- - --

-
7/
/

.. -
 on your
desk top ...
or on wheels

Sparkling new ••• smDDth,wDrking cDmbD ... a pDwerful

100 watt AM transmitter, sensitive dual,cDnversiDn
receiver .. •twD·way aperaticn en 80-40·20·15·10 and 6 -
meters. This handsnme, designer·styled package is just
slightly over one fDDt IDng, less than six inches high,
mDunts handily under the dash of jaur car-blends in
6-band
too, belDngs. Transistorized DC supply is separate, mDunts 100 watt AM
in any small cDnvenient space.
transceiver
You can take this G-76 out 01 your car, use it- wi th matching AC power supply and speaker
assembly- for excellent 6band fixed station operation. Here's opportunity to add new enjoyment
- and OX -with operation on another lively amateur band, 6 meters. G·76 is a full·blown, star
performer on 6 as well as the other fivewidely used 10, 15, 20, 40 and 80 meter bands.

While G-76 is properly called a transceiver becauseof some common audio circuitry, transmitter
and receiver are separately tunable. Receiver can be set to out·of·band OX, transmitter VFO
anywhere within theband. Transmitter VFO is intended to be spotted on receiver dial. Frequency
control may be either by VFO or quartz crystal. (Except on 6 meters which is crystal controlled
only.) Transmitter and receiver oscillators are both compensated so that drift with temperature
is negligible. Oscillator circuit has very low drift even with exceptionally wide excursions in
both plate and filament supply voltages.
HIGHLIGHTS: Transmitter power input 100 watts AM , 120 watt s CW • pi network OUlp'ut for 52 ohms· Dual
conversion reeerser • BfO for CW/SSB recept ion· Automatic noise limiter· Sensit ivity: appror. 1 microvolt
at 50 ohms for 6 db S+N/N ratio· Select ivit)': J to 3.5 kc bandwidth at 6 db down, 14 kcs or less at
&0 db down.

6·761ess power supply and speaker, '3338 376 .25

G·76 transistorized 12V DC power supply (neg. ground), '3350 t45 .00
G·76 power supply for 117VAC w/speaker, '3349 145.00

<;,a~~El GO N SET :'oi~i:~~~~f.~~~n!T~p~~nRg8~N~i~eA:;:t~~?~ion

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 175 WATTS
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50 MC-54 MC 144 MC-14~ MC
... with Automatic Modulation Control
to outperform even many kilowatt rigs
(3.5 )IC·30 )IC and 220 Me adapters available soon t
tVom some of the many features found
this outstanding new VHF TransmiUer:
• High Level Plate and Screen lIIodu-
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• Highly Efficient Type 7034 Final
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• Self-Contained Stahle VFO
• Built-In Automatic Modulation Con-
trot
• Simple Band Switching and Tune-Up
~6M.. Malchlng
lARC H 19b1
only in
• Two Un it Construction with Remote
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• Attractive Styling
Amateur Net Price: Only 8559. Com-
pletely wired and tested with all tubes,
Modulator, Power Supply, VFO, cables,
etc.
VHF RECEIVER!
13 MAGAZINE • I
 INTERNATIONAL
1961
CATALOG

AMATEURS-
Complete data on I n te rna t ion al's all
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meter transmitting and receiving gear;
crysta l controlled converters for 75 ,
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CITIZEN L1CENSEES-
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Se nd Free 1961 International Catalog •o
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2 • 73 MAGAZ IN E MARCH 196 1

73 Magazine March, 1961
Vol.I,No.6
1379 East 15th Street
Brooklyn 30, N. Y.
Ta ble of Contents
Tra nslating Technical J ournals Jim Kyle KSJKXj b . 9
• ¥ O?'!1 rea d this one to a nyune who w ill Hsten .
Tranll5tome d Grid Dip O scilla tor Melvin Lie bowih W 3KET . 10
Sen'rinll the fie umbilica l cord with a trans is tor.
C uring Ign ition Interference Cha rles Sch ecter W 8 UC G . 13
St(>J>-by-steu a ssKSi inat ion of the notev car gre mlins.
Superre ge nrative Rece ive rs H owa rd Burgess W5WGF . 14
Ten rul es for ll('ttinK good results from a su pervregen illustrated.
Decreasing Debugging Tim e _ J. Kyle K5J KX/ b , _.. '" . 16
H ow to gt't things back ca st wf-en t hey JW west _ . . in hurry.
Top load ed Wh ip __ AI Ne wla nd W2 1H W . 18
W hy not make your o w n m ob fle wh ip ?
CW Tra.n smission with Telety pe Equipment Roy E. Pafenberg . 20
S imple con ve rs ion ot RTTY (or that hated C W id e ntification by IT tape.
All Ban d An ten na Kyle K5JKX/ b . 22
Yo u' VI.' been waling (o r s om eo n e to adapt that Lo g P e r-iodic Ante n na.
Double Your Power Supply Voltage Cha rles Spitz W 4API . 24
Not difficult wit h a c ou nle s flt co n rectifler-s,
Impeda nce s of Sur plus Equipme nt Roy Paf en be rg . 25
Input a nd output irnpeda nees for m os t popu la r- s u r p lus gear.
Patch Patch Alli e C. Peed K2DHA . 26
Quic k met hod of hooking your phone patch in lind out o f the te-lep hone li ne.
432 me Transistorized Converter J. Specialny W 3HIX . 27
Good n ight! H o w hig h w il l t hey go w ith tra nsts tors j C r ys t al cont ro lled tiM).

Two Meter Transmitt er J ohn Sury K8NIC/5 . 29

S light mod i fi ca tio n o f t he 6:\1 riR" f r om Octo ber is -su e of 73.
Squawk Box , '" '" K5JKX/ b . 30
T'r a n siatu r-i ze d louds peaker n m p fifi e r-.
Up Front , , Staff . 32
R u t he r thoroug h look at reeetver front e nd s, o ur b ig toch nlc a.l article.
Don 't Bug Me Dad Ken J ohnson WbNKE . 38
Our cover- n s-tls t ulao writes. I ns t r uctio ns fo r ne w bUR" ow nera.
Varicap Tun ing Device Robert Baird W7CSD . 42
Helps the b lin d ha m t o tu ne u p his ri R" o r u n yone ('hw fo r t hu t mu tt...r .
Noise Clipper, Semiconductor Style AI Newland W21HW ..... . ... . . . ... 43
T in y c li p per for Iuse r t bm i n cur rudlos , i nc ludi n g trR nlli" t,, )" lIet li.
Wor~in9 80 Meter Phon e OX Fred C ollins W IFRR . 44
W A C in o n e nhzht w hen you kn o w w he r e t o li s t e n .
DC Transistorized Meter Amplifier Roy McCarthy Kb EAW . 46
Get ama zi n R" sensitivity out o f normal me t e n w it h thi s a rn n lifler-.
Motorola Test Set Bervl Dassow W9H KA . 48
H a m-ba nd tn g t he o ld Motu r ol ll m obil e t t-a n se ej ve r-s ill pop u la r . th ill h e lps.
Propag ation Ch arts for March Da ve Brown K21GY . 54
Wha t ti me t o w here, w he n p l·oh nbly .
Names, Sines a nd Handles , . Howard Pyle W70E . 56
W hy " Y B" calls hi mael f " Y B."
Save, l earn , Ha ve Fun Hertlend Smith W 8VVD . 62
It rea lly ill c hea per t o bu ild than b uy.
How To File Your 050'5 J ohn Velamo OH2YV . 68
Mo r e ide a s on card fill'S for contacts.
Misc.: St off:
Te ble of C ontents . 3 editor-p ublish er W dyne G ree n W 2NSD
Editoriel . . d e W2N SD . 4
Lette rs to the editor -.. 6 pub lications ma ne ge r Da vid Fish
Advertisi ng Re tes for 73 . 6
G rounded G rid Triod e Circ uit . 12 essocie te edi tor Don Sm ith W 3UZN
How t o d raw e pe -ebcle for VH F ante nnes . I5 e ssoct ete editor Jim Kyle K5J KX/ b
Plugs for the e s ~in g . 19
C ut O ut vote for a rticles . 43 •
essccie te edit or . .... " ... .. Ma rvin l ipton VE3DQX
Air Force MARS Tec hnic e! Brced cests . 49
He m Head lines . 49 associate ed itor .............. . Ch arles Spitz W4API
Cha ssis mounting t he Pl ·2S9 . 50
New Produ cts . 51 sales representetive ........ J im Morriss ett WA6EX U
Subscripti on Plea . 55 seles re prese nte tiva Ja ck Gutzeit W 2l ZX
O ther Hem Publice tic ns . 58
Don't talk to these cou ntries " ' , .. 67 subscriptions ... Incred ible Announcem ent Ned Month
Adve rtiser's In de •. . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Tu ne Up W ith A Sole r Bette rv . 71 Trenspc rte ticn . Peeseh e

COVER: Pe n a nd i n ~ sketch by Ke n J ohnson, W6N KE.

- 3 ) 1 n zt nl" t s publl.htd month ly Ly Amat eur Ra.d lo P ublh hln• • I nc.• 116 :\o b ll'l ~lre l"l . :\"or....alk. Conn~t tcn t. Bu.lneu Ol'ftce. 1319 E.-t
i- l h ~ t N B rook trn 30 x ew York 'I'elephene : ~A 9· 0360. Sub. crlptlon ni H : U .8.•' . a nd pOllelllol'l' . APO. F PO. Canada and ) Iulco;
~e year; 13 00 ' two }'e~r i $3.00 ; thr ee yea n ·si.oo. F oret.,n : one )'P8r s ~ . oo ; two r un $1.00. ~erond ·ct a ll po.II·It' paid at .sorwall.;.
Conn ecticut . ' P ri nted In t be U.S.A . Entire con tent. ropyrllth~ 196! by .' mate nr R ad io Pubttshtn.,. Inc. P os tmas te r : P lease lend form
3519 to 73 :\o[IK"ul no. 1379 E I H 15th ~treet. Brook1)T1 30, :" l'W '\: ur k.
 • • • de W2NSD
Here is the sixth issue of 73. We're still
around, still bringing you good articles and
lots of 'em .. . plus eig-ht more pages, t ha nks to
the adverti ser s. Our original policies a re sti ll
fairly intact. 'Ve're st ill not mad at anybody.
Disgusted maybe, but not mad. we've been
bringing you the promised technical and con-
st r uction articles and, if the mail is to be
believed, a lot of fellows have sta r ted building
home-brew gear a s a result.
Your C autious Editor
Unfortunately for my piece of mind I am
mi s- or iII-informed on many subjects other
than ham radio. Thi s manifests itself, a s
with most would-be writers, in an ambition to
write on these subj ects. In an attempt to
keep from lo using u p th is otherwise ( possi bly)
interesting- pamphlet with s uch drivel a s
mig-ht erupt when I attempt to over-compen-
sa te for a well developed inferiority complex,
but st ill to provide a limited outlet for the-e
psychic di sturbances, I will channel my cre-
ative (?) energies to the office Ditto machine.
The point is thi s: if anyone is in te r ested
or morbid ly cu riam; enough to take t he tim e
and send a stamped self addressed envelope
then I'll st uff som e of my stuff and return it.
Look what you get for 4c! All sorts of non-
rad io (u sually) chatter on subj ects you'd
rath er not read about and are su r e to violently
di sagree with, st uff which I'd be out of my
mi nd to publish in 73. Consolat ion : only one
Ride of the pa per will be used so you can teal'
the pages up and use the back for notes.
RTTY Dinner, Ma rch 20th
The Sixth Annual RTTY Dinn er and Gen-
eral Conflab will be held Monday even ing
March 20th at the \ Vhite Turkey T own House,
260 Mad ison Avenue (at 39th Street) in New
York. T he gathering commences at 5 pm,
dinner at 7. Formalities will he interesting and
brief. Reservations are extremely important
thi s time : send $6 .00 to El ston Swanson, c/o
Instruments for Industr-y, 101 X ew South
Road, H icksville , L. I., N. Y. Please make •VOUI'
reservation a s soon a s possible.
New York Sid eband Dinner
Ten years ago a sma ll group of amateurs
held a clandestine meeting during the heighth
of the I. R.E. show. The way was hard for the
Sideband pioneers and they needed to encour-
4 • 73 MA GAZ INE
•
(never say die)
age each other . . . and perhaps the)' wanted
to hear what someone's vo ice sou nded like
without the phasing r ig between t hem.
T his ca utiou s gathering of avant-g a rde
amateurs ha s now grown to a full fledged ham-
fe st, complete with di splays by manufacturers
and a huge banquet at the Statler-Hilton. Send
$10 for your ticket to the 10th Annual SSE
Din ne r to the SSBARA, c /o Mike Le Vine
W A2 B L H, 33 Allen Road , Rockville Centre,
L. I. , N. Y . 10 u.m . March 21st at the Statle r -
H ilt on , with dinner at 7 :30. Naturally 7:1 will
have a booth.
Phoenix, May 26-29
The Southwestern Division AHRL Conven-
tion is g-irding itself for a rea l whingdi ng a f-
fa ir over t he long Memor-ial Day weekend. Th is
shou ld he one of the best Conventions in the
western U. S. thi s year, so how about all you
Southern Californians bu zzing on over for a
real western holiday. It may be a bit of a
damper, but I'll be there wearing' my western
outfit. To make up for thi s we will al so have
on display our entire subsc r ipt ion department
(see Decembe r cover.') This isn't enough? \ Ve'll
also have on display our western representa-
tive J im Mort-issett 'V A6EXU, formerly A s-
sis t a n t Editor of CQ and foreign correspondent
on "Frozen Jim" trip to Antarctica.
There will, fo rt un a t ely , be a lot more inter-
esting things than a vacationing' 73 sta ff to
look at . Like they will have prizes: a Viking
K ilowatt & Ra ngel' , un SS B station, a tower,
a V II I" tru nclever, a nd scads of (Ither goodies.
Be s u re to bring' at least a s ta t ion wag-on so
you can cart all that st uff home afterwards.
Regi stration is $8 ¥.!: per. Send for info or
sen d dough to George Mezey K7NIY, P .O. Box
814, Sun City, Arizona. Thi s includes regi stra-
tion, the big banquet, and a bre a k f uat .
Swampscott
Being' only in the throws of preliminary
organization and planning- of 73 magazine la st
year- at the time of the now hi storic Swamp-
scott Convention, I unfortunately mi ssed out
on it. That is a blunder that I don't intend to
d up lica te thi s year. Po ssibly, for some reason
of your own, you a lso mi ssed th is event last
year . . . if so it would seem prudent for you
to correct this er-ror, if you are within driving
di stance.
There s ure mu st have been a vacuum on
the ham band s in the first di strict la st year
MARC H 196 1
 •

*EICO nremeunts, prewtres, pretunes, and seals the ENTIRE

transmitter oscillator c i rc u i t to conform with FCC regul ations
(Section 19.71 SUbdivision d). EICD thus gives you the trans-
ceiver in kit farm that you can build and put on the air without
the supervision of a Commercial Radio-Telephone Licensee!

Kit

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# 762 : 117 VAC & 12 VDC
incl. mtg. bracket (Pat. Pend.)
$69.95
Wired
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NEW! 60·WATT CW
TRANSMITTER # 723 COLOR &. MONO DC·5MC LAB &.
Kit $49.95 Wired $79.95
TV 5·· OSCILLOSCOPE # 460
Kit $79.95 Wired $129.50
Ideal f or novice or adva nced ham
ne ed ing low-power, st and-by r ig . 5" PUSH-PUll OSCILLOSCOPE
60W CW, SOW ext ernal plate mod- # 425 Kit $44.95 Wired $79.95
utation . 80 through 10 mete rs.
90-WATT CW TRANSMITTER·
# 720 Kit $79.95 Wired $119.95 PEAK-TO-PEAK
·U. S. Pat. No. 0·184,776 VTVM # 232 &. *UNI ·PROBE@
" Top ouality" - ELECTRONIC Kit $29.95 Wi red $49.95
KITS GU IDE. Ideal f or veteran or -u. S. Pat. No. 2 ,790.051
novice. 90W CW, 6SW ext ernal VACUUM TUBE VOLTMETER # 221
plat e modulation. 80 through 10
meters .

HIGH·LEVEL UNIVERSAL
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MOOULATOR-DRIVER # 730
Kit $49.95 Wired $79.95
Delivers SOW unc tstcrted audio.
Modulates transmitters having
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(150kc·435mcj
Kit $26.95 Wired $39.95
TV·FM SWEEP GENERATOR
RF inputs up t o 100W. Unique • &. MARK ER # 368
over-mecu tancn indicat or . Cove r Kit $69.95 Wired $119.95
t-s $4.50.
_ .. GRID OIP METER # 710
If I'r--
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Includes complet e set of coi ls
f or full band cove rage. ccntrnu-
DYNAMIC CONDUCTANCE TUBE
&. TRANSISTOR TESTER # 666
Kit $69.95 Wi red $109.95
~!Jr-- ous coverage 400 kc to 250 mc. TUBE TESTER # 625
• sao ua meter. Kit $34.95 Wired $49.95

