HAZARDOUS

MATERIAL
SPILL
INCIDENT ACTION PLAN
PREPARED BY TAPATRA THANUPRAN 1204
VANITTA RANGSITANAN 1205
THANYA SUWANKHAJIT 1206
KANOKNOP PHATIAMORN 1207
CONTENTS

01
BLUF
02
SITUATIONAL OVERVIEW

03
OBJECTIVES
03
RELEVANT INFORMATION

06
EQUIPMENT NEEDED
08
RESPONSE PROCEDURES

10
CONCLUSION
 01

BLUF
From the scene, the chemicals spilled on the ground include Tetrachloroethylene, Polyurethane
Coating, Toluene, Sodium Borohydride and Sodium Hydroxide Solution and the victims are two
teenage boys who still alive. The chemicals spilled on the concrete area and it occurs at 9.30 am on
Tuesday. The temperature was 37°Celsius, the relative humidity is 85% with the rain possibility of 15%.
All of the chemicals could be harmful to anyone who ingest, inhale, or contact to the chemicals and
might lead to fatal in worst situation. The equipments that will be used are Level B Hazmat Suits (to
protect the rescue team from the chemicals), Universal Sorbent Socs and pads (to absorb the
chemicals spilled on the concrete) and Empty Chemical Drums (used as a container of contaminated
socs and pads). For procedure, we will collaborate with the police to frame the scene and help guiding
people who are not in charge out of the scene then, the rescue team wearing Level B Hazmat suit will
rescue the victims from the scene to get some fresh air, first aid, warmth, and sent them to the closest
hospital. After that, we will use socs and pads to absorb spilled chemicals and to prevent the
chemicals from running into the sewers while the others are trying to stop the leak of the chemicals
from the barrels then, and relocate to the empty chemical drums. Lastly, we will contact the
Department of Pollution Control to help disposing and transport the chemicals
02

SITUATIONAL SURROUNDINGS
The chemicals only spilled onto the

OVERVIEW
concrete, not the earth, in the
school’s sport field area, and they
are on the way to the nearby
sewers. To make matters worse, the
scene occurs at 9.30 am on
Tuesday, which is school time, so
many students, teachers, and other
staff are probably still in the school
building. Besides, there is no trucks
nearby, so we cannot identify to
whom the chemicals belong.
Nevertheless, the two victims are
only the ones who are in the scene,
which means no other people are
there.

WEATHER
The weather condition in scene is
quite reassuring. The wind speed
and direction is 6 kilometers per
CHEMICALS hour towards the southeast, which
Five types of chemical spilled in the scene: is towards the front and center area
Tetrachloroethylene, Polyurethane Coating, Toluene, Sodium of the school building.
Borohydride and Sodium Hydroxide Solution, and an unknown Nevertheless, the temperature is 37°
chemical. Each of these chemicals spilled in the amount of Celsius, and the relative humidity is
approximately 1 liter. Unfortunately, we cannot identify to 85%. Therefore, the chemicals is
whom the chemicals belong since there is no trucks nearby, so forecasted not to evaporate into
the unknown chemical cannot be specified its name. the air due to the lower
temperature than the chemicals’
boiling points and nearly saturated
air that cannot hold additional
VICTIMS
moisture. Also, the rain possibility is
There are two alive teenage boy victims lying on the ground only 15%, so we can allay our
near the spills but not contacted. As seeing from their student concerns on the chemicals which
uniforms and school laboratory coat, we assume that the are reactive with water.
victims are students in the school where the scene occurs,
which is high school. Because of their adolescent ages and
high school student statuses, we assume that the victims
exposed to chemicals by accidentally inhaling rather than
ingesting them.

