Assignment – I

(Cm663)

Sustainable Practices in Built Environment

Singapore Green Building Council

Submitted To: Mrs. Deepthi Shitoley

SUBMITTED BY:

ABHINAV SAINI – A13559019151

KOLA SAI KIRAN – A13559019145

MR. LINGAMPALLY SRAVAN – A13559019154

MOHITH KUMAR – A13567119031

URMIT B PATEL – A13567119034

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to express thanks and thankfulness to every one of the individuals who gave us
the likelihood to finish this project report. A Special gratitude to our staff Mrs. Deepti
Shitoley, whose help and support, helped us to facilitate our project particularly recorded as
a hard copy this report.

I might likewise want to recognize with much gratefulness the critical job to staff of RICS-SBE
Amity University, who gave the consent to utilize all the required material accessible in the
school to finish our report.

A Special gratitude to all the colleagues and our schoolmates who helped us to gather the
parts and gave recommendations about the report

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Table of Contents
1 INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................................4
1.1 SGBC FOCUS ON KEY AREAS INCLUDE:......................................................................4
1.2 LEADING SUSTAINABLE IN PUBLIC EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY PROMOTION IN
SINGAPORE...........................................................................................................................5
1.3 CERTIFICATION BODY FOR GREEN BUILDING – RELATED PRODUCTS AND SERVICES5
1.4 EXPANDING GLOBAL OUTREACH AND CREATING INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATION
5
1.5 INTENSIFY PROFESSIONALISM AND KNOWLEDGE IN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 5
1.6 SUSTAINABILITY AND ITS PURPOSE...........................................................................6
2 ABOUT SITE.......................................................................................................................7
2.1 TECHNOLOGIES.........................................................................................................8
2.1.1 DESIGN OF FACADES.........................................................................................9
2.1.2 LIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM...................................................................................9
2.1.3 CARBON DIOXIDE SENSORS.............................................................................10
2.1.4 CARBON MONOXIDE MONITORING................................................................10
2.1.5 RAIN SENSORS.................................................................................................11
2.1.6 WATER SENSORS.............................................................................................11
2.1.7 START STOP ESCALATORS................................................................................12
2.1.8 ENERGY EFFICIENT CHILLED WATER PLANT....................................................13
2.1.9 EXTENSIVE GREENERY AND RAINWATER HARVESTING...................................13
2.1.10 ENCOURAGING MORE SUSTAINABLE LIFESTYLES............................................14
2.2 ADOPTING SMART CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGIES..............................................15
2.3 SUSTAINABLE PRACTICES........................................................................................15
2.3.1 CLIMATE RESPONSIVE DESIGN........................................................................15
2.3.2 VALUE CHAIN CORORDINATION FOR LOW CARBON EMISSION......................17
2.3.3 INNOVATION BY PARTNERSHIP.......................................................................17
2.3.4 GEOSPATIAL TECHNOLOGY IN DESIGN............................................................18
2.3.5 WASTE MANAGEMENT...................................................................................18
2.3.6 WASTE MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES FOLLOWED...........................................18

2
List of Figures

Figure 1: Focus Areas of SGBC..................................................................................................4

Figure 2: Sustainable Environment...........................................................................................6
Figure 3: Funan Digitalife Mall..................................................................................................7
Figure 4: Funan Mall Layout......................................................................................................8
Figure 5: Carbon Monoxide Monitoring system in Parking.....................................................11
Figure 6: Rain Sensor..............................................................................................................11
Figure 7: Water Sensor...........................................................................................................12
Figure 8: Start Stop Escalator..................................................................................................12
Figure 9: Urban Farms at Funan's rooftop..............................................................................13
Figure 10: Cycling Tracks at Funan Mall..................................................................................14
Figure 11: Bicycling Bays with Repair, Pumps and Showers....................................................15
Figure 12: Climate responsive ventilation...............................................................................16
Figure 13: Rooftop Gardens....................................................................................................17

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1 INTRODUCTION

The Singapore Green Building Council produces open private organizations to cultivate
creative industry arrangements over the whole building and development worth chain.
Through its green structure item and green structure administrations naming projects, SGBC
sets exclusive requirements and benchmarks for green structure arrangements both locally
and provincially to help manufacture increasingly practical urban areas for better living. As
Singapore's agent on the World Green Building Council, SGBC effectively adds to the
worldwide green structure development by sharing skill and learning during global
gatherings and occasions.

Authoritatively propelled on 28 October 2009 as the main non-benefit association with a

purposeful private-open division organization to accomplish a world-class and manageable
assembled condition in Singapore, our key job is to supporter green structure configuration,
practices and advancements and drive ecological maintainability in the structure and
development industry.

1.1 SGBC FOCUS ON KEY AREAS INCLUDE:

Profile Singapore as a
leading Sustainable Hub in
the tropics

Enhance Professionalism
and Knowledge in
Sustainable Development

Dedicated Certification
Body for Green Building-
related Product & Services

Figure 1: Focus Areas of SGBC

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1.2 LEADING SUSTAINABLE IN PUBLIC EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY
PROMOTION IN SINGAPORE
 SGBC is proactive programme of public education and industry promotion. SGBE play
key role in promote Green products and practices with Major industry and public
events of Singapore annual International Green Building Conference (IGBC) held in
concurrence with the Singapore Green Building Week (SGBW) and BEX Asia.

 To launch “Project Green insights “to rose awareness of energy efficiency in schools.
SGBC joined with one of the leading organisations Such as IBM and Ministry of
Education (MOE).

