
implement and the PTO drive shaft. Before using the
implement, check the correct operation both of the
safety coupler and of the implement.

IMPORTANT: When using implements with quickly

moving parts (such as mowers, reapers, snowploughs)
ALWAYS fit an overrun device on the implement drive
WARNING: Always mount the plastic guard
shaft, as a protection against possible PTO faults. on the PTO shaft when the PTO is not being
used.
IMPORTANT: Ensure that the implement PTO shaft is
not too long or the PTO is not damaged when the front
mounted implement must be lifted fully up.

DECAL
Provided by the front PTO
maker. (If equipped with front
PTO).

WARNING: Keep yourself at

a safe distance. Speed (rpm)
and spinning of the front PTO
shaft.

6-23
Engage the PTO as follows:
OPERATION 1
Reduce the engine rpm.
OPERATION 2
To engage the PTO, release the switch (2) by pushing
the orange switch lock (1) down and at the same time
press the switch down (ON).
An indicator lamp in the switch will illuminate when the
front power take-off is engaged.
IMPORTANT: PTO will not engage if engine is started
with the switch in the engage position. Move switch to
disengage and then engage.
IMPORTANT: Never try to release dead locked im-
plements by repeated clutch engagement and disen-
gagement. The front power takeoff clutch will slip and
become damaged.
6-24
Disengage the PTO as follows:
OPERATION 1
Reduce the engine rpm.
OPERATION 2
Push the bottom of the switch (1) down to the OFF
position. The indicator lamp in the switch will go out
when the front power takeoff is disengaged.
OPERATION 3
When the engine is switched off the front power
takeoff is automatically disengaged. The indicator lamp
in the switch will go out to indicate the front PTO is
disengaged.
OPERATION 4
Always install the PTO shaft guard when the PTO is not
being used.
IMPORTANT: High-inertia implements do not become
stationary immediately when PTO is disengaged. Allow
sufficient time for implement to “run down” to a halt
before cleaning or adjusting.
 Mod. 145-165-180 FRONT POWER LIFT (if equipped)
Hitch System Multi Valve

The valve is mounted at the rear of the tractor.

The multi valve has two operation modes.

Valve Positions
The front power lift is operated via the tractor’s remote
1st mode - Double acting
hydraulic valve circuit and is double acting, (the linkage
is power lifted and power lowered).

The hitch is designed for Category IIIN implements.

The top link has a ball end.

Maximum Lift Capacity, at 610 mm in front of lift point

Mod.125-135...........................................................2800 kg
Mod.145-165-180....................................................3500 kg

IMPORTANT: Do not exceed the maximum permitted 2nd mode - Single acting
front axle operating weight when using the front hitch.
Observe tyre load capacities and any possible legal
limitations.

6
3rd mode - Disengaged (Transport) - For system safety
during transport or travel on road.

DECAL
(If equipped with a front hitch -
Located near the multi-purpose
control valve)
IMPORTANT: The front power lift is operated using
Read the Operator’s Manual one of the tractors remote valves. In order to use the
carefully before using. rear couplers of this valve the front power lift MUST be
disengaged as shown.

6-25
Lower Links Transport position
The lower links have three positions. When changing
the position of the lower links, support the links when
removing the retaining pins.

Both lift links must be set in the same position.

Rigid Position

Top Link

For operation with no vertical movement, install the

retaining pins in the rear hole.

Float position

When not being used store the top link as shown

above.

When operating on the public highway without equip-

ment attached always store the top link correctly.

For operation with vertical float, independently of each

other, install the retaining pins in the front hole.

6-26
Hitch Operation
OPERATION 1
Lower the lower links and set for Rigid or Float applica-
tion, as required.
OPERATION 2
Attach the implement to the hitch. Make sure the
correct category implement is attached. A category
indication is stamped on each lower link.
Make sure the claws on the front hitch engage with the
implement and the latches lock.
OPERATION 3
Move the relevant remote control to raise or lower the
hitch as required.
Optional Equipment
Front Hydraulic Quick Couplers for Remote
Valves (available as a kit)
IMPORTANT: The front remote couplers are supplied
from one of the rear remote valves. DO NOT use both
the front and the corresponding rear remote couplers at
the same time.
WARNING: Stand well clear of the linkage
or implement when operating the external
controls or injury can result from contact
with moving parts. Watch for possible pinch
points between the implement and tractor
when the hitch is moved.
Front Ballast
On request, a front ballast kit on the front power lift is
available.
6
WARNING: Use suitable lifting means when
handling the ballast.
WARNING: When servicing work is requi-
red, lower the front lift to the ground and
unhitch the implement. NEVER carry out
servicing work by standing under the front
lift.
6-27
Maintenance of front PTO and power lift (if equipped)