OBJECTIVE
The objective of this Incident Action Plan to provide appropriate instructions and procedures
for the personnels in charged to isolate the spill scene, rescue the victims in the scene, stop
the chemical leaks, and clear the scene.
RELEVANT
INFORMATION
CHEMICALS
TETRACHLOROETHYLENE
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
A colorless liquid with a sweet smell that can
be evaporated into the air at 120-122 °C.
Besides, its melting point is around -22 °C. As
tetrachloroethylene is insoluble in water, it is
unlikely to flow through the stream.
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
The chemical is nonflammable and has an
NFPA rating of 0 in reactivity which means
that it is stable in the normal conditions.
HEALTH DANGER
It is harmful to anyone who ingests, inhales, or
contacts it. The short term effects are
headache, dizziness, and nausea. However,
this liquid can burn and irritate the skin as
well as the eyes of those who are exposed to it.
In addition, the long term effects are the risk
of cancer in the liver or kidney, and myeloma.
For the living things underwater, they would
be harmed if the chemical contaminates the
water sources
POLYURETHANE COATING
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
Polyurethane coating is a liquid at room
temperature that can be either colorless or
white and has a very strong chemical odor
and pungent smell. Also, It has a melting
point in the range of 85°-121° Celsius.
03
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
Polyurethane coating is flammable if it is in
gas or liquid state and is exposed to sufficient
heat at about 416° Celsius. Once it is burned, it
emits toxic smoke composed mainly of carbon
monoxide, including hydrogen cyanide and
nitrogen oxides. Moreover, this chemical is also
highly reactive with compounds that contain
hydroxyl groups, such as water and alcohol.
HEALTH DANGER
Polyurethane coating can bring harms to
humans’ skins and eyes if contacted,
respiratory tract if inhaled, and life if inhaled or
ingested: skin dryness, skin cracking, skin
irritation, skin allergic reaction, serious eye
irritation, breathing difficulty, and fatality. In
addition, this chemical is toxic to aquatic
creatures and can cause long-term dangerous
effects in aquatic environments.
TOLUENE
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
Toluene is a liquid at room temperature with
sweet odor and clear colorless. This chemical is
insoluble in water. Moreover, it has a boiling
point at 110.6° C.
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
The chemical is a highly flammable liquid
that can be easily ignited by heat, sparks or
flames. The vapors of the chemical may
form explosive mixtures with air and can
be a source of ignition.
04
HEALTH DANGER
When contact with Toluene, it may irritate or
burn skin and eyes. Also, it may cause
exhaustion, confusion, dizziness and headache
after inhaling the chemical. Moreover, the fire
caused by the chemical will produce irritating,
corrosive or toxic gases that may cause
dizziness or suffocation.
SODIUM BOROHYDRIDE AND
SODIUM HYDROXIDE SOLUTION
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
Apparent of white to grey crystalline powder with suits are the minimum level of suits required. This level
a melting point above 300 Celsius, and boiling
point equal to 500 Celsius. the density of the
chemical is  1.035 grams/milliliter and may ignite protect the skin and eyes are lower. They include the
in air at 70 Celsius. It also soluble in lower alcohols positive-pressure supplied air respirator with tanks that
and ammonia and insoluble in organic solvent.
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
The chemical reacts with water easily to form
sodium hydroxide. It also acts as a reducing agent S P I L L C O N T R O L K I T
that acts selectively and used to reduce
aldehydes or ketones to primary or secondary
alcohols. Furthermore, it reduces some inorganic
compounds and it is utilized by the
pharmaceutical industry in the production of
some antibiotics.
HEALTH DANGER
The chemical is toxic and corrosive which is
non combustible and sensitive to water. In
addition, The chemical is toxic for inhalation,
ingestion, and contraction with skin and eyes in
the form of vapours, dust, or substances may
cause severe injury, burns and death by passing
through your skin and eyes. It can lead to eye
damage and irritation of lungs by cause
coughing or shortness of breath. Higher
exposures will build up the fluid in the lungs
(pulmonary edema), a medical emergency, with
severe shortness of breath. It can release toxic,
corrosive or flammable gas when react with
moist or water. Lastly, If ingested can form large
volume of gas and lead to a gas embolism and
cause Abdominal pain. Vomiting. Shock or
collapse.
EQUIPMENTS
GEAR AND EQUIPMENTS
LEVEL B HAZMAT SUITS
A Hazmat suit is one of the personal protective
equipment. It is used by the personnel who are
involved in the cleaning of toxic chemicals and other
dangerous conditions. It is classified into 4 levels which
are different in the protective items depend on the
seriousness of the situation. Because the most serious
health danger we might get from the chemicals are
fatalities if inhaled and serious eye irritations and skin
burns if exposed and contacted, the Level B Hazmat
of Hazmat suits mainly gives users protection from
inhaling the chemicals in the air while their abilities to
will be carried at the back, the long-sleeved jackets
and hooded clothes and the double-layered gloves
which are chemical resistant, and boots with steel as
the structure in the midsole.
Universal Sorbent Socs: designed for chemical
absorption to prevent the hazardous chemical
from flowing to other locations.
Universal Sorbent Pads: used for absorbing leaks
the chemical spills
Empty Chemical Drums: used to contain
hazardous chemicals
PERSONNELS
DEPARTMENT OF EMERGENCY
AND ACCIDENT UNDER
THE REGULATIONS OF
ROYAL THAI POLICE
One of the duties of the Department of Emergency
and Accident under the regulations of the Royal
Thai Police is to perform actions in order to
promote efficiency in any operation.