£ICO, 33-00 N. Bl Vd. , LtC.1 , N.Y. 73-] ':i

~~~~I~eo~of6~~q~~my~O~ o ~:~ Name ~!I
~jeO geJd~~~~sJ~~rteC~~ r~ rd; Add ress ~I
ro~VI~~du~:~s:- O~e~~i~hb~r~~~d City Zone State ; I
EICO di stributor. Send 36·page Stereo· HI·FI Cu ldebook: 25t encl osed for postage &. handling I
--------------------
SE E EICO .f IR E BOOTH 3509
"l

MARCH 196 1 7J MAGAZIN E • 5

 wi th 3500 ha ms we re off t he a ir a ll a t once.
Im agine the poor g uy with the lit tle DX-aS.
NO MONKEY BUSINESS He gets on th e air on 20 a nd ca lls a CQ. Sud-
den ly t here are st at ions calling him from all
(climbing) over . . . he's t he only 'VI on the band ! He
doesn't know th is is because eve r yone else is
j a zzing it up down in S wampscot t , all he knows
is that everyon e is caIli ng him and he is the
••
••
•
•

-
•
• with loud est WI on the ba nd. T his is a n even ing
he'll never fo r get.
T he ot her asoo are havi ng a n even ing t hey 'll
never forget too. Decide now wh ich it will be
the for you : the Convent ion or lot s of DX all t o
yourself. \Vr ite Radio Convention, 15 Mac-
Arthur Blvd ., Da nver s, Ma ss., for reg istra-

KTV tion f or ms which are go od u ntil March 25th.

The Conven tion is April 8 -9, t wo days.
73 will be there, complete with t he Subscrip-
ti on Depart ment. Virg ini a wa nts to know if
anyone will volun teer to hel p her keep eager
Hy-Track su bgcr iber s orderl y ? .•. W2NSD

LETTERS
Tower Deur- Wayne :
The Mi cI'oWIl Vlo" Society o f Lo n g Hench hal! j u ~t been
fo rmed lin d club meetjn~l! u r o he ld o n the s ec o n d wed n ea,
da y of e a c h mon t h a t t he ll a Yllho r e P u blic Libra ry, 2 n.1
S t reet a nd HlIysho r e A ve n ue, Lena Bea ch a t 8 p.rn. We
Ra i!<l' and lower YO II T an ten na in minutes , but ha ve pla ns for constru ct ion p rojects thllt you m igh t be
leav e the 100\('f lip. The Hy-T rack makes it a ble t o u se in 13 , Can you put th is in 73 !
Ralph St ~in"tr.. K6GKX
si mp le In malt' adjus tment - o n your bea ms ,
1(-'",1 I1I"W a n tennas, UT prot ec t yOUT arrays from
Dear S ir :
wind da mage. KT\' are available ill a
In Wt-'T " I s a w one iss ue a nd I thin k yo u h uve somet h in R' t her-e.
"a ri d)" of !'o iZt'" 10 ma lt.. h t h ~ helgh t a nd load whut we need ilt mo r e tec h nicn l a nd conat r-uct.io n ))r. d-
you have i ll mi nd. cots and I f'll !! lid ,.. WE' cnn eot n il the cn taloea we wan t
f o r nothtna . W.' ,!on't han' to s u bse r ibe t o them . H i. Hi.
I • . , 1."0 l\In.'lter!4t'.l n W3 1XO

-
••
1 I I is rclrcslii"[1 t o find such Ilait'{fe at this latr d at e, I
'I'otldl" hO'7(' [ast L cD 'I'D/lid "'lSh in lIis sllb.rc,ipt;OIl to 7J
il hc had to se-nd in $10 a )I,'ar! Tllis is 11,hat it u'(Iuld haN'
to cost 'l"ithOlIt the ads. It costs lIS orrr SOt per copy to
trOdlle€, ; 1I €' "'r1'/a::i"r at its /,1('se"t sicc t .\'0, Leo .•• j'OI/
look eare/lllly at lire ads and Ihank coch one lor their co-
O/,I'ru tion in bnllpi'l[l .\'OU I1ris mayu::in(' , • , 1('it1l01lt them
it ,"mlld br imrossible to pllbli,dl an)' hom maga::i'les.

•
•
.. •
•
Advertising Rates
Th ere are proba bly hundreds of likely
\lI'e hope ca n see in the photo how the
)'O U adver t is ing prospects t hat we haven't
array a nd the rota tor hoth go li p and down the cont acted. S ince ou r ra tes a re s o ridicu-
l i y-T ra ck un rail s. Wllf'n you cra nk it 10 th e lously low it might just be clever to un-
top it lucks in place. It automa tica lly unlocks veil what rem a in ing s h ro uds of secrecy
there are a bou t t hem. They 'll be going
when you want 10 low er it agai n. No te how
up shor tly a n yway. Note that our 1" ads
Hn le gr ound ar ea is needed . are only $12 on a 12X basi s,. mak ing it a
fine deal for s ma ller compan ies t ha t wa nt
If' hal )' 0 /1 do next : Send for nrices, S/If'('S, etc. to keep their na me alive.
1 page $120 I< pa ge $40 ( 4 ")
" 'rit e to :
% page 70 % page 25 ( 2")
i. P a ge $ 15 (I " )
KTV Towers Frequency di scoun t : 6X- lO % ; 12X-
20% . Closing date: 5th of the previou s
TOWERS , P. O. Box 294, Sullivan. III. mon th.

6 • 13 MAGAZINE
MARCH 1961
;:::
>
'"o
I
~

-
c-

~ ,"",>:
w sss
;:::
>
,.
~,

(j) m
ill
~ DRAKE ;~A ~
ill~ Discrim inat ing sidebanders have accla imed th e performance of t he Drake 2·A
Z
m
•
RECEIVER ~
~
~ .
.. ~
~
~
yet its low price and simp licity of opera tion make it an ideal receiver for novices•
who have t he assurance th at it wi ll contin ue t o serve thei r needs, whethe r CWo
• $2&9·!~""
~ ~ AM or SS B, when t hey gra duate to general class or highe r. For detailed free
~
-
~ ~
brochure, wri te t o R. L. Drake Company, Miami sburg, Ohio.
 ANNOUNCES

THE NEW

2 0 0 'V"
BROAD-BAND
Exci ter-T rQ n sm itte r

NEW FEATURES IN TIlE 200V Amateur net. ... $795

NEW! Silicon rectifier power supply . Better regulation. Less heat.

Higher voltage. 200 watts PEP input on SSB.
NEW I Frame grid (6EH7-6EJ7) mixers. Extrem ely high gainLess
heat. Unwanted mixer products down in excess of 50 DB.
NEW ! Temperature compensated c r y sta l oscillator circuits (or ex-
trem e, long term stability .
NEW ! Increased mike pre-amplifier gain. Compensates for weak
voic es or low output microphones.
NEW! Smooth as silk two speed tuning knob with 5 KC per turn
vernier tuning ratio.

COMPLETELY BROAD -HANDED. You tune only the VFO . inher-

ently matches output impedances of 50-72 ohms .
PLUS COMPLETE HAND COVERAGE. ALL of the 80 -40 - 20 -1 5- 10 meter
THESE bands, plus generous ov erlap and position for ext r a band.
ORIGINAL INPUT 175 watts on CWo FSK and PM. 100 watts o n AM.
FEATURES " TAILORED" audio fUt er-Audio limiter .
ADJUSTABLE POWER OUTPUT c ontr ol. 2" MONITORING SCOPE.
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UNWANTED SIDE HAND SUPPRESSION 50 DB.
CARRIER SUPPRESSION at least 50 DB.
HARMONICS down in exc e s s of 50 DB.
THERE IS Third order DISTORTION PRODU CTS down in exc es s o(
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•
 How To Read
What the PhD Writes
H andy Translator f or Scholarly P ublications

\ 1
' T HAT w ith t he r a pid advances being made
" by the commercial boys these days, not
to mention the research carried on by govern-
ment-sponsored laboratories, the ham who
wa nt s to keep ahead of t he game almost has
to read sever a l of the "Scholarly Publications "
devoted to electron ics at t he design-e ngineer -
in g' leve l.
H owever, the se people h a ve a la nguage a ll
t heir ow n-or at least t hat's the w ay it seems
to the ty ro bravi ng' t he t hin air of the high-
level resea rc h report for the fir st time. T rans-
lating thi s language into ordinary ham-style
Jim Kyle. KSJKX/6
E ng li sh is one of t he fine points of the prepa-
ra tion of 73.
But , s ince many of u s like to keep even
fart her a h ead of th e ga me than is p ossible
wi thi n t he cove rs of j ust one magaz inc-even
so chock-f'ull-o'ccon tent a p ub licati on as t hi s
- we' r e about to open our top-secret file and
p r ovid e you a Gu idebook to t he H igh-Level
Repor t. \V it h it, you can at least fi nd out w hat
the engineer mea nt to sa y. Rea dy ? H er e goes:

A s Writt en ) Iea nin ~

It is common knowl edge in t he field . I didn't bother to look up all my references.

· . . of extreme t heoretical a nd practical im-
portance . I f ound it interesting, you shoul d too.
While it ha s not been pos sible to provide T he exper imen t s did n't work , b ut I though t I
defi nite a nswers t o all of t h ese questions . . could at lea st get a w r ite-up .
· . . on a s broad a bas is a s possible . Th e budg et was slim.
· . . ste ps are being taken . I' m trying to conv ince the boss we n eed more
money.
. . r equ ires compu tational facilities of con-
sider a ble complexity . wbere's anoth er box of scrat ch pads?
Reasonably st a ble sig nal . Y ou can track it with th e tuning knob if you're
fa st.
Ultra-stable sig na l . You don't have t o track it.
Extremely precise sig na l . See "reasonably st a ble signal."
· . . presently u nde r s tu dy . \ Ve talk about it at coffee time.
It is sug gested t hat . I th in k.
It is ge ne rally believed . A cou ple of other guys t h ink so too.
With in a n or der of ma gn itud e . B etween a ten t h an d t en ti mes wh a t I sa id it
was .
T ypical results are shown . T he best results are shown.
· . . wel l be low . Greater than .
· .. s ur prfslngly low er ro l' . Something's wrong-it agreed with my calcu-
lations!
· .. to a first approximation . to a random guess.
· .. introducing th e cons ta nt factor B . By introducing B, I ca n solve the equati on.
Any other way, it doesn't make sense.
· .. opt imum performance was ach ieved wit h
th e circuit shown . T h is circu it wo rked . A ll the rest faile d .
· . . a ppears enti rely pract ical for our use . H a ms have been doing it fo r years, why can't
we?
It is t o be h oped t hat t hi s effor t w ill stim ulate I st ill don't un der st a nd it , and neit her does
a ddit ional r esearch . anyone else I coul d locate. \Von't somebody
please t ry it too and explain it to u s ?
•. . K 5JKX / 6

MARCH 1961 73 MAGAZINE • 9

 -'. - -' .
. -
<: ~I'I"' ''' '''

Grid D ip Meter,
Trans istorized,

Improved

M elvin Leibowitz, W3K ET

220 We st Fo urt h Street
W ilmington I, Dele we re

10 • 73 MAGAZINE MARCH 1961

T usefulg ri dpi ece
HE dip meter is probably the most
of t est equ ipment available
to the ham . Battery operat ion is des irable for
sever a l rea sons:
1. Th e instr ument may be used outdoo rs
f or antenna work.
2. La ck of "warm -up" time.
3. No trailing cord to get in t he way.
If th e i nst rume nt is to be ba t tery operated it
s ho uld be tran si stor ized for maxim um battery
econ omy and light weight. Such grid dippers
have appeared in ham literatu re 1.2, but they
ha ve seve r a l common fau lt s :
1. T he mecha nical design is difficult fo r
the average ham to duplicate.
2. Calibration sca les are hard t o make
and look sloppy unless the con str ucto r-
is a sk ill ed d raft sman .
3. T he coil form s are u sually requ ired to
have more than two contacts. This dic-
tates the Use of an Amph enol series 24
coil fo rm an d socket. Th ese fo rms do
not lend themselves to quick a nd easy
cha ng ing which is h ighly desirable.
4. The usual design is awkward to hold
and use. Consider the design shown in
Fig . A with t he dia l a t the t op of t he
instrument and the meter below it.
This type is easy to make but unfortun -
ately the use r 's arm obscu res the meter
wh en t urn ing the di al. T he di al m ig ht
be placed below t he me ter a s in F ig .
B. T his results in long lea ds between
the coil and condenser and is undesir-
a ble, Com merc ia l in str ume nt s get
around t hi s p rob le m by bringi ng th e
rim of the tuning dial ou t t h e s ide of
th e case. Thi s type of in strument is
difficult to hold , build, a nd cal ibr ate .
Th e type of const r uction s how n in t he photo-
graph and Figure C eli mi nates all of the
above problems . Th e condenser is located close
to t he coil and is turned by an extension sh a ft
coming out the en d of th e box. Th e ins t r u -
ment is comfortable to h old. Th e only meta l
fabricati on involved is a s im ple "L" mou nting
bracket for the variable condenser. T he cali-
bratio n sca le is a fl a t st r i p of pa per g lued to
the r im of a National H RT k nob . S ince t he
calibration marks are on a s t r a ig ht line they
can be typed in on an ord ina r y typewriter for
neatness.
Sha r p eyed r ead ers will note t he u se of
A nvphenoi series 24 coil fo rm s wh ich I h a ve
previously cond emned. The electrica l circuit
ha s been rev ised so that only two pi n s are
needed on the co il form . T he un used con ta ct s
are removed fro m the co il socket. Thi s r edu ces
the fr iction conside r a b ly and t he coils are ea sy
to change yet a good el ectri ca l conta ct is st ill
ma intai ned.
The oscill a tor s show n in previou s a rticles
employ t he unu sed pins on t he co il f orm t o
vary the bias on the tran si stor as the Ire-
queney is rai sed. Since we have limited our-
MARC H 1961
COII..- - _ -f
r (£::"JI~ VARI ABL E CO HO _ --!
-, . / lA'
SHA F T
,, :,
METER
,"" ,
"
'0'
""'" I"
EJ TOP VIEW
/ J::,.'\
I
" "'0 10,
SL AC K
- )-
"- ..I : : ::::::1 RED
selves to only 2 pin s we ca nnot u se t hi s
approach a nd a potentiometer ha s been sub-
stit uted for t he fixed r esi stors. Thi s produced
a bon u s in t hat it is poss ible to set t he pot
f or r ela tive ly weak oscillations. Un der such
cond it ions the meter w iII g ive a good di p with
very loose coupl ing t o the tuned circuit.
Most of the constructional details should be
eviden t from t he photographs , except f or the
moun tin g of t he A nl lJhenol 78858 coil socket.
Thi s socket is desi gned to be mounted by means
of a retaining s pr ing . Th is does n ot give a
good solid moun t. Obta in a top mountin g, bake-
lit e, 9 p in m ini ature t ube socket . Cr umble t he
bakelite part by squeezing it in a v ise. The
obj ect here is to fre e t he metal mounting ring
so that it ca n be u sed to mo u nt the coil socket.
File 2 r ound notches i n t he coil socket so th at
the retaini ng r ing w ill s lip ove r the socke t f r om
th e top . T he socket may now be bolted to t he
chass is just like a ny other socket . P lace two
or th ree sma ll wa she r s under th e ea rs of the
mount in g r ing to make up f or the d iffe rence
in thickness of the ring and socket . Re move all
but two of the contacts from the socket be-
for e mo u nti ng it in the cha ssis .
Th e u nused con ta cts a r e r em oved b y bend -
ing them with a pai r of fine -nose plier s un t il
they break off. T he contacts inside the socke t
will then fall out. Sub-rni niatu re t ie points are
mount ed on each of t he m ete r te r minal s to
aid in poin t-to-point wi r ing,
The mete!" will oscillate readily up to ap-
proximately 35 megacycles us ing a 2N247 tran-
s is tor . U se a 2N384 in pla ce of t he 2N247 if
th e six mete r band is desired.
Calibration
Ca li bratio n is div ided into fo ul' over-la pping
ranges. T wo of t he ranges occu py 180 degrees
of the dial. The sca les may be typed on a
typewriter as already me n t ioned. It is prefer-
13 MAGAZIN E • II
 the pot is set so that th e meter read s half scale
Iol' mmf '0 4. 7 K or slig htly less. Th e met er is most sensiti ve
at thi s point. Th e a ctual set t ing of t he pot
lN3 4 02 will vary wit h the diffe rent f req uency ban ds
2.7K
covered. Do not allow the meter to r ead more
CK722
than half sca le a s it will be diffi cult to get a d ip
2 NIQ1 u nder such conditio ns. . . . W3KET
07222 '='
MA I. R ud in A m a t eu r s ' H an dboo k : 37 t h. t :d itiun llage 5 2U.
0-' 2. C Q ; page 5 1;. Sept. 1958 .
2N2 41
'" Parts li st
QI - 2 N 247 o r 2 N :J84 [ see text) .
(~2 --AIl Y PN I' tea n ais for- t hat wor-k s (not critical).
Il I -H u r R" t'ss zun.
• 9. B 2 -H u r~ l'l.< S N ul" NF. ( if t y pe N i ~ used , wrap i ll in -
s u lat i ng tapoj . Si nh D o u b le pole s tn gle t h ro w el id e
" B2 " w itc h.

e S
~<Y'Co>--<._i",,'·---<oo""":o---J I{J -IOK s u b m i n ia t ure pot, P h i !m o r ", :: P C5 1 .
Cu bin("t - LM B ::TF77t'. 2% x 2 1~ x 5 .
SIA + - SIB ~lll . 11 ~. " 0· 1 Mil. D C

•
Coil Ch art
H and t·r~u t'n (")· ( rod Turn s
a ble to use a two color ribbon su ch a s a r ed I 2.1 - 4 . :~ 63
and black. Thi s will help to sepa rate the sca les. 2 . ... . . . ... ... • 4.:J- 8.6 .. • • • • .. . • .. .. 2 4
:J . . ..... .... • .. 8.6· 17.2 ()
The fini shed calibration will then look like .1 •. . • ...•.. . . .. 17.0·31 .4 . . . . . . . ... . . • • 4
that in F igu r e D. Cu t a sh eet of good quality All cofls excep t ::01 close wound on %" form
~ Amphenol 24·5H ) .
paper the sa me w idth a s the rim of t he knob
and long e nough to go a round t he r im wi th : 01 " pa ced diameter of wi re.
.;:-2 1:> D. C. C. u sed for n il coils .
about a half in ch overl a p . A ttach one end of
th e st ri p to t he knob by mean s of Scotch tape.
\Vrap the st r ip a round the knob and hold it
in place with a r ubber band. Ca l ibr a t ion is
most easil y accom plished by listening to the
oscillato r on a continuou s coverage r eceiver. SHORT ITEM
As ea ch point is f ound, mark the paper with
a light pen cil mark. Pencil in lightly the fre-
H is a cir cu it whi ch may be of ge ner a l
ERt}
interest. It has been bu ilt into sever a l rigs
q uency for each pa rk t o avoi d conf usion . After here a nd has been pr oven qui te satisf actory.
a ll cali br ation point s have been f ound, trans-
It s th eor y of operat ion is qui te sim ple. In
fe r the pape r to the t y pewriter and t ype in
sta n d by positi on t he zero bias triode sees block-
t he fi gures. The lines m a y be inked in with
ing bias across the 5K portion of t he bleed er,
Ind ia ink or a ball p oin t pen. Era se t he pencil
the cathode seeing the positive end of the fi K
marks with a soft erase r and re-attach the pa-
r esistor through th e 20K resi stor. I n transm it
per to t he r im of th e dial usi ng a piece of Scotch
posi tion t he g ri d is g rounded by t he VOX relay
tape. Wi nd t he sca le arou nd the dial just as
result ing in a sim ple grou nde d gri d circuit.
before except t his time anchor the free end of
t he sca le with tape. Con t inue wi ndi ng the t ape
completely a rou nd the sca le being careful to ""
a void wrinkling the tape. The tape will pro-
tect t he scale a gai nst wear an d soili ng. Tune
a r eceiver to one of t he ca lib ration f r eq uen-
cies, inse rt t he appropria t e coil in th e dip per
and set the dial t o a f oresaid calibration fr e-
qu en cy. Lo osen th e set scr ew in t he sha ft
cou pler be tween the var iable condense r and
knob s ha f t. Rota te t he var ia b le conde nser u ntil
the osc ill ator is hea rd in t he rece iver . Tigh ten
t he set screw and the j ob is done.
~
'I'
O peration 20<
~

I,
The vari ous applications of t he dip pe r are ",.."
"--, M'' 'OC
well know n and will not be repea ted here. T he + " "'"
trun aistori zed dipper shou ld not be used a s an
ubsorbt.ion wa vcmeter a s the transi stor will Robert li le K6QG E, WA6LFD
like ly be dama ged due to excess ive rf, I n use, J r. Eng.• J ennings Redic Mfg. C orp.

12 • 73 MAGAZINE MARCH 1961

T li E followin g instructions represent th e
most common cures for mobile interferenc e
to radio recep tion. These instructions appl y to
a ll freq uencies from the Broadcast h and
through the Very H igh F requencies and in- Eliminating
clude Amat eur, Commercial and Ci tizens
Badia Services. Ever y possible source of noise
is not necessarily cove red ill detail. It is sug-
gested that each ste p be followed in the Ignition
seq ue nce shown-s topping whenever the in-
terference has been reduced to a satisfactory
level. Steps 1,2 a nd 3 genera lly provide about
80% noise reduction. Interference
I. GENE RATO H-Install a Sprague 48PI 8 ('0-

axial condense r in series with the wire on Chud Schecter W8UC G

the " A" ( Armature) terminal ami fasten
the mounting bracket secu rely to the
genera tor fram e. See diagram . A clean
commuta tor and good b ru shes are also im-
p ortant.
2. SPA RK PLUGS- "R esistor" plugs are the
firs t choice a nd a re th e most effective. They
should, of course, he kept properly
"gapp ed ." Second cho ice would he a good
g m de of suppressor-5, OOO ohms for each
plllg and 10,000 ohms for th e di stributor
"hot" lead. E ngine performance is XOT
affected. Also check the metal "tips" on
EA CH END of the coil and plug wires to
he sure that there are NO "gaps" here!
Clean and solder th ese wires to the tips.
3. \'01.TAGE HE G ULATOH - Install one
Sprague 48P1 8 in series with the wire on
th e "A" ( Armature) terminal and also one
of the same in series with the wire on the
"H" ( battery) terminal of the regulator. See
d iagram . Secure the mounting b racket to a
good "ground" on thc bod y C LOS E to the
regula tor. Install a 3.9 ohm, 1 watt carbon
resistor with one e nd connected to the "F"
( F ield) termin al of the regula tor and the
other end connected to one of the wire
lead s of a Sprague 46P12 coaxial condenser.
C lip off th e other wire lead of this con-
denser and secure th e mounting b racket to
a nearby bod y "ground." See di agram.
4. CO IL-Install a Spragu e 48P9 coaxial co n-
denser in series with the coil p rimary hat-
630 G le nwood
Muskeg on, Mich.
choke, temperature und control cables to
the body or fra me ich ere the y pass th rough
the [aescatl. Use heavy-dut y braid 8662 to
bond th e exha ust p ipe, muffler, steering
colu mn, engine block a nd firewall to the
car frame.
(L GAUGES - T he gas, oil, heat and other
gau ges can be checked for noise by discon-
necting temporarily. An y noise generated
may be eliminated by installing a Spragu e
48P9 in series with the "hot" lead of the
offend ing gauge AT T IlE GAUGE.
7, WH E ELS AN D TIH ES- W heel noise may
be eli minated b y installing special sp ring-
type sta tic collectors in th e front wh eel
bearin g caps. Tire noise may be e liminated
by injecting a special graphit e p owder into
the tires with a special injector.
It will very seldom be necessary to comp le te
all of the above a nd genera lly sa tisfac tory
radi o reception is obtained a fter comp leting
as few as one, two or three steps .
10
DlSTRIfllIToR ''''
caL
'''''''' "n
lWATT
H.V 4 6Pl2

tery lead at the coil a nd ground th e mount- ..,

ing bracke t at a nearb y poi nt. See d iagra m. IGN .SW 01"'"
TICS LEAD

5. BO NDING- Add itional noises are often ,

eliminated hy "boud mg' various portion s of
th e vehicle toge th er by means of a Hexible BATTERY

tinned- copper bonding bra id suc h as Bel-

den 8668 and 8662. Use the 8668 to "bond"

MARCH 1961 73 MAGAZINE • 13

 Rul e 4. "U se plenty of filtering . . . ."

10 Rules of
Thumb for the

SUPERRECENERATIVE RECEIVER
Hcwerd F. Burgess, W5WGF
180 1 Do rothy Street. N.E.
Alb uq ue rq ue, New Mexico

HE many new u ses for radio receivers, which

T include the Citizens Radio and paging
se r vices , have created a need for sm a ll receiv-
ers. As a result superregenerative receivers
are enj oyi ng- a r eturn to popularity. Their
high sensit iv it y and their ability to reject cer-
tain type s of noi se make them very useful
when low current drain is important. However
Ru le 5.
the auperreg enerutor is tricky a nd many of t he
technique s that help to make a good receiver
see m to have been lost since th eir la st peak of
popularity. The work of many ex pe r ime nter s
ca n be su mmed up in a few "rules of thumb"
to guide the de signer and builder.
1. Operate the su perreg uneruf ive detec-
tor with 30 volts or less on the plate.
\Vith m odern t ubes a well-designed
ci rc uit ma y oper a te with a s low a s
4 or 5 volts. By using low plate volt-
age, interference to other receiver s is
reduced and se ns it ivit y is often in-
creased.
, former to coupl e the detector to the
I "
" Reduce interfe rence with low plate voltage.
" Use che a p t ransformers.•• "l
2. Avoi d u sing a tuned amplifier stage
ahead of a super-regen detector if it
is tuned to the sa me frequ ency a s the
detector. In stabili ty will u sually r e-
sult . Try usin g an untuned grounded
grid st a ge.
3. U se a low quench frequency (10 kc
to 20 kc) for improved select ivity. A
higher quench f requency will give
better audio quality and greater sen-
sit ivit y. However, a high quench fr e-
quency may cause multiple spot
tuning.
4. U se plenty of filtering to r emove the
quench fr equency from the audio out -
put of the detector. The first audio
sta ge on many r eceivers is over-
driven w ith a q uench voltage that is
above audibility. Thi s will reduce the
effectiven ess of the receiver.
5. If it is practical, u se an audio trans-
first audio sta ge. Usually the cheaper
the tran sformer t he better, as a poor
transformer will pass less of the high
frequ ency quench voltage.
6. U se a v ariable padd er for the grid
condenser of the detector. Thi s will
solve many of t he h ea da ch e!'! of get-
ting proper operation. Thi s adju st-
able capacitor will give con t rol of t he

14 • 13 MAGAZINE MARCH 1961

 Rule 8. " Separa te quench requires a few more parts....11

ti me-consta nt that determines smooth

quenching ac tion in t he se lf-quenched
detector .
7. Satisfactory su per regener a t ion be- Rule 9. "Tight coupling helps. .. • " •
comes increasingly difficul t below 4
mega cycles. Operation is very good Of cou rse all rul es are made t o be broken
upwa r ds f rom 10 me well into t he a nd a very good receiver ca n be made by
kilomegacycle region. break in g a ll of the above suggestions . .• but
8. I n most cases a sepa rate que nch os- t he od ds are against yo u if you insist .
cillator will prove su perior to a self- • . . W5WGF
quench ed detect or but suc h a cir cu it
r equ ires a f ew more pa rts and ad- Ru le 10. "C ont rary to pop ula r belief. . . ."
justments.
9. A su per r eg en will g ive the best res ults
when tigh tly coupled to th e ant en na
or p r ecedi ng stage. If it has been d e-
s igned to ope r a te on low pla te voltage,
t ight coupling will no t ca use objection-
able r a diation.
10. Contrary to popular beli ef, a g ood
su per -rege ner -a t ive detector does not
sou nd like a power sa w in a pine knot.
\Vhen pr operly ad j us ted a good de-
tector wiII have very littl e more ba ck-
g rou nd noise t han a s u per het r eceiver.

DRAWING A PARABOLA
V HF men , particu la r ly t hose interested in
bu ildi ng a ntenna s for 1296 me, m ay be int er-
ested in a simple method of drawi ng a n a ccu-
rate parabolic curve.
When we t ake t he b a sic idea t hat in a
pa r abolic curve with the focal point (f) at the
mouth of the parabola, the width is 4f and x
plu s y is al ways 2f, then we can set up a
mech an ical method of trac ing t his curve.
W7FGG via W9ALU
C hoose th e mo uth width you wa nt a nd d raw
a line (L J. The ce nte r of this line will be the
focal point (fp J. Tie th e end of a string which
rea ch es fro m fp to L to a na il a nd nail it at
fp. Th e o the r e nd ca n be tie d t o a not he r nail
whic h yo u can run a long t he lin e Ip-L By letting
the string slide aro und a pencil a t po int A !!I nd
.ee pin g y perpe ndic ular to f p-L your pen cil will
d ra w a pa rabolic curve .

A A
I'
1 'X
I y -,
1 ,
I ,
I
L B

MARCH 1961 73 MAGAZIN E • 15

 D . D . T.
" D ecreasi ng D ebll f!f!illf! Ti m e
•
N YON E who h a s eve:- attempted even the
A sim plest bit of homebrew construction
undoubtedly has Mu r phy's L a w of the I nnat e
Perversity of Ina nim a t e Objects-"If any
ite m can possibly fail to ope r a te properly, it
will !"--comm itted to memory the hard way.
On e of the major se Iling point s of f a etor y-
built a nd kit-styled equ ipment , in fa ct, is that
all design bu gs ha ve alre ady been elim inated
f rom it.
Despite the bugs, though, t her e 's a certain
sat is f a ction in homebrewing that no amount
of fa ctory-b uilt gear ca n duplicate. Bes ides,
what else ca n you do if no one is marketing
the kind of equipment you need?
Since every de sign , by Mu r ph y's Law, will
contai n a few bugs in u n predictable loca-
t ions, the h a p piest way to solve t he p roblem is
to e stablish a procedure for "debugging" ea ch
new proj ect a s painlessly a s possi ble imme-
<Ha tely upon completion . The p urpose of t hi s
article is to describe s uch a procedure in a
f orm which ca n be adapt ed to any need s.
For t he purpose of chas in g them down, bug 's
can be grouped into two major clas ses : t hose
due to design, and those due to construction
practices . \Vit h in ea ch of these classes, sub-
divisi on s may be established .
Des ign bugs freque ntly encountered includ e
oscill a t ion, para sitics, ot he r form s of instabili-
t y, and overheati ng of components. All of t hese
may be fo und in t r ans mitter s, receivers, a ud io
eq ui pmen t , and most other el ectron ic gadget s.
Co nst r uct ion bugs include all of the above,
a s well a s u nwa nted hum a nd noi se, and spu r i-
ou s s ig na ls .
One of the first ste ps in the d ebugging pro-
cess st a r ts before construction comme nces: a
ca r ef ul review of the plan ned proj ect to try
to detect any possible de sign trouble a r ea s.
Since this step has been adequately covered
elsewhere, it will not be described fur ther.
For our pu rposes , debugging w ill be consi d-
ered a s st a r t ing at the compl etion of const r uc-
tion.
Befor e applying- power to t he equipment, a
detailed in spect ion of the fi nis hed job is in
or der . w hi le it's u sually hard to wait before
tu rn ing it on, t hi s in spection can freque ntly
save val uable components f r om damage if you
I. • 73 MAGAZ IN~
Jim Kyle, KSJKX/6
Associa te Editor
detect inadvertent wiring mi stakes such a s
havi ng the high-volta g e li ne connected to g r id
in stead of to plate on a 4X25 0B.
S hake out all th e bi ts of solde r and other
construction debris after your inspect ion , bu t
don 't t urn t he g-ea r on yet. Ste p number t wo
is a point-to-po int check, using your ohmmeter.
Thi s double-checks your inspection. T est for
con t inu it y in all fila ment a nd other a pplicable
circ uits. Measure r esist an ce f rom t he hig-h -
voltage line to grou nd; this reading should
be almost zero initially, increasing rapid ly to
the value of the power-sup ply bleeder resistor .
The t hird st ep----S ta y away from that power
s witch for a few minutes more !- is to di s-
connect the high-voltage lea ds t em porarily a nd
connect j u mper w ires leadin g outs ide the
chassi s. \Vit h h igh voltage circu its b roken,
you can now t u r n the equipment on-but be
carefu l to keep clear of the expose d high -
volt age lead s.
If no sm oke POUl'S forth, and all filaments
light properly, you're doing fine. A t thi s point
you can be rea sona bly certa in tha t you ha ve
made no w iri ng goofs; you st ill don't know
about all the ot he r possible bugs.
In the next step, you have a choice . T he
objective is to ope rate the eq ui pment at re-
duced plate and scree n voltages. You can
either connect a heavy-duty r esi stor of the
a ppropriate val ue in the exter nal high-volt a ge
jumpers, or you can st ea l power from a lower -
voltage sup ply in other equipment .
If you stea l power elsewhere , be certa in
th at you n ever a p ply vo ltage t o t he screen of
any t ube u nless plate voltage is app lied a t t he
sa me tim e. Application of sc r een voltage only
will pe r m a nen tl y dam a ge the t ube, by permit-
ting excessi ve scr ee n cu rrent fl ow. You ca n,
however, apply voltage to the plate on ly if
you like without damage.
Th e va lue of red uced voltage t o u se will
vary wit h the equ ipme nt being tested and
w ith the availability in your shack of suit-
able r esi stors and /or lower-voltage power
sou r ces . The best sta r ting point is a pproxi-
mately 50 percent of opera ting value.
If the equipment und er test is a transmit-
ter, be sur e to loa d it w ith a d u mm y a ntenna .
Any signals em itted d u r in g the test pr ocedu r e
MARCH 19.1
 are su r e to be sour, and might earn you a
pink t icket if sent into the ether! Besides, BUG USUAL C AU SE
FCC regulations call fo r all tests and adj u st. Parasit ics Unwa nted re sona nce s In a mp lifi e r Cir-
merits to be mad e into dummy loads . c uit s;
A t thi s point, turn on the power. Observe Improper time cc nst ent 10 o scillator
any bu ilt-in metering for indications of im- qridleek ci rc uit ry.
proper performance (but be s ur e to make Instability U n w e n t e d r e q e n e r e tiv e feedback
eround <'!Implifier steqe :
allowance for the departure from design vo l- Imp rope r shie ld ing o f tr a n s m itt er
ta ges in assess ing what constitutes "improper" steqes :
ope ration) . If a ll goes we ll a nd the re's st ill St ray co upling.
no smoke, goo th rough the entire pla nned op- Freque ncy Insufficie nt iso lation b et we e n c scllletcr
erat ing procedure, watch ing carefully for any Drift end ot he r circ uits ;
s ig ns of para sitics, Instabili ty, or over h ea t ing . Improper meche nice ] con str uction of
If neutralization will be r equired , make the oscllle to r:
necessary ad justme nts during thi s portion of Improper control o f osc ill <'!l to r vo lt<'!lge s.
t he test. They will have to be touched up later O verh ea t ing W ro ng connection :
when full voltage is ap plied, but will be at Insuffi cie nt sa fety I ect or in componen t
least in the r ight ball park at t hat ti me. ra t ing :
W ith everyth ing work ing properly at t hi s Loss of grid bia s (in t ube s);
Unbe le nced drive (to push- pull t ub e s ) ;
stag e, you're ready t o cut power, r emove the Defective co mponent.
extension j u mper s , r eplace the internal power-
su pply conn ections, and try at full oper a t ing Ta ble I. Usual Causes of Equip me nt Bugs
powe r.
Test procedure here will be a repeat of that
performed at reduced voltage. If you find no C AUSE CURE
troubles, congratu late you r self-you will have Unwanted re son an ce Inst a ll "pere slti c t ra p " t une d
produced a virtua lly bug-free design. t o unwa nted re so ne nce fre -
Tests for s pu r ious s ig na ls, noi se, and fr e- q uency t o tra p o ut energy.
quency in sta bil it y are best made on the air Imp ro per oscillator Red uce e ither resist a nce of
with assi stance of a coope r a t ive fri end. Ke ep time constant grid leak o r va lue o f g rid
in touch with h im by landline and make sure c a p aci tor until pere sific dis-
eppeers.
your test tran smissions are a s sho rt a s pos-
Unwant ed fe edb ack Isolat e i nput an d o ut p ut of
s ible. Ha ve him check your s ig n al for all li sted a mplifier fr om each othe r:
fau lts, as we ll a s anythi ng else he ca n th ink d e coup le powe r lea d s.
of. And make su r e he gives you a n hon est re- Sh ie ld each steqe.rleevi nq no
Improper shie lding
port; it's better to hear the bad news from him hole s and b yp a ssing all lea ds
t ha n from an Official Observer or. worse yet, which pass through shie ld
an F CC monitor. plates.
So far, we've a ssumed that the eq uipmen t Stray coupl ing See b oth Unwanted Fe ed b a ck
passed eve ry test with flying colors. What if and Imp rop e r Shie ld ing .
bugs make themselves known? Insu ffi cient isolation Inst a ll buffer amp lifie r be t ween
Ex istence of the t roublesome bugs is easy os cill a t or an d essocieted
t o detect. P a r a siti cs u sually man ifest them- stages.
selves in a tran sm itter by a buzzing sou nd, Improper mec hanical Improve me chenlcel fe atures
construction of esc. of osc ill at o r con struction:
and can be heard on a r eceiver tuned n ear make sure no co mpo ne nt is
th e sig na l f requency. Parasitics in a receiver eble t o vibrate.
or a n audio amplifier a ppea r as a squa wk in Improper voltage Inst a ll VR -tube o r electron ic
the s pea ke r. cont rol vo ltage regu lato r circuit .
In sta bili t y in a transmitter appears as a
s udden cli mb in am plifier plate current, as a Table 2. Cures f or C omm on Bu g C au ses
"wandering dip" in plate circuit tuning, or a s
a " squeal" in a receiver tuned to sig na l fr e- Of course, th ese brief t a bles ca n 't list e ver y
qu en cy. Instabili ty in a receiver or an audio pos sible bug whi ch may s how up in new gear.
a mplifier shows up in t he spea ker . H owever, if your own pet bu g s aren't listed,
Frequen cy drift shows up a s a slow move- you can usu ally determine the ca use a nd prob-
ment of th e sig n a l when it occurs in a trans- a ble cure by apply ing a little concentrated
mitter, and in a receiver is manifested by drift t hought to the problem, once you know the bug
of all sig n a ls incl ud ing broa dca st st a t ions a nd ex ists.
' VW V (ne ither of wh ich drift a rletectab le An d by foll owi ng th e procedures desc ribed
amount within a 24-hour peri od) . Overheating her e, as a st a nd ing operat ion upon comple tion
is de tected v isu ally (by looking for red plat es of ea ch item of newly built equipm ent, you'll
in t ub es and for s moke curling up fr om be- be ce rta in th a t you've located all the bug s at
neath ) and by nose (for the s moke ) . no ri sk to the eq ui p me nt or to your r epu ta ti on
Us ual ca uses of t hese bugs are listed in with t he F CC. Good luck, a nd happ y home-
Table 1. Cures are listed in Table 2. brewing! 73

M ARCH 1961 73 MAGAZIN E • 17

 •

Top
Loaded
AI Ne wla nd W2 1HW
206 Sou th H ig hwood Aven ue
Whip
G le n Rod. Ne w Je rsey

interest in shor t efficient mobile whips
T HE
is ever increasing. If one can conveniently
make his own ,v·h ip to help cut costs it becomes
more interesting. Some added attractiveness
lies in the fact that the whips can be selected
or cut to the exact length you.. desire. \Vith the
proper length to clear your garage door there
will be no need to bend it down . If you do not
bend it down there will be no need for pur-
chasing a spr ing or tie down clip. The method
of mounting, of course, is quite optional. A
method of t erminating the fibre-glass rod for
attachment to a sta nda r d mount is shown in
Fig. I.
If a 52" rod is u sed (a s shown) then a close
wound coil 7" long made of No. 22 enameled
or Formvar wire is suggested. No pruning of
the coil is done on the upper end of the whip
so a small hole is drilled as shov.... n to anchor
the wire prior to winding. A piece of electronic
tape is applied over the la st few turns to pre-
vent unraveling and the wire is then extended
for the balance of the rod using about a 3 turn
spir al. If a r od less than 52" long is used then
it will be neces sary to start with a longer coil.
Scrape in sulation from end of wire and fa sten
secu rely under scr ew head. Attach antenna to