Front PTO (if equipped)

Oil type...............................................................................................................................AGROLUBE VELA/C
Capacity.................................................................................................................................................. 2.7 litres

Grease Points
Lubricant Type....................................................................................................AGROLUBE G.M.P. GREASE EP

WARNING: If you need to open the bonnet, follow the procedure indicated under “How to open the bonnet”.
WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devices for each operation.
WARNING: Maintenance operations must be carried out with the engine off. Check that the gear and the par-
king brake are both engaged and that the ignition key has been removed.
WARNING: Beware of burns caused by hot tractor and engine parts.

Front PTO oil radiator

Every 100 hours
We recommend a daily cleaning of PTO oil radiator when Check front PTO oil level (if
front implements are used, especially front mower-
conditioners. equipped)

To check the power takeoff oil level, put the tractor on

level ground.
Remove the fill/level plug (1) located on the front of the
housing. If the oil level is low, add the recommended oil
type to raise the oil level to the bottom edge of the fill
hole. Install the plug and tighten.

6-28
 100 HOUR MAIN SERVICE

Grease Points
NOTE: Use a multipurpose lithium grease (see Lubricant Chart ).

NOTE: In severe conditions lubricate these points more frequently.

Front 3-Point Hitch

(if equipped)

WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devices

for each operation.
WARNING: Beware of burns caused by hot tractor and
engine parts.

Top of lift cylinder, 2 points.

6
Bottom of lift cylinder.

NOTE: Lubricate if not used frequently and also after

washing with water pressure hose.

6-29
 500 HOUR MAIN SERVICE

Change front PTO oil and clean the oil filter

WARNING: If you need to open the bonnet, follow the procedure indicated under “How to open the bonnet”.
WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devices for each operation.
WARNING: Maintenance operations must be carried out with the engine off. Check that the gear and the par-
king brake are both engaged and that the ignition key has been removed.
WARNING: Beware of burns caused by hot tractor and engine parts.

OPERATION 1 OPERATION 3

Remove the pump cover (4). Remove the oil filter (5)
Put the tractor on level ground. from the pump unit and clean the filter.

Remove the hose (1) and allow the oil to drain into a OPERATION 4
suitable container.
Install the clean oil filter, the pump cover (4) and tighten
For best results drain the oil after operation when the oil the bolt (3). Install the circlip (2).
is warm. Once the oil has completely drained re-attach
the hose.
OPERATION 5
IMPORTANT: Dispose of oil according to local law re-
quirements. DO NOT DRAIN THE OIL ON THE GROUND
OR INTO A DRAIN. Be responsible for the environment.

OPERATION 2

Top up with oil of the recommended type: oil should

be level with the bottom edge of the hole (6).

Wait approximately 5 minutes. Check the oil level again

Remove the circlip (2) and loosen the bolt (3). and add oil as necessary. Install the plug and tighten.

6-30
 TRAILER BRAKE COUPLINGS (if equipped, according to market)

Trailer air brakes

1. YELLOW COUPLING - BRAKE SERVICE LINE (DUAL LINE SYSTEM)

2. RED COUPLING - BRAKE EMERGENCY LINE (DUAL LINE SYSTEM)
3. BLACK COUPLING - FEED AND RETURN (SINGLE LINE SYSTEM) - (OPTIONAL)

WARNING: Make sure the system is at wor-

king pressure before operating the brakes
with a trailer(s) fitted. Failure to do this can
result in injury or death.

WARNING: DO NOT park an unattended

tractor/trailer(s) combination using air pres-
sure to apply the brakes (Dual Line Pneu-
matic Braking System). The mechanical
park brake on both the tractor and trailer(s)
MUST be applied.

The air reservoirs store air under pressure to operate the

trailer brakes.

Maximum Permitted Pressure .................... 12.5 bar

Working Pressure
Dual Line System ..................................... 7.5 bar
6
Single Line System ..................................... 5.0 bar

NOTE: If the pressure in the system, as indicated

by the pressure gauge, is lower than 4 bar, check for
the cause. In this case, ask your Dealer’s specialized
workshop for help. 4. AIR PRESSURE GAUGE (position according to tractor
model).
Capacity ......................................................10 litres

Reservoir draining............................ Daily

6-31
 10 HOURS OR DAILY SERVICE

Drain pneumatic trailer brake

reservoirs (if equipped)

WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devices

for each operation.
WARNING: Beware of burns caused by hot tractor and
engine parts.