DEPARTMENT OF POLLUTION
CONTROL UNDER THE
REGULATIONS OF THE
MINISTRY OF NATURAL
RESOURCES AND
ENVIRONMENT
Department of Pollution Control can provide
an aid service in a hazardous material spill
scene since their duties are to give advice on
how to cope with the pollution, to evaluate
environmental damage, to restore the
environment in polluted area, and to keep
track of and to proceed with legal actions on
the pollution situation.
NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR
EMERGENCY MEDICINE UNDER
THE REGULATIONS OF THE
MINISTRY OF PUBLIC HEALTH
The only duties of National Institute for
Emergency Medicine are to give victims
proper first aid in a certain emergent scene,
including a hazardous material spill scene,
and to transport the victims to the nearest
hospitals so that the victims can receive
further medical services.
05
DEPARTMENT OF
MEDICAL SERVICES
UNDER THE
REGULATIONS OF THE
MINISTRY OF PUBLIC
HEALTH
In case the victims have rare, serious,
and complex disorders from exposing
to chemicals, we should consider to
contact Department of Medical
Services because one of the main
duties of this department is to
coordinate with responsible hospitals,
such as tertiary care centers,
quaternary care centers, and
specialized hospitals, to effectively
provide tertiary or higher level medical
care for the victims.
SGS THAILAND LTD
SGS Thailand LTD is a private
environmental waste management
service company that can help to
transport and dispose of chemical
wastes with ethical standards as well
as governing regulatory requirements.
06

EQUIPMENT
NEEDED
GEAR AND EQUIPMENTS SPILL CONTROL KIT
UNIVERSAL SORBENT SOCS

UNIVERSAL SORBENT PADS

LEVEL B PERSONAL
EMPTY CHEMICAL DRUMS
PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

POSITIVE-PRESSURE SUPPLIED AIR

RESPIRATOR
CHEMICAL RESISTANT HOODED
COVERALLS
OUTER CHEMICAL RESISTANT
GLOVES
INNER CHEMICAL RESISTANT
GLOVES
OUTER CHEMICAL RESISTANT
STEEL TOE AND SHANK BOOTS