car and add a jumper wire from the antenna
to the car frame as shown in Fig. 2. It is sug-
gested that the coax be removed from the an-
tenna mount when grid dipping.
With an excess of turns in the coil, a fre-
quency so mewha t lower than that required for
28 me will be observed. In order to raise the
frequency proceed as follows. Unfasten wire
from under scr ew head, r emove turn s from
the lower end of the coil, pull the wire taut,
clip off t he excess wire, scrape off t he insula -
tion a s before and refasten wire under screw
head. It will be noted that the d ip fro m t his
type antenna is qui t e shar p-so tune carefully.
When the whi p ha s finall y been trimmed to

AI R RELIEF HOLE, n DlA. ORILL :~;;;;;~=7.=======

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('ULL L.£NTlil ADAPTER

FIBER GLASS ROD

(SEE NOTE)
~~-~~-----"

TEMPCJRARY TAPE
SEE NOTE 3
h''-----, - -
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ANTENNA ASSEMBLY
!!Qill
CD APPLY CEMENT TO 80T H HALVES

@salE W HALVES TOGETHER

18 • 13 MAGAZINE MA RC H 19.1
the desired frequency, it will be necessa ry to
coat it w it h severa l protective layer s of va r-
n ish or lacquer. K r ylon or lacqu er in p r es-
su r ized ca ns is very conven ie nt. After t he fi rst
coat is dr ied t he tape m a y be removed a nd the
additional coats applied. Allow ample drying
t ime between coats.
The use of thi s type whip is not limited to
10 meters but may be used on any fre quency
where a full length is not desirable. A g rou nd
plane or beam ant enn a may be const r ucted
u sing t hi s ty pe whi p. Wh en used on marine
equ ipment, a much nea ter boa t a ppea ra n ce is
obtained.
Xote : Fibre-glass fi shing rod may be pur-
chased from your s por t s goods store. Available
fr om the writer at $2.00 post paid.
. . . W 21HWR
Plugs for the Asking
A short treatise on a fine point in the Scrounge's Art
o NE major bot t leneck in ma ny h ome con-
str uction projects ha s been location of a
conven ient octal-base plu g wh ich ca n be fast-
en ed to other compo nents.
\Vhen just the plug is needed, the old stand-
by, the base of an octal tube, less all glass and
cement-works fine. B ut the plastic base
proves di fficu lt, if not impos sible, to attach
secu r ely to other parts of the proj ect.
Th ere's a n easy wa y out of t h is problem ,
t hough, and it shou ldn't cost yo u much more
than a cup of coffee.
It's sim ply this-transmitting tubes s uch
a s the 2E26 and 6146 have a metal-shelled
base, made of plated brass, which takes solder
perfectly.
If you r emove all glas s, t ube eleme nts and
ceme nt from th e base of one of th ese tubes ,
all you h a ve left is t he brass case a nd a low-
loss plug wh ich fit s an octal socket -per f ect fo r
solder ing into a chass is box or flash ing copper,
and big enough for many receiving acces sories
to fit r ight inside.
The on ly remain ing p r oblem is where to lo-
cate t he tu bes. Wi th 6146's going for nea rly
$5 each , most people are p r etty careful abo ut
burn ing t hem out. Cha nces are yo u won't have
very ma ny in t he j unkbox,
But there's a perfect sou r ce of supply in
virtually any part of the country, if you know
where to look. Nine out of 10 commercial two-
way rigs such as police, fire, and t a x icab r adio
use either a 2E26 or a 6146 f or the final.
T echn ici an s working on th ese sets must test
tubes by s ubst itu ti on, since many of t he t ubes
check out fi ne on a tester but won 't wor k at 152
me when they get old. T he sou r tube goes into
t he wa stebasket.
To find the service s hop, check with your
s her iff. He's a n elec ted offic ial and usually is
MARCH 19b1
WHlJ>
SCHE MATIC
Staff
frien dly to a ny voter who 's civil t o him. If
yo u ex pla in what yo u 're looking fo r- the shop,
t hat is, not the tu bes- he'll u ndoubtedly t ell
you who work s on h is radios.
At t he sho p, try to fi nd the technician in a
fair'Iy good mood . This is difficult, and in many
cases impossible, s ince all h is customers bring
in work wh ich must be delivered yest erday a nd
want it back r ight now. It's a h ard life, as the
t ec hn icia n will be on ly too happy t o t ell yo u.
B uy him a cu p of coffee-c-or so met h ing
s t r ong er , if you and /or h e doesn 't object (he
won't) . Sympathize with his troubles. About
the time he's thinking you're a friendly sort
of fellow, a sk him how he ever m anages to get
r id of t he old tubes.
He ma y prove cagey and th ink yo u 're trying
to pu t somet hing ove r on him. T wo-wa y t echni-
da ns a re a nervous breed . But yo u ca n prove
to h im you 're n ot t rying to s nea k a free t ube
by bashing the glass out of two or three an d
telling him you'll be glad to take the remnants
away.
Odd s are you'll go home with enough weak
an d dead t ubes to keep yo u in business f or
mon th s. Who knows, yo u may even find a job
servicing two-way!
And in case he doesn't make yo u break all
the tubes, it will never hurt to r un them
through a checker somewher e before s mash ing
t hem.
Most of t he tubes which fail in this service
st ill have plent y of life left fo r f requen cies
below: a bout 80 me, and all of them that aren't
broken, ga ssy or bu r ned out h ave enough poop
left to ma ke fi ne mod u lator tubes.
So you can get the free tubes, as well as the
tube bases you went after. Ju st don't let the
ser vice ma n know. You may want some more
some ti me.
73 MAGAZINE • 19
 CW Transmission
with
Teletype Equipment
Roy E. Pefe nbe rq
P.O. Boll. 8-44
Fo rt C layton
Canol Zo ne
amat eu r s in genera l an d many a cti ve-
R A DIO
ly engaged in the com mu nica t io ns field
are appa r entl y n ot awa re t h a t perfect C\V
cod e tran smiss ion is possi ble w ith s t a nda r d
Tel etype tape equipme nt. At the risk of boring
the a vid RTT amateur, a bri ef review of basic
Teletype theory will be helpfu l in und er-stand-
ing th e method used.
T he standard Amer ica n T el et ype code con-
sists of the presence or absence of a total of
five code im pulses. T he teletypewriter key-
board sets up t he combination app ropriate to
t he key depressed and thi s information is se-
quen tially r ead out by t he inter na l mechanism
of the mach ine a nd t r a ns m itted a s a ser ies of
el ectrical impul ses . Add ed t o t he actual code
are t he star t a nd sto p impulses whi ch are
used t o effect sy nch ron ization between t he
sendi ng and r ece ivin g equipments.
Act ua l keyboard to page pri nter communi-
cation is rarely used for the passing of traffic
fo r several reasons. L ea sed commu nications
channels a r e qu ite expens ive and are usua lly
obta ined on a sc hedu led or call up ba si s. Since
few op erators are ca pable of sust a ined, error -
fr ee ope r a tion a t the ma xim um rate of t rans-
m ission t hat the system a llows, it i s more
econom ical to store the tra ffic in the form
S~ E~"'--.,..,--- ---<.
TO llMTIl KEY TER~NAI.-S
CONTACTS HOR MALD' OPEN
WITll \/fljPERFOflATEO TAPE
IN POSITION
POLAR RELAY
r "'.
MARK
- l~-. .
COf(fACT
-....0
J di t ion, it woul d appear pos sibl e to form C W
20 • 73 MAGAZINE
of m anually perforated paper tape. Then, as
ci rcuit ti me becomes available , the tapes a re
tra n smitted b y a s pecial t a pe read ing d evi ce
k nown a s a t r ansm itte r di stributor or , a s it
is com mo nly know n, a TD. Tape prepar-atio n
is a ccomplish ed by a pe rf'crutor which is elec -
t ro-mechani cally link ed t o t he T eletype key-
board or by a reperforator w hich a cce pt s
T e lety pe signals a nd simultaneously pu nches
and prints the intelligence on the tape.
The prepared tape has a total of six rows
of pe rfora tions, five of wh ich constitute the
fi ve element T elet ype code. The si x th r ow
engages a s procket in t he t ape hea d a nd is
used to advance th e tape. T he t ape head h a s
fi ve se nsi ng' pin s, one for each ele ment of t he
cod e. T hese pin s a r e li nked to a ssociated con-
tacts w hich close if a ta pe perforation is
sensed. Once the code combination is sensed
by the tape head, the distributor sequentially
read s out this information. I n addition, the
distributor ad ds a s pa ce impulse at the begin-
n ing a nd a mar k impulse at t he end of the
code combina t ion. Th e ta pe is a utom atica lly
a d va nce d one set of ho les and th e di stribu to r
makes on e read out r evolution at a fi xed rat e
o f 368 tim es per m in u t e. Th is results in a
no minal rate of transmi ssion of no wo rd s per
minute .
E nou g h for T ele t y pe theory and now a
look at t he construct ion of I n t ern a t ional Mor se
Code . The dot is t he bas ic element of t his code
an d t he dash is t hree ti mes a s long a s th e d ot.
An interva l equ a l t o one d ot se pa rates dot s
and da sh es with in a chara cte r , a n int erval
equu l t o t hree dot s se parates cha racte rs w ith-
in a word and a n interval equ al to five dot s
separates words .
By ar bit r a r ily selecti ng t he presence o f one
element of the T elet y pe code a s a key closed
condit ion and its absence as a key open con-
churncters by pu nch in g a series o f character s
t hat cont a in t hi s element for key closed con-
d iti on and a se r ies of cha racte rs t hat do n ut
MARCH 1961
contain t hi s element for key open condition.
Dot duration wou ld be one machine ope ration
or 1/ 368 minute. This is feasible if two ad-
ditional conditions are met. First, the contact
a ssociated with the code element designated
a s the key closed or mark condi t ion mu st be
isolated from the di stributor which introd uces
the st a rt and sto p impulses and also sa mples
the other code elements. Th e secon d require-
ment is that a memor-y device mu st be pro-
vided which will , duri ng the open contact
period of tape advance, maintain the key open
or key closed cond iti on se t up by th e preced-
ing set of per for ati on s.
The polar r elay is just such a device. Due
to t he magneti c latching action inheren t in
t his type rela y, it will r emain in the position
in which it is s witched unt il a si gn al of op-
posite polar-ity is appli ed t o the ,~' indin~.
Further impulses of t he sa me polarity Will
n ot change th e sta te of the relay. The sa me
effect may be obtained by selecti ng a r elay
with two identi cal windings and r eversing one
of the windings. Use of a two windi ng relay
introduces th e req uirement for the as sig n -
ment of a second code element to rep resent the
key open condition . This, however, poeee n o
problem s ince a la r g e num ber of pans of
Teletype code characters are so constituted
that a specifi c impulse is present in one char-
a cter bu t not t he other a nd that for a second
imp ulse t he cond it ion is reve r sed. F ig. 1 s hows
a circu it t hat will for m C\V cha racter s from
a ser ies of high er speed pulses.
It is simple to connect t he ci rcu it of F ig . 1
to your p r esen t t a pe equ ipment. Merely l:un
wires from t he pola r relay to the se nsm g pms
for holes on e and two on the tape or to t he
first two seg me nts on th e di stributor, wh ich
are th e sa me con nections. You will want to
ha ve a s witc h in the circuit to return t he tape
equipment to normal Teletype operation. C? ne
con ta ct of thi s can break one of the sens ing
con nect ions , one can r emove t he de f~om the
relay, and the third ca n be used to sW ltc.h t he
tran smitter from CW t o the TT connection.
Extra toggle switch mounting holes are pro-
vid ed in most Model 14 bases and one of these
may be used to mount the switch. A sa t isf ac-
tory location f or the polar relay poses .a more
difficult problems if the ' Vester n Electr-ic 255A
is used . The relay socket may be mounted on
an ou tboa r d b r acket or box which may be at-
tached t o the TD base or installed in another
location. Details will be dependent on station
layout and personal preferen~e', Sigma I n-
st r uments manufactures a mirriature polar
relay which is housed in a r ound, octal based
can. Thi s r elay, Sigma t ype 72AOZ-160TS-
T CP, is a su it able r eplacement for the West -
ern El ectric unit and is sm all enoug h t o
mount under the TD base.
Tape preparation is sim plicit y itself. Select
two adjacent keys on th e second r ow of the
keyboard, chosen so t ha t the on e on the lef t
MARC H 19b 1
contains t he first impulse but n ot the second
a nd t he key on th e ri gh t contains th e second
impu lse bu t not the fi r st. "F" and "G" were
chosen bv the writer a s being most convenient.
Dep ress 't he "F" key once for a dot and three
ti mes for a da sh, using the f orefinger of the
rig ht hand. Using the middle finger of the
r igh t hand , depres s the "G" key once for the
s pace betw een dots and dashes, three times
for t he s pace between cha r a cters a nd five times
for the s pace between word s. F igure 2A s hows
the word "TEST" perforated in the st a nda r d
T elety pe code on a Model 19 mac hine. F ig.
2B s hows th e sa me word punched for CW
tran smissi on.
S ignalling rate in the C' V mode is li mit ed
by the p redetermined Teletype equ i pment op-
er at ing s peed . Assu ming five let t er g roups
and using t he fo rm ulations of \V4CF in the
recent ser ies of Ha ll icr af t ers a dver t isement s
on keye rs;' the re are some 52 code eleme nts
in a standard five lett er group. This includes
the characte r eleme nts and t he s paces between
ch aructe r clements , characters an d g'ro ups.
Si nce eac h set of pe rforat ions (or Telet ype
"oper-ation") is equal to a code eleme nt, t hi s
368
figures a s - - or sligh tl y over seven words
52
per minute on a 60 ' VP l\I tape head. A 100
WP M tape head wou ld tran sm it at slig ht ly
over 11.5 words pel' minute.
Application of t hi s method of t~ansmissi~n,
in the st age of development described herel.n,
is limited by the maximum code s peed ava il-
able. Obvious uses of thi s system are the au-
t omatic C' V tran smissi on of amateur call
identification ,...h ich is r equired by the FCC
wh en using RTT, code pr actice and commer-
cial a nd military applications where equip-
ment failure or adverse condit ions preclude the
use of the normal mode of communication.
The most obvi ou s improvement in this sys-
tem would be t o increase the speed of the tape
head. This would, of course, prevent the u se
of the TD for normal Teletype tran smission.
The motor s ha f t is geared to a main shaft
which revolves once for each character trans-
mitted. Attached to the main sh a ft is the
(Co ntinue d on pd ge 71 )
l A more com p rehe nsh'e reference wa s no t a vai lable t o
t he w rite r at the time t his a rtic le was prep a red.
73 MAGAZINE • 21
-
A New
All-Bond Antenna
N all -ba nd anten na which gives perfect
A perform ance on ever y amateur band
fr om 160 down to 10 is the dream of al-
mo st eve r y ham . Many suc h devices have been
described in the past, but all ha ve represented
comp r om ises of one form or another. Some re-
quired additional tuners, a few utilized tricky
traps, a nd seve r a l fl a tl y failed to live up to
t heir design er s' claims.
Here's a new version of the all-hand an-
t enna, which offe rs les s compromise than many
of it s predecessors. It involves no tra p circu its,
a nd will work without an a ntenna tu ner (pro-
vid ed your tran smitter ca n t olerate a load
wh ich varies between 50 and 450 ohms, always
r esistive) although u se of a tuning circuit will
give improved r esults.
Old-timers will r ecognize the layout of the
ant enna (see Fig'. 1) a s a derivative of the
de lta match, wid ely u sed some years ago to
match the then-popular 600-ohm fee d line to
beam antenna s. H owever, there's a major dif-
ference.
Th is a nten na, dubbed the "Exponential
Array" by the de signer, matches the transmi s-
s ion line to free s pace.
The general theory em ployed in its des ign
is a logical outgrowth of that used to develop
t he Discone antenna, once highly popular and
st ill wid ely used in commercial circuits. I n
some re spects, al so, it is simila r to the log-
periodic antenna. And before t he sli de-r ule
boys r ise in arm s, we will adm it that other
theories insist that the thing can't possibly
work. A bumblebee can't fly, eit her , by the laws
of a eronautical engineer ing .
At t hi s point, it should be em phasized that
the dimension s shown in Table 1 have been
measured and tested. Whf le other dimensions
s hou ld give equal r esults , not h ing can be
guara nteed if either leg leng t h or fee d-l ine
length is varied . Don't let this stop you,
though. Try it and let us know what happen s
for you .
The easiest way of building a n Exponential
Array is to sta ke out a pattern in the back
22 • 73 MAGAZINE
•
Jir.'l Kyle. KsJKX/6
185 1 Stanford Ave.
Sente SU S~M, Celif.
yard (or a han dy city park if no back yard is
availabl e) . Measure off a lin e some 25 to 30
feet long, t hen mark off other lines at right
a ngles to it every foot in a sor t of herring-
bone pattern . Mea s ur e out the proper lengt h s
a nd st a ke them.
N ow, take your 1'\0. 14 wire and st r etch it
from st a ke to s t ak e in the sha pe show n in
F ig. 1. U se plastic clothesline for t he horizon -
tal st r etchers-t hey 'r e neces sary to hold th e
array in sha pe once its erected. W hen spa cing
gets dow n to less t han a foot, the t rad itional
wax-soaked dowels can be used.
Once built, the ar-ray mu st be rai sed into
position. The original wa s hoisted to an alti-
tude of some 24 f eet a nd su ppor t ed by more
pla st ic cloth esli ne at each end. The feed-l ine
was brought off horizontally so that the entire
antenna was horizontal to the ground-but
equa lly good or m a ybe better resu lts should be
atta inable with t he fa n pointing skywa r d.
I n theory, the Exponential Array's opera-
t ion is sim plici t y itself. A s you know, two
parallel cond ucto rs (the fam iliar ope n line or
twi nlead) won't rad iate if current in each is
balanced, s ince the field of one cancels the
field of the other. At the sa me time, the line
ex hibits a defi nite characte ristic or "surge"
impedance w hich is, in part, a fun ction of t he
spacing between the wires.
If the s pa cing is increased (gradually, so
that there's no sudde n im pedance "bump" on
t he line) the im pedance will a lso increase. T he
line st ill won't radiate, so long a s the con-
ductors are spaced closer than about one-t ent h
wavelength.
As the s pa cing incr ea ses past the one-tenth
wave dimension, the fields no longer cancel
and part of the energy in the line is radiated
into space. A nother way of expressing t he
sa me re su lt is to sa y that t he impedance of
spa ce (377 ohms) effectively shor t-cir cu its the
mu ch high er impedance of the line at this
point, and the power flow s into the lesser im-
pedance.
From t he point a t which the line is " short-
MARCH 1961
ed" by space, on to the end of the array, the cla im made by the designer is that the ex per i.
wi re might as we ll not be t here. Its only fu nc- men tal mode l worked, a s evidenced by the
tion is to suppor t the active portion of the mea surem ents tabul ated in Table 2. Try one
array. at your QT H, a nd let us know how it works
As you can see, the only part of the action f or you !
which is frequ ency-sensitive is the point at
w hich the a rray st ops bei ng a li ne and be-
comes a n a ntenn a . T heoretic ally, there sh ou ld Distance from s ta r t S pacing
be no resonance in such a n ar ray, and im- (in fe et)
pedance shou ld be a constant 300 ohms f rom o % inch
f ar below design frequency all t he way up to 1 9rl6 inch
SH F regions. 2 1 inch
In p r acti ce, it doesn't qui te work ou t this 3 1-11 116 inch
way. Much of t he operation is n ot f ully un- 4 2- 'h in ch es
derstood, but apparently the array acts a s a 5 4- % inches
cross between a dipole and a delta match. 6 8- t,4 inches
Usin g th e di men sions of Table 1 a n umber of 7 13- * inches
low-Q r esonan ces we re f ound. A t t hese point s 8 23- % inches
(located in semi-harmonic relation, see T able 9 3 feet 4 inches
2) the impedance was a s high a s 450 ohms re- 10 5 feet 7 in ches
sistive. I n between, the array exhibited mild 11 9 feet 6 inches
r eacta nce. 12 15 fee t 10 inches
However, a t no p oint in t he r a nge fro m 1700 13 26 feet 8 inches
kc to 30 mc d id the impedance vary so widely 14 45 feet 10 in ches
that the array refu sed to accept power. W h en 15 75 feet 10 inches
fed by a p i-net output n et wor k , the anten na TA BLE I. Dim ens ions of Exponen tial Array made
loaded a homebrew fi nal to r a t ed p ower at a ll of No. 14 Wi re t e Match 300-ohm Feed line.
fre quencies t r ied wi th in this r a nge.
At lower freque ncies, t he anten na is om n i- Frequency Impedance
directional. 'V hen the broadside dimension ap-
proximates a half wave, t he familiar dipole 2450 kc 300 ohms
pattern appea r s. As fre quency incr eases , t he 3850 kc 50 ohms
pat t ern a p proach es that of a V-beam as would 4900 kc 450 ohms
be expected . 7500 kc 75 oh ms
I ncide nt a lly , though no tests were run at 10 me 50 ohms
U H F , t he ant enna was connected to the TV
15.25 me 75 ohms
r ecei ver- and pulled in Chan nel 10 from S a n 21.0 me 125 oh ms
Dieg o, some 250 m iles to t he south . 27 .5 me 450 ohms
I n s umma ry, the E xp onen t ial A r ray offers 27. 9 me 20 0 oh ms
a new approach to the all-band antenna situ - 28.1 me 200 ohms
29 me 450 ohms
ation , with promise of attai n ing the long- TABLE 2. Variations o f Imp eda nce of Expo·
sought goal of p er fect perfor ma nce wi th n o nentle ! Array of Fig. I with Variafions in
adj ustment s. More st udy by others is needed Frequ e ncy; me a sured wHh Heath Imp edanc e
to develop full design inf or ma t ion. The onl y Brid q e a nd Grid ·D ip O sellleter,

MARCH 1961 73 MAGAZINE • 23

•
-
5R4GY
••
II
Doubling Your Power Supply Voltage
are many times when it should be
T H ERE
advantageou s to double your power su pply
voltage, particularly when you have a project
to bu ild a linear amplifier for SSB, or change
amplifier tubes to higher voltage and lower
current for greater efficiency, yet would like
to u se the sa me power su pply. T he purpose of
this article is not t he construction of a par-
ticular pi ece of gear to be followed implicitly,
bu t to suggest a method anyone may employ
to fit their particular power supply problem.
The classic method in voltage doubli ng for
tran smitter su pplies has been to employ the
well k nown bridge rectifier circu it. Voltage
doubling by the capacitor method has not been
so popular when voltages really g et up there
due to r egulation problems and the need for
such large electrolytic filter cond ensers. Par-
t icularly when such good oil impregnated types
are pl entiful and r elatively cheap and reliabl e.
A maj or di sadvantage of the bridge circuit is
th e four rectifyi ng elements required and the
three heater or filament sou r ces. \Vhen you
have an existing power su pply, the addition of
two more rectifier tubes and two more high
voltage breakdown fi lament transformers, or
a triple transformer, usually r epresents impos-
s ible space problems a s well a s a high cost
fa ctor.
To rip out the rectifier tubes in your supply
and r eplace them with silicon rectifiers at first
g lance appears to be the solut ion, however thi s
approa ch costs a lot of money today a nd it
seems fooli sh to throwaway u sable rectifying
capability. A hybrid power su pply-half silicon
and half rectifier tubes-appear to represent
th e happy med ium as a solut ion of space and
economy. Many ex isti ng su pplies could use thi s
method wi th a minimum of cons t r uct ion and
cost.
24 • 13 MAGAZINE
Charle s E. Spitz W-1A PI
1420 S. Reodolph St.,
A rling to n 4, Ve.
A Different Approach
T he reader should not be lulled into forget-
ting the requ irements for any method of alter-
ing a power su p ply to double your voltage
output. Her e are the key facto r s ;
1. Be su r e the rectifier filament winding
insulation (and tube or tubes) will
st and the new double peak voltage.
2. \Vhen the voltage output is doubled, the
current will be halved. Your gain is
through the use of amplifier tubes
wh ich are more efficient at the hig her
voltage. The amplifier input watta ge
may be no higher, but the output prob-
ably will be.
3. Your fi lter choke or chokes must sta nd
t he higher voltage breakdown r equired.
A common "dodge" is to put the choke
in the negative lead.
4. Your filt er condensers mu st be repla ced
or be capable of with standing the new
higher voltage.
5. The bleeder resistor mu st also be of
the proper value to meet the needs of
the higher voltage.
Fig. 1 ill u st r a tes a hybrid power su pply.
Note the su r ge resistors to limit cu r rent. These
are usually fr om 5 to 30 ohms, depend ing upon
fi lter capacity, an d are placed in each leg of
the power transformer secondary. A word about
s ilicon rectifier ratings to be used would also be
in ord er. A full wave circuit with 250 ma recti-
fiers would yield 500 ma, whic h is usually
enoug h for most amateur applications. These
sizes would be much cheaper, of course, than
the 750 rna variety wh ich, for example, wou ld
give you 1.5 amperes. However , nothing could
be gained in a hybrid circuit with the larger
r ectifiers since thi s would be beyond the capa-
bility of commonly used rectifier tubes which
MARCH 1961
 would be in the other half of your rectifier
sys tem .
There also a ppears to be m uch confusion a s
to rms and piv ratin gs to be used . I have ofte n
hea rd people express the belief that a dvert ised -+---0.
va lues were incorrect. T he enol', [ think, eeeee
origina tes with the user. Fig . 2 is a s implified
f ull wave schematic dra wn to ill ustrate th is
poin t . When r ecti fier A is con duc t ing, th e fu ll
seconda r-y voltage appears across rectifier B.
~h i s mean s th at although you may ha ve a
SImple 300 volt s u pply, 600 volt s appears across
each r ecti fi er on alternate cycles, not 300 ! t o change 750 volt su pplies t o 1500 volts for
Th e mor a l is to be s u r e t hat t he rm s value of SU A's 0 1' 2000 volt su p plies, at which voltage
each half of your rectifier st r ing will more 4-250A's and 4-400A's are notoriou sly inef-
than meet the [ull rms value of the t rans- ficient, to 4000 volts. The spa ce sa ved by this
forme r seconda r y, not one-ha lf to the center ap plication will readily s t r ike t he prospective
tap . user and mak e poss ible a conversion t hat may
The use of t hi s hybrid method sh ou ld become have not otherw ise been con sidered fea sible.
popular. Among the s uggested conversions are . .. W 4A P I

•
Impedance Matching Surplus Equipment
Rad io Set Transmitter Receiver Trans. In Re c. Out
SCR.I77-B BC.1 9 1-C BC-l I4-C 35 to 200 4,000
SCR.188-A BC-19 1·C BC-H2-C 35 to 200 4,000
SCR. 19l -( I BC-1 9 1·C BC· lI2 ·C 3S to 200 4,000
SCR·l99-A BC-b IO- E BC·l I2·( I 200 4,000
Roy E. Pe fen be rq
P.O. Boll. 844 BC·H 2.! I 200 4.000
SCR-499-A BC-b IO-E BC·lI2- ( ) 200 4,000
Fort Ctevtc n. Cene l Zo ne 4,000
BC-l 42.! ) 200
SCR-50b-A BC-b5 l BC·b52 200 8,000
5C R-508. ( I BC -b04 BC-bOl 200 8,000
SCR-528.( ) BC·b04 BC -bOl 200 B,OOO
5CR-509.A BC.b20 BC·b20 200 250 o r 4.000
5CR-510 BC-b20 BC·b20 200 250 o r 4.000
5CR-5 4l- ( I BC-b99 BC -b99 100 100
5C R-b08-A BC-b84 BC-b8l 200 8.000
and out- SCR-b28-A BC-bB 4 200 8,000
T H E I NPUT
put impedance of SCR-b09-A
SCR-bIO-A
BC-b59
BC·b59
BC-b8l
BC·b59
BC.b59
200
200
250 o r 4,000
250 o r 4,000
military equipment is
ofte n unknown to t he SC R-b I9-( I BC- I335 sc. ms 200 250 o r 4,000
per son co n side ring 5C R-b94-C BC.Il Ob sc.uos IbO 250 o r 4.000
SCR-808 BC-92 l BC ·92 l 200 B,OOO
amateur application of SCR-B2B BC-924 BC-92 4 200 8.000
these items. I mped an ce AN/TRC- I-( ) T-14-( I/ TRC- I R-1 9-1 I/TRC· I 500 500
match ing is impo r ta nt AN/TR C·8 T.lO/T RC -8 R- 48/TRC-8 500 500
and t he use of matched . . . .. .....
AN /PR C -B.I O • • ••• • • • • • 150 bOO
audio accessories will AN/ GR C-l ·B . .. . . .... . 150 bOO
do much toward cor- AN/ G RC .9 RT.77/GRC-9 RT-77/GRC-9 I bO 250 o r 4,000
recting the fa irly com-
mon and ofte n u nj usti fied com pla int of in- be gi ve n to the use of extern a l lin e ma tchin g
sufficient a ud io gai n. transformers. Small com mercial u n its are
The chart lists a number of surplus radio availab le to meet a wid e range of impedance
equipments and t heir a udio input output im- match ing requ irements and these transformers
pedances. will of te n mount d irectly on t he loudspeaker
I mped ance var iatio ns in tran smitte r in put fra me.
circuitry are not too g reat a nd in mo st in- Careful attention to impedance matching re-
sta nces match either a carbon microphone or quirements will result in improved perform-
a 500-600 oh m lin e. On t he other ha nd, r e- a nce of sur-plus conversions and u se of ex-
ceive r ou t put imped ances va ry widely a nd tern al, speaker mou nted li n e ma tch in g tra ns-
more 01' less unpred ictably S ince it is usually formers will mini mize t he work in such p roj-
desirable to effect a minimum number of in- ects. The results more than justify the
ternal equipment changes, consideration should expense.

MA RCH 19b1 73 MAGAZINE • 25


A llie C . Peed , Jr. K2DH A
34 Ashley Drive
Roc heste r 20, N. Y.
LL of the articles and instructions on phone
A patches end up by directing you to connect
the line terminals of the patch to the red and
green lead s in your telephone's junction block.
This leaves you more-or-less on your own from
there on. A s you can readily imagine, most
telephone companies take a very dim view of
anyone not in their employ connecting or dis-
connecting anything in their installations.
So, in s pit e of thi s, you're determined to
have phone patch facilities (after all, other
people have them) and you are willing to bear
the possible wrath of the telephone company.
If ) 'OU take the st ep and are perman ently con-
nected, then in case of trouble on your line,
the ser viceman is likely to discover your con-
nection, cut it off, report it to the company
and blame you for a ny trouble on the line.
Thus can begin a fir st-class rhubarb with you
in the role of underdog.
wouldn't it be better to have a patch in-
s talla t ion which could be connected to the line
by a plug-in connector and which could be
plugged in when you want to run a patch
and taken out when not needed-all of thi s to
be a ccomplished without making any unauthor-
ized changes in the telephone installation
itself?
Fortunately, this is fairly easy to accom-
plish. The key to the whole thing is to have
the telephone company install extension jacks
in your house. For a small installation charge
they will fit jacks at any and all locations
where you might wish to plug in the tele-
phone in your hou se. This doesn't add to your
monthly billing. There is only the one-time-
only installation charge. However, you must
have at least two jacks installed.
Once the jacks are installed, you can un-
plug your t elephone and plug it in at any
jack in the hou se. Thus, when you want to
run a patch, you can simply go and get the
t elephon e a nd plug it in at the oper at ing
position.
Ma ke up a patch cord with your phone
patch connection in the cord. Plug this cord
26 • 73 MAGAZINE
Patch
Patch
into the jack and plug your t elephone into the
other end of thi s cord. \Vhen you are finished,
put your patch patch cor d back in a drawer,
return •your t elephone to its regular resting
place and there is no sig n of your installation.
Unfortunatel y, the telephone company uses
a rather odd type of four -pronged jack in its
extension installations and these have until re-
cently been hard to come by u nless yo u had
a friend at the t elephone com pa ny. Recently,
Olson Radio in Toledo, Ohio has st a r t ed to
market th ese plugs and jacks and a patch
patch cord is practical for all now.
All that you n eed are one male and one f e-
male t elephone extension jack connectors, a
few feet of three wire cable and a few min utes
of your time. The screw terminals in both the
j a ck and the plug are marked with the color
of the leads. Be sur e to connect a wire be-
tween the terminal s marked similarly, i.e.,
red to red, green to green, and brown to
brown. Make this wire a s long or as shor t a s
you need for your convenience in placi ng the
telephone and phone patch unit at your operat-
ing position. The jack is made for su r f ace
mounting with two scr ews and can be mounted
permanently on the desk by the rig if you
choose.
Then, in either the plug or jack of your
patch patch cord, connect the two line leads
from your phone patch unit to the terminals
marked r ed and green r espectively. This can
be a permanent type connection s ince the
whole patch patch cord can remain at the op-
erating position connected to the phone patch
unit.
It's simple to use . Ju st plug the male end of
t he patch patch cord into the extension jack
installed f or you by the telephone company.
Then, plug your tel ephone instrument into the
female jack on the other end of the patch
pat ch cor d and r un you r patch traffic. When
you are fini shed , merely unplug and sto re your
patch patch cord and retu r n the telephon e to
it s usual position. Neat, eh?
MARCH 1961

• •
Transistor Converter
J . Spe cle lnv, J r. W3HIX
Philco Corporation
l a nsd ale Divi sio n
Lonsd a le , Penne .
THIS article presents a fully transistorized
conve r ter operat in g in t he 432 to 436 me
frequency ba nd . It employs a cr yst al con-
trolled local oscillator to improve frequ ency
sta bilit y. A commun ications r eceiver capable
of tu n ing the 28 to 32 me range is used for
th e if system. It f eatures an overall power gain
of 31 db with a noise figur e of 7.1 db. Th e
3 db bandwith was mea sured to be five mega-
cycles.
Th e UHF spect r um present s a n ew ch a l-
lenge in t he u se of tra nsistors. There h a s
been very little in the way of published ma-
ter ia l on the usage of th e transi stors at these
frequ encies.
This converter wa s const r uc ted with the
idea of determining how effective transi stors
would be in fun ctions previously accomplished
by t he use of vacuum tubes. The Philco sma ll
area MADT* transistor wa s selected becaus e
of its su per ior performance in t he V HF
spect r um .
The r esult was a 432 me convert er whose
oper a t ion su r passes that of most tube types.
Compact ness and low power requirements
·Trudem a rk - RI 'R'. U .S . P a l . O ff .
MARCH 1961
A
432-
436mc
make the trans istors even more des irable.
RF Section
The two RF st a ges are operating a s com-
mon-base ampli fiers a nd the mixer a s a
common-em itter s t ag e. A seri es capacitor,
C2, cou pl es th e signa l from th e antenna t o
t he emitter of the first RF amplifier s ta ge. A
variable capacitor, Cl, is inser t ed between the
input and g roun d. In operating an amplifier
common -base, t here exists some in phase feed-
back from the output back to t he input circuit
th rough t he transistor. C l is adju sted t o
minimize any tendency t owards instability r e-
su lt in g from t hi s feedba ck.
Th e output circuit is tuned by ca pacitor C3
and coil Ll. A coupli ng ca pac itor C4 feeds
the output to the emitter of the secon d rf
s ta g e. The ou t put of thi s st a ge is tuned by
ca pacitor C5 and coil L2 . A coupling capaci-
t or. C6, feeds the sig n al to the base of the
mi xer. A 30 me trap is inserted between th e
base and ground of thi s st ag e. 'I'his trap s hort
circu its the in pu t admittance of the m ix er a t
30 me p r oviding- hi gher convers ion power guin.
The output is coupled t o th e load through a
13 MAGAZINE • 27
30 me transform er con si sting of coils L5
and 1.6.
The local oscillator sig-na l is injected into
the em itter through capacitor C7. Coil L4
provides a high impedance at t he loca l osc il-
lator fr equ ency and form s part of the emitter
bypass network for the if s ign a l.
Harmonic G enerator
The first three sta ges are operat.ing a s
common-emitter st a ges. The last sta ge is u sed
a s a grounded base doubl er.
A crystal cont rolled osci lla tor is used for
frequency generation. Capacitor C8 and coil
1.7 tune the output to 50.5 me. A 6.8 mmfd
capacitor matches th e ou t put to the base of
th e fi r st freque ncy doubler. The output of
thi s st a ge is tuned to 101 me. An 8.2 mmfd
ca pac itor matches th e output to th e base of
the se cond freq uency doubler. Th e output of
thi s stage is tuned to 202 me by capacitor
CI 0 and coil 1.9. The out put is f ed t o the
em itte r of the thi rd frequency doubler by a
tap on 1.9 and a 100 mmfd blo cking capacitor.
The out pu t of t he last sta ge is tuned to 404
me bv condenser C ll and co il 1. 10. Capacitor
C7 c~upl es the powe r to the em it te r of th e
m ixer. C7 is peaked fo r m a ximum drive into
the mixer.
The resi stors located in th e em it t er cir cu its
of the t r a ns istors p rov ide t he necessary de
st a biliza t ion. The others form bias network s
to fix the o pe r ating point.
Construction
Th e photographs and coil data should a ssi st
in the construction of the conve r te r. A 7 x 5
inch brass st ock 1/16 in ch thick ser ves a s a
mounting plate for the components. An alu-
minum chassis 7 x 5 x 2 in ches se r ve as a
shielded enclosu re. Although silver plating the
brass is r ecommended, it is not necessary.
Good ground connect ions are necessary for
propel' ope r a t ion.
Tuning Procedure
It is fi rst. de sirabl e to align t he harmoni c
generator sta ges to the prope r freque ncies.
28 • 13 MAGAZINE
A wave meter/grid dip oscillator is very u se-
fu l. In grid dipping t he tank circ uits, it is
r ecommended that t he t ra nsistors are r emoved
from thei r sockets . Ca pacitor C7 is set to a
mid value and then ca n be peaked up later.