Operate the drain valve plunger (1) under each reservoir

to drain any water which has collected.

EVERY 1000 HOURS SERVICE OR ONCE A YEAR

WARNING: Always use specific personal safety devices for each operation.
WARNING: Beware of burns caused by hot tractor and engine parts.

Trailer air brakes (if fitted)

Replace the filter drier (1) of the trailer air brake plant.

Unscrew the filter.

IMPORTANT: The old filter MUST be placed in a sealed

container and disposed of according to local regulations.
Absolute respect for the environment.

Screw the new filter.

NOTE: Replace the filter only with original parts.

6-32
 DIFFERENTIAL AXIS
PLANE INTERFACE

M20 X 35
4+4 HOLES

ENGINE
AXIS

M20 X 36
8+8 HOLES
M16 10 HOLES

DETAIL A
SCALE 1: 2

M16 16 HOLES
THREAD LENGTH
6 STUDS 49MM
Implement attachment points 125-135 - Dimensions in mm

SECT. A-A SECTION B-B

SCALE 1:2.5 SCALE 1:4

ENGINE AXIS
SCALE 1:3
SCALE 1:5
FRONT AXLE INTERFLANGE = 1897
ENGINE
8 STUDS AXIS
ENGINE
AXIS

SCALE 1:3
SCALE 1:5

6-33
REAR INTERFLANGE = 1728

6
 DIFFERENTIAL AXIS
PLANE INTERFACE

6-34
M20 X 35
8+8 HOLES

ENGINE
AXIS

M20 X 36
M16 10 HOLES 8+8 HOLES

DETAIL A
SCALE 1: 2
SECT. A-A SECTION B-B
SCALE 1:4 SCALE 1:4

ENGINE
AXIS M16 16 HOLES
10 STUDS ENGINE THREAD LENGTH
AXIS 49MM

SCALE 1:3 ENGINE AXIS

SECT. X-X
SCALE 1:5
Implement attachment points 145-165-180 (if available) - Dimensions in mm

CARRARO FRONT AXLE INTERFLANGE = 1940

8 STUDS REAR INTERFLANGE
145 VARIABLE>/= 1880
165 VARIABLE>/= 1910
180 VARIABLE>/= 1910
145 FIXED = 1840
165 FIXED = 1870

SCALE 1:3
SCALE 1:5

REAR INTERFLANGE = 1728

 Index

Section 7
Alphabetical Index 7

7-1
 Index
A
Adjustments, maintenance......................................... 5-1
Air conditioner...................................................3-15, 5-43
Alternator.................................................................. 5-51
Auxiliary control valves.............................................. 4-43
B Engine, starting and stopping..................................... 4-2
Ballast........................................................................ 4-28
Battery....................................................................... 5-49
Bleeding the air from the fuel circuit........................ 5-27
Bleeding, brake circuit.............................................. 5-17
Brake fluid reservoir ................................................. 5-17
Brakes, maintenance................................................ 4-17
Brakes, operation...................................................... 4-16
C Fuel.............................................................................. 5-6
Cab air filter............................................................... 5-45
Cab.................................................................. 3-13, 5-43
Cautions when using the PTO.................................. 4-15
CE Declaration of Conformity................................... 6-15
Check your equipment................................................ 2-6
Cleaning...................................................................... 2-7
Clutch pedal, bleeding the system........................... 5-15
Compressor belt......................................................... 5-2
D H
Danger symbols.......................................................... 2-2
Dangerous operations............................................... 2-17
Differential lock......................................................... 4-18
Four-wheel drive................................................. 4-18, 6-8
7-2
E
Electrical system....................................................... 5-49
Electro-hydraulic PTO................................................ 4-10
Engine air filter................................................. 5-32, 5-34
Engine cooling system..................................... 5-12, 5-38
Engine oil filter.......................................................... 5-28
Engine oil, level check and replacement........... 5-9, 5-28
Engine, maintenance......................................... 5-9, 5-28
Equipment, check....................................................... 2-6
F
Fan and alternator belt................................................ 5-2
Four-wheel drive................................................. 4-18, 6-8
Front axle with central brakes, 4WD 6-8
Front axle with side brakes, 4WD............................. 6-19
Front track adjustments............................................ 4-21
Fuel filter................................................. 5-12, 5-26, 5-27
Fuses......................................................................... 5-54
G
Gearbox....................................................................... 4-5
Gearbox, maintenance..................................... 5-10, 5-31
General information.................................................... 1-7
General lubrication...................................................... 5-2
Heating, cab ............................................................. 3-15
Highway Code regulations . ..................................... 2-19
Hydraulic system, maintenance....................... 5-10, 5-31
Hydraulic trailer brake............................................... 4-17