PERSONNELS
WE NEED APPROXIMATELY FROM 20
TO 30 STAFF TO ISOLATE THE SCENE,
RESCUE THE VICTIMS, AND CLEAR
THE SCENE. THESE STAFF ARE FROM
THE FOLLOWING DEPARTMENT IN
THAILAND.
DEPARTMENT OF EMERGENCY AND
ACCIDENT (TEL. 191)  UNDER THE
REGULATIONS OF ROYAL THAI
POLICE
NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR
EMERGENCY MEDICINE (TEL. 1669)
UNDER THE REGULATIONS OF THE
MINISTRY OF PUBLIC HEALTH.
07
SGS THAILAND LTD (TEL. +66 2-
678-1813)
DEPARTMENT OF POLLUTION
CONTROL (TEL. +66 2-298-2000)
UNDER THE REGULATIONS OF THE
MINISTRY OF NATURAL
RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT
DEPARTMENT OF MEDICAL
SERVICES (TEL. +66 2-590-6000)
UNDER THE REGULATIONS OF THE
MINISTRY OF PUBLIC HEALTH.
08

RESPONSE
PROCEDURES
ISOLATE THE SCENE

First of all, we will collaborate with the police from the Department of Emergency and Accident under
the regulations of the Royal Thai Police by calling 191 in order to isolate people out of the scene and
nearby location because the chemicals are dangerous to everyone. The police will be given maps
showing the spill scene location and the area that they must prevent people to enter. Due to the
direction of the wind that blows to the front and middle part of the school, they will have to guide
students, teachers, and other officers to get out of the school to avoid risks of getting endangered
through the fire exit at the back of the school which will lead to the dormitory outside the school area
which is safe from the contaminated air. In addition, for those who are in the direction of the
chemicals, the policers will have to tell them to try to not breath that air and quickly bring them to the
back of the school. However, all of the staff at this place, except the group of police who aren’t stay
close to the
 09

scene, must wear protective masks to cover themselves from inhaling the gas. Since the chemical
vapors can be spread in the air, and the scene is an open space, so normal people shouldn’t approach
the spot or else they will be harmed. When the school is cleared, we will proceed to the next step.

RESCUE THE VICTIMS

Our team members who are wearing the Level B Hazmat Suit will carry the victims to the clean, fresh,
and ventilated area. At this time, one of the members will call 1669 to ask for an ambulance from
National Institute for Emergency Medicine. In this case, we plan to send the victims to Golden Jubilee
Medical Center because it is the nearest place that we can find. It is important that we send the
patients as fast as we can to the specialists to take care of them. During this, we will let the victims stay
at rest, followed by giving them first aid and warmth. Also, we will keep tracking whether the victims
show any sign or symptom that might be dangerous or fatal. In addition, if the patients are diagnosed
to have some rare, serious, and complex disorders, we will need to tell the Department of Medical
Services by phoning +66 2-590-6000.

CLEAR AND CLEAN THE SCENE

Firstly, some of our team will use the universal sorbent socs to prevent the chemicals from running into
the sewers while the others are trying to stop the leak of the chemicals from the barrels by lifting the
barrels up and closing the lids. Next, to clean up the chemicals that are on the concrete, we will
transfer each of the spilled chemical by using the universal sorbent pads to absorb the chemicals and
relocate to the empty chemical drums. Moreover, the team will label those containers according to the
chemicals we put in. Lastly, one of our team will contact the Department of Pollution Control (Tel. +66
2-298-2000) in order to make sure that the chemicals are transported to be disposed appropriately.
10

CONCLUSION

In summary, the procedure that we will use to isolate the scene, rescue the victims and
clear the scene from the chemicals including Tetrachloroethylene, Polyurethane Coating,
Toluene, Sodium Borohydride and Sodium Hydroxide Solution are to collaborate with the
police to prevent people to enter the scene then, rescue member wearing the Level B
Hazmat Suit the victims to get some fresh air and warmth before contact the nearest
hospital. After that, we will clear the scene using Universal Sorbent Socs and pads to
absorb the spilled solutions and use the Empty Chemical Drums to contain the
contaminated equipment. Lastly, we will contact the Department of Pollution Control to
help disposing the chemicals.