N ext, tune the ou tput coil of the mi xer to
30 me . The 30 me trap in ser ies with the
mixer base and ground should be di scon nected
d uring this t un ing procedure. Aft er the 30
me output coil is a li gned. the trap is re-
solde red back in to the circuit. The trap is
set with a g rid dip osc illa to r by removing the
m ixer transistor and in serting a short between
the emitter a nd base term inal. T he sl ug of L:~
is now ad j usted for a dip at 30 me. Remove
the shor t and replace the mixer tran si stor.
A sign a l generator is very hel pful in alig-n -
ing th e RF stages. With C4 set at ma xim um
and C6 to about mid capac ity, ad just C3 and
C5 for max imum ga in . The sett ing of Cl iR
not cri t ical and can be left out if th e firs t
rf amplifier shows no sign of b reak ing into
oscillation. If a no ise generator is available.
C l can be ad j usted in t he followin g- mann er.
Sta rting from minimum ca pac it y . vary it un -
til the noi se fig ur e begin s to increase, then
back otf about one t u rn . At th e point where
the noise figure st a rts to increase, t he powe r
gain is decreasing- rapid ly due to a decrease in
t he r egen eration of t he fi rs t s ta ge. A s t he g ai n
of the fi r st stage d rops below a certa in va lue ,
the noise contributed by the second amplifie r
st a ge is on th e in crease, h ence th e overall
noi se fi gu re becomes high er .
Chart I indicates the current drai n of th e
converter.
Chart I
Stag e Current Drain {mal
Current
Doublers [ Hleede r I
T ot al in ,
",.
1s t 2rll! X lIII
Ht' ;l.1 i xt' r 0"1:- l s t " 2nd- ~rd- dra in eluded I
1.5 rn a 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.0 20.5
"Not __ l ne lu dea dc· blas c urrt' nt.
Driving powe r al so infl uences the current
flow to some extent.
The high gain cha r ac terist ics of th e front
end resu lt s f r om r egenerative amplificati on
due to the common-base opera tion . Equiva lent
ga in figures ca n be had by usin g sfig htl y
ove r neut rali zed common -emitte r stages. N eu-
tralization above 400 me becomes diffic ult. De-
sp ite this , the ove rall 3 db bandwidth is over
5 me wi th g ood sta bility. On e di sadvan t a ge
of a com mon-base amplifier is that power
gain and bandwidth varies cons idera bly wi~h
transi stors . Tabulated below a r e some gam
and ban dw idt h s that we r e obse r ved using a
nu mbe r of transistors.
Nt' u sillJ:
o ve-rn 11 O n ' rall I. 12G2A NF using'
P u we r (; ain :~ ,Ih HW diu,lf> 5722 ,lio, lt<
22 - :U . Ih &.5 hI 1i.2 5.2 to s.s
db db
MARCH 1961
 Th e reason that the noi se figure readings
a re g iven fro m two t~.. pes of noise gener a to rs
is t hat t he 5722 noise diode is st ill used bv
some in determ ini ng noise fi g u re. The lead
inducta nces of the 5722 at thi s freq uency
tend to produce a bett er noise figure than the
sta ge really exh ibits, A com me r cia l unit pro-
d uced by the H ew lett Packard Com pa ny em-
ploys a L1262A noise diode as its gener ator.
The readi ngs using t h is type of diode prod uce
a mor e a cc urate rea ding, The H ew let t Pack-
ard noi se diode is g ua r a nt eed a ccurate to
600 me.
Parts List
C l , C3 , C5, C I I -O.5-S.0 m mfd Pis ton Capaci to r
JF D VCS
C4 , C6--1.0-!l.O mmfd Pill to n Cfll'nc itor J FD V C!l
C7 - 7-45 Ce r-nmic T r imme r
lA - I Tu rn # 22 tf nn ed co pper 3/ 16" ln stde d iameter.
Cll . C~ - l - l~ mmrd Pis t o n Capacitor JF D VC4-G
1.5-1 8 T urns ~2 8 Nvclud cop per w ire closewou n d o n
CIU-O.5-11 mmfd Pisto n Cunac ft or- JFD V CI-G
xte tc-Ove rtone Xtal P ete .....en t ype Z-9A
:t.:." for-m r Cnmb ton t yp e I'LS 5-2C4L w it h pow dered
iron core ,;;':2 0063-N j .
Coil Dat a 1.5- :1 Turns #2 8 Nyclad eonper- wire closewound OVE'r
ground e n d o f primary w i n ,linK 1.5.
1.1. 1.2- :'>l a d e u p ( r om 2 y': '" x ~.t '" b r a s s s t oc k 1!:l2 '"
th ick , s il v e r p la ted.
I.i- to T u r n s .#20 ti n n ed coppe r- v.:"
i n side dfamete r-,
%" lo ng (U & W Min iducto r # aoo a . Air-du x #4 16T) .
1.3-14 T u rn s # 28 N y cl ad copper- wire c lo se wou nd on " ' - 3 T u rn s #20 t.i n ned co pper wi r e (n & W # 300:q .
l~ " ro-m ( Ca m b lon type 1.8·6 w it h powder-ed iron 1.9- 5 Tur n s .:tI R tln n ed COPI>('r ~~ " In aide dia mete r , 1,f"
core ;;2006;1-0 , . length . tap l ! ~ Turn (rom Kroun d end .

Converting the Tube Tube Tube, Wa tt

Watt Watt Watt Watt, Meter Meter Meter
Meter Meter Meter to the Tube Tube
Tube, Watt Watt, Meter Meter
is a qu ick way to g et on 2 wi t h the
H E Rf;
least a moun t of effort and dou gh ray me.
It is amazingly s im ple and quick. First of all
r----~--
• I ,r-------
.-:----
6CX8A : __ ~~_ .".. "'C
F INAL
look up t he first H73" issu e (O ct. '(0) and on l 6 CX8 S
page 32 you will find a little 6 met er rig by
, <1: r-, >r~
1L. a, ,-
_• , ... ~

t he author. Only 3 modification s n eed be mad e

r~~,,.....
-.-
""T' /"
L_:+-_-'
•
.'---.
• ---1

::...'
\

-p .
I OSC' , Il.TOfl
to con vert t h is rig t o 2 meters , This should be : PAO: ... ,
an excellent proj ect for th e Novice who would ' t-~
I ~ IOIt I _L_
like to take a cr ack at thi s VHF band. If t he -L ~IW I "'T,
,
in str uc tion s are foll owed carefully t her e shou ld
be no probl em s s uch as getting on the right "'"
frequency.
T he first t hing needed is a 48 mc t h ird
ove rto ne r ock. F or t he N ovi ce approximatel y
48.5 me is needed which w ill have a fina l f r e-
quency of 145.5 me well in th e Nov ice band.
Th e coil mo difications to be mad e are t he between turn 1 a nd 2 from the pl ate end of
follow ing ; Add a 3 mmfd capacitor to L1 t he final coil. Sold er t he 2 ,uh RF C cho ke 1
parallel t o the 5 mmfd t o reduce t he oscilla- t urn f rom t he ca pac itor end .
tor resonan t f requency. Take a pi ece of # 14 N ow t he power can be turned on and tune'er
w ir e and w ind 4 turn s 74 inches in diameter. up . The tu n ing procedures are the sa me as
Remove th e 6 meter fi nal coil L2 and in stal l w it h the 6 meter rig.
the 4. 't u r-n coil in series !w
, it h th e plate of th e Sin ce th e frequency is t ri pled in the final
6C X8( B) a nd th e 25 mm fd variable capacitor. it is not the most efficient 2 meter rig, but
Pad the 25 mm fd ca pacitor with a 30 mmfd . you ca n have a lot of fun getting on the air.
Mak e a ' I th t urn antenna coupler coil from It's fin e for loca l rag chewing . Better results
a pi ece of soli d hookup wire *
inch es in can be expected if a shi eld is u sed between
dia mete r . P la ce the an tenna co upler coil L3 t he oscillator and final. . .. K8NIC/5

MARCH 19b1 73 MAGAZINE • 29


Squawk Box
SURPRISI NG amount of excellent equipment,
A much of it virtually ready to use, is st ill
availabl e in sur plus throughout the country.
For VHF and /or mobile u se, especially, sur -
plus stock s st ill prove a gold mine.
An d since conver sion of t he standard auto
voltage from six to 12 volts, the same a s the
long-established military st a ndar d, many it ems
require no conversion before installation. No
conversion, that is, except to provide for loud-
speaker operation....
Al most every milita ry use for the equi pment
requ ired hea dphone output; virtually n one of
the mobile-adaptable gear now to be h ad was
originally equipped to drive a s pea ker . But
phones are inconvenient, to sa y th e least, in
the amateur mobile se r vice.
The simple way out of this problem is not
to convert t he equipment at all, bu t to add an
outboa r d power ampli fier. Since the tran sistor
works excellentl y at 12 volts, its use is a
natural. But thi s is not just another article
30 • 73 MAGAZItJ;
Transistorized
Loudspeaker
tActual
Sizel
Ji m Kyle. K5JKX/6
on how to build a tran si stor aud io power am-
plifier-it introduces a completely different
type of audio output circuit, which can only
operate with tran sistors. I n addition to the
four tran sistors , though, you need only two
r esi st or s , one transforme r (for input, not
output!), and t he speaker itself. A power am-
plifier can hardly be s impler than that.
This amplifier oper a tes on the bridge prin-
ciple, thereby eli mina t ing any dc from the
loud speaker whi le st ill doing away with the
output tra nsfor mer. A simplified schem at ic
is shown in Fig. 1, with t he t ra nsistors repre-
sented by variable resistors. As sume that the
set ti ng of each resi stor is a ccomplished au-
t omatically by the input sig n al a s shown by
dotted lines : a positive-going input increases
the resi stance wh ile a n ega t ive-going input re-
d uces resistance.
If, at t he begi nni ng, all r esistor s are set t o
the sa me value, the bridge will be perfectly
balanced and no current will flow through the
MARCH 1961

c 1306 up t o speaker level f or mobile u se. Its
'--~
+ III-=
-----:'i:- - ---'
FI G . I. Basic bridge amplifier, si mplified
sche matic dia g ra m. See text for deta ils of
operation .
voice coil.
However , if t he voltage at in p ut A goes
nega tive while th at at point B goes positive
(both voltages r eferred t o ground pot ential).
t hen Ql wiII decrea se in resista nce while Q2's
resi sta nce in cr eases. Forget Q3 and Q4 for a
mom ent-even wi thout them the bridge is no
longer balanced. This makes the voltage at
point C less negative (or more positive) than
it was at bala nce, wh ile the voltage a t point D
goes more negative than before.
XO\V look at Q3 and Q..L They derive their
resi stance-control inputs from points D and
C, r espectively. As point C goes more positive,
the resi stance of Q4 increases. At th e same
time, with point D go ing negative, Q3's re-
s ist a nce drops.
Th is actio n p ushe s the br idge even fa rther
out of balance, with r esistance of both Ql and
Q3 lowered and Q2 and Q4 increased. Cur ren t
flows from poi nt D to point C, through the
voice coil.
The action just described takes place on each
cycle of audio frequ ency power, and the s ame
action with r eversed polarity occurs on the
other ha lf-cycles. As a resu lt, the curr ent
through the voice coil is that of t he af wave-
form applied to the input t erminals.
Du r ing th is act ion, each transistor is acting
mor e like the automatically-variable resistor
we have a ssumed for explanation than it is
act ing like an amplifier. Its res istance will
vary f rom approximately ha lf an ohm a s mini-
mum to a maximu m of several thou san d ohms.
This means that current flow through the
voice coil is limited, not by the t r a ns is tors, but
by t he impedan ce of the voice coil itself. To
be more exact, t hi s circu it is capable of pro-
ducing approximately 18 watts in an 8-oh m
speaker , or 36 watts in a 4-ohm unit, p r ovided
only that the tran sistors are capable of ha n-
dlinrr t h at variety of power.
The unit shown in schem atic f orm in Fig.
MARCH 196 1
2 is n't t hat powerful. I t wa s bu ilt for the ex-
press purpose of bringing output from a B C-
powe r is approximately half a wa tt, using
ty pe 2NI07 tr ansis tors.
T o protect the tran si stors from over loa d, the
input wa s deli be r ately m isma tched . Since the
case conta ining the sp ea ker a nd amplifier was
al so to ser ve a s the control unit for the B C-
1306, the 500-ohm gai n control, m icrophone
j a ck, and switch (vi sible in the photos) were
added. A six-wir e cable connects t he squaw-
box to t he trunk-moun ted 1306.
Constructi on of the unit is simplicit y itself.
Th e transformer, transistors, and resistors
arc first mounted on the cardboard chassis
and a ll int er con n ection s are made. P ower , in-
put, and out p ut lea ds are brought out with
st ra nd ed hookup wire, and the chassis card is
t he n attached to the back of the s peaker with
two 8-32 scr ews. I nput leads are connected to
the gain control, output leads to the speaker
voice coil, and th e proper power lead (depend-
ing on polarity of your car's ignition system)
is run to th e p ower switch. The other power
lead is g r ou nded .
To use t he unit in a non-mohile application,
just add a sma ll battery (anything u p to 30
volts is fine ; the t ran si stors are effectivel y in
ser ies, so ma ximum-voltage ratings won't be
exceeded ) and you're in business.
To adapt thi s gadget to higher-powered use,
sim ply match the input imp edan ces of t he firs t
two tran sistors (Ql and Q2) for max imum
power tran sfer, a nd su p ply enough driving aig-
nal to push th em to sa t u r at ion. Presto, power!
Va lues of the two r es istor s might be trimmed
in either d irection for maximum power out-
pu t, also-i t didn't prove necess a r y here. 73
0' 03
., .,
INPUT TO
,
1. 3 300 A
SPEAKER
~
'00'"
""''''
GAIN ! - 16A
PM
. 3 ! !OO .J'l..
0' l.w · 0 4
a
' - - - - --<> 12 VOLTS 0- ...1
+
FI G. 2. Schematic d iagram . QI-Q2 .Q3 -Q4
should be PNP tran sist ors of the same type
... such as 2 N 107 o r C K72 2. TI -I nput o r inter-
stage t ran sist or transformer. A Sta nco r TA-32
with pri ma ry and seco ndary reverse d and only
ha lf of t he origina l second ary conne cted was
used in the prototype for d e liberate mismatch
to protect the tra nsistors fro m overload.
73 MAGAZ INE • 31
-
a t e c hnic a l discu ssion of receiver front ends
Up Front
"Y OU ca n't work 'em if you can't hea r 'em,"
is one of t he oldest maxims in ham radio.
Since virtually no one is certa in that his re-
ceiver posses ses ultimate se ns it ivit y . everyone
wants to improve that department of his
shack's eq uipm e nt.
F ortunately, se nsit ivity of most r eceivers
can be improved-and it doesn't cost a fort une,
either. Tube design s developed d uri ng t he past
10 years far exceed the wildest dreams of pre-
1950 receiver designers, a nd as a result, im-
proved r eceiver sens it ivit y is sim ple fo r older
sets. Although newer rigs make use of t he new
tubes already, there are gimmicks for them
too.
In m odifying an e xisti ng r eceiver for greater
sensit ivit y, you have a choice of three courses:
subst it u ti ng of hott er tubes, changing cir-
cuitry, or using p lug-in adapters. The choice
is up to you, but to make it intell igently you
need full inform a t ion a bout all res u lts to be
expected, bot h good and bad. That's t he pu r-
pose of thi s article. I n addition to a su rvey
of the design fac tors you will encounter, you'll
find a select ion of circuits. At lea st one of them
should, with on ly minor modifications a s dic-
tated by your requirement s, prove s uita ble f or
your own receiver,
whi le there a r e sever a l poi nts in a rece iver
at whi ch changes can provide greater ga in,
the "front end" (rf stages and mixer cons id-
ered a s a un it) controls t he set 's sensitivity.
Any gain which follows the front end will
amplify only receiver noise, and will be of no
practical u se in hearing those weak s ig na ls.
The gain will make st rong sig na ls stro nger,
t o be su re, but the w eak ones can be captured
only by improving matters up front. S ince this
is the case, let's look at the first rf stage for
a st a r t .
An rf st a ge , to t he set des igner, ha s three
major fu nction s. P r ovid in g se nsit ivit y for t he
set is only one of the three. The ot her two are
to isolate the local oscillator from the antenna
and t hus prevent r adiation, and to elimin ate or
min imi ze image r e spon se. Frequently, com-
mer cia l designs are ba sed on isolation or se-
lectivity rather than on sens it ivit y-a nd so
can st a n d improv ement in the matter s of noi se
and gain.
32 • 73 MAGAZI NE
Staff
Mu ch ha s been wr itten on the subj ect of
noise in rf uru plifl ers , a nd ma ny pe rson s are
now convi nced t hat a ll rf amplifiers sho uld u se
only triode tubes to achieve low-noise r esu lts .
Don't you beli eve it ..•.
\ Vhile triodes, with their few er elements, do
show lower noi se than their pentod e counter-
parts, the difference becomes sig n ifi ca nt only
at VH F f requencies a nd above. Even at 50 me,
a well-designed pentode amplifie r will r ea ch
below t he level of antenna noise-a nd whe n
you've gone t hat f ar , you 're at the en d of the
line. No amount of im p rovem ent of your set
can reduce antenna noise.
At thi s point, before reading much more,
you can perform a s im ple test to determine
whether your r eceiver is already at the lim it
of usable se nsit .i vity If it is, concentrate on
the a ntenna-work on the receiver f ront end
under t he se conditio ns is only wasted effort.
T he t est is th is: Turn on the r ece iver a nd
adj ust all gain controls to t he wide-open pos i-
tion . A ft er t he rig warm s up, discon nect t he
antenna. Substitute a ~ - w a tt carbon resi stor
with the sa me resistance a s the antenna, at
the receiver ANT terminals (u se either 5 1
ohms, 75 ohms, or 330 ohm s) . Reduce rf gain
until noise hi ss from the spea ke r is barely
audible. Di sconnect the resi stor and reconnect
the a ntenna. If noise output increa ses, yo u 're
a lready a ble to receive an tenn a noise. If no in-
crease results, your r eceiver can sta nd im-
provement. The test, incidenta lly, shou ld be
performed at your receiver's highest operating
fr equency s ince noi se level from the antenna
decreases with frequency.
If you're st ill with us , the next ste p is to
decide whether you want to (a) u se newer
tubes (b) change t he i-f-stage circuits, or (c)
use a pl ug -in gadget.
U se of a la ter-mod el t ube wh ich can be sim-
ply plugged into the set is al wa ys tem pting-
but th is way lies disaster. T ubes vary in many
factors besides that of gain; input and output
ca pa cit y may be so far off that the set can't
be aligned, the grid cutoff characteristic may
prevent proper Ave action, the hotter tube
may cross-modulate all sig na ls. . . . The list
is long and the p itfa lls many. H owe ver , with
proper care, excellent results a re possible.
 Circu it changes, s imilar ly, ca n create ma ny
problems. Lead dr ess is critical above 25 me .
Circuits which are excellent at 30 me give up
and die a t 3.5. Th e set may fail to t r ack after
modificat ion. In other words, thi s too t akes
some prior pla nn ing.
P lug-i n gadgets combine the advantages-
and t hus s ha r e t he disad va nt ages-of both the
othe r types of changes. I n add itio n, t hey have
pecu lia r it ies all t heir own. T he worst is t heir
tendency to oscillate, caused by necessarily
long grounded leads. This can be cured by an
external grou ndi ng st ra p-but it's a n awk -
ward device at best .
One aid to making your choi ce is to lis t
ever y t hing you hope to achieve. If sens tt ivtt y
(g reater ga in and /or les s set noi se) is t he only
goa l, a s imp le tube switch with mino r ci r cu it
cha nges will usua lly achieve it . On the other
hand, if you need greatly improved sens it ivity ,
better image rejection, and increased oscil-
la to r isola tion yo ur only h ope is to ch a nge t he
com plete circu it. In -bet ween r esu lts ma y be ob-
t a ined in any of the three poss ible ways.
Naturally, if you're swit ch ing from pentodes
to t riodes 01' vice ve r sa you 'll h ave to mak e
ci rcu it chang es. Theref ore, one of t he early de-
cisions leading to the big choice is t hat of
which tube type to use.
To sta rt with, all discuss ion of triodes vs.
pent od es is ba sed on t he idea t ha t on ly the
best of each t ype are be ing compa red. It 's
only logical that a fair triode wif l outperfo rm
a poor pentode, and t han an excellen t pentodc
will r un rin gs a rou nd ei t he r.
But wh en you compa re t he best of each
breed, you'll find that triodes are characterized
by ext remely low noise, moderate gain, and
sever e insta bility when used in conventional
circu itr y. P en t acl es, on the othe r hand, h ave
excellent gai n and good at a bilit y, but show
higher noise than their three-element cousins.
For operation at 50 mc a nd below, the nod
goe s to pe n t od es when consider ing only t he
to
r-~Ii
:i":
"
"00
-cc
.""
Fig . I. Typic a l circuit of receive r first- rf sta ge .
Tub e ma y be a lmost a ny rem ote-cut off p entod e.
Screen re t urns t o low-volt age line esta blishe d
fro m re cei ver power supply.
---
r-;---
+2>.
.""
Fig. 2. Adding a high-valued resistor from
screen to plate sup p ly in the circuit of Fig . I
results in th e tube's g a ining se mi-re mo te-cutoff
c ha ra cte ristics. No ot her changes are ne cessary.
bes t of each type.
In practice, quality is usually expensive. As
a res ult, triode!' hold a s lig-ht edge in t he 20-
50 me f reque ncy range , si n ce the p opula r cas-
cade circuit give!' th em bot h the pen tode's
advantages and retain s their low-noise char-
a cteri st ic- a Il at a moderate p rice .
In a ddit ion, any rf stage ca n be conve rted
to a cascode by means of a plu g-in a da pte r
( see the references) at low cost.
For u se below 20 mc alm ost any recent-
model pentode gives good r esults. E ven the
a nc ie nt GSK7 series performs well at these
freque nc ies, bu t it ca n be improved. In this
ra nge, tube s ubst it ut ion is the best policy.
T o s ubst itu te t ubes, start by obtai n ing a
good tube handbook. The best ar e t he RCA
Tu be Han db ook HB-3, in fi ve volum es and
priced at $17.50, a nd the G E Elect r on ic T ube
Ma nua l. al so in five volu mes a nd similar ly
pri ced. T hese book s list a ll chara cte ristics of
a ll t ubes produced b y these firms , r a t her th a n
the abbrevi ated listi ng of popular tu bes fou nd
in t he s ma ller manual s , and are h ighly rec-
ommended . However, information in t he $1-
ra nge t ube ma nuals is accurate and ca n be
used.
Wit h handbook in hand, first look up char-
acteristics of the tube now used in you r re-
ceive r . Wri te them do wn. Be su re to check
input an d outpu t ca pacit ies, opera t ing bia s
range, electrode voltages, and tran scondu ct-
ance.
Then, s ta r t through the ha ndbook looking
f O I' t ubes wh ich match yo urs in a ll cha r ac-
te ri stics except tra nsconductance , which mu st
be greater. The best areas to sea r ch first are
the 6B A- through 6E8- type prefixes, since
those a r e the n ewest types.
\Vhen yo u ha ve sever a l cand idates , check
to see that basing arra ngement s a r e compat-
ibl e. It's easy to change socket connections,
but not so easy to cha nge th e socket itself.
73 MAGAZINE • 33

..~
II
::
TO NEXT
Rf S TAG[
" tubes a s the 6BC5, 6BC6, and 6DK6, all of
... •
Fig. 3. The simplest triode amplifier circuit is
the grounded-grid arrangement, shown here. Its
ma jor disadvantage is low gain , requiring at
lea st two stages of rf ampl ification .
Finally, look at th e characteri stic curves for
both th e exi stin g tube a nd your r eplacement
ca nd id a tes. If th e g eneral sha pe is t he sa me ,
the candidates will probably perform sa t is -
fact orily.
Whe n all thi s preliminary paperwork is com-
plete, the on ly thing left t o d o is to t ry the
t u bes a nd see wha t h appens . P lug in th e re-
placem ent t u be ( m a k in g wir ing cha nges if
neces sary) and try it. Check carefu lly for
proper AV e a ction a s well a s improved sens i-
t ivity, and t est f or cross-mod ulation by tu ning
to weak sig-na ls ne a r st rong ones. If the strong
signal rid es in on the weak one, yo u have
c ross-mod ulati on which mu st be co r r ect ed by
changing to a nother type of tube .
One of the biggest com pr om is es you mu st
make wh en choosi ng fr ont-end tubes is th a t
between m aximum g ain and minim um cross-
modul a t io n. Remot e-cutoff t u bes are usually
better when a void ing c ross-mod ul a t .ion , but
maximum gain is a chi eved on ly with sha r p-
cutoff tubes. Fortunately, it's usually possible
to r each t he ant enna-noise level wi t h g ood r e-
mote-c utoff t u bes.
Tube su bsti t utions u sually t a ke care of a ny
p roblems below 20 me . At higher frequenci es
the choice is between t he USe of plug-in adapt-
e rs a nd ch a nging the circuit r y. Sin ce plu g-in
a da pte rs sha re m an y of t he features of circuit
changes , let's ex a mi ne ci rcuitry first.
T he basi c c irc ui t used for the first rf am-
plifi er in most rece iver s is show n in F ig . 1.
Com po nen t va lues s how n are only typica l-
ex act va lues, natu r a lly, will vary fr om set t o
set depend ing on t he t ube an d the designer's
wh im. All band swit ching ci rcuit ry ha s been
om it ted f or si m pl icity.
Thi s ci r cuit has no inherent noi se pro perties,
but the tubes most adaptable t o usc in it are
not the most se nsit ive r f a mplifiers available.
As mention ed ea r lier, se nsit ivity and f reed om
from cross-mod ula t ion seldom g o hand in h and .
And in the circuit of F ig. I, fre edom from
cr oss-m od ula t ion requires remote-cutoff tubes.
T he sim ple change shown in Fig. 2 will make
34 • 13 MAGAZINE
a ny sharp-cutoff tube act like a semi-remote-
cutoff des ign, for reason s too comp licated t o
go into in detail here . Com ponent va lues in
thi s diagram, also, are ty pical-wit h the ex-
ce pt ion of the screen resistor, R 3, whi ch is a p-
plicable to any tube .
With t his change, yo u can sa fely use s uch
which give higher gain than most r emote-cut-
off tubes.
If you decide t o switch t o triod es for th eir
lower-noise p roperties, you ca n take your pick
of a n umber of circu its . As mentioned before,
th ere is lit tle advantage in triodes below about
60 me, but in a f ew cases they work better
t h a n pe ntod es.
One of the sim plest triode circuits is the
grounded-grid a mplifier, shown in Fig', S. U se
of t hi s circu it requires t hat two st a g es he
employed, and overall gain will und oubtedly
be lower than with the older pentod e. N oi se ,
however, will drop more than sig na l st ren g t h ,
which mean s that a hotter tube can be u sed
in the if strip to bring back a ll t he lost gain
with lower front-end noi se.
The t wo st a ges r equired by most tri ode ci r -
cuits ca n be combined in the sa me s pace oc-
cu pied by a sing le pentode. One way of doing
thi s is by u sing t he cathode-coupl ed am plifier,
F ig. 4. Signal st r eng t h , again, will show a
slig h t drop compared t o the r eplaced pentod e
- bu t noi se will be much lower.
The only triode amplifi er ci rcui t ca pable of
com pet ing at equal st a t us with pentodes in
t he " stage gai n" department is the cascode,
show n in Fi g . 5. Gain is eq ua l to or greater
t ha n that of most pentode st a g es , while noi se
level is even lower than that produced by most
ot her t r iode circuits. Since compl ete analyses
of the circui t ha ve recently been p ubli shed
.BK7:...r=~~=h
---
",...-+-.,L'F-~
""II"
II
::(":
II
~--,:I
~::
.,..::::l"'t'''''i1r----...,.-.....-----'
..."'
Fiq. 4. This cat ho de-co uple d amplifier can be
substitu t e d fo r stan da rd pe ntodes in a ny re-
ceiver. The on ly part ad ded to the receive r will
be the rf choke in the cathode lead .
el sewhe r e (see bibliography), it wo n't be gone
into in deta il here.
Any of th ese circuits can be const r uct ed on
 *
~~*~a~n:o'her FIRST 'rom FINCO
Patent Re 24 ,413
Other patents pending
6 & 2 Meter
Model No. A -52
A ma"teur Net. A·5 2 $33 .00
Sta cking Kit AS·62 $2.19

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18 Elements
10 Ft. Long
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Special Phasing Stub
• All Elements Are Sleeve Reinforced
1 - 3 Element Collinear Reflector
And Completely Pre-assembled With 4 - 3 Element Collinear Directors
"Snap-out" Lock-Tite Brackets
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AS-2 $1.83
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STACKING KIT
tet SOU/( F'NCO· r.lJiMJWiJ'c 10 ElEMENT
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AIIJ.·I0 $11.88
STACKING KIT
A$.6 $2.19 or write direct to AS-IV.. $1.26

THE FINNEY COMPANY • DEPT. 20, 34 W. INTERSTATE ST., BEDFORD, OHIO

73 MAGAZINE • 35

-

681<1
"
••
~""
,",r"'~
"n
"'"
"(
,",
""
3
... I '
,1
"'
ez 1,l,. ,iiI
= =
Fig . 5. This ceseede circu it is th e only triod e
rf a mpl ifie r which be a ts pen todes in their own
field. It can be built in with ad dition of only
four compon e nts .
a s ma ll plate of copper or tin- t an stock using
Vector turret sockets, and subs t it ut ed fo r t he
old octa l socket in the set. Naturally, t he re-
ceive r mu st be realigned after any such
change. .
T hese circuit s (except t he g roun ded-grid)
a re also adaptable to being constructed in the
form of plug-in units wh ich s im ply subst it ute
fO I" t he e xi sti ng rf tube . Com plete un its of thi s
nature are t he S-ge r, t he Im pr oved S-ger,
and the S-ger Ma r k II (see bibliogra phy
again ) . T he pentade circuit cha nge can al so
be incor por a t ed into a plug-in ad apter .
With noi se in the first rf st a ge minimized,
it 's time to check elsewhere in you r efforts to
attain t he u ltimate in sens itivit y. P reque ntly,
the mixer st a ge of a receiver makes a su b-
st a nt ia l noise contribution an d masks weak
sig na ls. This is especially true if the fir st rf
stage is not doing it s job properly, but by n ow
that portion of your set should be at peak per-
formancc.
The d iffer e nce betv..een a quiet and a noi sy
mixer is largely a matter of tube choice. ~ li x e r
tubes de signed es pecia lly for low-noi se se r vice
include t he 6B A 7 a nd t he 6S B 7 ~ Y (now almost
ob solete.) T he GUS is a good one also but usu-
ally r equires ci rcuit changes.
If yo u don 't m ind exten sive su r ger y inside
the set . substi t u t ion of a 6AC7 operated a s a
pentode mixer a s shown in Fig. 6 will yield ex-
ceptiona lly low- noi se mixing a ction . H owever,
you may exper ience a bit of difficulty in r ea -
ligning the set aft er this change due to the
drastica lly differe nt circuit an d resulting
ch ange in circu it capacities .
Once the proper tube type is subs t it uted , a
few cha nges in circu it constant may increase
mi xi ng se nsit ivit y. Lowest noi se and g reatest
freedom from cross-modulation are obtained
with a non-gr-id-leak-bia sed mixer . Howe ver ,
s uch m ixers a re a lso t he me at sens it ive to va r i-
ations in oscillator output and so are usually
avoided by set designers.
Bia s val ues for t he m ixer t ube of yo ur choice
as • n MAGAZINE
ca n be obt a ined fr om the tube-handbook c ha rts .
E it he r fixed grid bia s obta ined fr om the power
su pply 0 1' from a mer cury cell, or cathode bias
developed across a resistor of the prop er size
(as sho wn in Figures 6 and 7), can be used
instead of t he or igina l grid -leak bia sin g . The
gri d resistor can t hen be red uc ed in va lue, or
left unchanged.
W it h a ny biasing a rrangement ot her t han
t he g ri d- lea k circuit , m ixer pe rforma nce is
extrem ely dependent upon proper oscillator
inj ect ion voltag-e. Oscillator output mu st be ad -
j usted while listening to r eceived sig na ls , for
best results. At th e right point, you will notice
low noi se, good gain, and little distorti on.
E xcessi ve oscilla tor ou tput will resul t in re-
d uced ga in and increased noise. while too little
out pu t gives relatively noise-free r esults but
little mixing gain.
A cir cui t for use of t he GUS is show n in Fig.
7. Note that no cou pli ng between oscill a tor
and m ixe r is indicated. All necessary couplin g
is provided by t he pr o xim ity of t he t ube sec-
tion s wit hin the envelope. Th is circuit, ad apt ed
from the Lnte rna t ic nol Cr ystal .llig. Co. model
rc •
•"'",,) hr..,
r:'" r: _£;:1--1---
3 :
$llIQ;
i
II
"
"(
",,""
"
" '"
""" "
Fig. 6. Th e 6AC7 mixer circuit show n here give s
lowest mixer· stage noi se o ut p ut of a ny f re·
quency con ve rters t e st ed . according t o resea rc h
reports. Its major d isadvantage is t he exte nsive
set surge ry requi red f or installa t io n.
F CV -2 converter , provi des exce ptional results
whe n preceded by one s ta ge of rf amp lifica-
tion, even at 144 me, •
W it h bot h th e rf sta ge and the mixer clea ned
u p. the re's littl e m ore to do in yo u r sea r ch for
se ns it ivit y. It's a good idea, howeve r , to check
A VC a ction after all modifications ha ve been
mad e. Tube a nd circuit ch a nges some t im es up-
set normal f unctioning of th is important circuit,
s ince action of the front e nd at low bias vol -
t a ge s may be vastly diffe rent f rom its a ct ion
ne ar t ube cutoff.
T o check AVe. tune across the broadcast
ba nd if you r receiver has one. Lackin g t hat ,
listen t o t he k ilowatt down t he block. E xa min e
t he sig na l carefully to see if you can detect
distortion , spla tte r , or oth er objectionable fea -
tures ( t he broadca st st ati on is r ecommend ed
 LAFAYETTE " I'

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by AMATEURS
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* TUBE LINEUP-6AU6 Oscillator. 6DQ6A Buffer. 2-6DQ6A-Final Amplifier.
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AND UNMATCHED VERSATILITY AT A SENSATIONAL LOW PRICE
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Rad io, De pt. 73C-l
.tlI..a- B..A.:J:» :J: <> ...., P.O. Box 190
165-118 LIBERTY AVENUE, JAMAICA 33, N. Y.
..
iI Jamaica 31 , New York ..

DT1tEllOClTIOKS iI Send me the FREE Lafayett.324 p'rl

.. 1961 catalol 810 *...

.. *
NEW YORK, N. Y.
100 6th Avenue
NEWARK, N. J.
24 Central Avenue
BRONX, N. Y.
542 E. Fordham Rd. ..
: Nam e . . _ _. ... ............................... ................. .
**
ic Address , , _............................. ............. :
PARAMUS, N. J.
182 Roote 17
BOSTON. MAss.
110 Federal Street
PLAINFIElD. N. J.
139 W. 2nd Street : City ............ . , Zone s t ate; *
..***********************
MARCH 1961 13 MAGAZIN E • 37
for t his test, s ince the cha r a cte r ist ics of it~ Fig. 7. Using half of a bUS t ube for the oscilla -
sig n a ls are more closel y controlled.} If you tor ond the other half os a miller. this circuit is
eepeble of ouhta nding perfo rmance et freq uen -
s pot trouble. repea t the test on a weak sig n a l. cies up t o 148 me. It req uires o nly one sta ;e of
If troubl e is apparent on ly on st r ong sig- rf amplificat ion ahead of it.
nals , th e A ve ci rcui t probably is at fault .
Most usu al cause of t h is difficulty is ind is-
criminat e tube s ubst it u t ion w ithout regard fo r
cut off c ha r a cte r ist ics ; a tube which goes dead 6UO
at 10 volts bias can't gi ve good results wh en
used on an A ve line developi ng 20 volts .
Double-check t he cutoff cu rves a nd values
fo r both t he old and the new tubes. If there's ~
::,......... ..• ::f
much difference , r ig voltage divider s using the
AV e r esi stors (RI, Fig. 1) a s the upper leg
of the divid er to cu t AV e voltage down to
] ".
II
,--'00"•0

size. Thi s usually cu res th e problem.

After fi nish in g t his test and any necessary
rework, go back and repeat the senait ivit y , ....._ _....... eo
test. You s hould , now, have no difficulty in
r ea ching the antenna-noi se level. Tune a cross
10, 15, or 20, and note the difference . Your
receive r now has what it takes, wh ere it counts
-up fron t!

Bibliography
I.a n l(ronl-S m ilh . R a d io t r o n n ""ill'nt>r ·,. He ndb....k. Foui-th
!': di t io n . -
Orr . W 6S AI. The Redt.. Handbook. 15t h t :diti"n . -
K y le. K flJKX . The S ·9.., M a r k II . CQ. M a y . 1 9 f1~1.
Kyl (>. K flJK X. M.. r e o n t ht> S-9t>r Ma rk II. C Q . Decemh-r,
1959. lht> Imp royt'd s-se-. C Q. AU J,::tI"t. Hl.-,Ii.
K j-le, K 5JK X. C a lW."od" nrtuits. 11 0 00' and Wh)", Elec- H fld lork. Duill' n ('on"iut>rllti"nli o r 5 11·\1 C'. t'en ...e r t e re.
t ron il' lI Wo rld . Sep t em be r. 1960. QST. Mn rch, 19 57 .
Feder-al T elephone and Rad io C".• Rf' fer"nr" Uala for Jones, W 6AJF. I."w .(~ro lill·;a lk S;:\-.\lrt t' r ('"nyuln.
Rad io ":nll"hl"t>U. 4th Ed ition.- ~ST. J un E'. 19 !t7 .
!'; a lltm a n . Fundam.ntalll or V a ruum Tub"".
Ca nter. W 6 T SQ. Th" S · 9u . CQ. Ma y . 1956. - A I·ai/a M... fr"m R ar/i,. Hook.llto f' .
- -- - - - - -

Don 't Bug Dad I •

Ke n Johnsen . W 6NK E

"THE O!"i LY g ood bug is a dead bu g," sa ys one ' the message. N ow that one of th ese de sirable
of the TV commercials. A little listening lit tl e doohinkies graces you r operating table
on the C W bands may convince u s that t h is a re you r eady to step up and master it ?
ru le should be applied t o ham radio too. Not You ca n an swer t his qu estion only after an -
so. Despite all of the horrible examples we sweri ng a couple of others. First, can you
heal' on t he air it is true that any opera tor, handle a st r a ig ht key sa t isfa cto r ily at twenty
can master t hese s lip pe r y cu stomers. If you \..-ords pel' minute? Second , ca n you m a ke solid
get the bug to use a bug get the bug'S out of copy at le ast t he sa me speed or better'? If th e
th e hug' before you bug people. 'WS W(' l" is yes to t hese two latter questions , it
The first co ns ide r a t ion, of course, is ",'hat will be yes to the first one . You a re now r ead y
kind of bug to buy. There are seve r a l fin e to t ake the sac red oa th and vow of a ll good
models on the ma rket which boils th e sit ua - bug twiddlers, Repeat after me .
tion down to your own personal preference in " I, Sam Lieberknocker," do take thi s oa t h
st yli ng, size and weight. Weight is an im- and vow that I forever more w ill keep thi s
pot-taut f a ctor since t here is nothing more little monster under cont rol at all t imes and
annoying than to ha ve th e bug go j umping ' never exceed the speed limit set by my own
around on your operating table from the f orce capabilities. Thi s, I swea r to on a stack of
of your fi st. You ca n a lwa ys sc r e w it down to TVI com pla ints."
the de sk top, but a properly weighted base Now th at thi s impressive ceremony is over
will r esult in one less hol e in your ex pensive a nd we have dried t he t ear s of emot ion fr om
ham shack furniture.