I R
Idle periods............................................................... 5-57
Implement mounting................................................ 6-16
Instrument cluster................................................ 3-6, 3-7
Instruments and controls..................................... 3-1, 3-2
L
Lights, switches................................................... 3-4, 3-5
Lubricants and fuels.................................................. 6-18
Lubricants.................................................................. 6-18
M Seat ........................................................................... 3-17
Main clutch, control pedal.......................................... 4-4
Maintenance ....................................................... 2-3, 5-1
Maintenance at request............................................. 5-9
Maintenance, 100 hours........................................... 5-21
Maintenance, 1000 hours......................................... 5-30
Maintenance, 2000 hours......................................... 5-38
Maintenance, 250 hours........................................... 5-23
Maintenance, 500 hours........................................... 5-28
Mechanically controlled hitch................................... 4-38
Message to the operator............................................ 2-2
O Towing attachments................................................... 4-31
Operation.................................................................... 4-1
Optional extras.......................................................... 6-12
P U
Parking brake.................................................... 4-16, 4-18
Periodical maintenance table...................................... 5-2
Precautions.......................................................... 2-2, 2-5
Pre-delivery.................................................................. 1-8
Protective clothing...................................................... 2-5
Index
Rear final drives, transmission oil.............................. 5-31
Rear track adjustments.............................................. 4-22
Risk of overturning..................................................... 2-13
Risks from noise ....................................................... 2-23
Road transport.................................................. 2-19, 4-45
Routine maintenance guide......................................... 5-2
Running-in.................................................................... 5-4
S
Safety decals.............................................................. 2-24
Safety precautions....................................................... 1-7
Safety........................................................................... 2-2
Speedsix, ground speed tables................................... 4-8
Starting and stopping the engine................................ 4-2
Starting and stopping the tractor................................. 4-3
Starting the engine in cold weather...................... 2-9, 4-2
Steering angle adjustment, 4WD............................... 4-19
Steering wheel........................................................... 3-17
Systems, checks.......................................................... 2-6
T
Technical specifications............................................... 6-1
Three-point hitch........................................................ 4-35
Tractor identification.................................................... 1-6
Transmission and hydraulic circuit oil filters..... 5-23, 5-24
Transmission oil, level check and replacement.5-10, 5-31
Use of the tractor on public roads............................... 2-1
Use of the tractor.................................................. 2-3, 4-1
W
Warning and caution.................................................... 1-7
Warranty....................................................................... 1-8
Weights and dimensions...................................... 6-2, 6-3
Wheel track adjustment.................................... 4-20, 4-22
Wheels and tyres....................................................... 4-26
Working in safety....................................................... 2-11
7-3
Index
Contents Directive 2010/52/CE

Operator's manual GMax

No. 2010/52/EEC Section

4.1 In particular or in addition to the requirements in standard ISO 3600:1996, the operator’s manual
shall cover the following:
a adjustment of the seat and suspension related to the ergonomic position of the operator with 3, 6
respect to the controls and in order to minimise the risks from whole body vibration;
b use and adjustment of the system for heating, ventilation and air-conditioning, when provided; 3
c starting and stopping of the engine; 2, 4
d location and method of opening of emergency exits; 3
e boarding and leaving the tractor; 2, 3
f the hazard area near to the pivot axis of articulated tractors; NA
g use of special tools, if any are provided; 2
h safe methods used for service and maintenance; 2, 5
i information about the interval of inspection of hydraulic hoses; 2
j instructions about how to tow the tractor; 2, 4
k instructions about the safe use of jacks and recommended jacking points; 2, 5
l hazards related to batteries and fuel tank; 2, 5
m prohibited use of the tractor, where overturning hazards exist with mention that the list is not 2, 4
exhaustive;
n residual risks, related to hot surfaces, such as filling of oil or coolant in hot engines or transmis- 2, 5
sions;
o the level of protection of the Falling Objects Protective Structure, if applicable; 1, 2
p the level of protection against hazardous substances, if applicable; 1, 2, 6
q the level of protection of the Operators Protection Structure, if applicable; 1, 2, 4
4.2 Attaching, detaching and working with mounted machinery, trailers and interchangeable towed
machinery:
a a warning to strictly follow the instructions outlined in the operator’s manual of the mounted or 2
trailed machinery or trailer, and not to operate the combination tractor-machine or tractor-trailer
unless all instructions have been followed;
b a warning to stay clear from the area of the three-point linkage when controlling it; 2, 4
c a warning that mounted machinery must be lowered on the ground before leaving the tractor; 2, 4
d speed of the power take-off drive shafts in function of the mounted machinery or trailed vehicle; 4, 6
e a requirement to use only power take-off drive shafts with adequate guards; 2, 4
f information about hydraulic coupling devices and their function; 2, 4
g information about the maximum lift capacity of the three-point linkage; 4, 6
h information about the determination of the total mass, the axle loads, the tyre load carrying capacity 4, 6
and the necessary minimum ballasting;
i information about the available trailer braking systems and their compatibility with the trailed vehicles; 4
j the maximum vertical load on the rear hitch, related to the rear tyre size and type of hitch; see 4, 6
relevant approval documents