We 'll gloss over the dub iou s finan cial -In r-ase your n am e d Of. 1l n o t happen 10 be Sam Liebes-;
k nocker it i>l per-mis eab le to m ak e a r ellllu na bly a Cl'ura t e
h 1
st r -at egems you may ave . to emp o~ to promote su bst tt u t fon fi ll lo n g as y ou do not make an y "th ~ r
yourself to bug ownership and skip ahead tc ... .m odifil'atif>fl>l. huweve r s lht ht. o f t his ritual.

)8 • 13 MAGAZINE
 We Buy - Sell and Trade
HE ATH CO. oX -J5 . 45 .00
TEST EQUIPMENT G LO BE Chompion Model 350 ....... ..... . ....•... 345.00
( RECOND ITIONED ) ElOICO TR -7.5 TV, 50 wett . 29.00
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SIGN A L G EN ERATOR , TRIPLETT 3433. AM -FM., HEATH CO. OX· 40 , 60 -7.5 wolt . 58.00
100 k.c.-120 m.e . I 69.00 HEATH S8·1 0 , SSB odopter . 75 .00
SCOPE, Dum ont 208• .5 inch . 59.00 1 Mfd. .sooo v. oi l cond. . . _ . 2 .00
SIGNAL GENERATOR. f~" i s 188. 18-155 m.e . 49 .00 0 .4 Mfd. 4000 v. D.C., 1350 v , A.C . 4 .95
SCOPE, Navy RCA.3 inch ...... . . ....... ..•.... 29.00 Vo cuu m Variable Cond., 30-300 m mf. . 29 .00
FREQ. METER, LM., Navy type of B.C. 221 with
origina l Co lib. book & modu lation . 49.00
f REQ. METER. Some as above len CcUb. book .
SCOPE, Tektronix 511 ·A _
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SIGNAL GENERATOR, f ico 322, 150 k.c,·102 m.e, 22 .00 500 » , 0 .C. ·280 mo., 310 v. 0 .C. -180 mo., 22 v. 8io s
SCOPE, Heath .5 inch ... ... .....•.. . . .......... 35 .00 12 v . 0 .C.-2 omp ., new . S 35 .00
SIG NA L GENE RATO R, Navy -Triumph 13 1, 100 k.e.. 630 v. 0 .C.-230 mo., new . 28 .00
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SIGNAL G ENERATOIl, Clough-8rengle OCA, 100 k.e . SUPER-PRO power su pply by Hommorlund . 18 .00
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SIG. GEN. , 1·208, FM, 1.9-4 ..5 m.e. & 19-45 m .c . 45 .00 TCS, 12 v , in., 0400 v.-180 mo. & 220 v.- l 00 m o . 9 .00
FIlEQ. METEIl, 8.C. 338-A, 100-1.5.5 m.c . 45.00 PE -103, 6 o r 12 v. in., .500 v. ou t . 15.00
SIGNAL GENERATOR, Koy Megosweep . 69.00 PE· IOI , 12 o r 24 V . In., 400·800 v. o u l . 6 .95
WAV EMETER _OSC., OAP, 1.50- 230 m.e . 39 .00 LEEC E-NE VILL E, 6 v. _ . 35 .00
SIG . G EN. , IlCA 710 -A, 370 -445 m.c ., 4.50 ·500 m.c. 50.00 12 V • . . .. •. • . • .• • • .. . • • •• • • • • • • • 65 .00
8. F. OSC ., RCA 1.54, 30 -1.5,000 cy• .. . . • . . . . . . . . . . 29.00
SIGNAL GENERATOR , LAD, 2700-2900 m.c . " .00
RCA CHANA LYST, $4 5 .00,
m.c. .
VHF Converler 1.6 ·80
. 25 .00
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G. Il. 80.5-A, Stando rd Sig . Gen., 16 k.c.-SO m.c . 250.00 7.500 v , C. 1.-2.50 mo. $19 .00 .5000 v. (. T. -500 m a o 22 .00
G . Il. 916·A, Radio Fre q ue ncy 8r id g e . 175 .00 3200 v , C.T.- 3.50 mo. 18.00 1100 v. C.T.-300 mo . 3 .50
SIG. GEN ., Meosurements Corp. Mad. 7.5, 50 ·400 2.500 v. C.T.·300 mo., 2 .5 v.- IO om.o., 10
m. c. . . .......... ...........•..•.............. 150.00 2 .5 v. -l0A .,6v.· kv. _•...... . .... 2 .95
8A 7 .95 1.5 V . C.T.-30 am p . 7."
29.00
CONSTAN T VOLTAG E TRA NSF., .500 wott .
1400 v. no C.T. 100 m o ., 6 v.-4 omp., use tw o : or
RECEIVERS 1400 v.·200 mo . fu ll wove ... . . .• . . . . . _. . . 2 o r 6 .50
I RECO N DITIO NED) 8.50 -e , C.T.-4.50 mo., 750 -e , C.T.-2oo mo., and
6 v.- 2 amp., .5 v.-3 omp., .5 v.-6 omp. . ... 4 .50
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HQ ·129-X $125.00 N.C.-98 . 85.00 fo r 1100 v.-2oo mo. f ull wave 2 for 5 .50
N.C.· 12.5 115 .00 SX-28 . 95.00 MO DUL ATiO N TRAN Sf ., 200 wo tt mu ltimotch . 18 .00
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S·38-E 39.00 S-.53-A indo 6 mtr.
HAMMARLUND SUPER: PRO with 11 0 v , A.C. supply
58.00
110.00
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S·27, AM-fM, 27-14.5 m.e., 11 0 v . 75 .00 G .E. 25 wo tl omolifier, 6 tube . I 15 .00
4.50 m.c., FM, RCA C IlU-1A, new . 40.00 T8S Rece iver, 60-80 rn.c., 11 0 v .- 518 .00 , Xmitte r . . 24 .00
GONSET COMMUNICATOR III , 6 m lr . 189.00 ARC.3 llmitter, receiver, suppl y, ee e t. bOll . 75 .00
GONSET G -33, .5-3 4 m .c., new ......•.•....•.... 85 .00 DAE-l : D.f. receiver ond loo p ..... ...•. .... .•.. 3.1.00
8. C. 344-0, 1.50-1.500 k.e., 11 0 v , . . 49.00 CO LLI NS t ype P.T.O., 600-800 k.c . .. . . . . . . . . . • . . 19.00
RAO·2, .3- 17 m.c., 11 0 v . 39 .00 8.C. 645, llm itter -re c., fo r 420 m.c. . . 19.00
IlBM, 2 -20 rn.c , 110 v . 49.00 fREQ . SHIFT ADAPTO R, RCA -CfA ·4.5, new . 65 .00
APR.4, 38-1000 m .c . 125.00 P.M. speoker, no vy outdoor t yp e , 10" dia., co se . . 7 ."
GONSET M081LE CON VERTER, 10-20 ·15 ml r . 24 .00 LINK, )l(mitter-re ceiver, 1.50 m .c., xte l . 35.00
IlME, MC-.53 M08ILE CON VERTEIl, 2 -6-10 mlr . 29.00 .500 wott vertce, 110 V . or 220 V • • •• • • •• • . • • • • • • • 12.00
GO NS ET MOB ILE CONVE RTER, 3 ·30 m.c . 24 .00 APIl -l / APR.4 Tu' s, 40·90 m .c.·5 18.00, 300-1000 m .c. 24 .00
SONA Il MO BILE Il ECEI VER, 10 -20 -7.5 mtr . 29 .00 8.C. 375 t un ing u n its, new-53.50, used ; . 2 .50
GONSEl M081 LE CONVEIlTER, 6 mfr. _ . 24.00 freq . me'er, No v y LM type, new but Incomplete,
GO NSET MOBILE CONV., 1.6-4 m.c. & 3 .6-6 m.c . 24.00 le ss cover co nd., lllol, tubes • .•... - . . • .. • . • . . . . 9.00
CENTRAL ELECTRONICS DQ, Q m ultipl ier . 24.00 CO A X, RG-B/U .52 ohms, 50 ft. w ith 2 p lug s, new
DRAKE Q ' X'er, Q mult iplil'r . . . .. • . . . . .. . .. .. . . .. 19.00 se o led pocks . 4 .50
TBY Xmitter · lle c. or T8 X . 24 .00
TG-34 · A Keye r 524 .00, Instruct og ro p h . 18 .00
TRANSMITTERS Si9nol generators, 1·72 , 100 k.c.·32 m.e. . . .. • . .. . . .
Teletype receiver, Incl. 11 tubes & pow e r supply ..
19.00
24 .00
( RECO N DITI O N ED I Wilco)l( re ce ive r, F· 3 or CW-3 ..• .. .• .•.• .••.. .. .. 19.00
LAKESHOR E Pho se ma sfe r II with VFO . . . ... . . .•. . $225.00 RU-16 re ce iver with 6 lub e s . 4 .95
JOHNSO N Viking Chollenger •. • ..... .. ... ... . . .. 99.00 B. C. AR-231 receive r wi th 6 tubes · 4 .95
WRL Globe Chief . . • • . • • • • • • • • • . . • . . .. . . .. .. ... 49 .00 R.f . Wo ttmete r, 15 /60 wott, AN /URM -43A . 30.00
HEATH CO. oX -100 . • .. . • . . ... . . . . . . . . . . ... . .. _ 160.00 D.F. re ceiver MN -26 o r 8 .(.-433 ........ . .......• 15.00
SONAR CFe, Exciler-VFO, 80-40 mtr _. _ . 25.00 8 .(. 906-0 f re q . meter, 1.50-225 m.c..•... ........ 7 .95

Price s ere ba sed on {eir- reletlve value s. some it e ms Me new e nd some Me used .
Encl ose s uffi c jen ~ po ste q e . e_c ess wilt be retu rned.

F. 0 B. He mp ste ~d -25 % wit h C . O . D. ord e rs.

PHONE IV 9·0808

ALCERADIO CO. 37 GREENWICH ST., HEMPSTEAD, N. Y.

MARC H 19b1 73 MA G AZINE • 3q

-
our eyes, let's get to work. First, blow some
of the heavier encr ustations of dust off old
code osci lla tor. Hook the bug to it and plug
it into the wall socket. \Vh oops ! There went
t he fu se! Now just replace it and the fried
filter condenser.
Once you have t he oscillator worki ng it is
time to ad j ust your bug'. F ir st , check t he ad-
j ust ment of the pivot bearings on t he dot arm-
a t u re. These should be loose enough to allow
the arm to move freely in a horizontal direc-
tion between the two stops but there sh ould
be very lit tl e vert ical play. Next , move t he
weig hts ou t t o the end of t he dot armature
and tighten them secu r ely. Loosen the right
hand dot armature stop adju stment. Operate
the armature with your left hand and set the
stop so that when the p addle of the bug is re-
lea sed , t he a r mat ure damper st ops all a rma -
ture vibration at t he in stant it comes to re st
agains t the sto p. Screw down the locknut and
take a drag on your. cig a r ette. Relax, you
should never have to make this adju stment
agai n. Now set t he left hand a rmature stop
so th at the ti p of the armatu re t ravels in ap-
prox imately a half inch arc.
\Vith th e dot armature pushed over against
the left hand stop, screw the adju stable dot
contact up until it touches the spr ing contact.
Check to see that th ey align perfectly, t hen
back the adj ustm ent off again. Operate the
dot armature and adjust the contacts until
you can hear approximately ten good clean
dots before the armature quits bouncing. Lock
the adjustment and relax again. Set the da sh
cont act s pa cing and spring tensions to your
liking and we're ready to g ive the lit tle ra scal
a tri al twiddl ing.
The- proper way to handle the paddles is up
to: you. Of course, there's no way out of using
your t humb on the dot s ide. Fo r the da sh
side, pick a fi nger that's handy and comfort-
able a nd relax your arm. The secr et of good
clean sendi ng on your bug is to keep your
arm and wrist relaxed and use a smoot h com-
bination of wrist and finger motion, plus
rhythm. A good exercise is to sit and practice
sen ding a se r ies of V's.
F O R TH E FI R ST TI ME ..•
In six attractive , permanent
colors with simple direct ions ~=;;~~~
for apply ing . Unequal ed in \
appearance. Ideal gift . For
can, doors , equip., boats.
plenes, etc . Beautiful design
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af state fer Canadian and ..::::::-- ~=­
DX Amateurs.
40 • 73 MAGAZINE
Fire up your receiver and tu ne around on
the commercial freq uencies until you fi nd a
s ta t ion r unning arou nd twenty to twenty-five
words per minute wi th tape sending. If you
happen to have the type of receiver that tunes
only the ham bands, don't be d iscouraged ,
t here are ple nty of commer cials u sing t hese
freq uencies too .
Nov..· that you've found on e, listen to the
dots. Cock your ot her ea r t oward your oscil-
lator and punch th e dots on your bug. Adju st
the weights on the dot armature until they are
t he sa me speed a s the ta pe. If t hey seem too
heavy or light after th is maneuver, a slight
adj ust me nt of th e spa cing between the dot
cont a cts will remedy thi s. Of course, if you
are lucky enough to have your own tape ma-
chine, you can forget about the above system
an d check your b un ag ainst its sendi ng. W e
all know t hat a da sh is s up posed to be three
times a s long a s a dot. Remember this and
get your la test copy of "73" off the shelf and
practice sending t ext from it. Try to make
your fi st a s identical a s you ca n to t a pe se nd -
ing and don 't worry about picki ng up speed.
On e of the common faults of some bug tw id-
dlers is that they send their dots at sixt y
wpm and their dashes a t twenty. Speed will
come with pr-actice.
You 've no doubt not iced that between us we
haven't eve n menti oned trying your bug out
on the air. I know you're anxi ous to give it a
whirl bu t please think of the guy who would
ha ve to try and unscramble your fir st efforts.
Listen arou nd for awhile and you'll find the
ty pe of cha racter who ha s learned to sen d
CQ and his call very n eatly on hi s bug. Th en
listen to what happens when he comes back
to a call. li e sends 6·s for d's and b's, i-n for
t, etc.• etc. The point is that you certainly have
more respect for you r repu tat ion a nd th at of
your st at ion than to get on the a ir before you
can handle yours. It may be boring but keep
at it with the oscilla tor an d practice, but t he
practice you get in t his manner will make the
di fference bet ween the s mile of appreciation
whe n an other ham t une s you r sig na l or h a ving
him la ugh a s he tunes aw ay from "that Li d !"
Your Call and home state
in a single custom decal!
Price tor either design $1.95
each. Add 4% tax in Calif.
Approx. size H '4 " x 9 '" . Mailed
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please. Enclose cheek or
~
r. "(~iI M.D. Designate world design
if desired . Ask for quote on re-
4 ,1 producing your club insignia .
at

ZIMeo
THEFT ALARM
URits line 6 posit. bp ,.itt..
,,,teet 'Iur "Ifi, lur mOllllt!d DI ceramic cDil finn ,
10 cars, hats Jlld trucks Mod. 4/111 dnicned for ne
win- lime.'s "'r,lu r with two B07's Dr 6146's (in par-
,roof situ ,'arm. Unit allel). Freq. Range 3.5 to 211.1 me;
consists of ~amllu proof siren ..nd Jatcllina: relay, key-operated Mod. 4/112 is dl!Sicned for us.
on/off SWitch and 6 push button alum switches See QST with single 801 or 6146. Handles
Jan. ~61. Pile 27. • up to 60 w. Range: 3.5 to 29.7 me.
Complele kit. 12 VDe 59 95 Mod. 4/111 or 4/112 , nch $4.95
S, 24, 32 VDe & 115 VAC models
..., .-
anilaille '" ,.ecial order•

PRECISION PlANETARY.VERNIER
far exceptionally fine tuning
24 HOUR CLOCK
Superb craftsmanshIp by Jackson Bros.
at Eneland. Ball bearing drive, V4" 24 hr. chrome plated I"
dla. shaft. lV," long. 6:1 ratio, metll waii crock. Inner dill
Vy n for fine tuning. Easily adapt· with south polar proJection
able to any shllt. Comparable map of world Indicates time
~:::~~Y~'I:u:e - $5.15,
around world. Polar proJec·
tren dial adjustable for varl·
• Amateur Net $1.50 ea. ous time zones. ShPI. wt.
Shown 10 for $13.50 2 Ibs.
3Pproximatelyactual Amateur net S8.47
tax inc.
220V. SO cycl e model. .•.•• .• • ••. 9.95

COMANCHE
SIGN
Controllable, illuminated
sill that tells the XU
and laests Jau're traes-
Can ;;~_:.;:.:.::~~~~~
"Wonder Bar" 10 Meier Antenna MiWII. Cats
lI.cklTla" ORM.d OWIf
As featured in Hoy. 1956 OST. Complete with B It. W III,. ript ilt, nil of altena
3013 Mlnlductor. Only, It. long for 10 meters. cllalle-"er rtilY fir cntrolled
Wt. Sibs, "ON THE IIR" sillf.1 wlln XMTG. RelY)' laule .11 steel u.
Amateur Net $7.85 smcliol wiD Ilandsome IIlack or Iray hked filislt. Cia tie lied
01 desk" blllet.p " maullled directly '1 w.lI. DilleuiDIS 11W
"ICI 31/2" lIilll I 3" deep. Specify desired filis' il bllck If ITt)'
Versalile Miniature Transformer Ind operatine nltaee: Ii or 12 VOC, or 110 IC.
Amateur net
$6 •9 5
Same as used in W2EWL SSB Rl( - March
1956 QST. Three sets of CT windings for
a combination of Impedances: 600 ohms,
5200 ohms, 22000 ohms. (By using eenter- MAil ORDERS PROMPTLY PROCESSED
taps the impedances are ouartered.) The
Ideal t"nsformer for a SSB transmitter. SAME DAY SHIPM~NT FROM STOCK
Otller uses: rnterstase, transistor, high
Impedance choke, line to grid or plate,
etc. Size only 2" h. I ¥4" W. I ¥,," d.
New and fUll, shielded.
Amateur Net SI.39
3 lor S3.49 10 lor S10.75
IRROW Authorized distributor of HEATHKIT equipment
..
A Voricop
Tun ing Device
For the Blind 0 perotor
F RO~I time to time variou s devices have been
rigged up to make it possible for the blind
operator to tune hi s transmitter. The basic
problem is always to furnish an audible sig na l
that will indicate maximu m or m ini mum cur-
rent norm a lly noted visually on a mete r. Si nce
t he advent of modern t r ansmitter s t ha t switc h
a single met er, in ma n y mo de ls w ith t he mete r
on t he ground side, to severa l circu its t he
problem has become less complex.
The unit to be described in this article cen-
ters around the Varicap and a few other small
components. w e will a ssume the tran smitter
to be u sed ha s a basic meter movement of
0 - 1 ma , a s th is is very common. If such is
not the case modi fy R to a va lue th at w ill
h a ve about 2 volts IR drop a cro ss it f or f ull
sca le met er r eadi ng . The fo llowing circu it w ill
make ope ration of t his device a lmost self
evident.
wi t h a maximum of 2 volts IR drop across
R it can be see n the voltage applied to the
Varicap will vary from 1 to 5 volts depending
on the magnitude and polarity of the current
to be mea sured . Since t he voltage a ppl ied to
t he V a r icap determines the cap acity of th e
Vat -i cup it w ill a lso t u ne t he B F O of the r e-
ceiver an d hence ch a nge t he p itch of t he note
if t he receiver is t uned to a ny fi xed carrier.
O peration
After the components have been installed ir;
the receiver, t une to a ny fixed carrier. with the
BF O t ur ne d on and pitch control t uned t o
midrange, a djust whatever parallel contr ol
t here may be, (ca pacitor w ith screw driver ad-
just or varia ble slug) u ntil the beat note
zeros . T he receiver is now back to normal. Now
tu ne the pitch control 150 or 200 cycles on the
high s ide. Plug t he metering cord into the con-
nection in transmitter which will put R in
series with basic meter movement. Energize
low power stages a nd turn switch to amplifier
gri d. If a ny g rid cur rent is being dra wn a t a ll
the pitch of t he BFO will increa se. The higher
42 • 73 MAGAZ INE
Rob ert E. Belrd W 7C SD
Box 2381 Oretec h Bre ac h
Kleme th Fa lls. O reqcn
r-<> .. ... <>-;:)
...AR ICAP
2 5 1ll H
'1C4 7
'--<> ..... 0---+
PITCH CO" TI'IOl.
I" R CVR O R
,\C ROM PART
0 " GRID CII'ICUIT
TO IllE TER
I" KW T I'I
( SU HES)
t he current t he highe r the p itch w ill be. T une
for ma ximu m pit ch wh ich w ill be maximum
g r id cu rre nt. N ow tu r n switch to amplifier
pla t e and t u ne for m inimu m p itch. Minimum
pit ch will ind ica t e m inimum plate cu rrent.
Note
In case it is not known which is the low or
h igh frequency side or in case you wired
the Va r ica p and battery u si ng reversed po-
la r ity it m a y be desir abl e t o get visua l a id th e
first time. Wh ich ever side w ill g ive a n in-
crease in p itch w ith an in crea se in cu rrent an d
a decr ea se in pi tch with a decrea se in current
is the proper s ide to u se. \Vit h a little prac-
tice a blind person will be able to tune as
close by ea r a s others can by eye. Sensitiv ity
is a functio n of how far off zero you tune the
BFO a nd also the s ize of the variable ceram ic
capacito r i n ser ie s with t he Vari cap. A li t tle
ad justment of both may be necessary.
The ill ustra tion shows t he components in
pla ce directly on the arid of t he BFO on a n old
lIRO. " 'i r ing wou ld be eq ually s imple on a ny
comm un ications receiver.
C aution
Don 't try to use thi s circuit if your trans-
m itter is met er ed in the h igh voltage side of
t he circuit.
MARCH 1961
Noise Clipper

Semi-Conductor Style
A I Newland W2 1HW
EVANS OFFERS
COMPLETE SERVICE
the current t ren d towards miniaturi-
W IT H
zatio n a nd the a ttract ive pr ice of s ilicon
• To HAMS - - • By HAMS
(12 licensed e mpl o ye e s)
diodes, we now can co nst r uct a sm a ll inexpen- • EQUIPMENT a nd COM PON ENTS
sive sem i-cond uct or noi se clipper. A s sh ow n (Hom - He ctr c ni c • Ele ctri cal)
in F ig. 1, the pre-fabricated clipper is s m a ll • TRADE · INS
enough to conveni ently fit i nto a printed circuit (o n new or used units)
t ype radi o. If you do not care fo r the pre-fab- • TIME PAYM ENTS
ricated version, you may wire t he component s jrle ..ibl e , finonced ourselves)
in directly, a s they are all sm a ll and se lf sup - • ENG IN EE RING DEPARTMEN T
porting. (bac king a ll equ ip men t sa les)
In selecti ng the diode, we are interested in • RECONDITION ED EQUIPM ENT
its back r esist ance and a value of a t least 100 largest in ven to ry in the Northeast
megohms is desired . T he back resistance may • EXP ERIENC E· • • 26 years as :
be ca lcul a ted by di vidi ng the P IV by the ba ck
current . T he two latter values can be obtain ed "YOUR FRIENDLY SUPPLIER"
from the publi shed cha r a cte r ist ics of t he diode .
\Ve mention t he foregoin g to p reven t the build-
er from s pe nding unn ece ssary time looking for
t he exact diode that we used .
It is s ugg ested t hat th e va lue of t he capaci-
tor C1 be found e xperim entally aft er the un it
is in o pe r a t ion . A valu e between .001 and
.005 is s ugg ested . In the schem a t ic, we show
a .005. In t he photo of th e actual u nit , a .001
is show n . In cr e a sin g t he value will incr ea se the
clipping- a ction. Excessive clipping will clip
too much audi o. If you desire t o make provi-
l CUT THIS OUT'
si ons for s w it ch ing the clipper in and out,
a s ingle pole single throw sw itch connected W ell , you d on't rea lly have t o cut this page.
a cross t he di ode is s a t isf a ctor y. W hat we want you to do is let us know which
N ote : The unit show n in photo is l "x % ". 73
articles In 73 you found most interesting .
W inner gets edra money and all that. Helps
us give you whot you li ke in the future too.
Num ber at Ieest t he fi rst five best liked articles.
,,,..---- ----, I
DETECTOR
................. ...........
, I
,
, I
,
,1-
,.J'' - - Tra nsl<'lt ion --Sq uaw k Box
I - -Xsisto r G OO
- - I a n Interfer
--Up Front
- -Don't Bug
--~S u p e r re g e n --V<'Iric<'lp
T= - -De bug ging - - Noise Li m
- - 8 0M DXing
- -Top Load ing
- - CW Xmissio n - - DC Me te r Amp
VOL.... - -All Band Ant - -Moto rol a Test
CONTROL
--IDouble PS V. - - Propagotio n
- -Po tch Petch --Sine YB
- - ,432 me Xsistcr - -Save- Lee rn
- -2M Xmlr - -F;le QSO',
L -' -+A""'"
1
\
'"" >

MARCH 1961 73 MAGAZI NE • 43


Sam Harris WI FZJ, Chief Op at W IBU
"CQ IlX80:' This is a familiar ca ll heard on
the low end of the 75 meter phone ban d d ur-
ing- the winter seas on. Usually one th ink s of
DX on 75 meters to mean a contact two s ta tes
away, but we mean a cont act in excess of 3000
miles such a s Europe or Asia or some far
exot ic country. In ot he r words OX on 75 meters
mean s the same a s it does on 20 or 15. Working
OX on 75 takes a s pecial type of operation,
if you want to work OXCC as fa st as pos-
s ible t hen you had better st ick to 10, 15 or
20; but if you are interested in doing it the
hard way, 75 is your band. If you are inter-
es ted in working DX r eliably, it is very de-
s ir able to ha ve some so r t of vertical antenna
and medium to high power, Although when
conditions are good almo st any antenn a con-
fi g u r at ion will produce excellent r esult s.
A great deal of exp erimenting- ha s gone in to
75 meter DX anten nas both for tra nsmitting-
and r ecei ving. T o date the most sa tisf actory •
all-rou nd a ntenn a h as been a sl oping vertical
antenna. I n or der to cons t r uct thi s antenna
you mu st have one high ma st preferabl y in
the 100 foo t region, a nd st r ing' a di pole to-
ward s the groun d at a 30° to 40° angle. If
necessa r y, because of li mit a ti ons in height,
the dipole may have loading coils at the ends.
This type of antenna will be directive towards
t he low end with a front-to-hack ratio of 15
to 25 db depending upon the angle of the r e-
ceived s ig na l. It ha s been fo und that a tru e
vertical ha s t oo Iow an angle for most 75 met er
DX work . T he sta nda r d 75 meter (quarte r
wave) high fl at d ipole un der most conditions
will do qui t e well.
:\lost of t he European st ations oper ate fr om
3780 to 3800 a ltho ugh if r equested they will
go down into t he CW band about 3600 kc. The
44 • 73 MAGAZINE
80 Meter
Phone DX
Fred Collins WI FRR
Microwave Associate s, Inc.
Bu rl ington, Mess.
Sout h Afri can st at ions operate between 3690
and :WOO. Th e New Zealand, A ustralia, Cen-
tral a nd South American boys are a pt to ap-
pear anyw here from 3HOO kc all the way up
to and including our phone band. F or the
most part the Un it ed States st a tions transmit
between 3800 and 3830 kc on lower s ideba nd.
Most of t his work is done on aingle sideb and
using lower sideba nd, but is n ot necessary
limited to SS B as ma ny of the DX stat ions
worked are operating AM a nd have a good de al
of success. A receiver with select a ble sideba nds,
good select ivity and sensit iv it y is almost a
necessity due to t he very high interference on
the DX st at ions frequ ency.
T he received s ig-na ls usually ra nge from S l
to S8, therefore some sor t of notch filter or
Q m ultip lier is qu ite helpf ul in eli min ating
dead carriers and C\V st at ions that appear in
the form of interference. As far a s eliminat-
ing A:\I or SSB interference th ere is not mu ch
•
Ga rland Tomlin KIIDR and his medium power
OX final amplifier
MARCH 19b1
 tha t can be do ne about it if it's in t he passband
exce pt sha r pe n up the rece iver and try to II 'I N E SURPLUS PARTS
ignore it.
(I) Choke 8 B y. 500 ~ I a. 2500 v. test
The European st a t ions have been coming II. S. Chicago Tran S5.oo
throug-h i n the late afternoon around 2100 Choke 0.83 lI y 2% AlIlI). Tepped , . 2.75
GMT t hroug-h 0800 GMT. Whe n the E uropean s Adj us ta ble Choke SA Hy. .75
st a r t coming- t hroug-h it is s t ill dayligh t he re 16 H y. SO rna. St a ncor C- IO03 .60
and of course it's well into the evening there. (2 ) P ower T r an s. 215 v. :30 mu. 6.3 v.
Because of t his lig-ht and dark zone a type 1.5 A. 11.5. . . . . . . • . . . . .. . . .. . .. .. 1.93
lJ.T.C. A-IS Inte rstage 1.00
of one way s kip is quite a ppa re nt . About one (3 ) Power Tram. 300-0-300 v, 135 ma o
hour after su nset they are abl e to st a r t hear- S \'. 2A, 6.3 v, 3.6A . .. .. ... .. . . 1.93
ing u s . T h is one-way sk ip is ca used by the (4) Scope Tran sfor mer, 2750 v. 6 mu.,
nu mbe r of t imes ou r s ig na ls mu st get re flected 220-0·220 v, 224 ma., l.35 v. 8 mao
in the high absorption lig-ht area versus t he 11 .5 . oil filled _.... .... 3.00
long rela tively low absor-ption dark area they
are I n.
The results obta ined i n the pa st few years '
DX test s h a ve been ve ry g r atify i ng indeed.
\VIB U work ed \ VA e in t he course of one
e ve ning t ha nks to 4X.J.DK a ppea r ing on 80
meters SSB . Early evening skeds have been
held with GW3 E IlI-:, F7HC, GW5TJ and sev- 100 1If. 400 \-, Electrolyti c, plug-in
eral ot her E uropea ns with good s uccess. 1- for . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l.eo
W IB U and \V I F OS h a ve been h old ing la t e Vuriahle Ca p. 5-ganA: 400 uuf per
sccno n 2.00
schedules with G2 IlX, PAffFM, GW3E HN, Tubes: 2E25 l.50 446A 4 for 1.00
G6VX, D I~P I, YV5ANS, ON~ZA, 4X4DK, Sen d fo r our neIL' catalog.
UAID2 and many ot he r thi s la st winter with f O B C1~y~lond , O . Add 3 % tex in Ohio
WBACV
only one or two except ions . ZC4 A K has been
4722 Memphis AYe .
coming t hrough from Cyp r u s with fai l' s ig- JEFF-TRONles Cle yelond 9 , Oh io
nal s. ZLI ACG and ZL2A IX with good s ig na ls De p t. A4
have been heard and worked con si stently any-
71011: •• $2 9 9 5 " EICO " GOO Kit #71 0·K
tim e after 0500 Z. ZS6Al\lV, ZS6AJ H and TEM - 6 . $2•' 50 Woys ond 0 50ms b ook, " 101
to use your Hom T~ sl
ZS6K D ha ve come through with fair sig na ls. Equ ip ment." This b ook hO I 6 7 poges on ho w t o
UIC th e G OO
If your in terest ha s bee n aroused a nd you He re i : m y DEA L b o th o f ebeve 5 31. 45 Pre -p cld
don 't mind working fo r your DX drop in on 10 you
Dele W9NZJ /ex W BGDE
the low end of 75 and try your hand at it.
We su r e could u se more DX s ta tion s on 80 Dale' s Electro n ic S " fl lll" Co .
1125 Eo sf Mich igon St r~~1
phone. CU on 75. . . . \VI FRR M ICH IG A N CIT V. INDIANA

with

Send f or (o r, at yo ur d istr ibutor), PL 77 Techni-

cal Speci f icat ions an d Perform ance Bull et in de-
sc ribi ng 10 6 Ant en nas f ro m % th rou gh 80 meters
incl udi ng " BAL UN"- FED ROTATA BLE DIPOLES,
MONO, DUO, TRI . 4 ·BAND AND " SPIRALRAY"
ANTE N NAS. ROTATOR/I N DICATOR SYSTEMS,
TOWER S, BR OAD·BAND "BALUNS ," ACCES·
SORIES AND " NI CE · TO · HAVE · AROU ND · YOUR·
SHACK" INFO.
For TOP·MAN·ON· ANTE NNA S C o mmun ic ation a n d TV A ntennas

\
THE·FREQUENCY results, ••
Install a Telrex anten na . .. dollar for
doll ar better in eve ry way! Antenn a
SI NC E
1921 rex LABORATORIES
systems from $6.95 t o $1 2 ,000 .00 ASBURY PARK 40, NEW JERSEY, U.S.A.

MARCH 1961 73 MAGAZINE • 45

-
A Transistorized
DC Meter Amplifier
RAGrICALLY everyone has an inexpensive
P0 -1 rna meter around the sh a ck or in the
junk box. By using this sim ple ampl ifier cir-
cu it t he sensitiv ity can be increased to 10
mic roamps f ull scale, a nd th e zero can be ad-
just ed to the cen ter or right end a s well as
the u sual left en d. B y a dd ing a fe w selected
m ultiplier res istors and a ra nge swi tc h a volt-
meter with 100,000 ohm s/volt can be quickly
a ssembled. Or, if u sed with the capacity meter
in the October '60 issue, a s low a s 10 mmfd
full sca le can be measured. Field Strength
meters al so benefit by the addition of a linear
current amplifier with a gai n of 100.
The circuit is the f amiliar b alan ced ampli-
fier, w ith the addit ion of bot h pos iti ve and
neg a t ive fe edback. T he positi ve f eedback ob-
tained w ith Rl and R3 in Fi g. 1 increases the
gai n of the circu it by a sli gh t amou nt to com-
pensate for transi stors which have a bit less
gain than desired. Negative feedback is pro-
vided by R4 and R6 and is controlled with R5
to set the gain to exactly 100. The two tra n-
sistor s are first select ed a s closely matched
as is conve nient for Bet a and Ic O. Fu r ther
bala nci ng- is done w ith R3 and R2 . R2 is also
used to set th e ze ro posi tion of the pointer.
T he battery, Bl, can be a r eg ul ar or penli ght
fla shl ight cell, s ince the circuit is relatively in-
se nsit ive to wide changes in the voltage. Zer o
drift with a temperature change fr om 75" F
ZERO SET
0-1",,,
'"0' TRI- TR2
2N138A
"' 0'
BALA N'CE
"
'00 "roc
4b • 73 MAGAZ IN E
Roy A . M cC <'.lrt hy. K6EAW
737 W. Mexrim Ave.
Fu llerton . C a lif.
to 115" F was less than ten percent.
The tran si stors u sed were a pair of 2N l38's
with Bet a of 130 and l eO of 6 u A. Other su it-
able types would be the Raytheon 2N467 or the
General E lectric 2N508.
A n inex pensive t rim pot was used fo r R5
s ince it is a " set a nd f or g et " control. A screw-
dr iver adj u st pot was used f or R3 since it is
also a set-up control. The zero set , R 2, and the
switch 8 1 are all that are requ ired to be u sed
in normal operation, and could be combined
if desired. TR1 and TR2 should be mounted
close together and away from any sources of
heat if t he ampli fier is mou nted in a ny ex ist-
ing vacu um t ube gear. T he m eter u sed had a
resi stance of al most exactly 100 ohms. Use of
me te rs w ith a different r esistan ce ma y r equ ire
adding a sl ight am oun t of fi xed res istance in
series in order to avoid changing the other
circu it constants . Obv iou sly the iron-va ne type
meters which require seve r al volts for opera-
tion cannot be used .
:\' othing is ever obtained free and the h id-
den price he r e is the increase in im peda nce.
T he ci r cuit tu r ned out to have an input i m-
pedance of 8400 ohms, a s co mp ared t o the
or iginal 100 ohms of the basic met e r move-
me nt . F or a current gai n of 100, we h ave the
impedance increa se of a lmost 100. A ctu al
measured voltage sensitivity was 84 mv at
10 p'a full seale, which is still much better than
a popular 100,000 ohm /volt multi meter.
T he init ial set -u p consists of setting R3 to
a pproximately 10K, adj usting R 2 to g ive a n
on - scale readi ng, t hen shorti ng the input
a nd noting the r ead ing. R emove t he short , set
sr U:3 to t he noted read ing, t h en se t R2 t o zero
the met er and apply a known cu rrent or volt-
age. A separate fla sh light cell and a 300K
ohm resistor will su p ply 5 ua . R 5 is then ad-
:"'- 8 1 justed to give the deaired gain for 10 IJ-a or
- l 5_
• 6 ",,,
..... 5 fla . The controls have some interaction so
nil adju stments should be repeated several
times until the circuit is bala nced and cali-
bru ted . Th e in put im pedance s houl d be a llowed
1'0 1" in cnlcu lu t.l ng low voltage multi plie rs . 73
MARCH 19b1
 COAXIAL TYPE SWITCHES
. . . now available in single or multi-position
N ow }'OU ca n switch coaxial line circuits quickly and
without e rro r. T hese handy, inexpensive uni ts a re
available with " UH F", " B NC', "N" a nd Ph ono type
connectors [or use with either 52 or 75 ohm lines.
Phono connector types are specifi c for Hi-Pi applica-
tions. Othe r types a re des igned to handle RF Power
up to 30 M e, 1 K W input.
•
Stock items ready for shipment a re:
Model SSOA-S i n g r ~ gang, single pele, 5 position switch
with UHF connectors. Pr ice : $8.25 eoch,
Model 551A- Si ng l. gang. 2 pole, 2 position special purpose
switch w it h UHF co nne cto rs . Id e al f o r swit ch ing a ny d ev ice
in o r ou t of series connection in COOl( line cir cuits. Price :
$7 .95 e o ch.
Model 560-5 in91. gong, sing le pole• .5 position swit,h. some
as Model 550A ex,ept with aNC type een neetere. P, k e :
S11.95 eeeh,
Model 561- Single go ng. 2 pcle, 2 position special purpose
switch. same a s Model 55 1A except with aNC t ype co n-
nectors. Price : $9.95 each.
Model 570--Sing le ga ng. single pole. 5 pos ition switch, sa me

13adut s qy~. ci~.

a s Model 550A exce pt with N t ype connectors. Price :
$13.35 each.
Model 580--Sing le ga ng, s ing le pole, 5 positio n switch,
same as Model 550A except with Pho no type connectors.
P,ice : $7.35 e e eh,
Mult iple ga ng types, up to 6 gan g for single pole-5
posit ion switches. a nd as requ ired fo r 2 pole-2 posi-
tion switches. a rc made to order with any connector
types listed above. Prices on request.
Ca nal & Beaver • Bristol , Penna.
For. irn Sl ln-Royll H,Itionl l Colp., 1SO West ~ 1tll st., N_ YOlk 19, N.Y.
OTHER B&W EQUIPMENT: Trl nsmitt. r, AM ·CW·SSB • Tun' ~tor iled Pow!'\'
COll v"I", I nd lllVlfl. rs • Dip MII.iS • M..tchmasl.n • FI'QuIMY Muttipl 'lf'
• low PISS f illers . T.R S..." ,hes . R.F. fil ..mltll Chokes . rr..nsmittin. R.F.
Pili' Chokes . B.nd_Sw;tctlin. Pi·N. IWl)lk Induclors • Cydom.I.rs . Anl.nn.
COll i.1 Connectors . Baluns Vlrilble C.p",ilon . Toroidal Trlnslorm.rs . FIled
and Rolary edalWOu nd Indlldoll • PIII. -in Coils with Iixed iJ nd vlliiJbl.links •
Stniaht l yp. l ir Wl)lInd (Oils in I ••, "",v 01 dimen'ions.

A COMPLETE 6 OR 2 METER RECEIVER

f or on ly
$ 95

including built-in I 10 volt AC power supply and loudspeaker

• Only 3 inches high, compl etely e nclose d in ca binet
• exce llent se ns itivi ty with sta ble, sc pe rreq e ne reflve detector
• RF stage fo r incre esed sensiti vity an d enten ne lsoletion
• re ceiver mut ing sw itc h for ste ndbv-re cei ve
• fully tren sfcrme r ope ra ted
• fe e teres d e pe nda b ility e nd steble ope ration
• kit incl udes pre- tuned coils for e ese of cons truction
• q uelitv componen ts used t hro ug ho ut assure d epe ndability
Mode l SOS A (s ix meters) or Model SObA (two mete rs) kit, complete with ste p-
by-step co nstruct ion ma nu al ,. ., - . $29.95
Mod e l SOSA o r Mod el SObA , wired , factory tested . 49.95
Ne il Model ALPH A six meter transmitter ki t , feat ure s fi nest qu ali ty modu-
lati on, crystal switchi ng, front panel controls, tuni ng mete rs, cabinet 3 inc hes
high, 20 watts inp ut, lo w freq uency oscillator not ove rto ne type . 58.50
See your d ealer or order from:
THE NEIL CO. 1336 Calkins Road, Pittsford, N. Y. • Baker 5·6170
MARCH 19b 1 13 MAGAZINE • 47
 20lC S W
0:="1/ ::
o--J I :.
0-'"
( ?O =:',0

4 711I lWATT
0 6
,0 = -.\A
,
... ,,
47MlWATT

,
-- -.
,
SPEAKER

M otorola Test
Set T BE unit pictured is a handy gadet to have
around on one's workbench w hile con-
verting t he popula r Fl\1 two-way rad io sur plus
eq uipmen t to th e s ix a nd two meter a ma te ur
frequencies.
Be ryl Dassow W9 HKA Thi s used out-dated commercial gear is d ri ft -
RF D 2. Clifton, Illi nois ing' into our amateur cha nnel s in an eve r i n-
creasing r a t e a nd a s im ple switch box is cer-
t a inl y a we lcom e a dd iti on fo r alignment checks .
A r eg ul ar test set can be obt a ine d f or some-
th ing a litt le ove r $150, however th is is u suall y
out of the question even to most Civ il Defense
or g a niza tions.
T he unit a s descri be d was design ed wit h t he
idea of checki ng the al ignm ent of the Motoro la
;W-D a nd !:t V un its of which our loca l CD is
equip pe d. T he older 30-D u nit s provide a meter
switch and a ll that is necessar y is a good 0-5 0
micro ammeter. However the 5V and la ter
uni t s pr ovid e a 11 pi n test socket in both t he
r ece iver a nd tran smitte r sections f or ext e r na l
mete!" switching and hence the need f or th e
sw itc h box ar-rangement.
Ot her features of th is unit are t he push-to-
test s wit ch , micro phone j a ck and rf j a ck for
overall check of the t runsmitter output.
Ma ny othe r ide as will no doubt co me to th e
rea de r's m ind pa rt icularl y those who have
s pent some time in converting t hese u nits . F or
exam ple, a transi stor ized crysta l osc illa tor
could be wired in for checking- purposes. Th e
exte rna l spea ke r co uld be m ou nt ed intern ally
by us ing a la rge!' box.
W hil e a meter movement of a h igher b a s ic
range may be used with almost equa l result s,
the 0 to 50 microummete r wi ll g-i ve s im ilar
read ings a s described in t he Motorola m a in-
tcn a nce ma nual s.
(Continued on pa g e 50 J

48 • 73 MA GAZ INE MARC H 196 1

 Ham Headl ines Illuminated Sign,
just like broad.
If ham radio ''lokl's tilt: " nt's/,opers in )'0 ' 1" I OU '" /'l ease
send a clipping to .\10"'11$ L ipt on J' E JD QX, 3 11 R ose-
ma r)' R oad , T oronto 1 0, O nta rio . Can ada. ,\[ ll yt' i " J"I," S til e cast stations.
73 X r;('.r S e n-i,"c . a monthly /,u Ni,-at ioll SCllt t o all cdit ar s
0/ cl ub bltl!rti,I S. /II' Tr, U di!lcst t he 1II (lst i m!, ortollt Reall y dre sse s u!? t he sho ck . Wall o r to b le moun t . Stee l
ca se in b lock o r g rey , bright red le tters on whi te bClc k -
stories that arc s ubm itted cadi mOllth f or liS to prillt ill 73. ground. 10112 " x 3 112 " x 3" . Avoilo b le in other Ion.
gou g l"S, wi th yo u r call leiters, o r what do you won t it to
A JI) HJ. ISD nov
II A ~I S soy ? . . . a dol la r e xt ra. AC /DC 6 -12-120v (s pe cif y).
( T h ", E nninK H u tt e un, Prevtd enee , R . I •• 8u b m itt"d b y Can sh ine ou t b ack wi ndo w of your car a t n igh t,
moun t o n )our ri g , o u ts ide shoc k d o or, o r where have
WDI U Z ) H . Ha ymond Alexand er, Sr., KIGR(i, w a s t he you
fi r~t to t r a n ami t lin uppea l for funds t h at w o u ld he t r u n e-
Ia ted i nto n receiver- with H rullle dilll ,. a nd k nobs (o r a a t yo ur distributor
12·Yt'llr_old hoy: R oy Sas si. Ap proximatel y $8 0 of th e
$fiOO so u g- h t 11l1l' been ra i"et! t o d a t e for the fund w hic h
closely r esem bles a d r-ive held abou t 2% yea r-s ago, when
a 9-y('a r-old gi rl, req ui rinl':' I:H; s k i n I':'raltll, received 2 16 STELLAR ELECTRONICS, 80x 82, Garland. Tex,
tons o f QSI. card s fro m wel l wish inlC hams.

HRITO N H E AnS n AIHO W AR NI N (; T O S J-: L ASS n-: ANNOUNCING THE

( D a il y Mail , E n gle nd , su b ml t t e d by ( ; 2Il1IV ) F i r s t n ew s
of the J-:th ioll ian coup w a s recei v ed by John Turrl"lI,
G2CnN, on h i" 10 tube. e il':' ht y ea r o ld , 25 pound r ec e ive r ,
.eborrctr1>t 2M CONVERTER
C I'M h in j{ throul':'h th e c h irp inl':' o f Hilly, J ohn' s budae r t-
SU PER LOW·NOI SE-CUSTOM BUILT
Ka r, came t h e messaze o n 15 meters " C Q C Q lit" ET3XY. US ING RCA', NEW NU VISTOR
In fo r m h is lmpel"ia l Maj es ty th e Empe ro r now in B r a zil, PAUL A, REVEAL W2ADD BOX 575
tha t a l' U U JI d ' e t at h a s tak en pluee." Ef hlopiun offlciula in Church Street Stat ion, Ne w York 8 , N . Y.
London we re notified im m edintelv .

HA~ I c um es D RlJ(; TO C III L D I S B UEN O S AmES

l 'm .El'YI' EUIHT.;n . ;C! UII·,UENT
COL LI N S 5 1J2. S1J3 , R-390Aj URR Re ce ivers (.50· 30 .5 MC)
( T hl" E nn in ll: RuU l"tin , Phil ad elph ia , Pa., K u b mi tt ~ b y TE LE TY PE Printe rs ';;14, # 15. ~ 1 9. ::20, # 26• .::28.
J . R os..n we ld, 2 nd ) A lbe rt Fernand e s , H , o f C roydo n , KLEIN SCHM IDT Printers # TT-4 A, TT·76 , TT-98, TT-99.
picked up an emerg ency me"""j{t" b ef nz fl a shed ov er- S ou t h TT· HiO, GGC· 3 .
A merk u u n d came to the r e"c ue u f younK MIL I·in G rlmi- TELE W RITER Freq uency Sh ift Con verter.
"e lli , cl"il icaJl y i ll i n hOll p ital in Buen os A i r e s . Fer nundez For gene ro l inform a fion & e q u ipme nt list w rite :
To m W 1A FN
contacted a docto r in the Lowe r B u cks Coun t y H os p it a l,
who i n t urn ar ra n g ed t o h ave a new an t ibiot ic drug r-u ahed ALLTRONICS·HOWARD CO.
to Arl{en t ina b )' a ir. \ \o'i thin 2 -1 h ou rs t he Kirl had r-e- Bo x 19, Boston I , Man. Ric hm o nd 2-0048
c e ived the m ed ici ne a n d res po nded to it.
Air Force MARS
W 6 AL ERTS 1".8 .1. WITH I LI. E G A I. Hl G
( S a n IH E'g o Hail y Press , Ca li f. . s u b m ft fed b y lI u g h
Eastern Technical Net
Com p t o n, W HIKW ) J am E'S P , Green, 18 , o r Sa n Dieao , Sundays 2·4 pm EST, 3295, 7540, 157 15 kc .
Cal if .• a freshman at Collt"gt" an d h am operato r plan t ed
an u nide n t i fied , r adiating r iJ,:" o n ~It . Solebad caus inJ,:" a
March 5- Phy sics a nd C hem istry of P:; ~ e
g e n era ! alarm in the a r ea. A fter a 5 d a y s e a rc h b y t he Me ta ls.
F .C.C.. e. D .. and F .B.I ., th t' Intermitt en t sig na l aou r ce March 12- Se mico nd ucf ors.
W Ill! loented. T b e yo u th . whu WI(>! n ot t aken i n t o custody , Me ech 19- The rmio nic Powe r Gen e ro tio n.
was q uoted a s !<lly i nll that he hid the r ig "to t es t ou r Mar ch 26- The rmo nuclea r Powe r.
em e r sre ncs- networ-k II. KJl. in"t e n emy jam m tn e ." At last Apr il 2- Sing le Side b and C o nsi d e re fions .
r eport t he F .e .C . w a s cu ns id eri n g pu nj ti ve act io n reaa rd - April 9- So me Aspe cts o f Rece iver Desig n.
inl{ t he m isdemeano r . , . , VE3 1lQ X

IN THE • WEST· It'•

===---
V\VIESotIEI~ 'N li~ID>IIO
and nUYISION
SUPPLY
rtf] ) CO.
., ~~Jii••li:'o1"'''''' - ~
_.- -
<
-~
•
fOR OVER 25 YEARS ONE OF THE WEST'S OLDEST AND LARGEST fIRMS
DEVOTED EXCLUSIVElY TO AMATEUR AND ElECTRONIC EQUIPMENT.

1331 India St. San Diego 1, Calif.

P. O. Box 1728 BElmont 9-0361

M ARCH 196 1 13 MAGAZIN E • 49

 (Continu ed from pag e 48)
I n order to determine which position of the
selecto r s witch corresponds to what section of
t he ci rcu it under test, a small na me plate
holder is affixed to t he s ide of th e cabinet with
the fo llowing informat ion .
Receiver Transmitter
# 1-3rd IF G rid Mod ulat or G rid
# 2- ht Limiter 1st Quadrupler G rid
# 3- 2nd Lim ihr Trip ier Grid
# 4-Disc. (Se c) I st Doubler Drive r
# 5- Disc. ( Pri) Doubler Driver G rid
# b-Multiplier G rid P. A. Gri d
# 7- 81." P. A. Plate
# 8- Sla nk B Plus
The a ctu al method used in a lig n ing these
units is beyond the scope of th is a r t icle. All
parts are mounted as per t he usual con struc-
t ion p ra ctices. T he r ota r y switch a s shown in
t he ph otog raph happ en s t o have more con-
tacts th an required but does afford an easy
t ie place for the two multipl ier resistors..
These two r es istor s were simply selected to
give a pproximately t wo-thirds scale r eadi ng
when r eading t he h igh voltage. The 30-D to
Test PL. switch needs only to be a S PDT in-
stead of a s shown in t he photograph . T he small
f use clips on each end of t he box are used to
hold t he test pl ug ca ble when th e u nit is n ot
used. 73
Pe rfs List
1- 0-50 mic r oammeter.
' - D P DT Bat H a n d le T og g l(' Switches.
Chassis Mounting the PL-259
na U H l<' se ries of coaxial connectors, t ypi-
T fi ed by t he PL-259 plug and the 5 0 -239
chassis receptacle, is widely used on both com -
mercial a nd mil it a r y eq uipment. Also, these
fi tting s a re st ill r eadily available, at r eason-
ab le cost, fro m sur plus outlet s.
It is often desi r able to su ppor t sma ll chassis
mou nted accessories, such as T R switches, by
t he coax ial connecto r s moun ted on ex ist ing
equ ipment. T his g enerates a r equ irement for
fittings that a re not available as st andar d
items. It is possible to mount later prod uction
50 • 13 MAGAZINE
1--8 P DT Bat Hand le Toggle Switch.
I-SPST l\lomentnry P ush S witch .
1-9 pos lt ton rotary s w itc h.
I-S ingle ci rcuit ' phone jack.
I-Banana J a ck f or RI-' input .
t -c-z -termtnal board for ext er na l speake r.
I -II pin soc ke t ( amphenol 78SI1) .
I - l l prong plul{ [urrr nhe no l 8fi -C I' 1l) .
1-4 contac t mic. s oc ket (a m p he no l 9 1- P C4F).
I - I N34 diode or s im ilar .
1-20K % watt resistor.
2-4.7 meechm 1 wa tt resis to rs.
I-M i n iboJ!> (10 x .( x 2% ).
P L-259 plugs on a chassis by using a stan da r d
Nat ional Coarse thread cap scr ew. A h ex head,
7/ 16-14 brass bolt, about !h it long, is ideal for
this p ur pose since the t hre ads mate perfectly
with the cable r eta ining t hreads in t he plug
body. A cleara nce h ole for the connecting lead ,
up to 5/16" in diameter, should be drilled the
len gth of the bolt . A lock washer should be
used f or secu re mou nting.
The second item that ca n n ot be obtained
commercially is a double ended male plug.
Such a fitting is ideal for mounting a n an-
tenna cha ngeover relay di r ectly on a trans-
mitt er an t enn a r eceptacle. A sho rt stud, about
1" long , cut from a 7/1 6-14 bra ss bolt, serves
as a perfect coupling for joining two PL-259
pl ugs. A cleara nce hole must be drilled t he
lengt h of t he st ud to acco mmodate t he wiring.
T he photog r aph shows the a ssembly details
of these fittings, along with the fini shed double
male ad a pt or. T his method of construction does
m uch to alleviate the haywire m a ze of cables
t ha t alwa ys seem to complicate even t he sim-
plest installation.
. . . P a fenberg
MA RC H 1961
 New Products
. . . the ed itor
Anybody w h o th in ks abou t it f or a m oment
will rea li ze that on ly in s h o r t - li ved magazin es
do y ou find New P rod uct s reviews which tell
you how t ert- ible th ings r eall y are. The normal
fun ction of the N ew Produ ct R eview is to
inform the r eader and butter th e a d vertise r.
We endor se both of these policies and m u s t
also confess to a t hird : the editor li kes t o
write a bo ut what is going on in th e commercial
end of our hobby, but doesn't wan t to upset
adverti se r s by lu mp ing e ver yt hi ng in t he
ed it or ia l column.
The respon se ha s been so en thu s ia sti c t o
some of ou r con struction p roject s t hat li ttle
knots of amateurs have been ga t her ing all
around the cou nt r y discussing the possibility
of putt ing som e of them on the market. One
new company is ca lled G ldeets a nd Gadgets,
a s u n li k e ly a name a s we 've heard recently,
and t hey're already putting out kits of part s
f or the \V9 D U T Bantam Converters and
K8NI C's 6!\1 Tran smitter, both of t he October
issue of 73. They're hard a t wor k getting some
mo re kit s ready. Jus t in case they r un in t o
any obviou sly lazy cu s t omers th ey ha ve mad e
arrangement s wi th a couple of ex pe r ts to wire
the k its f or a f ew bucks e x t r a,
You might know that someth ing w ould be
brewing ou t California w ay al ong this line
t oo. A ca ll ca me in from P .G .B. E lectronics
sa y in g tha t t hey we r e wor king a long s im ilar
lin es.
I r v in g Electronics, d own T exas wa y, will be
preparing printed circuit board s for any ar-
t icles we r u n. R ig h t now we're getti ng a p.c.
n oise limit er circuit ready f or th e next iss ue
of 73. You ought to se n d f o r th e catalog of
p. c.'s Irv ha s avail ab le, you 'll be amazed and
e nt h used.
Ca n anyone t ell us h ow i n the devil Alli ed
can sell a com p let e s ix m eter t r a nsceive r , co m -
plete w ith m ike, for only $57.50? It just doesn 't
seem possible ! A s u per het t oo.
I g ot to r ead ing som e of our own ad s and
the first thing you know I was driving over
t o visit Ru ss S pera \V2 UF U and talking d eal s
ove r one o f those U R A -6 T el etype co nver ters.
After mu ch haggling we set tled on f ull list
pr ice and set about fitting t he three rack s full
of ge ar in t he back sea t of t he P orsche. Made
it , but it was a t ight fit. Now if there was
o n ly time to g et it hooked up! I wanted t o
see Ru ss's s t ock of s u r plus, but th e store w a s
so full we co u ld n 't even edge ou r w ay in t o
see wha t wa s there.
(Continued on page 52)
MARCH 1961
100% MODU LATION-W ITHO UT DISTOIl.TlO N is pra,l i,ally
impossible to atla in with most hom r ig s . NOW- Thanh 10
P&H-y ou ,on have your , o ke and e e t il too !
Sim p ly eooneet a P&H MODel AFC·I or AFC-2 belween the
m ;k~ and th~ mike inpul of any 558, 058, AM, PM or FM
transmitter_Set Ihe Iranlm iller audio go in , onlrol for 1000/0
modu lo ti on and FORG ET IT! Fro m a W HI5 PEIl. 10 a 5HOU T-
Ihe compressor oulpul level N EV EIl. VARI ES MOR E THAN
60 8. Ma y a ha be uaed on PA SYl le ml 10 main to i., h ig h
audio ou lpu t w il hou t blOlli ng .
NO T A C UPPI NG DEVICE! Th is is on AVe Iype ccmpres so r,
like broadcoll Ilations use. Operalion il inltan taneoul. w ilh
no pumping effe'l . 8uilt.in audio fillers ond 5EPAIl. ATE
HIGH and lOW IMP EOANCE Clll.eUITS.
HIGH IMPEDANCE thr~lhold il leI at - 5 2 08 a.,d w ill pro.
v ide up to 50 08 o f ,ompren ion w ilh n~gligobl~ d illortio n .
lOW IMP ED ANCE Ihrelho ld il set 01 -25 08, and will pro .
vide up to 40 08 of , ompren ion wh ~n used b~lwee n Ihe
lpeaker ond th e audio output of a receive r j ru ult ing in
ex ce tlen t AVC a'lion from rece ive rs wilh poo r RF AVC
ehcrcetertstles .
MOD EL AFC·I (3" Il. 3 " Il. 5 " ) req u iru on ~1l.1~rn al power
s eeree (of ten available f ro m Iran lm ille r or re, e iv er) and
' on to in l 0 90-3500 evele bandpan oudio filter .
MODel AFC·2 (5" Il. 5" Il. 7 " ) hOl a bu ilt . ;n p ower supply
and a sw ilch ,onrralled 81l.0Ao-M EDIUM ·5HARP audio fille r,
MODel AFC-2CW il id enl i'al to Ih~ AFC -2 u,epl for much
lhorper audio Iilters , It il in l ~nded for vse wilh filter type
~Il.cit~rs ond for CW r~,eption whe n u l ed in the speaker line
of reee lvers.
MOD el AFC·l Wi th lubel {le n p ower l Up p! y } 532. 95
MODel AFC·2 o r AFC -2CW Compl ~ te •....... , . , ., . $54.95
-s:?~ . elECTRONICS INC .
. ~ 424 Columbia lafoyene. Ind.
GIDGETS & GADGETS
as yo u ca n see in t he col um n to th e left, is a
new com pan y se t up to make avai la ble co rn-
pre te kits of pa rts for construct ion a.rtides
appearing in 73 .
Bantam Converters (specify band),
W9DUT IOct. 73 ) . .•... .. . .. . 522.50
6M Transmitter. KSNIC/5 (Oct. 73) 522.50
All kits a re a bsol utely complete: punched
c hassis, co py of a rticle, etel, t ubes, wire, so lder,
e tc ., a nd a nyt hing else we ca n thi nk of that will
help. All pric es post paid. Lu cky NYC dwel le rs
add 3 % .
GIDGETS & GADGETS
P.o . 80 X 117 fOREST HillS 75, N. Y.
Laz y? Ad d $7 . .50 f or unit wired and test~d .
Wat,h for eve n more of these kits ned month.
73 M A G AZ IN E • 51
-
(New Prod ueh from page 51)
One of ou r inqu ir ing repor ter s st uck their
no se in t o Ba rry Electroni cs and di scovered a
couple interesting su rp r-ises. F ir st of a ll the
1961 Ba rr)' Green S hee t is off the presses and
is gua runtecd t o ma ke any r ed blooded ham
d ro ol. This a nd the new Inter nati onal Cr ysta l
cata log r a t e a s the best literatur e o f the new
yea r that we've see n for the hom e-brew type
ham, excluding th e 440 page reference work
put out by Allied.
A lden P r od ucts informs us t hat sev era l of
our read ers ha ven't yet bought their operating
bench. Thi s we can on ly a scribe t o an ove r-
s ig-h t . You must have f org ott en t o send for
literature and sec what a d eal they ha ve. Or
maybe ).'OU don't cure what your shack looks
like. T h is is one of the nicest operating tables
we've eve r seen .
Shure
A letter came r olling in t he othe r day fr om
;\11'. H . T . Harwood , the Advertising Ma na g er
of Shure Brothers. )Olr. Harwood explained
that he had a r r a ng ed to send me, compliments
of S hure Brother s, and at the r equest of B ill
S imo ns W 9YXJ , a model 440S L Si ngle-S ide-
ba nd Microphone.
\VeIl, here it wa s. I'd been fearing the day
when so meone would se nd so met hing directly
t o me f or a "test ." I put the letter a side and
tried t o forget it. Th en, a day later, it arrived.
With a sin k ing he a r t I cou ld feel all my a ltruis-
t ic plan s di sintegrating a s cu pidi ty took over. I
wa nted th a t microphone . I opene d t he box
and screwed t he mike to t he st a nd . . . I had
to have that mike . . . gad, what a beauty! I
fel t all the sym ptoms of drug withdrawal
every time I even t hou g ht about send ing thi s
fabulou s mik e to someone who cou ld d o a n
adequate job of testing it.
The rationa lization s ca me t hi ck and fa st.
Wh a t kin d of a test can a nyone d o on a m ike
anyway? About the best you ca n do is repeat
the manufacturer's literature and give the out-
put level and frequ ency range. Beyond that
all you ca n sa y is that you u sed it on the air
and the fell ows sai d you sou nded g ood. S hure
wou ld be sa tisfi ed with a s im ple new products
release, I wo uld n't even have to dummy up a
"tested" r eport.
So f ar I had been able t o avoid all this
mental torture by having equipment ship ped
directly t o ot her ham s f or t hem to t est. A s
long a s it didn't get into my hand s I didn't f eel
too bad . Well, I felt bad ... but I could st a nd
it. There were times when it got rough . . . for
in stance when D on Sm ith W 3 U Z N sent in a
p hoto of hi s station with a He ath T e ne r, Sixer
and Twoer all st a cked o n top of one a nother.
T ha t wa s traumatic. I really wouldn't mind
ot he r fell ows gettin g' all that gear free . . .
if I just didn't know abou t it.
So here I am with a brand new desirable
52 • 73 MAGAZI N E
mike. I d on't know why it bugs me so . . . a fter
a ll, I already have a perfectly good mik e that
I've been using' fo r five years now .. . a little
S h ure hand mi ke th a t I won out at the Day-
ton Hamve n tion in 1956. I su p pos e that I
mig-ht part with the new o ne . .. probably give
me n ightmares. T ell j'OU what, I'll put t ogether
a quick New Produ ct s Review for thi s issue
of i 3 and then we'll offer the m ike a s a prize
to t he s ideba nd o p that sends in the most
subscriptions b y Ap r il 5th. One catch . .. t he
winner ha s to u se the mi ke on the ail' a nd
send m e a let t e r telli ng what the re ports were
on it. H ow's that? BOj'! I f eel better already
. . . bu t g ee, I' m s u re goin g t o mi ss that peachy
m ike.
New Books
O ne of our most consiat a n t con tr ibutors,
Howa r d Pyle \ V70 E , ha s just become th e
proud author o f a Sams Photo fa ct book (NH P-
1) ca lled "Building Up Your Ham S hack." Thi s
is a fine book for t he newcomer to ou r hobby
for it will acquaint h im with what he is going
to need in the way of equ ipment and will put
t hi ng'S in to per s pective. T here is a chapter on
receiver s, one on tra nsm itter s a nd one on
a n t en na s. Thi s is a well illu strated 128 page
book and se lls for only $2.50. Thi s book will
probably be avai lable through most parts di s-
tributors and the Radi o Bookshop.
Gernsback Library has just com e ou t with
a book that I wou ld have r eally enjoyed when
I wa s ten to fifteen . It is called "Fun With
El ectr icity" and it has a b unch of experime nts
that you or your kid ca n have a ball with . T he
price is $2.65 (GL-83.) Thi s shows you how to
make a sim ple d e motor, an a c generator, a
solenoi d, a s pa r k co il, a Tesl a co il, etc. Litera-
ture like thi s a rou nd th e sha ck might get more
of a r ise out of the j r op than anything else
you've thought of.
Sa m s has a new book on "Eliminating- Man-
ylade Int erference" which will solve problem s
for a lot of hams. A lot of us r un into this
mi sery now and then and wi sh for som e text
to help us through the difficulty. Thi s is th e
n ewest (a nd the only, t o my knowledge) ref-
erence on th e su bj ec t now available. $2 .95 .
The book is quite thorough . .. 160 pages.
Another of our author s ha s been snea k ing
some time away from hi s n writi ng. The re-
su lt , publi shed by Sams, is the "Seco nd -C lass
Radiot el ephon e Licens e Handbook" by Edward
Noll W3FQJ . The $3 .95 book ha s ever y t hing
you'll need to get the license. This is a lot
more than the usual question a nd an swer
manual, w ith a lmost half of the book devoted
to genera l in f orm a t ion a nd technical discu s-
sion. The other ha lf covers the actual exam
and give s details on regulation s. Thu s th e book
not o nly will shep he rd you through the FCC
exam, but will g ive you practical operating and
maintenance da ta t o st a r t you in th e fi eld.
MARCH 19.1
 New Shure Mike
Her e is a m ike that is GO FIRST CLASS
designed s pecia ll y fo r SS B
cps . It ha s sha r p cutoff ON SIX
below 300 cps and above
3000 cps, mak ing' it id eal The LW-51
f or ham com m u nication s . Deluxe
It is r ug g ed , bein g of m ag-
netic design, and won 't
boil away in the su n or
di solve when it rains . O ut-
$57.50
Features:
put is - '> 2.5 db at 100,000 • .~ o w u tts input . fully neutralized
ohm s. For $28.50 t he i\Iod- • Uses inexpe nsive 8 IlW xrals or ," FO
el 4408 1. comes complete wi t h g ri p-to-ta lk • P la te mo d ula ted fo r efficie ncy a nd pun ch
swit ch , mi ke st a nd a nd ca ble. Same d eal, • In put for crvstul ur carbo n microphone
• 'TYl -p roofed e ven ill Channel 2 fringe a re-a
m arked :\lodel 440, less st a nd, sw itch and m ike • In kit for m 10 cui co-t s
connector is o nl y $ 15 ! • :\ 11 hard part" mounted (over 1(0)
• 6 or 12 vult filament
• S peech cl ipp ing & limiting for max
modula tion
Call -D-Cal Order Direct:
LW.st Delux e kit, le n tubes & x ta l .... ssr.se
I ' ve see n t hese LW·SI Delu xe ki t, w it h tube l & any x tal. 69 .S0
LW-S t De luxe ki t, wi re d & te lte d . 84 .50
d ecals advertised Ship weight 7 Ib s.: 77, Easl Coa st ; $ 1.S 9
for the la st f ew We sle ,n_
month s , but I LW. 72 AC Po we r Supp ly, lWSl companion,
wired ._ . . . . . . . . • .. • . • • . . • • • • . • • • • . • 49 .9S
hadn't real i zed LW -61 VHF Converters . 18 .50
LW-80 Pre_Ampli fiers . . . . . . ... ... . .. . .• 12 .50
w hat a nice look-
ing deal t hey r eall y are . Th ey a re 8 " long by
4" high a nd a r e beau t.ifully colo red: gold
letters ou tl ined in yellow, r ed number ou t lined
LWELECTRONIC LABORATORY
ROUTE 2 JACKSON , MICHIGAN
in gold, and a blu; state with a black sh a dow
beh ind it. This will st a nd out fabul ou sly on th e
rea r win dow of your car. You ca n ha ve a
world design ins t ea d of you r s t a t e i f yo u wis h.
P r ice is o nly $ 1.95!
MOBILE
POWER
SUPPLY
MODEL
Al 2!600 !200

O n The Air NOW

•

Dil l' of t he m ino r lit tl e j ea lo usie s d ow n

t hrough t he year's be t ween a m a t eu r s and
broadcaste r s has been those little (and very
ex pens ive ) sig ns which light up and announce
you are on the air. X o wonder th en that there
ha s been q uit e a r u sh to t ake advantage of a
small ou t fit do wn T ex a s w ay t hat is offe ri ng
p rofe saiona l-Iook lng s hms at Novice p rice s:
$H.95 complete. Th ese a r e p rofess ional enough
1'0 a lot of broad casting s t a tions h ave been lay-
ing in a su p ply . T hey are 10 % " long , 3 ¥.? " x
:1" deep, You can get 'em with 6, 12 0 1' 120 volt
b ulbs . F or a dolla r ext ra you ca n get yo ur call
le tters in stead o f the "On Th e Ai r " m essa g e,
01' yo u ca n get it i n some other lan gua g e, or
think u p som et h ing clever of your own . All
k ind s o f possib ilities .
. .• W2N SD
$59.50
This 12V input de tc d e tra nsistoriz ed converter is
cOfnerva live ly rated for continuous ou tp ut of 120
waHl al 6 00V or 3 0 0V, or any combina tion o f 6 0 0
a nd 3 0 0 volt loads to la ling 120 watts .
High e fficie ncy, small size, and lig ht weight, plus
fre e d om from maintenance, conse rve your battery
and increase the e njoyme nt of mobile o pera tio n.
ELECTRONICS OlVISION
GLOBE INDUSTRIES, INC.
525 MAIN STREET
BELLEVILLE, NEW JERSEY

MARCH 196 1 7J MAGAZI N E • 53

 II.I. ~.
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-
 Propagation METERS! METERS!! METERS!!!
TWO 73 SPECIALSt-
0-300 v , e c. 4" face , sq ua re Sl.9S!
Charts 0-100 ma d c , 2" or 3" ro und o r sq ua re
Be t he first to take odva nloge o f us a t the se p ri ces-
S2.9S !
o tr act io n o f t he goi ng p rices for t he se new me le r, l
David A. Brown K21G Y While t he y le st!
Tho usa nd s of o ther s urp lus items in stoc k. Mo n y
30 LlI mb e rt A ve nue ex citing borgo ins . Ge t
Permlnqdale. N. Y. SURPLUS AT ITS BEST

T h e b ands listed are ~ lUFs and a hi gh er

from L R ELECTRONICS
3529 East Col orodo, Pasadeno, Col if. SY 6-5521
hand will not work for th e time period listed. re cog n iJe d J oh nso n dis t ri butor
Lower bands will work, but not nearl y as well. Now! J ohnson Messe ng e r $134.95
Times are G ~ I T, not local time. W r ite for f REE b ulleti n

These charts a re to be used as a guide to

ham load openings fo r t he mo nth of March ,
=
1961 to the various countries listed . I will be JIM CLARK * Wl ULU
in teres ted to hear of your res ults In u smg KIT W IR ING & TESTING LAIlS
t hese ch arts a nd to k now what ot her a r eas REPAIRS & SERVICE ON ALL MAKES Of HAM GEAR
you might wish included in future cha rts. AND
TE ST EQUIP MENT. CITIZENS BAND GEAR & HI·fI
2 Aike n St. Te l. HE mlock 2·3600 Derry, N. H.
A LL WO RK G UA RA N TEED

Advan ced Forecasl : Ma rch 1961

- --BOSTONIANS!--....,
I ..
Arise ! You ',e su rro u nde d by Bob Grahom W1KTJ.
Skeptical? We ll, look for you rse lf. Visit e it he r of the
All good exce pt Graham sto re s a nd see no thi ng else but ne w
and re(ond it io ned hom g eor o t Ne w Eng land's only
Fa ir 5-6 e xcl us ive ho m sIores. It's w o rt h th e tr ip .
Nort h ot 8 0.l on at S o u t h at Be at en al
5 0 :; ~laln , n.... din .. ]]0:; N . ~laln . R a n do lp h
Phon., : 9.J..1-4000 Phone : wo 3 .5005

---- ------------
MESSAGE TO NON-SUBSCRIBERS:
--- - -- ----------
SUBSCRIBE!
- ----
Distributors tell us over and over of t he dozens of fellows who com e in ti me afte r t ime
lookin g for a copy of 73. Gloryowsk y! If you wou ld s pend a fra ct ion of all that effort a nd
ma il us a miniscule check yo u 'd make both of u s a whole lot ha ppi er. Ba ck is sues are get-
ting sca r ce : incl ude 50¢ each, while they last.

Name Call . . . . . . . . . . .. . $3 yr.

Address . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .. . . . ......... . ... $5 2 yrs,

City Zone State . . . . ... . .. .. $4 y r. DX

year s. S tart with issue.
73 Magazine ; 1379 East 15th si., Br ookly n 3D, N. Y.

Na me Call $3 yr.

Add r ess $5 2 yrs.

City Zone State • • • • • • • • • • • • $4 yr. DX

. .. ' year s. Start with . Issu e.

73 Mag a zine; 1379 East 15th se., Brookl y n 3D, N. Y.

MARCH 1961 7J MAGAZIN E • 55

 'Sines' and 'Handles'
" , .. th e hand le he re is Sehast ian; what's
you r name old boy?" Bad enough on p hone
hu t imag ine spelling it ou t 0 11 C \ V! Yet
there are mall Y ju st as tou gh to tra nsmit ami
for the rccc lviu g operator to interpret. N ames
like Ji m, Joe, Doc, T om and even Bill and
o ther sim p le one-syllab le contractions aren't
too had but th ey too ca ll he even simp lified
a hi t. Iut cnnediatc names, genera lly of two
sy lla bles like m y OWI1 , arc not too much of a
p roblem either hut, part icul arl y in C \ V op-
era tion, still a bit long to spell out. For ex-
am ple, ". . . handle here is H owa rd", E igh teen
code characters to trans mit. l seldom use it;
my custo mary p rocedu re is to say ". .. sine
YB .. :'. Onl y six characters b u t it tags me
as an iud ividuul apart fro m my sta tion call
which is i SSUl ' <1 to cover the gear itself, not
the opera tor! ~I y eq uipme nt is \ViOE ; I'm
I1 0 t ! I'm "YB", owner-operator of station
\V70E. '1'0 11 wouldn't in troduce a sh ip board
operator to someone by savi ng. "T h is is
KUHS ( or wha tever his call letter might h e )
would you? Nor a b roadcast stat ion operator
h v th e cull lette rs of the station at w hich he
works. More p ro perly, you would say , "T his
is D ick of 1\:0\10". T he sa me in ham prac-
tice ; inform al int roduct ion of m yself for ex-
amp le, woul d 1I0 t he, ". , . thi s is \V70 E" ;
correct ly it wo uld he somethi ng like this .. .
" this is YB of \V70E". Sec the point? Never-
th eless trad ition and long usage has tagged
th e indiciduals wi th the cu ll let ters of an inert
bunch of eq uip ment ra ther than a more per-
sonal idcnttficntiou. No th ing wro ng with it I
suppose as the vast majority of ham stations
are man ned h y only one operator who, ill most
eases, is the sta tion ow ner as wel l. The p ra c-
tice will no dou bt cont inue; it has gone on for
too man y yea rs now to cha nge overn ight.
"Shades of Emil y Post" some of you wi ll
say, "arc you trying to tell liS that we must
obse rve formal social custo m rather tha n the
somewha t looser cn murudcrie of ham rad io?"
No t at a ll; handle it any wa y you like, All
I'm tryillg to d o is to point out a fl'w usa ges
ill cou ru-ction with tudi viduul ide ntifi cation
w hich. whill' not necessarily confusing to the
ham, can be Improved u pon both on-t ile-a ir
and in face-to-face ( 1 hate the expression
56 • 13 MAGAZINE
Hewa rd S. Pyle W70E
'eye-ball' ) QSO's. Tn add ition, I'd like to a t-
tem pt to clear lip th e apparent m ystification
w hich so many h am s have wh en some rela -
tivclv •
'old-timer' casuallv• savs
•
". . , sine hr
XX , , ," or some sim ila r group of two let-
ters. Let's find ou t w hat th is "si ne" busin ess
is a ll abou t , , , shall we?
As far as I can determ ine ( I'm not that
ancient, you know!) , it all started shortly
after Sam Morse invented th e electric tel e-
gra ph in the middle 1800·s. Messages w ere
soon fl yin g ( well, stumbling anvwovl ) along
the th in cop per th reads st re tched from pole
to pole uud from city to city. As th e telegraph
began to prove increasinulv p ra ctical and
speedy, m essages b ecame of in creasing im -
portance . Often messages were filed whi ch
dea lt wit h impressive transact ions , fin ancial
an d otherwise. An imp roperl y sent or re -
ce ived message could, and freq uently did , in-
volve serious losses to either the sender or
re cipient or ha th . O ften the telegraph CO Ill-
p un y had to 'ta ke the hump' in th e wa y of
lawsu its which very often proved plent y
costly . Th ey in tu rn cast about for some m eans
of recovery from th e operator o r operators
on their circuit who were responsihle for
errors in tran sm ission or reception or both .
Hut whut operator (s)? T elegraphers chan ged
shifts, swapped around ami ad ded to the
confusio n of id en tificati on ill other ways. He-
co verv• of an y• finan cial loss from an operator
d ue to his error was, o f course, a rather for-
lorn hope on th e part of the telegraph com -
p:lIl y. T elegrapher's pay was low and , in the
ea rly days, a good many of them were "d rift-
ers" and p retty good examples of th e old
adage , " . .. a rolling stone gathers no moss
.. . ". Xove-rthcless the teleg raph com pa n ies
d ecided to attem pt to do someth in g abou t it ;
thu s th e "s ine" was born. Where th e spellin g
originated is nnvbody's guess. It is pretty
obvious thou ght th at 'sine' was probabl y a
c-ontraction, speakin g code- wise, of th e word
'sign'. '1'0 11 'sign' a receipt, a letter, a check
am i by so doing acknowled ge it. Telegraph
opera to rs were n-qui red to sigll for each IIl l'S -
sugc received by making; th eir 'sig;lI attl rc' in
code characters. TIl e sending opera tor wa s
re q uired to p lace his sig nature on the fa ce
MARCH 1961
 of each message he tra nsm itted.
O ften. signatures were lon g . . . you know.
"George W ashington, Evel yn Bclideau , Ben
Franklin . . . " ( ha d th ey been ope rat ors )
took va luable circuit time to write . It was
not lon g b efore m erel y the initials of the op-
era tors w ere s ubstitu ted. Often th is caused
confusion whe re two or m ore opera to rs in
the same office might h ave the same in itials.
T o offset thi s, a cou ple of lette rs which did
not co nflic t w it h others, were ar b itrarily se-
lected . George w ash in gt on mi ght remain
'C \ V' w it hou t conflict, but ma ybe E vel yn 's
initials ( E B) might clash with Ed Bak er's.
So . . . E velyn probabl y became ' E \" while
Ed re tain ed h is 'Elf. Ma ybe Ben F ra nklin
kep t hi s bu t h e co u ld conceiva b ly h ave ru u
into Bob Freeman who was a lrea dy lIsing
'13 1" as a 'sine'. One or th e ot her changed ;
usuall y tho junior man at tha t office. What -
ever th ey turned li p w ith b e cam e the opera-
tors' signatu re or ' sine ', th e con tract ion fr om
'sig n' to 'sine' sa ved two dashes in transmis-
sio n w hen some operator asked for your sign
or m erely said «\ VO" which , in teleg ra p h ic
p h raseology, sen t on Morse lin es as 'd lt d ah
duh: d it space d it' ( ill continental code it's
'd it d uh d ah space d ah d uh dah ) m ean t
" \ \1)10 p»
, •
T he practice of arbitra rily select ing a group
of two letters, your init ia ls or otherwise as
circumstance dictat ed , soon achieved int erna-
tion al recognition as tel eg raphi c 'signa tures'
in th e operating field . An opera to r kept h is
' sine ' th roughou t h is teleg raphic career re-
gard less of w h ere h e moved, Unless , . . h e
accep ted a job at an office where some ot her
opera tor was already using the same sine. I n
such cases, the y sq uab bled it ou t among th em-
selves an d the office m anag er based m ainly
on who had h eld the sine th e long est! \\'hen
the losin g opera tor m oved on to so me other
offi ce, h e gen era lly ret rieved an d used h is
tempora ril y lost sine.
\Vhen ] sta rted my xl orse telegraph caree r
as a studen t telegraph er in th e Portland ,
Oregon ma in office of W estern U n ion in HJl 6 ,
my initia ls ( H P) were already in use as a
sine J>y a sen ior man. Be ing junior, it w as
Incumbent on m e to pick a sine not then
being used. ] chose "NX" as I liked the
rhythm; N X in M orse code is the same com-
bi nation of :do ts and d ashes w h ich make u p
th e lett ers "N L" ill Con tinenta l or Int crnu-
tiona] radio code.
Bad ia h ad always been m y fi rst love . Start-
in g as a rad io ( or «wire less " as we then
knew it ) ham in 1908 at the tender age of
ten years, the romance of the air waves con-
MARCH J9bJ
Give your shack that
professional look-
install an
ALDEN
HAM
....._- BENCH
with power facilities.
See our full page ad in the J a nu ary 73
(pag e 4 5) a nd ord er yo urs tod ay. For
furt her info rmat ion see yo ur d ealer or
write to
ALDEN PRODUCTS CO.
2186 No rth Maine Street, Brockton, Mass.
I ~=====
tl uued to intrigue me. A M orse telegraph
office to me was a hu mdrum of rout ine; sa me
old p lace, same old faces every shif t. I didn 't
slay long as a w ire tel eg rapher. A sh ip board
job opened for which I cou ld quali fy as I
h ad mea nwh ile acq uired a com mercial radio
opera tor licen se . I snagged th e joh an d took
my sine w ith me .. . N X. Li king th e rhyth m
of the storse N X, I used the same characters;
"dnh d it dlt d ah d it d it". Using th e Cont i-
n ent al or In te rn ational Morse code in the radi o
service, th is combination of characters became
"0: L", That was it ; N L became m y sine in
HH7 and stayed w ith m e during m erchant
marine operati ng, at Nava l radio shore sta-
tions a nd during a year 011 a Naval transport
b etween the Un ited Sta tes an d Europe , durin g
\Vorld \Var I. Must ered out of th e Navy
after the 191 8 armistice, 1 retu rned to th e
merchant m a rine in the Alaskan p assenger
service, still keep ing N L as a sine. Still later,
as opera to r at a com mercia l shore station
( KJA) at [ ual ln, Alaska, N L was stilI with me.
In the fall of 19HJ I re tu rned to Naval
service an d was assi gned dut y as an opera tor
at the n aval 'h igh-power' station, N " H, a t
Ketchikan, Alaska, st ill carrying N L as m y
sine. Trouble developed on m y first w atch!
No one else on the statio n was usin g th e
sam e sine but the Ketch ikan station, in addi-
73 MAGAZI NE • 57
tion to handlin g mu ch of the official naval
traffic for Alaska, also handled a grea t deal
of commercia l radio message traffic to the
territory ( then, before sta tehood), sharing this
with the Arm y Signal Corps cable and radio
system . This involved th e conventional 'fast'
messages, da y-letters and night-letters. The
designation for a night-let te r were t he letters
'NL' following the check. Each time rd OK
for a message received from our sister sta-
tion , N UZ, ill Astoria, Oregon b y using th e
sta nd ard form , "R N'L" ( meaning received OK
hy operator NL ) , I'd get a heef from the
Astoria opera tor to the effect ". . . no, no ;
th at's not a night-letter; it's a 'b lack' (fast)
or a day-letter". Obviously my sine must be
changed . I determined thi s tim e to choose
one whi ch had only a remote chance of dupli-
cation in my future operating career. Thus
was "YB" horn . I have since served as oper-
ator aboard many freight and passenger ves-
sels and at a number of commercial shore
stations. I have ne cer since choosing "YE"
for a sine in 1919, been in conflict with the
sine of any other operato r! I still use it in
ham nets and in general ham communication,
without challenge. I am in fa ct, known better
in ham and co mmercial rad io circles as "Y8"
than by my formal nam e. To answer the many
mystified inquiries which I receive, the letters
'YB' do not stand for anything in the way
of actua l words. Call them "young boy", "yel-
low belly" or "you b - - - - - d" as you pre-
fer but th ey have 110 real association with
words. Like "50S" wh ich means 'distress';
not "save our ship" or "send us succor" and
simila r phrases invented by an imaginative
la y public, "), B" means me as an individ ual!
I would most certai nly encourage more fre-
quent use of sines, self-chosen, on ham circu-
its, particularl y C\ V. It shorte ns the number
of chara ct ers in almost every instance and im-
mediately identifies you as an indiv id ual.
T here arc a few exceptions, of course such
as using the nicknames 'Ed', 'AI' a nd similar.
Nothing wron g with th em for a sine; most
certainly they are short enough although, as
names go, rather commo n. Pick yourself a
comb ination of two characters which appeal
to you for perha ps rhy thm, case of send ing
or read y interpretati on ; mak e those two let-
ters yo ur sine and become known by th em .
You can drop the 'ha ndle' or ' name' business
then and do a more professional job of oper-
ating, even in the ham hand s.
And that, dear reader, is that ; I do hope
it clears up the oft repeat ed question of
'what is a sine?'.
"73" de " YB"
58 • 73 MAGAZINE
II11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111I11111111
Other Ham
ATH ER than devote half or more
R of 73 t o the printing of news of
int e rest to specialize d groups we b e-
lie ve that it is our fu nction to do every-
thing possible t o e ncourage the pub-
lishe rs of bulletins which cate r t o these
HAM.SWA P. Published by Ha m-Swa p , Inc.. 35 Eest
Wader Drive, Chlceqc I, Illinois. Ed ito r is Ed Shuey,
K9 BOK. Subs Me $1 pe r yeM by 3rd class ma il, $3 for
1st class. $5 e irmeil. and $7.20 specia l del ive ry. Pub-
lished on ce a month . Ccnteins classified eds en t irely.
This is your best bet fo r an ine xp e nsive way to se ll
or swep some geo r in 0 hu rry. Within two weeks
people ore onswering you r ed.
FLORIDA RTTY BU LLETIN. Pred W . DeMotte
W4RWM . P.O. Box 6047, Devtcne Beech. Ho ride . $3
per yeo r incl uding membership in F1orido RTIY
Society. Mostly ope rating news with a b it o f technical
info now end then . All IT me n should b e getting
this.
SOUTH ERN CALIFORN IA RTTY BULLETIN. Me-ril l
l. Swan W 6AEE. 372 West Wa rren WtJy. Arce d !e.
C alifo rnia . $2.75 p er vee r, not including membership in
Society. Operating news and some technlcel ertlcle s.
Th is is t he old est n bulletin going . All IT men should
also ge t this one . Monthly.
73 HAM CLU B BU LLETIN. Me rvin Lipton VE3DQX,
3 11 Ro se me rv Reed, Toronto 10. On tario. C e ne d e.
Sen t fre e to 011 editors of ha m club bulle t ins monthly