7-4
 Index
Contents Directive 2010/52/CE

k information about using implements with power take-off drive shafts and that the technically pos- 2, 4
sible inclination of the shafts depend on the shape and size of the master shield and/or clearance
zone, including the specific information required in case of PTO type 3 with reduced dimension;
l a repeat of the data on the statutory plate about maximum allowed trailed masses; 2, 4, 6
m a warning to stay clear from the area between tractor and trailed vehicle. 2, 4
4.3 Noise declaration: 6
The operator’s manual shall give the value of the noise at the operator’s ear, measured according
to Directive 2009/76/CE of the European Parliament and of the Council and the noise of the tractor
in motion measured according to Annex VI to Directive 2009/63/CE of the European Parliament
and of the Council.
4.4 Vibration declaration: 6
The operator’s manual shall give the value of the vibration level measured according to Council
Directive 78/764/EEC;
4.5 Relevant operating modes of a tractor that can reasonably be expected and identified as contain-
ing particular hazards are the following:
a work with front-end loader (risk of falling objects); 2
b forestry application (risk of falling and/or penetrating objects); 1, 2
c work with crop sprayers, mounted or trailed (risk of hazardous substances). 1, 2, 5
4.5.1 Front-end loader:
4.5.1.1 The operator’s manual shall outline the hazards associated with front-end loader work, and ex- 2
plain how to avoid those hazards.
4.5.1.2 The operator’s manual shall indicate the fixation points on the body of the tractor where the 6
front-end loader must be installed, together with the size and quality of the hardware to be used.
If no such attachment points are foreseen, the operator’s manual shall prohibit the installation of
a front-end loader.
4.5.1.3 Tractors fitted with programmable hydraulic sequencing functions shall provide information on NA
how to connect the loader hydraulics so that this function is inoperable.
4.5.2 Forestry application:
4.5.2.1 In case of use of an agricultural tractor in a forestry application, the identified hazards are the NA
following:
a toppling trees, primarily in case a rear-mounted tree grab-crane is mounted at the rear of the NA
tractor;
b penetrating objects in the operator’s enclosure, primarily in case a winch is mounted at the rear NA
of the tractor.
4.5.2.2 The operator’s manual shall provide information about the following:
a the existence of the hazards described in point 4.5.2.1; NA
b any optional equipment that might be available to deal with those hazards; NA
c fixation points on the tractor where protective structures can be fixed, together with the size NA
and quality of the hardware to be used. When no means are foreseen to fit adequate protective
structures, this shall be mentioned;
d protective structures may consist of a frame protecting the operating station against toppling NA
trees or (mesh) grids in front of the cab doors, roof and windows;
e
4.5.3
the Falling Objects Protection System level, if provided;
Work with crop sprayers (risk of hazardous substances):
NA
7
The protection level against hazardous substances, in accordance with EN 15695-1:2009, must 1, 2,
be described in the operator’s manual". 5, 6

NA: Not Applicable

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NOTE: This manual has been published for worldwide circulation. The
standard and optional equipment and the availability of individual mod-
els may vary from one country to the next. Argo Tractors reserves the
right to undertake modifications without prior notice to the design and
technical equipment at all times without this resulting in any obligation
whatsoever to make such modifications to units already sold. Whilst
every effort is made to ensure that the specifications, descriptions, pho-
tographs and illustrations in this manual are correct at the time of going
to print, these are also subject to change without prior notice. The 7
photographs and illustrations used in this manual may show optional
equipment or may not show all standard equipment. Any reproduction
or translation, even partial, is forbidden without the written authorization
of Argo Tractors.

7-7
 To guarantee
a proper and satisfactory
operation to
your tractor,
only use
original spare parts

Landini chooses Agrolube lubricants

7-8