to ke e p t he m e breest of whet is g oi ng o n with a ll
the othe r hom clu bs. This is a n excell ent source of
news for puttin g toget he r you r club bull eti ns. To sub.
sc ribe to th is news bulle t in ju st send a copy of your
own club b ulletin t o Marvin.
WESTERN RADIO AMATEUR. Don W illiam so n
W6J RE. 10517 Haverly Street, EI Monte, Celliomie .
Mont hly. Subs ere $2 pe r yee r, $3.50 for two yee rs. $5
fo r t hree ye ars. Ope rating news of west ccest a ctivity.
columns o n OX, SSB, YL. end so me a rt icles. 48 p eqes.
SIDEBAN DER. OfficicSl orqe n of the Sing le Sld eb e nd
Amoteur Redic Associotion , 12 Elm Street, l ynbrook.
L. I.. N. Y. Subs inc lud e membe rship to SSBARA: $3
per yee r. Monthly. Primorily cperetinq news and chit.
c ha t for the SSB OX gong.
MARCH 19b1
 11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111II111111
CITIZEN BAND
TEu S CLASS "D" CRYSTALS
"'" All 22 Fre que ncie . in Slock

Publications 3rd overtone.

.005"';' toler anee-to meet aU
. ' C C r OQu ir&rll onti .
lI C6/ U holden . 14" p in
I pad ng-.O;;O p ln l . (. 093
H enn etlca lly l uled
$2 95
pin s a"a llable. ad d 1St pe r crntall. •
in terests . The se bullet ins bring yo u the EACH
The followinl ClalS " D" Cit In n Ba nd freQu ,nei " 'n It Mk
ne ws you want in fa r greater d etail a nd (freQu eneies IIsled In meg aeyelas) : 26 .9ii5. 26.975. 26.985.
27.00;;. 27.015. 27.025. 27.035. 27.055. 27.065. 21.015.
in much less t im e t ha n is possible in a 27.085. 27. 105. 27. 115. 27. 125. 27.1 35. 27.1 55. 27. 165.
27. 175. 27. 185. 27.205. 27.215. 21.225.
mo nthly mag azin e whe re it usually take s .\Il1lehe<.! enl ta l iell for G lobe. Gonset . CIU · }o' onfl an d H a m-
eee rters Un it• . . . $5.90 ~r IH. 8pl.'Clry equi pmen t makfl.
two months for news t o get int o ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
•• RADIO CO NTROL CRYSTALS IN HC6jU HOLDERS ••
p rint. •
•
SpecHy fr eq uency. ~ .. p in I p acl na: •• . p in di ameter .05
(.U93 pt n d ia mete r. ad d 15.. 1••• •• •••••• ••• • • •• • •• $2.95 . ..
•
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TH E OLD TIM ER'S BUll ETIN. Published by Bruce • In n C6/ holden •
Kell y W21C E. Main Street. Holc omb, New York , Fou r • From 1400 KC to 4000 I{C .005% Tolera nce.•••• . S4.95 ... •
• From 4000 l';C to 15.000 KC any fr .... uen cy •
times" year. $1 per year. Pictures and d isc ussions o f • .005 % T olerane• • • •• •••• •• • •• •• • • •• • •• • ••• •••. S3.50 ... •
o ld ham gear, old hern O p S end o ld hom d oing s. • SEALED O VERTON E CRYSTALS •
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HAM. HO P NEWS. Published qU<!lrter ly by the Inter- • 15 to 30 ac .00.:1 Tol.r.ne $3.85 . a. •
• 30 to 45 nc .005 Tolera rw S IO .... •
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Eth el Roa d , Brc e d stel rs, Ke nt. Eng la nd . 75¢ per yell f
for bu lletin, $1.50 full mem bership. C lub devoted to ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
errenqi nq visits b etwe e n hams and ham fami lies all
QUARTZ CRYSTALS
o v er t he world. FOR EVERY SERVICE
All CT)' l tals made f rom Qrade "A"
Imponed 'luntz.-vound and e tched to
VH F AMATEUR. Publ ished month ly b y Bob Brown exac t r r e c u e n et e e . Uncondl tional iJ'
K2ZSQ(T). 67 Russell Ave nue . Rtlhw"y, New Jersey. ll' uar.nteed! Supplied In :
$2 pe r yeM. Op ere tinq news for VHF e rs. F T . 213 holden MC-7 hlllde"
i -r» I pa ci na: ~" l'ln I Pacl n c ~ "
l ' ln d iameter . 093 Pi n d la.m eter .U.S
THE MONITOR . Mer-J ex Publishers, 507 W est Davis DC. 34 hllld , ., FT ol11 hold,"
Stree t. Delles 8, Te xe s. $ 1 e veer, 3 veers fo r $2.50. P ln I p aelng % " P in I paeine %. ..
r'rn d iame ter . Hi S B an l na p lnl
Mont hly. Le-qely c p e re finq news. C o lumns : YL, C lub
MA DE T O ORD E R C RYS TALS • Speelfy hllider ..ant,d
Me et ing s, Arktlnse s News, Mississip p i News, Florid " 100 1 KC til 2600 KC :
News. OX, Missou ri News, MA RS. C el lfo rnie Ne ws, .6 1% t" lera oc• . . •• • •.• .• . • • •• •••• • • ••. . • . •.• . • •• • • . S2.00 ea.
.005 '1'0 Lul e r an~ , • • • . . . • . . . . • . • . . . . • . • . . . • • • • . • • • • • • • . S2.7 5 N..
Lc ulsie ne News. VH F News. Oklohom" News. Rio 260 1 KC t o 9000 KC :
.00.'; % tolera nce S2.50 , •.
G ren d e Vo lley Ne ws. Novice Ne ws. 900 1 KC t il 11.000 KC
.00,,4;. toll" ran..t ........... ... ... .. .. . • •••• •. • • • .• .•. S3.0 0 ...
DX.QSL News Letter, C lif Evans. K6BX, Bolt 385. Amateur, Novice, Te ch n iciQn !ond CrvstQI I
Bc nite. Cel ifcm le. Pub lished qu erte rly. 40¢ ee ch : A n- .01% 'rc te rance . • . $ 1.50 ' a.-80 mete.. (3101-3149 KCI,
(0 meters H I.';2· 1198 K C) , 15 mete.. (103( · 1011t K e ). 6 met'".
nuel subsc ription $ 1.25 (fo ur copies ) by fi rst cle ss (8335-86::'0 I';C) within 1 K C
FT· 2U Lat tice Cn "a ta ll In a ll rrecueneles f rom 310 KC to
mel l ($1.50 fo r OX ste flon s}. lists e ll Q SL Bureeus. 5~ 0 (,; C (all e:n t pt 45;; Ke a nd 500 K C) 50t ea.
l'ln Ipa rlnll: 'Ii" Pln d Iam eter . 0~3
me neqe rs for rera OX stations, etc . W hy not se nd lI l a h·he<.! Pliin + Hi cycles $2.50 pe r pa ir
you r old Cellbcc k t o " OX hern? Write Cl if for the 200 tee Cryat all. S2.00 ea.: (55 K C ern tal l . $ 1.50 , a. : 500 KC
l.:n·stall. $ 1.50 ea . ; 100 K e F reQuency S ta ndard CrY l ta la In
no me o f som eon e who needs it. H l.: 6/ U holtlen $4.50 ea.: Socket for 1"01'- 243 e rYl tal I5t .1.;
n uet sO'." ke t for FT- 243 cr)' Htall , 15' ea. ; Socketa for MC-7 and
FT· ln cultau 25' ea.: Ce rami c IlX IleL for D C6/ V [lYi tall
DIRECTO RY O F C ERTIFICATES AND AWARDS. C li! 20" " .
Wr ile fllr new tree eata lllll :: 860 ellm p!el' with "ei llator ,Ireulh
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t o ry p lus on e yeM of revisio ns [q uerterlv I $3.50. Ad d AS K YOUR PARTS DEALER FOR TEX AS CRYSTALS
see LIe red d isp lay .• . If he doesn' L Ito<;k them, n nd ua
75¢ for 1st cless ma il: $ 1.25 fo r e irm a il ; OX st ations hll nam e a nd ente r d frect f rom ou r nor lda rac tory.
1st cle ss ma il odd $ 1.00. Need le ss t o soy. this is t he NOW I t; n a: i n ~ r l n e u lIl plea and . ma ll Quan ti ties for proto-
most comp lete collect ion of d ete o n t he hund red s of u -pel now matle eithe r aL Ch ies" or Ft. lIlyen PlanL. 2i
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RUSH YOUR O RDER TO OU R NEW PLAN T
MOBILE N EWS. Publ ished mo nthly by th e Ame teur Un coupon bel ow I fIt" li t Class I hi pment.
Red ic Mobile Soci ety, 79 Murch ison Rd., Ley t o n, E.
10. Enqle nd . Jo inin g fe e e nd I yee r sub . is $2 .50. TEXAS CRYSTALS
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I No CO D's. Dep t . G · 21. I
111 11 11 11111 1111111111111111111111111111 111111111111111111111111
,------------ ------------------
MARCH 1961 73 MAGAZINE • S9

Radio Bookshop
GOOD GRIEF, don 't you ever ge t the yearn t o
IMrn? RB shipping d e p t. is M~iously awa iting your
slightest stir. You know, if you buy one book do
month you might e nd up with do fai rly decen t ref.
e rence library ? By t he wa y, RB policy has alwa ys
bee n Mo ne y Bock. no questions as ked.
l-ElECTRONICS & RADIO ENGINEERING-Terman. One
;:>f the most complete text bo oks ever printed. 1078
poge5. The or y, bu t e05Y o n the me th. $15.50
2 - ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS' HANDBOOK-
Pender. Mci lwa in. This huge book sho uld keep you
busy for months just read ing t he interesting fa cts it
conteins. There is hard ly env p ro ble m in comm uni-
clition o r elect ronics t hat you can't find covered
here. Excruciatingly thorough . 16 18 pages. $ 10.00
5 -ANTENNAS-KrOUI (W aJK). The mos t comple te bo ok
o n anten nas in p rin t, b ut la rge ly de sign a nd tke ory,
co mp lete wit k matk. $11.50
6-VACUUM·TUBE CIRCUITS AND TRANS IS.
rORS- Arg uimb" u. Desig ned fo r both beginners
end engineers. Moth kept to " minimu m. Sim ple
e xclenetions of complex idees. You'll know a lot
more "bout radio .:!fter you reed t his book. 646
peqes. $10.25
a -RADIO_TELEVISION & BASIC ELECTRONICS- Old fi eld.
Lo g ical p resent o tion a nd d e script ive illus t ra t io n mo ke
t k is o n idea l book f or t he beg inner. W ritten by self .
le ar ning of electronics p rinciples. 3" 2 poges. $4 .9S
10-1, L1BERTINE-Skep kerd (K20 RS). Racy 3S¢ b ook, a
best-seller. Specia lly price d f or yo u o t . • • SO,
• Smith (W6BCX). One of the editors of the old
IJ-REFERENCE DATA FOR RADIO ENGINEERS.
Febles. Icrmules. graphs. You will find th is refere nce
boo k on the desk of "Imost every electronic en-
gine e r in t he co untry. Published by Inte rnational
Telephone end I eleqreph. $6.00
/ 6-HA M REGISTER- Lew;, I W 3VKD) . Thumb-
nell sketc hes of 10,000 of the most acti ve lind well
known h<'lms on the "ir todev. This is the W ho's
Who of ham redio. F<'I scin" ting reedlnq. $5.00
20-RTTY HANDBOOK -Kretzman (W2JTP). A-Z of hom
Tel etyp e. Ve ry popu la r book, low supp ly. $3.00
21-VHF HANDBOOK-J ohn so n (W6Q KI). Types of VHF
propogotion, VHF circuit ry, co mponent limita tions, an-
te nna design and co ns truct io n, te st equipment. Ve ry
thorou gk book and o ne tb et skoul d be in e very VHF
shack. $2 .95
22-BEAM ANTENNA HANDBOOK - O rr (W6SAI). Ba sics,
t ke ory end const ructio n of beams, transmiss ion lil'l e s,
matcking d e v ice s, and te st equipme nt. Alm ost a ll he m
sta tions need a be a m o f some sort • • • here is t he
o l'lly source of beste info to ke lp you d e cide w ha t beom
to build or b uy, how to in stoll it, how to tc ne it. $2.70
23 - NOVICE & TECHNICIAN HANDBOOK - St OMr
(W6 TNS). Suga r coate d the ory: re ce ivers. tran smitte rs,
power su pplies, al'l tel'll'los; s imple construction of °
comple te sto tio l'l_ COl'lvertil'l9 surplus equipment. Ho w to
get 0 ham Iicense ol'ld build 0 station. $2.85
24.... 8ETTER SHORT WAVE RECEPTION-Orr (W6 SAI).
Ho w to b uy 0 rec ei ver, how to tcne it, ol ign it; build·
ing accenories; better ol'ltenno s; QSL's, mo ps, ouroro
ao oe s, CW re cept iol'l, sse re ce ption, e tc. Hand book f or
sho rt wcve list e mHs ond ro d io o mo te urs, $2 .85
28-TELEVISION INTERFERENCE-Rond (W lD BM). This is
t he outhoritative bo ok on t he sub ject of gelling TVI o ut
of your r ig s ced Ihe ne ig hbo rs sets. $1.75
60 • 73 MAGAZINE
32 -RCA RADIOTRON DESIGNERS HAND800K-1 500
pa g e s of design notes on every possible type of circui t.
Fabulous. Every des ig n el'lgil'leer needs th is o ne . $7 .50
33-WAVE PROPAGATION & ANTENNAS - Welch . Hig kl y
re com me nd e d by the p ropoga tion e xpe rts as t he best
Book on the subject. $5.75
40-RADIO HANDBOOK , 15th EDITION-Orr (W6 SAI).
This is for a nd a w a y the be st ama te ur ra d io ko nd book
e ver printe d. O yer BOO pa g e s. $8 .50
49-ELECTRONIC COMM UN ICAT10N-Sh,.de,.
Eve rything you need to ~now ebcut electronics.
electrici ty, and redlc t o pe ss FCC emete ur or com-
mercia l li ce nse e xeminefions. This ted has wha t
you hoped to find in the Amete ur Ha ndbook : de-
tailed thorough expleneticns of every phesa of radio
and electronics. 937 peqes. This is one of t he few
reail y com plete te xts on the su bject. $13.00
50-MICROMINIATURIZATION-Th is is the standa rd text
on the sub je ct. Don ' t see kow a company lib rary can
be wi thout t his one. Eve ry tking is going to hove to be
b uilt smoller, yo u know. $11.00
52 -HOW TO READ SCHEMATIC DIAGRAMS- Marks.
Componen ts & diag roms; e lectrica l, electronic, c e, de,
oudia, rf, TV. Starts w itk individuo l circuits and carries
tkro ug h comple te equipments. $3 .50
53 -BASIC ELECTRONIC TEST PROCEDURES-Turne r. This
book covers just a bout e ve r y possible t ype of e lect ronic
te st equipment and eltplains in detail how to use it for
every purpose. Te st in g : oudia equipment, receivers,
fr a nsmitle rs, tran sislars, p hofcce fs, d istort ion, t ube s,
po wer . • . e tc. $8 .00
55 -TRANSISTOR CIRCUIT HANDBOOK - Simple , easy to
unders tand explanation o f tronsis tor circuits. Do zens
of intere sting op plicatio ns. $4.9 5
56- RADIOTELEPHONE LICENSE MANUAL_
"Redic" has done <'I beeutiiul job of presenting
study meterie l in this 0 & A license guide. Even
if you Me not going for your comme rcial ticke t,
which is eccepted es proof of tec hnical knowledge.
you may want to use this menuel to keep trod of
how far you heve progressed in radio theory. $5.00
57-QUAD ANTENNAS -Orr (W6S A I). The ory, des ig n,
cons trUcliol'l a nd operat ion of cubical quads. Build -it
yourself info. Fe e d systems, t un il'l g. $2 .85
58-ANTENNAS FOR CITIZENS RADIO- O rr (W6SA I).
Ge ne ra l coverage, mo bile a nd di rec t iona l a nte n nos f or
27 mc. bo nd . Build & tu ne 'em. $1.00
09-5-9 SIGNALS-O rr (W6 SAI). A monual of p rocticc],
de ta iled da ta covering desigl'l al'ld const ruction of highly
e fficient, ineltpensive a ntennas fo r the amo teu r bonds
that yo u can build you rself. $1.00
72 -A8C's OF HAM RADIO-Pyle (W70 E). De si g ned f or
t he Novice ham. Includ e s a ll of the informat ion needed
to qua lify for t he Novice License. 112 pages. $ 1.50
74-HANDBOOK OF ELECTRONiC TABLES & FORMULAS-
Formula s & lo w s, constants, standa rds, sy mbols a nd
code s. Ma t h table s, misc. dato. $2. 95
75 -BUllD-A·WARD QU AL8UM- Mou nt you r p ri ze QS L's
in this o lb um. Room for 100 co rd s i" e ach al b um plus
la bels f or just abou t 011 po ssib le opera ti ng a wo rds. A
fine way to show off yo ur cards. $1.95
76-MODERN OSCILLOSCOPES & THEIR USES-Ruiter.
Second edi tion. Shows what 0 'scope is, what it does
o nd ho w t o use it for radio, TV, tro nsmill e rs, e tc. 346
page s. $6.50
77-BASIC ELECTRICAL MEASUREMENTS-Sto ut. Second
edifion. Covers oids to camputo tian, measu remen t of
re sista nce , golvanomelers, shunts , standard cells, poten-
t io me te rs, a lternati ng cu rren t bri d g e s, mu t uo l in d uctance
measurements, brid g e a cce ss o rie s, instru me nt tra ns-
formers, magnetic meosureme n ts • • • and lots mo re .
$1 1.65
MARCH 1901
 l 8- INTRO DUCTIO N TO ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS-Ja ckson.
Deals w ith e xact ly what e le ct ro nics and electrical en.
g ineering te chnicians need to know. Camplet. coverage
of e lectr ical circui t t he or y, f rom beginning le vel. De .
ve lo ps concepts of cu rrent, vo lt a ge, re sist a nce, work, a nd
power. Show s how to expand basic co nce p ts to solve
e lcbcrete dire ct ond alternating cu rrent netwo rks use d
in modem electricol and e le ct ro nic circuitr y. $ 11.65
79 - TRANSISTO R PROJECTS- Skip the theo ry ond stort
having fun. Radios: self powered, shirt po cket, rege n-
erative, carrie r-powe r, he a d ph o ne . Instruments a nd ac·
cessorie s: sine-square wo ve g enerotor, p reamps for
VTVM 's, g ain checker, s ho rtwave col ibrotor. phose
shift e r, sub st itu tion bO:ll . Plu s remote trons is tor ear, e le c-
tronic compou, simp le osci llo to r, lo mp contro l, mu lt i-
impeda nce am pl ifier, e lec tronic counter, porta b le power
supply • . . e tc.
80-S UR PLUS RADIO CONVERSION MANUAL VOLUME
NO . I (second e d it ion). This book g ives circ...it dia-
grams, ph otos of most equipmen t, and ra ther good and
complete convers io n inst r uct io ns for t he fo llo w ing : 8C·
221 , 8C-342, 8C -312, 8C·348, 8C-412, 8C-64S, 8C·946 8,
SCR -274N 453A se ries receivers con ve rs io n to 10 me ter
receivers, SCR-274N 457A series transmitters (co nve r-
sion to VfO), SCR-522 (8C·6 24 and BC -625 convenion
to 2 meters ), T8 Y to 10 and 6 meters, PE·I 03A, BC·
106 BA/11 61A re ce ive r to 2 me te rs, Sur plu s tube Inde x,
cross inde:ll of A/N tube s vs. commercial t ype s. TV &
fM channel s. $3.00
81 -SURPLUS RADIO CONVERSION MAN UAL VOLUME
NO . II. Origina l and conversion circuit diag rams, p lus
photos of mo st eq uipments a nd f ull conversio n dis-
cussion o f t he fo llowing: BC-4S4/ ARC-5 re ceivers 10 10
meters, AN/APS-T3 :Ilmtr/rcvr to 420 me, BC·457/ARC-5
xmtrs to 10 meters, Selenium rectifier power un its, ARC -S
power and to include 10 meters, Coil data -s implified
VHF, GO-9/ TBW, BC -357, TA-1 2 B, AN/ ART· 13 to ee
winding charts , AYT -1 12A, AM·2M AIC, LM f requen cy
me ter, rolotors, power chart, ARB d iagram . $ 3.00
82 -SURPLUS RADIO CONVERSION MAN UAL VOLUME
NO . III - O rig ina l and convers ion diagrams, plus some
photo of the se : 70 1A, A N/A PN·l , AN/C RC-7, AN/U RC-4,
CBY-29 125, 500B3, 50 141, 5220 B, 52232, 52302 -09, FT-
ARA, 8C·442, 453 -455, 456-459, 8C -696. 950, 1066, 1253,
24 1A for :Illal filter, MB F (CO L-43065). MD-7/A RC -S,
R·9/APN -4, R23-R-28 /ARC-5, RAT, RAY, RM-52 ( 53),
Rt-19/ARC-4, SCR -274 N, SCR:-522, T·1 S/ ARC-S to T-
23/ ARC·5, LM, ART·1 3, BC-31 2, 3 42, 34B, 191 , 375.
Schematics of APT-S, AS8-5, BC-659, 133SA, ARR-2,
APA10, APT-2_ $3.00
83-THE SURPLUS HANDBOO K, VOLUME I- Re ce ive rs and
Tra nsmitte rs. This book consists ",nti re ly o f circu it d ia-
g ra ms of surplus equ ipment a nd p hotos of t he gear.
O ne of t he firs t t hing s you re a lly have to ha ve to
e ve n sta rt consid e ri ng a con ve rs io n of surplus equip-
ment is 0 g ood c ircuit diagram. This book has the
follow ing : APN -l. APS -13, ARB, ARC-4, ARC-5. ARC -S
VI-l F, AR N-S, ARR-2, ASB-7, BC-222, ·3 12, ·3 14, -342,
-3 44, -3 48, -6 03, -6 11, -62 4 (SC R-522), 8C·652, -6 54,
·6 59, -669, ·683, -728, ·7 45, ·76 4, ·799, -794, BC-923,
- 1000, · 100 4, -1066, -1206 , - 1306, -1335, BC-A R-23 I,
CRC -7. DAK -3. GF-11 , Mork II, MN -26, RAK -5, RAL-S,
RAX , Super Pro, TBY, TCS, Re sistor Code, Capocitor
Co lo r Code, JA N/VT tube index . $ 3.00
85-50 YOU WANT TO BE A HAM-He rt l berg (W2DJ J).
Second e di t ion. Good introduction to the hobby. Ha s
photos and br ief d e scriptions of almost e very ccmmer-
cially available trCl nsmitt e r and receive r, plus eeees -
so rie s. Lavish ly ill u stra te d Clnd re adable . 52.95
Rl70-BASIC ELECTRON ICS- Rid e r. Five volume se t of
really illustrated b ooks. (I ) Power su p ~ li e s . (2) Ampli.
fiers. (3) Oscillators. (4) Transmitters. (5) Receivers. Soft
covers. $10.00
R199-GETTING STARTED IN AMATE UR RAD IO - Be re ns
(W2 PIK). Fu nd o me llfals for getting No vice License. $2.40
R221 -BUILDING THI AMATEUR RADIO STATION - Bere ns
(W2 PIK). Sequel to ebcve. Everything you need to know
to build your first hom sta t io n. $2.95
MARCH 1961
R23S-RADI0 CO NTRO L FOR MO DEl BUILDERS- W inle r.
One of t he best and newes t boo b a vailable o n RC. $4 .25
R245- HOW TO USE GRID.DIP OSCILLATORS- Tu rne r
(K6 AI). Co nstruct ion & use s, a n importan t bo ok. $2. 50
SNS8- S0UND·N·SIGHT COD E COURSE . Th ree 10" LP
re cord s ond in~l ructions fo r No vice code, 0·8 wpm. $9.50
SNS20 - S0U ND-N _SIGHT CODE COURSE 20 WPM. Ad -
va nced course from 9 ·20 w pm, thr ee 10" LP 's. $8 .95
SNS28-S0UND-N ·SIGHT CODE COURSE CO MPLETE . All
si:ll LP re cord s. 0 -20 w pm and full instruct ions. $15.9$
R261-MAGNETIC AMPLI FIERS. This new Rider
b od is a co mplet e home-st ud y course in M-A . Ex-
p li ci tl y ill ust ra t ed . W e d on' t fin d M-A in ha m
$2.90 use yet, bu t t hey ore g rowing in ind ust ria l USe es
more eng ineers underst oo d the application s of this
rela tive ly new device. J 12 peqe s. $2 .45
R270-REPAIRING TRANSISTOR RA DIOS. Rathe r
t ho ro ug h Rid e r bo oks wh ic h shou ld re move som e
of the mystery e nd fe e- from se rvic ing these little
b und les of t re nslstcrs. The b oo k is expen sive, but
you'll save more then t he p rice o n t he first set
you fix so rnevbe it is a bargain, eh7 The y hove
all o f t he t yp ica l ci rcuits t o help you a lo ng . $3 .50
G -83-FUN W IT H ElECTRICITY. This b oo k ought
t o fi re t he imaginatio n of the tee nage r. Build a
qefvencroeter, a d e moto r, an e c qe ne retor. e
so len oid, 0 spe ek coil , 0 Teste coil, etc. H e lps teech
th e basic s of electri city while hevinq fu n with simp le
p ro ject s. 128 peqes. $2.65
MMD-ELIMIN ATING MAN MADE INTERF ER.
ENCE. W hat make s it, how t o find it, how t o cure
it in homes, fecto ries. automobi les, eircre ft. b o ats,
etc. Or maybe you have n't been p lagued la tely.
160 pag es. $2 .95
NHP-BUI LDING UP YOUR HAM SHAC K- Pyl.
{W70E}. A p rectice l discussion of points to co n-
side r when you are buying hom e q uip me nt , co m-
p le te with d e sc ripti on s of mu ch of th e evelleble
com me rc ial g ear. It' s just po ssible th at Pyle might
keep you from making 0 mistok e which would cost
a lot more than his boo k. $2 .50
QAN - SECOND C LASS RA DIOTELEPHON E
HANDBOO K- Noll (W3 FOJ). Everythi ng you
need +0 know t o P<'lSS t he FCC exam and get ste-t-
ed se rvicin g two-woy e quipment. Much more than
iust a 0 & A rnenu el. $3 .95
Order Form
I 2 S 6 8 10 r 3 16 20 2 1 22 23
24 28 32 33 40 49 50 52 53 55 56 57
S8 69 72 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82
83 8S R170 RI99 R221 R235 R24S SNS8
SNS20 SNS28 R261 R270 G83 MMD NHP
Q AN
Name C all .
Address .. . . . . .. .. . ... ... . . .. . . . .. ...
C ily . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Siale . • • • • • •
RADIO BOOKSHOP
1379 Easl 151h Sir eel. Brooklyn 30, N. Y.
(N.Y.C. add 3% lax)
73 MAGAZINE • 61
 Save I Lea rn I Have Fun-
Build!
x recent years the myth tha t it's cheaper to
I buy Own to b uild has been gaining accep-
tance as fa ct among a g reat man y rad io am a-
teurs. Thanks to the prosperity wh ich our
country now enjoys, a large number of U .S.
hams can alford to pu rchase the ultimate in
ch rome p lat ed kilowatts, p recision receivers
and delu xe beam untcnuns. \ Vhile attem p ting
to emulate these fortunat e fellows, less ulllucnt
hams resort to all sorts of lud icrou s rationaliza-
tions in order to salve thei r consciences for
spend ing so mu ch un what is, afte r all, ouly
a hobby.
O zzie (short for O strich ) Ham, the one who
prefers to bury his head in the sand rat her
than to look at unpleasant facts, will tell you
that his new rig set him back only $200. H e
neglects to mention th at he had previously
paid $150 for th e transm itter he traded in on
the new one a nd he happily ignores the $20
to $30 carry ing charges he's going to donate
to the fin ance company as part of his time
payment .
T rade-in Tommy has co nv inced himself
that, in the long run , home-brew eq uipment
costs a Jot more tha n facto ry bu ilt gear. H e
points out that nowad ays it is very difficult
to locate a bu yer for a used compos ite rig.
Furthermore , a dealer won't even consider
such equipment as a down payment on a fac-
tory produced transmitt er. T ommy p refers to
overlook the fact that the p arts fro m an old
hom e built rig either fi nd their way in to a ncw
transmitt er or else they are stored in the junk
box for futu re use. True , these parts won't
bring much at resale, but to the ham who owns
them they a re just as good as mon ey ill th e
bank. Maybe even bett er, if you weigh infla-
tion caused p rice advances against bank in-
terest rates.
Cautio us Kenneth naivel y assumes that a kit
or a factory wired piece of eq uipment is bound
to p ut out a superior sig nal that won't get
him in trouble with the F CC . \Vhilc th is is
usuall y true, a poor qualit y signal can be
generated by a rig carrying a famous man u-
facturer's label. A friend of mine, for examp le,
ow ns a $400 transmit ter th a t wob bles all over
th e place w hen amp li tude mod ulated 0 11 ·10
62 • 73 M A G A Z IN E
Hertle od B. Smith W 8VV D
46 7 Perk Ave.
Birmingha m, Michlqen
meters. Another fe llow 1 kn ow also has one
of these beautifully styled instruments.
Beca use of TVI, he w as p ut off the air by a
visiting F CC inspector.
Almost every case of really objectio nab le
spla tter I've heard on th e phone bands in th e
last 3 or 4 years has resulted fro m over m odu-
lation of on e very pop ular transmitter model.
Another well kn own produ ct puts a truly ob-
noxious signa l right in the midd le of the 160
meter Loran assignment when it is supposed ly
tu ned to 7 ,~ meters. So you see, even though
a lot of engineering kn ow how is behind the
des ign of a commercial rig, now and then
somewhere a long the prod uction line some-
body goofs.
H ig h Po wer H arry bought his costly com-
mercial rig because it is rated at 2000 watts
PEP. An old time A~ l'er . H arry didn't read the
fine print which claims an output of only 300
watts on that mod e of transmission .
Hu rry Up H al says he's too busy to b uild.
He ju st ca n't stay off the air long enough to
roll his own . H al's forgotten that it 's possible
to derive a great deal of satisfaction from cre-
a ting something with a soldering iron and a
screw driver. In fa ct, buildi ng can he just as
much fu n as yakking on 75 w ith the natives
of New H aven, Nashville or X utlev.
- y con-
1£ you've read this far, you've probabl
cluded that I'm one of those miserable old d ie
hard s who spends most of his tim e w rit ing
nasty letters to ham magazines a bout the
bumper crop of kn ob twisting nitwits who in-
habi t the a mateur band s these da ys. On the
contrary, I believe it is a privilege to live in a
country w here so man y individ uals can truly
afford the fi nest ma nufact ured eq u ip ment that
mon ey can b uy. Fu rthermore, I'm proud th at
my chosen hobby is one which p rovid es year
'round pay checks to hundreds of American s
who a re em ployed lry receiver. tran smitter a nd
antenna manufacturers. H owever, I do feel
that a lot of newly h atched hams, the kind
who've never wound a coil, held a soldering
iron or bu ilt a beam, get too litt le pl easure for
each dollar th ey invest ill th e radio game.
]f you ha ve a well padded bank account
or if you live ill a small apart me nt 01' a house
MARCH 1961
tra il er where you ca n't fi nd room to set up a
mod est workshop, factory built gem obviously
is th e ans wer to your requirements. On the
MONOBAND BEAMS
o ther hand , if you must think twi ce before
spend ing a dollar and if you can locate enou gh 10 METER-3 Elem ent • • $21.50
Model No. A28-3. boom 10' x 11h"
space for a small workbench somewhere in 10 METER--t Elem e nt • • $42.50
your hom e, I contend that it will pay you to Model No. A28 -.4. boom 18' x1 %;"
cons ider th e advantages of building as much 15 METER -3 Elem ent • • $32.50
Mode l No. A21-3 boom 12' x 1%;"
of your ham gear as possible . \Vhat are th ese full Sized 20 METER-2 Ele ment • • $45.00
advantages? Am on g th e morc important ones
a re the follow ing: •
W ide Spoced
Model No. AU·3. boom 10' x 1%"
20 METER-3 Ele ment • • $62.50
Mode l No. AU-3. boom 20'6".. 1% "
\VH EI\· YOU nUIL.D IT YO UH SELF YO U I :\' CH EASE
YO UH STORE OF P HACTICAL K:\' OWLEDG E. -S ome
•
Light Weight
See your d istributor o r w r ite f or
~fREE CATAl OG ",.'l'I
hams attempt to lord it over th eir Citizens __ ...••.••••.•_ ST.
Badio breth ren by boasting of the difficult
CUSHCRArl MANCHESTER N . H.

theoretical examin ation w hich must be passed

before a license is gra nted . Actuall y, though, 50 ,000 SOLO IN 6 MO NTHS! LE KTRON EXCLUSIVE
MONEY
just about any halfwa y intelligcnt hum an being JUMBO PAKS by the POUND ~~~~o",e.
has th e ab ility to memorize the contents of RADIO-TV PARTS- SOO to 1,000 p u p er pound l
the License Manual a nd sq ueak b y th e ama-
teur exam w ith a passing g rade. In view of
this fact, it is hardl y surpris ing th at so many
D O N E POUNO
Prerl sion RKi st on
D
W O lt TIl $100
ON E P O U N O
$ o O NE POU ND
Di sc•• Cenmies,
Preci sion.
W O RTII $70
Dis c. & Ceram ics er 0 ON E POU NO
ama te ur operators know little more about what WOltTJI H 5
P
pou n
d Ceram Ie COIId enUM" '
WORTH $85
goes on beh ind the fron t p an el of a transmitter o O N E POUND Clip out o O NE POUND
Disc Condensers & mill Tubular CondelK«'
than do their mail ord er counterparts on the W OltT H $50 W ORTH $85
Citizens Band. BUY 4 PAKS & PICK THE 5th FREE
You ca n read all kind s of text b ooks. You
;:,'.:.~~ o";"'L'bI"::i,~' .J~~I~~~
LEKTRON
Fr e e
can commit to memory every word in th e in- co tolog pollllI:e; n rl'ss retu rned .
Writel C.O. D , orders , 25 % down;
struction manual tha t ca me with your commer- r ate d , net 30 tll)'I. J:\CLUDE
24 ~ zveeett Ave .. Che lsea 50. Mas•• I'() ~T.\L ZO:\f; 1n addre...
d ally built rig. Never theless, until you've ac-
tu ally worked w ith p arts and have assemb led
them into a prop erly functi oning electronic
device, you ca n hardly claim to he a well
round ed master of th e amateur radio art.
A ham who d oesn't build is analogous to a
chem istry or physics major wh o has never b een
RICEs EDUCED
inside a lab. I t's tru e that the ans wers to most We take great pride in prod ucing the very
techn ical qu estions will be found in hooks. fin est Vlf F equipme nt th at can be mad e. If
H owever, if you discover the ans wers while rc u are interested in serious VHF a nd U HF
actually working with a rig you've cons tr ucted, work the n you'll wan t a T apeton e Conve rter.
yourself, the information you glean will take Fe w amateur worksho ps ha ve th e tools and
on added significa nce and will really stick wi th equ ipment needed to produ ce th ese fi nely
you. cra fte d conver ters.
As the home constructor assem b les an elec- In order to serve you faster and more per-
tronic gadget, ail e pi ece at a tim e, h e becomes sonally we a re now sel l ing ou r unit s directly
fa miliar w ith the location of each p art in his fro m our laborat or y. Th is i!'o the only practi cal
rig. During the debu ggin g p rocess which syste m si nce each con vert er is pract icall y cus-
us ually follows the completion of home built 10 m built a nd tuned.
gear, th e experimenter learn s the effect of a
Converters for :
little more resistan ce here, a sma ller coil there , 50__108__144__220 __432__1296 me
etc. H e gets the feel of his eq uip ment and
therefore doesn't hesitate to di g in when some- Send fo r a complete descrip tion of our ma ny
thing needs to be repaired. U nlike many models anti th e lat est prlce list. Prices have
"buyers," a "builder" is seldom overawed by been red uced on all conver ters.
the com p lex wiring so often encountered in
today's receivers and transmitters.
H o ~rt: BUILT GEAR CAX BE :\ L\ IlE TO OUT-
PEJlFOIIM S I:\IILAHLY r-ru cun CO :\ I :'\ I E HC I .-\ L
TAPETONE 10 Ardlod Place
Webster, Mass.

MARCH 19b1 73 MAGAZINE • b3

EQU1P~ IEXT .- ~ lass produced items m ust , of
necessity, con tain com promises b etween per-
f nrmnncc and price. H ere is where the h obby-
ist h as a distinct advan tage. H is lab or costs
not h ing and if h e's ingen ious , he call h old
com ponent cost to a relativel y low figure. T ak e
for example VF O·s. I've wired tip two d ifferent
"FO kit s and have extensively experimented
wit h a th ird . Not o ne of th ese ap p roach ed in
performance ( m ech an ical a nd electr ica l sta-
bility, case of tuning ) a \ ' FO which I built.
myself, at a cost approxi mately eq ual to th at
of th e least expensive kit.
I know a fellow who wanted an antenna
wit h so mu ch ga in th at it wou ld put him wa y
above the Q H ~ I and would provide consistent
QSO's, even under the most adverse condi-
tions. Il l' had to build it, him self, b ecau se
there is • nothin g in the catalogs th at can ap-
proach its performance. You see it's a 10 meter
Quad - wi th tu:clce d em ent s.
H o vnc BU ILT GE ..\ H CAX BE T ..\I LOHED TO
voun SPECIFIC XEEDS. - I wanted an effec tive
beam th at wou ld cover 10, 1.:5 and 20 m eters.
Becau se of nearb y tree branches, no element
could exceed 18 feet ill lengt h. Out of respect
to my fl imsy mast, th e weight , incl u d ing rota-
tor, cou ld n't be m uch more thail 10 p ou nd s.
To top off my requirements, the radiator,
director and reflector must h e tunable, b y rc-
motc control. from the shack . Th e fin ish ed
product met everyone of my specifications at
a cash ou tlay of less th an ten d ollars.
Tne 1I0 "I E COXSTHUCTOR XEED XOT P.\Y F01\
U:'\ :\ ECESSAHY FEATUHEs.- ln order to please
the vari ed tastes of p rospective bu yers, a m all-
ufncture r mu st Includ e as many Features as
possible in the g ear he markets. T his may
mak e for versatile performance, hu t it a lso
adds to the sell ing price . I'm not in terested in
HT TY so wh y should I pay to have FS K b u ilt
into my rig? I don't like VOX. For th is r eason ,
w hen I built m y SB rig , I left ou t this an noy-
ing ( to me ) feature. Thc money I saved by
th e omission h elped pay for other fea tures th at
1 wa nted to incl ude .
A FELLOW WIIO HUi LUS OUTA IXS EXT1\A
I'LE AS UII E F IlO" 1 ill S 1I0BB y.-\Vhether yo u
follow a ci rc uit that h as ap peared in a maga-
zine or design your own rig from scratch , O!lCA
yo u have it co mpleted and on th e air, you'll
exper ience a ft'elill g of accomplis h ment that
can never be enjoyed by the fe llows who b u v
kits or factory wired gear. \ Vhen a fa r off
station comes h ack to a call from "your baby"
b4 • 73 MAGAZINE
you'll be filled with a pride th at must be ex-
p erien ced to be appreciated. An d when n on-
techn ical visitors eomc to the shack yOll ca ll
rig htfull y b oast that "you made it, yourself."
HOM E COXSTnUCTIo=, GETS YOU OUT O F -rtu:
STE HEOTYI'ED QSO uu-r.c-Hnve yo u really
liste ned to the kind of QSO's that are preva lent
today? A typ ica l transm ission gees someth ing
like th is: " Hig In's an 1'\'300 feeding an NC 47
beam with an XX 22 for a hearing aid ." That's
all th ere is to it. 0:0 more d escription of the
la yout is req uired , b ecause everyone knows
just what these mass produced items look like .
W he n the home constructor goes on the air,
h ow e ver, th is is not th e case. Ea ch piece of
gea r he's put together is a c ustom job. E ven
th ou gh much or all of it may have been cop ied
from a simila r un it, 1I 0 ot her h am gad ge t is
exact ly like it. Conseq uen tly, a tho rough over
the air description is in order. This takes tim e
and before yo u realize w hat is h appening, a
goo d old fa shi on ed rag chew is in progress,
since the boys involved are d oing more than
ju st spouting model nu mb ers.
True FELLO W W IIO B UILDS illS o w x DOEs~lT
SHY .\ \\"AY FHO),[ CIHCUIT CIIAxGEs.-T he owner
of a commercia l u n it seldom cares to m ake
revision s that m ight adve rsely af f ect the r esale
va lue of h is eq u ip men t. O n the other h a nd ,
a home constructor has no such q ualms.
\\'hen cver he wants to improve p erform an ce
b y tryin g out a new circuit , he merely p lugs in
his soldering iron and goes to work.
IT COSTS LESS TO HU ILD TIlA;-'; TO HUY. -U n-
d onbtedly the most important reason for con-
structi ng your own ham gear, as far as the
fellow wit h a thin b illfo ld is concerned , is
th at b y so doing you ca n save money.
About a year ago I decided to up-date my
rig by adding a bundswitchi ng fi nal fo r C \V,
A~I and SB. Th e am p lifier I hn ilt is capab le
of 1000 wa tts PEP inpu t as a linear. In C lass
C service it is rat ed at 500 watts C \V and 400
watts plum e. From th e time I firs t thou gh t
of bu ildin g th e am p lifier, until I h ad it com-
p leted and on the air, 1 paid out less than
S8.00 for new m at erials. All the rest of th e
pa rt s came fro m m y junk b ox. Usin g todu y's
ham logic, the entire amplifier cost me less
th an a penny a P EP watt.
Actually, so me time ill the past, I had to p ay
for most of th e parts I took from the junk box.
T hus, in order to fairly evalua te the tota l cost
of the amp lifier, the orig inal amou nt paid for
all co mponents prohah ly sh ou ld Ill' fi gured in .
Wh en this is done. the pri ce tag reads $27 .H-t.
Even if 1 d id n 't have a ju nk b ox to rel y on nnd
had found it necessary to purchase every part
MARCH 1901
 new fro m a current catalog, the price of the
linear would be only $95.00. This is somewhere
between ]~ and ~ of the cos t of a kit or factory
wi red amplifier with simila r characteristics.
The true hom e builder, of co urse, seldom
buys a ll of his pa rts a t 40 and 2 off list. In-
stead, he is consta ntly on the lookout for b ar-
ga ins. li e picks up usable tubes and trans-
mitter components for a fraction of thei r
original cost a t ham club swap and sho p
sessions. IIe cannibalizes war surplus equip -
ment for needed parts. li e purchases small
items such as res istors and capacitors in kit s
or by the pound . He carefully scrutinizes the
ads in the back pages of ham p ublications
while searching for low priced items. E ven
throngh th e heyday of surpl us, with its 5U¢
beam rotators and 79¢ 30 I'I'L's is long gon e,
a fellow with a sharp eye can still save plent y
of mone y when buyin g mat erial for eq uip ment
construction.
" 'HAT A BOUT A P PEAHA:'\CE?-~ Iany home
constructors lack the shop facilities and me-
cha nical know-how required to give th eir gear
that sleek fact ory styled look. This is, how-
ever, a rat her insignifi cant drawback, because
the fellow on the other end of a QSO isn't
interested in the appearance of yo ur rig. All
he cares about is how it sounds over the air.
By observ ing th e ru les' of good engi neeri ng
p ractice , the home const ructor should he ab le
to produce a rig that rivals or even exce ls
the performance of the average p iece of com-
mercial gear.
Of course there is no law wh ich says th at
home b uilt eq uipment must have a n amateur-
ish look about it. Take th e case of one of
mv fri ends. Alth ough he owns a top notch
c(;mmerd a l kilowatt, he still enjoys building
accessories for his station. Recent ly he pu t
together a keyer that is a superb example of
craftsmanship . The unit works perfectl y and
vet
•
it cost him on lv• one third as much as the
(Cont inued on p age b7)
sr~~~~~~SUE SPRING 1961 CALLBOOKS
The SPRING issues of the CA LLBOOK e re now on sal e at you fav.
c rite rad io p e rts st ore . Be sure to ask for your copies of the latest
edition. Or ord e r d ire ct by m.. i1 fro m the pub lishe r;
United States Sedion. per copy
(All K & W 0011,)
Foreign Seetion.
(All countries outsid e U.S.A. )
RADIO AMATEUR CALLBOOK, Inc.
4844 Fullerton Avenue , Chica go 39, Illinoi s , D ept. SY-2
MARC H 196 1
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •• • • • • • • •
: KEEP CANDEE HAN DEE! t
; FAMOUS Q 5' E R I l I
T h is 11 t he lllntaloulou s one ! 1!10 - .'I ~O ke. The r e -
,.elvH .'0'01.1 '\'0 heen leoklng ror al on III , $9 .95
BC -454 : 3 -6 M e 7.9 5
I3C- 455 : 6 -9.1 1I: 7.95
MD _7 MOn UlATOR : !'Ireda l 3,95
A TRIO OF HEADSET BARGA INSl
HS -23: H I Im pedanre. Leather eecerea h eadb and .
Hrand ntw. G reat tuy. On ly _.• ... .. ••.. .•.... $4 .95
!• HS· 33 : Low Im peda nee. Leather coreeed head-
hand. B r and new. A. J . J . Ca ndee S Ilf"C i:ll _ •••. 5.95
HI F i Head set : 15 ,000 ellel esl Ura ml li e ", '11 t h
rh am OI! cushion s, I I " terr l ne l O nly . . . • . . • , . ... 8.95
CO · 3~7A Hea dset Exten ai on Cord : n r and new.
,\ nnroxlmlllf'l." Ii ft, len l!Ih, On l." " " .49
AP H- I FM TRANSCE IVER
4 ~O ·4 60 ?of e. Comnt. wnn 111 10.·• . Ext . t:a $2 .'lfi
.' I>p ros. s ill>. "I . per u n il 25 II;B TW O for 5.00
•
YO U GOT IT! WE WANT IT ! LET 'S DEAL ?
We 're payl n\( top sn
tor GHC~9; I'UC -6. - 8. -9. - 10 ;
• G~-:; ~A : All electron ic 1"'5t e,,"ln.
APX - 6 TRANSPONDER
A m idget warehous e ut I ' il ttl ~ u tc were. t hree " e",der '
n "ot ecunre rs . I . F . st ri ps. ,a.· l\y, m' t'r 30 l ulJu. ere.
Inel ud es 3 E29 h lbe. Good r un d. A HTJo:,\ J. AT O"" I.Y
(2 for $UJ ,Oll) $9 .95
R- 4 A /ARR ·2 RECE IVER
23 4 -~ :;S .\ f l'. :1 IU I)~ s . ' ~ Il l<' . II.Ul ~ hl e le.'eh-cr, ~ ..e
AlI£ ./ :;l< l: ,Q .\ fa g Dzl ne for eon. er etcn. 1';lo:l'e lJ e llt etllll.!.
T W O for u.oe. Each $2.95
1- 208 FM S I GN AL GENERATOR
FrI'Q. ran J:"n : 1.9- 4.5 ) It·. and 1!l-4 5 )I e. Fre qu ",Ilf'Y
d nlat llJlI ",ay be adjulIl'tf 0.:-' ke. to r 1.9 ·4 .5 ~I ". a nd
0- :-'0 kc. each d de for the 1\1-45 ~Ic. ba nd . W ith
output meter and 5pnke r, 11;). 60 cycles or 12 VIl C
Input . Jo:sc" lI ~nt cumUU"n..•...• .. .• .. .• • .......•. 549 .95
All i 'e".. "011 Bu rba"" , Calil•• , ,, b jed prior , .. I... '0
1" (:0.1 /1. a,I,1 4 0/0' su», order $3.95.
J. J. CANDEE CO. D.pl. MS
501 No . V ict o r y Blvd., Burb';l n k , C al if.
.•..•. ..... .......... .. ...........
Pho ne : Vittorio 9·2411 •
CO R- M AC CUBICAL QUAD ANTENNAS
FOR 2 AND 6 METER S
W ill I' TO\' I<I,> nre ater Kaln ,.-lIt> less elem.. nts t ha n Ya gl tHJoe
;lrrJln
.\ lll l'llllaInput 11TIIw,'anl"O " 'Ill mutch a ll}' s ta n<l ll r <l "(I-adal
"lIhl,., .. lJlIlln 'lIln K need tor l r lr ky mutr-hlng d,'\' ''''·~ that can
'·. U' f' sever.. l~ '" t"I" tos se s.
Hroa ,l t u nlnK l 'ro\"I" ~ s row sl and inll \\'a\'e r a Uog OHr enure
ha nd ,
l.arJ; " ..a nture area. 10... engle of radiation and wme l' md f'fH")'
rur ~!O d ellrt-e "'(>SB I>Ola r lzcd Jlg n.:!.1 Ir a nsm ls sion and r ocept l on .
l 'llm plf'll' kil l . II'S! e tem em ..-Irl' . re'lul rln\( 0111)· 8trr'l" d r iver
an,l pl il'U roe a "~"mhly . .\11 ma.. h inl'<1 aluminum co.,. t rut'1jon
"lt h ut'l'flli<>n rJI 6 m..lf'r ,,'ood li"''''" 1 "j, rf'a li..-n.
2 mel",,". 2 e l""e nt por ta b le qu ~ d wi t h eleme nt wire @ $ 12.50
P ~t " aid
CUSTOM BUILT 2 AND 6 METER QUADS
4 ele ment 2 @ $ 19.50. 5 element 2 @ $24.50,
2 element 6 @ $ J 8.50, 3 eleme nt s @ $24.50 ,
4 elem ent /) @ $29.50
All p rice s f ,O .B.: Worehouse o n cus tom o ntennos
J. S. MacELROY CO., INC.
H Trin ity P lace, N .Y. 6 , N .Y.
$5.00 p lu s 25 ¢ for
mailing .
copy
pe r , ,., $3 .00 plus 25 ¢ for
mailing.
73 MAG AZINE • 65
 SPERA ELECTRONICS
37-10 33RD STREET LONG ISLAND CITY, NEW YORK
Phone: STillwell 6-2190-STiliweli 6-2199

GELOSO Two Meter VFO-Transmitter

Stable YFO or Xtal

144-148 me

-
4 Calibrated
Wired ready to use,
not a kit
Me d el 4/ 103
- 6CL6 YFO
6CU Xtal Osc
VFO with
dial
$2 9.95
- 12AT7 Multiplier
5763 Output
(less t ub e s & xta l) 12 me Xtal$
Will drive an 832 or 2E26

This GelO!'H \' FO makes an ideal exciter or low power transmitter. Th e "FO opera tes on 18 me
and is mult iplied to 144 0 1(' . The xtal osc. opera ted Oil 12 me a nd multi plies li p 10 144 me. Ha ndy
for nel s, ope rating nea r ba nd edges, CA1\ )IAH S, etc . A set o f tubes for the r ig are only ...6.75.
)I ode! 4/102 Yf'O, 5 Lands (80-10.\1), a-sembled , wired, tested anti cal ibrated. Will drive a pair
of 807 ' ", or 6146'". Price, with di al, but le-e tubes : 29.95
P I Tu ning Coils. complete with Land chan ge swit ch . )Iodel 4/111 for usc with parall el 807\, or
6146"s a nd Mudd 4-/112 fur usc wi th ;;i ll ~d e 807 or 6146 (60 wans ) . T unc 80-10 met er". Coil is
l % " x 3=}'l " a nd mounts to 3}1" dept h . Price for either: $-'1 .95.

Modulation Xfmr for Geloso VFO .. ,. $4.95

MINITRIP
Th is is a real fan cy fuse. It costs a Lit extra, but
it provides safe prot ection fur your gear without
burni ng out every tim e you have a brief overload
or a q uick short. If the overload persis ts the
1\1 initrip will blow oul. T hey are availab le in cur-
n-u t ra tings of 100, 150, 200, 300, 500, 750, and
lOOO mao They will stand a 100% overload for
about 45 second", a 200% overload for about 12
seconds , 300 % for 7 seconds, a nd 500% for about
four seconds. Cur re nts up to 4-0 tim es th e rated
will he tolerated for a fra ction of a secund.
)I ini trip ... 69¢ each
Crystals Type FT-243, any frequency 50¢
7725 7900 8000 8025 8050 8075
8100 8150 8175 8225 8275 8300
8325 8350 8375 8400 8600 . . . .
Cry.tal Type CR27/U freq 28.55556
me, fine for Heath or Johnson riCJs
for 10 meter band . 1.95
Crystals, RCA Type VC-5, 100 kc . 4.50
Crystals. RCA Type VC-5, 100 kc . 4.50
Meter: 0-500 micro-amps 2 1/2" round . 2.95
Helipot Linear 10K pot type SG354
5i'0 . .. . . . •. . .•. . ... • ..... • • • .• 1.95
Resistors, 1 i'o V2 watt. well known
make ..• . ....... . .. . • . ..• . . . . . . .06
4.3K 5.1K 7.5K 8.2K 9.1K 24K 27K
33K 36K 39K 43K 47K 56K 62K 82K
240K
GE Xfmr 6.3 /5.6a, 6.5/8a: 120v 60cy
p rl• • ••• •• • ••• •• • . . • • • • • . • • • • • •• 3.25
Fats. General Radio 471A 10 or 20K . 4.50
Relay. SiCJma 4F 8000 ohms. 1 ma, 5
prong can .••.... .• .•...... .... 4.75
Relay. time delay, WestinCJhouse, 2 sec
- 50 min. . . .. •.. . . . • .. •. • ..... . 6.50

And this is just a tiny fr action of the int erestin g ~ t ll fT I' ve got around . How'd you like 10 rea lly
see some li;;,t ;;, of equ ipment a nd parts ? Drop me a line or drop in and che w the rag. . . . Ru ss
\V2Ur U. And hey, don't pa ss up th at Celoeo VFO, you' II love it.

66 • 13 MAGAZINE MARCH 1961

 (C ontinu ed fro m pag e 651
factory mad e
fashioned .
article a fter which it was
VHF. UHF ~.s~~~~i~~68 FAIRFIELD. CONN.
\\' H AT A BOUT C O ~ I P ACTN E SS AN D C ONV EN I- DIRECTIONAL POWER COUPLER
E XCE?- ]f you have the p atience to d esign and so TO 500 MCS - 10 TO 1000 WATTS
redesign, and if you d on't mind working in 41NSTRUMENTS IN ONE
cra mped qu arters, you can come u p w ith some STANDING WAVE RATIO
prett y comp ac t gad gets . In m ost in stances, MODULATION MONITOR
FiElD STRENGTH METER
however. the average prod uct of a ho me work- LINE LOSS
52 ohm model: L52
shop is la rger than its commercial cou n ter- 75 o h m model , L75
pa rt. Alth oug h small size is often considered BULLET IN E·527 5
a virt ue, un d er ce rtain ci rc u msta nces it is a Each un it indiv id u o lly. o li g~ed 10 iro $24 50
su re pe rfe ci me ie r co flb-o t to n. •
drawback, es pecia lly w hen rep airs b ecome NUVISTOR PRE-AMPLIFIER
necessa ry. A lot fewer headaches a re gen- EX CEl LEN CE IN PERFORMANCE
era ted b y rack and pan el rigs with easily 4 MODELS TO COVER :
accessible com ponen ts than by com pact table 48·60 MCS-
toppers w ith the ir la yer upon layer of parts MODEl G·50
140·150 MCS-
sq ueezed int o the sma llest p ossible space. MODEl G-l44
210~240 MC5 -
MODel G-220
sp ite of the great variety
C Or-;'C L US IO X . - ! 1l 410·450 MCS
of kits and rea d y made eq u ipme nt now on the MODEl G ·432
market, and in sp ite of the convenience, com- BUllETIN E·5 12.4
pactn ess a nd excellen t ap peara nce of this gear, $ 19 9S E.och un it. individually o ligned fo r o p
• t ,m u m no ne figu re .
I believe that there is still a place in ham
417·A GROUNDED GRID PRE·AMPlIFIER
ra dio for the fellow who rolls h is OWIl . $2 1.95 LESS TUBE $39.90 WITH TUBE
If you want th e best p ossible p erform ance SELECTED DEALERS : KAUFMAN ElECTRONICS
73 Fro n k St ree t
for each dollar expended- If you w ant a rig Br id g e p ort, Co nn.
which boasts features not ordinarily includ ed DEALER INQUIRIES WelCOMED
in manufactured gear- If you want a trans-
mitter or rece iver ta ilored to you r ow n spe- .--_HAIL, COLUMBIA!_--.
cial req uiremen ts-If you w ant to increase your NOW!
p ractical and th eoretical knowl ed ge of elec- • Largest Store-W areh ouse in the co u ntry
tron ics, th en try you r ha nd at hom e cons tr uc- • Hu ge stock of elect ronic com p onents
tion. • Giga ntic surp lus d epartment
• Like E lectron icsville, ma n, all under one
I think you'll enjoy that wonderful feeling roof!
of accom plish men t wh ich comes only to those • Free Bull etins. \ Vrit e. T ry resistin g ou r irre-
w ho operate eq uip m ent that the y, th emselves, slstu ble b nrguin sl
have p u t toget her. • w e bu y u sed equi pment. TS . C UC, P RC,
vue, etc. Lei us hear from you.

Phone Patching COLUMBIA ELECTRONICS

.4365 W. Pica Blvd . (ne o r Crensha w )
OK between U.S. and Canada , Chile, l os Ange le s, Ca lif W E 8 -3731
Wh y b uy e lse w he re- w he n COLUMBIA u nde rse lls
C osta Rica , C uba , Ecuador, Haiti, Hon- e"""yone l
d uras, Li be ria, Mexico , Nicara g ua ,
Pa na ma , Para g ua y, Pe ru a nd Venezuela .
Pue rto Rico and Virgin Islands co unt a s
part of U.S.. as do U.S. licensed ove r- <3 ; -. ,/--G j ;D '-
se a s st at io ns using W - or K- prefixes Red uces interference and For A LL Ama teur Trlns·
Noh e on All Makes Shor t mltt ers. Guara nt eed for
(exce pt KA2- KA9). Wa ve Recei vers . M ak u Wor ld
Wide Reception Slrl nge r.
SOD Wi th P ower for Pi .
Net or Link Di rect Feed .
Clcarer on All Band a l Light , Nea t. Weath cTll roof
r'omptete n shown tot .1 Il'n gth 102 f t. wi t h 81 ft . of 12 ohm
ha la nN'd fl'l'd ll nf'. H i- Imp act molded r eson a nt t rap s. (w t. 3 Oll .
1" X" 5" If,ng). You just tu na to d esired b.nd for beatnltke reo
sults. E l celle nt for Af.T. wortd-wtde "~ort·"'a\'C r eeet vera and
amateur t rensmnters. For NOVIC E ,,:S D ALL CLASS AMA·
TE I ' R~ ! :'\'0 . :XTR .-\ ruSE RS OR G AJlG ETS :SEEDED!
Ell ml n .tes 5 Sft'a ", l e antpnnn with u:cl'lIenl t>I',fonn.nce
Incommunicado ltu.l1I nlf'f'i!. Use as Inve rt ed V for I II ban d powa r ga in. :-00
HAYWIR E HO e SE .-\ P I'EARA:SCE I EASY I:-OSTALLATIO:'\' 1
Don 't talk with t he follow ing : Cambod ia !<O · 40· :?0 ·15- 10 meter banda. Complete .••. •. ••.. .• . •.•• $'4 .95
40 , 20 · 1.'1 · 10 mete r ban d s. 54 · ft. ant. (beBt for w ·w 1'01'1'1) 13.95
:? 0 · 1.~· 1 0 mete r ha nd l . D ual Trap. 24 -ft. alllenn • . . . . . • . • 19. 95
FI 8, XU; Indo nesia PK, YB-YH ; Laos S E ND ONLY $3.1:;0 (<'I lh. ck.• mo l and pa y postman b.lance
COD plul poUage on . r rir al or I l'nd full pri ce for postpaid
XW8; and Viet Nam FI8, XV, 3W. dl'lI n ·",.
Aull able only trcm :
WESTE RN RAD IO _ DeDt. A7· 3 ~ Kea rne y, Neb,os5t:a

MARCH 1961 73 MAGAZIN E • 67

 RW SURPLUS SPECIALS
ARC· 2 Co llins Tra nsce iver, 2-9Mc. Cost
$2250. Snippi ng w i. leo lbs.• fo b Chi-
cago or los Ang e le s . While the y la st! . . . .
ARC ·3 Receiver AM 100·156 Me wi th sche-
matic ........ ............•....•.....•.
$59.50
12 .95
Who .When • •

ARC-S " Q'Se t" 190-550Kc. Used good . . . . . .

A RC·S 8(- 458 Tra nsm itt e r 5.3-7 Me. Used,
11.95
I T'S fun to tell a QSO-paI : "don't you re-
good 5 .95 member our first QSO on Februa ry 7th
aC·60J NBFM Rece iver, 20·27.9 Me. BrCII'ld
Newl 15.95 eight years ago, but frie nd, I haven 't received
8(·604 N BFM Transmitter, 20·27 .9 Me. See you r QSL yet. . . ." \Vell, we still ' remember'
CQ N o v. 1960 f or conversion 30 Wo th.
Bro nd Ne w ! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.95 h is name, his QT H, and maybe we can tell
Send Mone y Order or Check with order. him some more details of that QSO, too. And
Wr it . for Bulletin ::32- l 0 ADS OF BARGAINS. the chap is amazed at our mem or-y.
RW ELECTRONICS ' Veil , he re's the real truth: The contact real-
2430 S. Michig an Avenu e Dept. 73 ly was eight years ago , but by my honor we
Phone : CAlum et 5·128' Chlce qc 16, III. d idn 't dig out t he det a ils from the fi nal stage
bet ween our narrow s houlders . No, the info
was picked up from the file system.
If you have no file s ys te m yet, here's one
CONTROL your FREQUENCY which certainly is interesting enough to get
acquainted with. I do not aim to present thi s
WEll MATCHED ANTENNA SYSTEMS GIVE YOU
THAT STAND OUT SIGNAL a s the best and only one, but I have done well
ANTENNAS FOR EVERY PURPOSE w ith it fo r some yea rs .
G4ZU Minibeams and Birdcages Originally I printed a card quite different
Hy Gain Telrex Andrews from thi s one. It had s pa ce for the call, name
and QTH plu s date/QSL for the first QSO on
HF VHF UHF each band plu s s pa ce for the date of every QSO.
ROHN TOWERS-A Si;[e ond Height for ony occosion.
Rotolors, Cables, SWR Bridges, ete., Avoiloble . T his was alright a s long as I wa s operating
\Vrite for lliform(/ti()n- ~ Mention " 73" only CW on the bands. H owever , t he X Y I.
\\"rite N O\V got he r ticket and wanted fone, so I ha d to
change the cards. It became essential to re-
HOUSE OF ANTENNAS serve s pa ce for more details. Finally the pres-
1153 Ead 82nd St. C hicag o 19. III , ent card was made to meet the requirements
I
of any active amateur u sing any mode of
t ransmi ssion, C'V, Al\I or ssn.

The Curta Computer There are two si des p rinted of the cards.
The curd s are filed alphabetically a ccord ing
to the calls, and naturally the s ide with the
This. t he world 's smallest computer. is mode in (I
call s ig n is kept in s ig ht . So, here we go:
tiny factory up in t he mountains of liechtenstein. Al-
most unlcnown in t his coun try, t his is an incredible
Look a t the Fig. 1. The 'box' in the upper
inven tion. It will do everyth ing tha t 0 big d e sk type
ca n do, th o ugh it is only 2" in diamete r (2 ~!.l"
fo r the "big" Cu rt a) . If yo u hove to do a lot of J ohn. l:cl s i n}:i O!I2n-·
co lcu lo t ing in you r business and you woul d llke
something smaller or le ss ellpensive t ha n t he Mon - Bnd S SB PHO NE cw
roe or Frid e n. then send for lite rat ure . The " b ig" 3,5
,- 1-----'"'-;--1
I !
Curta has e leven Ice ys and will g ive em answer ac-
7 I 1 /1 / 151 Ix
curate to 1.5 dig ih. You can mu ltiply on 11 dig it
n um b er t ime s on 8 digi t nu mber a nd ge t you r on- I-To- 11LU,Q. X--Jl2Lai<7 'iX+£.8.L:lJ.
'-" /' 8 x
swe r to 1.5 p laces. Adds, sub t rach, m u ltip lies, d i-
1.2! 1/1/l5q x 7 / 6/ 60
v ides q uiclcly and accu rote ly. Talce s on ly a f e w
minutes to learn how to use. Rug g ed .
,

Cu r t. :\1 0,1<-1 1-( 11 I. I..... §

r.. r r ..~ u lt . . .• . . • • " $ 125.00
Curl. :\1 ..<1.·1 11-( 15 ,.la....
§
I.. .. r ..su l! ) •• .•• " •.. $ lb5.0 0
Further Information?
Write
RADIO BOOKSHOP
1379 East 1.5th Street
ri gh t corne r is reserved fo r t he call sign of
the station worked, the long space left from
the call-box is for the name and QTH. T ha t ' s
enoug h to tell the chap : "gld cuagn." For sim-
plicity I have taken my OW.l call a s an ex-
ample. If you find th e card in your file it
mea ns that you have contacted me before.
If you don't , just take an empty ca rd and
fill it. So we QSO'd, and y ou see : OH2YV
Broolclyn 30, N. Y. name is J ohn and QTH Hel sinki. Look st ill
at the picture No. 1. You see we have con -

b8 • 73 MAGAZINE MARCH 19b 1


Vhere .. and How
Joh n Velemo. O H2 YV
ta cted at lea st the foll owing : C' V on three
bands (7, 14 and 28 m e), A:\l on on e band
( 14 m e) and two-way SS B on two bands
(28 an d 14 me ) . Good, an d st ill you fi nd out
th at you have rece ived my QSL for a ll ot her
QSO s e xcept that on 28 me C W.-i.e. on th is
s ide of the ca r d you enter the first QS O on
each band and in e ac h e m iss ion type. The small
'box' is reserved for an " x" or a " v" or what-
ever ~'OU li ke to u se, whe n t he QSL f or th a t
ver y QSO ha s been rece ived . So now you un -
derstand the system.
T urn t he ca r d ove r ( F ig . 2). There I S
11 .1.
fI
I
I Hick Ok t y pe 533A. .
,, I Hickok t yp e 531A . . .. "
,I I I
,, .I
spa ce for 36 co nt acts . H e r e I write t he detail s
o f e1H' I' JI QS O, incl ud ing even t hose on t he
ti t le side. H e r e is spa ce fo r da te , band . emi s-
s ian type, and QSL received . For the em i...-
sion ty pes I am u sing following abbreviations:
C ~ CW, F = AM P hone , S = 2-way SS E .
Someone may th ink the ' QS L box' u seless . but
a s a n a ctive " aw ard hunter" I h a ve f ou nd it
essen ti a l beca u se ma ny certificates require t he
QSO t o be ma de after ce r ta in date. H er e you
ca n check both the date and QS L. Use just
any mark, my self I have used " v" when QSL
is o.k.-A s sa id th er e is space for 36 QS O's
O lt th is ca r d . A ctuall y t here a re not very
ma ny cases where I have got t o take a nother
car d after t he first one ha s been filled up to
the 36. H owever , due to the lim ited s pace in
my drawer I had to print these li t tl e cards
( size only a bout 3" x 5" .) If you h a ve m or e
s pa ce for t he file pr int larger car ds.
There is some s pa re s pace on both s ides of
the ca rd for possibl e ex t ra notes (club st a tion
ope r a tor nam es , p ower, etc).
\Ve ll, there it is. Now you k now my "damn ed
good me mory." A n yway, you ma y be su re t hat
the n ext t ime we meet I will not n eed to pick
u p you r card to r emember your n a me ; good
pal s re member th e names of each ot her with -
out a ny files . Just for sa fety sake le t me look
a t that card, how ever, h i.
Thanks f or t he interest ! H ope you got a n
id ea f rom t his.
MA RC H 1961
"New 19 61
Catal og"
* A como'ete cata~uK of apecialized H AM (a:AR ,
E lec t r .. ni c T UB E S li nd CO M PONENTS . . . fea.
t u ri n sr B a r r y Elect r unics s nvi n g s t o H A M S . Ser-
v ice m e u a nd !<:x pE'l"i m{'n t e l"s,
We h a ve hu ndr eds a f Buy s. Fird Quality at Sens ible
Price s . Buy wi t h confid ence ,
Pro ve the se va lues to you r$e lf! Co m pl ete and moil
the couoon b e low fo r you r co p y o f t he *G ree n $hee t .
Sp ecial s • , .
Hickok Mut ual Co ndu ctan ce Tu be Te $ters-
Limited Quant ity -Used , in goo d ope r-
at ing condi tio n,
Hickok t yp e 533 .. $110.00
, . 110.00
. 110 .00
Ken yon Pla te Tra nsf or mers :
Mo de l T-6S4 . Un ive rs a l tri p le w ln d :ng s.
1220 V. C.T. @ 250 Mo.; 157 J V,C .T.
@ 250 Mo .; 1570 V.C.T. @ 250 Mo. 33
Ib $. $52.75 li st . . , • Specia l p rice .. . " $ 17.50
Model T-659 . Unive r$o l trip le w in d in g s.
1300 V.C ,T. @ 300 Mo.; 1420 V. C.T,
@ 300 Mo .; 1420 V.C.T. @ 300 Mo , 48
lbs , 56 3.70 list. , . . Specia l p rice ., .•.• $ 22.50
We o r. aut h oriled fa ctory d istributo rs f or :
ADJ UST-A-VOLT, AM PERITE, BARKER &
W ILLIAMSO N , BURG ESS, CBS, CHICAGO
XF MR, COR N ELl-DUB l lI ER, R. t . DRAKE
RE CE IVERS, ElECTRO IMPULSE,
FOSTO RIA LA MP S, G ElOSO, G EN ERAL
ELECTil:OWCS, G LAS -lI N E, HA MMAR LUND ,
HE VI.D UTY XfMRS , HEXACON SOLDERI NG
IRO NS, HI· PAR AN TE NNA S, IND USTRI Al
DEVI CES, IN DUSTR IAl IN STRUMENTS,
E. f . J OHN SO N , MOS LEY ANTENN AS,
NAT:ON AL CO ., NA TI O NA L ELECTRON ICS
POW ER TUB ES, OSBO RN E TRANSC EIVERS,
STANCO R XfM RS , TEC H. MATE RI EL
CO il:P. RE CVRS/ XMTRS, TRI-EX TO W ERS,
UN ITED El ECTRO NI CS IN DUSTRIAL
TUBES, VIBROP LEX WESTING HOUSE & O th ers.
" ·..· 11 .1.0 purr-ha se )'uur plJ"lpn,.."t and unu<pd l ui '.... S..nd
d ..ta ll$: BAR RY ELE CTRO NI CS COR P . 5 12 Bru,d.... y,
New Yor k 12. N. Y. Dept. 31 .
r--------- j
I'lt'a '" ",'nd IIll' n ("Ol)}' or 11,,. 11("'" 1~I,il ~ ( ; "" 'n ~h l't' t and add
Ill)' u.nne to )·oa r ,ulll l:llK Iht,
I ( 37)
I
" arn e , , , r ur,
I I
( ['mllaoy , , . . , .... •.. ... . .• . . , ," ' , •.. ..
I Add:eu , .. , ,' I
I
- - - - - - - - - _ .....
Ci ty , , s tat e I
13 MAGAZIN E • 69
 THE MIRACLE IS POSSIBLE • THE IMPOSSIBLE CAN
BE DONE ADVERTISERS INDEX
ITS NEW, ITS COM PACT, ITS POW ERF UL,
ITS LOW IN PRI CE Ad Spec 71
PRICE Alden . . . . . . . .. ...... .... . 57
Algeradio 39
$39.95 Allied Ra dio . . . . . . . . . .. 73
N.t to Amot.un,
Campi.,. with Tube •.
5•• Your Dealer.
All t ronics-Howa rd . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 49
SEND MO NEY Amber Industr ia l . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 71
OROE Il:. A rrow Ele ctronics, Inc. . .. .... . . . 41
Price s Sub iect to
Cha nge without Barker & Williamson . . . . . . . . 47
Notice.
TUBE COMPLEMENT
Barry Ele ct ro ni c s 69
5763 finol Amplifier Ca llbook 65
6AQ5 Modulolor
6U8 Oscillator Multipli.r Call-D-Cal 40
12AX7 Speech Amplifier C a ndee . . . . . . . . . .. 65
EXCELLO ELECTRONICS PRESE.NTS .
A Ne w Lo w Pr ice V.H.f . Six Me ier Tra nsm,tte r wlred Central Electronics .. _. . . . . . . . 8
and te ste d w ith tube s. The Excello Mark II Six Me te r C lark .......... 55
Tro nsm itter is t he lo we st p riced six meter t ra nsm itter
o n t he morket today. Th is is no t a kit, but a co mplete
unit, read y to put o n th e a ir w ith a ny power sup p ly
Clegg . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . I
sup p ly ing 300 v, at 100 m.e. Columbia .. ... 67
TRANSMITTER FEATURES
Me te r In d icato r- Prov idi ng moni to ri ng of fi nal Tuni n g , C ushcraft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 63
G rid Dri ve and Mod ulation, a t a glo nce .
Tu ning Co ntrols-Tuning Contrals are a ll a n the fr a nt
Dale' s . . . . . . .. 45
Pa nel. Dra ke _ 7
Acce ss to Compon,:nls-Removoble Endosure gives ac-
cess 10 a ll Components. EICO _.. 5
T. V.!. Suppre ssion- T. V.1. Suppression is a ccomp lished Evans Radio . . . .. 43
by sh ie lding a nd design: . . . . " ..
Compoc t Size - Co mp lete size o f. urut IS '" x~ x6 mo.k- Excello 70
ing it one o f the Smo llest SIX Me te r Xmllters a vail -
a b le. Finney 35
Low Power Consu m pli on - 2 50 ·300 v , a t 75 m.O. 10 Gidge ts & Gadgets 51
Wa tts on the Ant e nna .
Gl obe Industr ies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Excello Electronics Co. , Inc. G onset C over II
196-10 116TH AVENUE • ST . ALBANS 12, N. Y.
LAurelton B-381)4 G raham _ 55
Hi-Par 71
Hou se of Antenna s . .... 68
Get Smart! International C rystal . . . . . . . 2
le arn
Build t hese and 13 other Ham Radi o Jeff- t ro nics 45
pieces of equipment wh ich KTV Towers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
the Easy Wa y
will enable you to learn
the in's and out's o f Rad io Lafayette Radio ......... 37
constr uct ion and ser vicing Le ktron ...... 63
lIa m gear. L-R Electronics . _. 55
LW Elect ronics ... ..... .. 53
R-F Signa l Ge nera to r McElroy ... . . . . . . . . . .. 65
AM XMTR Nationa l C over IV
A ll t he necessar y parts
Neil . .. . 47
and simple, easy to u n- Pete rsen C over III
dersta nd instructions ac- P&H 51
com pany each RTTA Radio Ama teur Ca llbook . 65
K it, wh ic h is desig ned
and engineered to meet
R-W Electronics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 68
th e most ri g id require. RTTA 70
me nte. Sho recre st .... .......... 49
Co rrespo ndence courses or residen t instruction a re
Spe ra 66
a va ila ble Ior bot h the beginner a nd for t he advanced Stella r . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 49
s tuden t ill a ll phases of Ra d io and E lectronics. Subscriptions to 73 .. . .. . . .. . 55
for information write to: Tapetone 63
1--------------------------------1 Telrex .. . 45
!I Radio Television Training of Ame;tc~
52 East 19th Street New Yor. , N. Y.
!I Texas Crystals . . . . . . . . . . . .
US # I Electronics . . . . . . . . . . . . .
59
71
VHF-U HF Associate s . . . .. 67
I Name " . .. .. .. I Weste rn Radio (Neb raska) 67
I Address . .. . .. . I
Western Radio (San Dieqo] . .. 49
I City State . . .. . . . I
1.------------------- . 1

70 • 73 MAGAZINE MARCH 1961

 (CW-Rny fro m p a g e 2 1)
rotary distribu tor contact an d a s ingle peak ed
cam which actuates a n ope rati ng lever th a t
adva nces the tape head one character for each
u. S. #1ELECTRONICS
o d ivision o f AMBER INDUSTR IA L CORP.
shaft revolution. T wo ap pr oa ches to t he p r ob- 1920 E. EDGAR ROAD IRight on Highway U.S. T)
lem bear prom ise. The s implest a nd th e chea p- Dept. A7
est woul d be to re place the ex is ti ng, single LINDEN , N. J .- a cro ss f ro m ESSO RESEARC H LABS
throw cam with a unit shaped to actuate the PLENTY OF FREE PARKING!
operating lever t wo or more ti mes per r evo- 30 minute s by Pu b lic Serv ice f rom N. Y. C.
lution of t he main s ha ft. The second approach ,
which is not eas ily accomplished or r ead ily TERRifiC BARGAIN ! GO · 9 XM1R, 100 W. 0.3-
r estorable, would be to increase the main sha ft 18 MCS 8 RAND NEW $59.50
speed by the installation of s pecial gears. T he 8C-603 RCVR G ood used w / tubes . $ 14.95
maximum operating s peed of the tape h ead 8C-603 RCVR Use d " o s is" I/ tubes . 4 .95
has not been determined, although the writer BC-604 RCVR Junker for porh ......•...•• 2.9:5
BC-604 XMTR Brand new .......•..•..•..• 8 .50
has hea rd repor-ts of a 240 ' VPl\I mod ification 8C-458 XMTR 5.3-7MCS Brand new .......• 7 .50
applied to similar equipment. SCR-522 XCVR W /lubes I;new . ..•...... . • 22.50
8C ·620 or 8C-659 XCVR Use d . 10.9:5
In su mma r y, the sys tem a s presented is PE-120 or PE-1I7 Vib pwr supply ••..... .. 3 .4:5
workable a nd will meet a number of amat eur
requi rements. The cost of t he mod ification is R-B /ARN -a 75 MC 8EACON RCVR 7 TUBES . 56 .00
AN /CRY. I SO NO BUO Y 70·90 MCS New •• 512.95
negligible and th e or ig in al util ity of the equ ip-
ment is not im pai r ed. Further, th e way is DM-34 DYN 12 " used 3 .50; new :5.00
open for those with the inclination, eq uipment 1-26 Mike s for mob ile s •.......... . $1.00 eo. :5/3.00
an d t ime t o in cr ea se the operati ng speed of TS-9 Telephon" Ha nd se ts 3 .7:5
TS·II Telephone Handsets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.9:5
the system. . . . Pafenberg HS-JO He o d se ts 1.50 eo. 41:5.00
.5f o r 5G Sync hro s 115 v 60 cycles 15.00 212.5.00
10 HfD 600 v GE o il co nd new . . . . . . . . . . 1.00
Tune Up With a So lar Batte ry 15 MfD 600 " GE o il cond new
.00025 MfD 8000 v peak [ond • ..... 1.00 eo. 6 15.00
1.50

human eye is probabl y the most sensi- THO USAN DS O f ITEMS-THOU SANDS O F BARGA INS I
T HE
tive homegrown transducer kn own, yet it
Write for fr ee lis ti ng-25% depo sit o n C.O.D. o rd e u-
Min im um o rd er S.5.00. All prices f.o.b . Linden, N. J .
does not diffe rentiate read ily between sma ll Price s Subject t o Change Wi thout Natice
ch a nges in light intensities, especially at high
ligh t levels.
w hen tuning a rig with a lamp for a dum-
my load, it is d ifficu lt to tell, by eye, whe n t he
r esonant point ha s been r eached. The lamp no YO U NE IW S S S S S
appear s a s bright a few degrees eit her s ide of OWN YOUR OWN BUSI NESS
resonance a s it does at reso nance. JFr;h~ Tmlay
A sola r battery, connect ed in ser ies with a
microarnmete r and held nea r the dumm y load AJ)·SPEC INC. - 6 LAMBEHT
lamp, wiII give a posit ive indication wh en the S I' Il IJ\G Fl ELD, ILUJ\OI S
ci I' cui ti s tun ('d t ore:; 0 n a nce. , . . W2"V Y l\[~d;;:;;:;;:;;:;;:;;:;;;;:;:;;:;;:;;:;;:;;:;;:;;:;;:;;:;;:;;:;;::;:;:;;:;;:;;:;;:;;:;;:;;:;;:;;:;;:;;:;;:;;:;;:;;:;;:;;:;~

Long .J011l1 Anienna

for 6 ~Ieiel·s
D. ·. i" n Crn l.-,. •••••. . _ . .••. ..• •.•• • •• • . . 5 0.5 ;\IC
Ga in . • • .• •• .. . . _ _. . . • • • • • 1 :1 un
rtn Hal i .. .. . . . . .•...••••. .••. .. . .. . . . . 23 DB
, ·.s.F.R. . .'.. _. _. .. I : I. I.· t loan 1.3: I .. ithi n 2 lUC
110 ,.... n pa m If'i,llh, . , . ,. " , .• .., 0
(~ po ..',.,.. p o l n h )
Im p e .lan c .. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • any .. t a"oI a roi .... .a. la l "ab l..
O,·.. ,...U ' '''' ll th _ . , . , . " . , . . . " " . , . • • •• •• 21 ' . (,"
1\'.., If'"illht , . , •• .••• , •• •• .••.• , • • • • , . , . 15 II. ~ .
Shippi". If'piCh' ••.••.• ••••• ••. • . .• .. . . . 20 lb ••
fEATURES
De signed fo r ma ximum forward goin .
Gomma Match for co-a x f eeder.
f inest g ra de aluminum tub ing.
Exceptionolly st ron g . ince ther" are no drilled
hole s .
All oluminum construction e lim ina tes e le ct ro ly sis .
Entir" b" om and s up p o rts can b e g ro unde d for
li gh t ni ng protection.
We o re proud of this new Lo ng J oh n Ante n na . We 've
tried t o put in every fea tu re you could wo nt. The re -
su lt is a reasonoble cost h igh gain beom which con
easil y b e put up and which will stay there procticolly
forever. It hos 0 w ide e no ug h lobe so you don't hove
to sw in g it oround 011 the ti me , ye t g ives you tre -
mendou s go in whe re y ou wont it.
AT l't)t' H D IST R IRVTORS O R W R ITE DIR ECT

HI-PAR PRODUCTS CO •• FITCHBURG. MASS .

M ARCH 1961 73 M AGAZIN E • 71

 big IIIEO clearance sale
of reconditioned equipment••• ~

• • •, •
I •

ALL WITH 90-DA Y

NEW EQUIPMENT
WARRANTY!

B&W Gonset Johnson

51 00 T ransmitter ,$219.00 6 M eter C onverter $ 49.00 M obil e T ransm ltter $ 49.00
Cenhal Electronics G -28 T rans ceiver 169.00 Challenger T ran smitter . . . 99 .00
2O- A Exc iter . 164.50 C om m u nicator 1\1 6 Met er 189.00 A d vent ur er T ransm itter. . . .".. 29.00
GC-l Ga te d A mp lifi er . 29.00 Comm u nicato r II 2 Meter •.. . . 149.00 275W Match Bo x Indic at or. .. 39.00
600-L A m plifier . 279.00 GSB-1 00 Exciter 379.00 GN 2 C onverter , 49.00
GSB·101 A m plifier • . . . • • . . . . 359.00 V ik in g I Tran smitter . . . .. . . . . 99.00
Collins G· 77 T ransmi tter ..•. ... ..... 169.00 Viking II T ran smitter 159.00
32V·l T rans mitter , . 225.00 G·77 A T ransmitter ...•. . .. . . 179.00 Pacemaker Exci t er 199.00
32V-2 T ransm itter . 249.00 G·66B Receiver •.. . ..• ...•.. 129.00 Thu nderbolt A m p lifier 399.00
32V-3 Tran sm itter _.• 329.00 Cou rier A m p lil ier 169.00
KWM -l Transceiver . 475 .00 Hallicrafters
310-B Tran smitter . 99.00 S40·B Rec ei ver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.00 Morrow
75A -3 Rec eiver . 349.00 S X·4 3 Rec eiver . . . . . . .. .. . . .. 79.00 MBR-5 Recei ver . . . . . . . . . . ... 99.00
75A-4 Rec eiver . 495 .00 S·77A Rec eiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.00 Falcon Rec eiver W / BC Band . 109.00
SX-100 Rec ei ver .......• . . . .. 189.00 MB-S60 T ransm itter 119.00
Eico MB-S60A T ransmitter 129.00
S X- 101 MK-1 Rec ei ver 199.00
720 Tran sm itter . . . . . . . . .. .. . 79.00 MB·565 Tran smitter 159.00
730 Mod ul at or . . . . . . . .. . . .. •. 49.00 SX-l 01 MK-2 Rec eiver 239.00
SX·101 A Recei ver 299.00 MB-6 T ran sm itter 129.00
Elmac S X·104 Recei ver . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.00 National
A·54H T ra ns m itt e r . . . . . . .. .. 54 .00 S X-62 Rec eiver 169.00 HC -88 Rec eiver . . . . . . . . . . . .. 69.00
P MR-7 Receiver 109.00 SX-99 Receiver ..... • ........ 114.00 Ne· g8 Rec ei ver . . . . . . . . . .. .• 89.00
Globe HT-30 Tran smitter 199.00 NC-173 Recei ver 119.00
LA ·' A mpl ifi er. , . 69.00 HT-31 Am plifi er 199.00 NC-183 Recei ver 139.00
Chi ef 90A Tran smitter . 32.50 HT-33 A m p li fier 299.00 NC-l 83D Receiver 199.00
Cham p 300A T ransmitter . 259.00 SR-34 A C·D C Tran sceiver 329.00 NC-1 88 Rec eiver . . . . . . . . . . . . 89.00
S co ut 680 T ran smitter . 69.00 Hammarlund NC-303 Rec eiver 329.00
Scout 680A Tran smitter . 79.00 HQ·1 29X Recei ver 129.00 HRC-SOTI Rec eiver 229.00
755 V FC . 32.50 HQ·1 50 Rec eiver 199.00 HRC-SOT Rec eiver 199.00
D SB 100 T ran smitter . 89.00 HQ-1 60 Rec ei ver 269.00 HRC-GOT Rec eiver . .. . 329.00
Knight HQ-l 80 Rec ei ver 329.00 P& H
R· 100 Receiver . . . . . 79.00 HQ.180C Rec eiver 339.00 LA-400 Grou nd ed Grid Linear 79.00
C·1l CB T ran sceiver 29.00 Heath RME
Lakeshore R X·1 Mohawk Rec eiver 249.00 4301 Sid eb and Se lecto r . . . . .. 49.00
Ph a semaster liB 199.00 T X-1 A pache Transmitter 229.00 4300 Rec ei ver 129.00
400GG A m pl ifi er 149.00 MT·1 Mob ile Tran smitter •. . . . 89.00 4350A Rec eiver , . .. 149.00
•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
•• EASIEST TERMS: A vail ab le on all lS-DAY FREE TRIAL: T ry any of 90-DAY WARRANTY: Allied Re- ••
• orders over $20 ; on ly $2 d ow n up thi s eq uip ment under you r o wn c ond ilion ed equ ip ment Is covered •
•
• 10 $50; $5 dow n fr om$SO-200;o nly conditions; if i n 15days you ' re no t b y th e same 90- d a y wa rran ty •
•
• $10 down from $200 up . U p t o 24 complete ly satisfied, re turn it for agains t defects in material or •
• months to pay . Fast ha ndling-no full refund . less only transpcrta- workmanship which co ver s brand- •
• red tape. tion cos ts . new equipment. •
• •
• ••• ••• •• •••• • •• ••• • ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
•
IMPORTANT: S ome It ems above are one of a ki nd . • • all ilems
SELECT YOUR NEW GEAR are subject to p rior sal e . .. send deposit to hold any Item .
from our complete 1961 For reconditioned DrlIew equipment, wrileto JimSommerville,W9WH F. C/ ll Allied. or slcpinand
444-page value-packed meet Joe Hullman, W9BHO ;Joe Gizzi, W9HlA, Burl Fisthel. W9VOB ; Jack Schneider, W8CZE.
calalog. If you haven't a
copy, wrile for it todoy. ALLIED RADIO
100 N. Western Ave., Dept. 150-C 1, Chicago 80, III.

73 • 73 MAG AZINE MARCH 19b1

•
 • •
It pays to U1SlSt on

sta s
STANDARD OF EXCELLENCE SINCE 1934
AMA T EUR T YPE S
Fundam enta l, PR Type Z-2
Freq u e n c y R an g e s i n K cs . : 3 ,500 t o 4,000 (80 M ) ; 7,0 00 t o 7,425 ( 40 M ) ;
8 .000 t o 8 .222 ( 2 M) ; 8 .334 t o 9,000 ( 6 M) .
Ru g g ed . L ow drift . fundan u.-. n t al os cill a t o r s. Hi gh activitv an d
p o w er o u t p u t. S tand s u p u n d e r m a x imum c ry s tal cu r ren t s. Stahle,
lo n g -la sti n g ; ± 300 cyc les __ __.. -- 52.95 Net
Th ird Overtane, PR Type Z-9A
H e rm e ticall y sea te d : ca lib rat e d 24,000 t o 24,666 :11111 2.; ,000 to
27. 000 K c., + 3 K c. : .050" pin s·_-_ __ · S4.95 Net
6 Meters, PR Type Z-9A
F ifth O\"crI OHe; for o pe ra t in g directly in ti-rnctc r band : he r-
m etically sealed ; ca lib ra ted 50 to 54 Xl c., + 15 Kc. : .0.i O" pins.
56.95 Net
CITIZENS BAND CLASS " 0"
Type Z-9R, Transmitter
FC C assign ed freq uencies in mega- COMMERCIAL TYPES
c y cles: 26.965, 26.975, 26.98 5,
27.005, 2 7.0 15, 27.02 5, 27.035, Commerc ial Cryst a ls ava ilable from
27.055, 27.065, 27.075, 27.085, 100 Kc. t o 70 Me. Prices on req uest.
\ 27. 105, 27. 115, 27. 125, 2 7.135, Type Z-I , MARS and CAP
\' '~\ 27. 155, 27.165, 27.175, 27. 185.
. \ 27.205, 27.2 15, 27.225; calibrated O ffic ial a s si g n e d Irc qu e n cies in
.... ~ to .005%. (13e sure to specify manu - t he ra ng-e. Calibra te d to .00.1 % .
facturer of equipmen t) $2.95 Net 1600 t o 10000 Kc 53.45 Net
Type Z 1, TV Marker
CITIZENS BA ND CLASS " 0" Channels 2 thru 13... 56.45 Net
Type Z-9R, Receiver 4.5 Me. Interearrier ,
Specify I. F. frequency, also wheth - .01 % 52.95 Net
er receiver oscilla tor is above or 5.0 Me. Signal Gen era to r,
below transmitter frequency. C ali- .01 % 52.95 Net
bra ted to .005 %. (13l' su re to specify
manufactu re r of equipme n t.) 10.7 M e. F M, I F ,
$2.95 Net .0 1 % 52.95 Net

2XP Type Z-9R, Radia Cantral Type Z-6A,

fCC assigned f req uencies in m ega - Frequency
c vc l e s : 26.99 5, 2 7.04 5, 27 .095 , Standard
27.14 5. 27. 195, 27.255; calibrated T o deter-mine hand
to .00 5%. (Be su re to specify ma n u - N.R~. To keep the
fac tu re r of eq uipmen t) $2.95 Net \' 1'0 and recei veer
prOI )~r1y calibra ted,
Type 2XP 100 K <. . . 56.95
S u it a b le for conver te r s , ex per im e n tal, e tc. Same ho ld er Net
dime n sions a s Ty pe 2 -2.
1600 t o 12000 Kc.. (Fu n d .) + 5 Kc 53.45 Net Z-6A
12001 t o 25 000 Kc. (3rd O ve rtone ) ± 10 Kc 54.45 Net
ALL PR CRYSTALS ARE UNCON DITIONA LLY GUA RANTEED.
ORDE R FROM YOUR JOBBER.

EXPORT SA LE S: R o yal Natio n al Corporation , 250 \V. 5 7t h Street, New York 19 , N. Y•• U . S. A .

_ _ _ _ _1
with buill-ill PR ODUCT DETECTOR

THE "COSMIC BLUE" NATIONAL'S NEW HAMBAND RECEIVER

This newest and finest precision double conversion ama teur receiver wit h 6 meter coverage, bri ngs you
an ease of sideba nd tuning previou sly available only in the most expensive equipment. The NC-270
features an exclusive "Ferrite Filter" for instant upper-lower SSB selection and a degree of selectivity
to conquer even the toughest A~t and C\V signal condition s. The solid }/s" steel panel. ceramic coil
forms, double-spaced tuning gang, and full ventilation cabi net combine to give mechanical and
thermal sta bility that wil l surprise even the most critical operator. Even the color of the NC~27 0 is
outstandingly d ifferent, National's new duo-to ne "Cosmic Blue." Write for detailed specifications.

Only $24.99 down'

Suggested cash pr ice: $249.95. N TS ·3 Matchin g Speaker. $19.95 [slightly hi gher west of
th e Rockies a nd outside the U .S.A.). "Most Natio nal distri butors offer budget terms.
and trade-in a llo wances.

NATIONAL RADIO COMPANY, INC.

A WHOLLY OWNED SUBSIDIARY OF NATIONAL CO ., INC . MELROSE 76, MASS.
And N ationai Radia'~ pat.
t'n tt'd " Fli p Foo t " m atces Expo rt : AD AUR IEMA, I NC.. 85 Broad St .. New York, N, Y,
Opl'rating the S C·1 70 ~a £'Q1)'. Canada : CAN AD IAN MARCON I CO., 830 Bayview Ave ., Toronto 17 , Ont.