1.3 CERTIFICATION BODY FOR GREEN BUILDING – RELATED

PRODUCTS AND SERVICES

 Green Building products certification Scheme was launched by SGBC in January

2011.
 SGBC is the first dedicated certification Body for Green Building- related Products
and services in Singapore to support Building and Construction Authority for Green
mark Scheme.
 SGBC certified the Green Building products for safer, healthier, efficient and
sustainable products in the building industry. It is professional eco-friendly building
that is resources –efficient, give potentially better efficiency and lower
environmental impact in construction industry and environmental quality for a
healthy, and productive workplace in buildings.

1.4 EXPANDING GLOBAL OUTREACH AND CREATING INTERNATIONAL

COLLABORATION

 In World Green Building Council SGBC is the first Asian member in 2010 and to
organize the World GBC International Congress.
 SGBC provide internationally experts and green building advocates, manufactures
and industry professional in wide range of green building, architecture, design,
products and solutions for best practices in the industry. It also Collaborate with key
international industry players and Singaporean companies.

1.5 INTENSIFY PROFESSIONALISM AND KNOWLEDGE IN SUSTAINABLE

DEVELOPMENT

 SGBC promotes green building design, practices and technologies and initiatives into
mainstream of design, Construction and operation of buildings also support wider

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 adoption of green building development and practices in Singapore. SGBC regularly
organise industry seminars, such as Green Trends seminars, for professional,
manufactures, distributors, estate and facilities managers, designer and developers
to update trends to innovative solutions. Research and industry knowledge sharing
on sustainable buildings,
 To make Strategic decisions and Efficient.

1.6 SUSTAINABILITY AND ITS PURPOSE

 Sustainability centres around gathering the necessities of the present without
trading off the capacity of future ages to address their issues. Three pillars of
sustainability concept are Economic, Environment and Social (People, profits and
plants).
 To straightforwardly add to the prosperity of their typical partners through
their items and administrations.
 To by implication add to the prosperity of their typical partners by doing no
damage to the natural and social homes on which all partners, and the
organization, depend.
 To in a roundabout way add to the prosperity of their typical partners by
being remedial and cooperatively decreasing the underlying drivers of
fundamental natural and social decay.

Figure 2: Sustainable Environment

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2 ABOUT SITE

The Site is the “FUNAN DIGITALIFE MALL, Singapore”

Figure 3: Funan Digitalife Mall

Property Type & GROSS FLOOR

Address
Project Status AREA (SQ FT)
107 North Retail 889,000
Bridge Road, Completed and
Singapore, Operational
Singapore,
179105

 With a total gross floor area of nearly 889,000 square feet (sq. ft), Funan comprises a
retail component, two Grade A office blocks and lyf Funan Singapore.
 It took three years to complete the project.

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  It is located right in the heart of the Civic & Cultural District with excellent
connectivity, including a direct subway linking to City Hall MRT interchange station.
 As a new standard for live, work and play in Singapore’s city centre, Funan offers a
synergistic mixture of retail, office and serviced residence components that is
designed to appeal to savvy customers chasing quality of life in a socially conscious
and creative environment.

Figure 4: Funan Mall Layout

 Mr Wilson Tan, CEO of CapitaLand Mall Trust Management Limited, said: “More
than two years ahead of opening, Funan has received commitment for about 25% of
its total retail net lettable area of 324,000 square feet, making this one of our most
well-received developments to date.

2.1 TECHNOLOGIES
 Innovation in the architectural features of bioclimatic design techniques and
advanced electrical, mechanical engineering are combined in this sustainable Funan
mall.[ CITATION THE191 \l 16393 ]
 Funan Mall has new techniques that has implemented to prove that it is a green
building.
 Some of the major features of this building are:
 Planning and Site layout,
 Design of Facade Elements,
 Light Control System,

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  Carbon Dioxide Sensors,
 Carbon Monoxide Monitoring,
 Rain Sensors,
 Start - Stop Escalators,
 Energy Efficient Chilled Water Plant,
 Extensive Greenery,
 Rainwater Harvesting and
 Encouraging more Sustainable Lifestyles.

2.1.1 DESIGN OF FACADES

 Facade Elements were designed in such an angle that the heat gain is reduced. This
is by providing a solar cut off at 30°, where the sunlight was not directly into the
building (When sun is 30 degrees or above the horizon or more).
 Funan mall has a facade element that is incorporated for energy efficiency and
minimises heat transmission.
 All the areas like
 corridors,
 guest rooms,
 office corridors,
 colliding properties,
 common retail areas

are fitted with LED energy efficient system for energy saving and to ensure for a good
illumination.[ CITATION GAY19 \l 16393 ]

2.1.2 LIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM

 Light sensors are used to switch off lights in public space when not in use especially
in day times.
 A controlled lighting system can help you save money on your energy costs by
allowing you to manually or automatically control the number of lights that are “on”
at any given moment and the intensity of those lights. [ CITATION SIN19 \l 16393 ]
 There are Four Components of a light control system:
 Basic Lighting Controls

Basic lighting controls consist of a manual on/off switch. In order to save

money with these types of lighting controls, the individuals in the building
must remember to turn them on when they enter the room and turn them
off when they leave. Using energy-efficient light bulbs, like LEDs and CFLs,
with basic switches can help reduce electric bills.

 Dimmer Switches
Dimmer switches are a slightly more advanced way to control room lighting.
These switches allow an individual to slide the switch to their desired level

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 of lighting, which uses less electricity than a switch that is either fully on or
fully off. When combined with LED light bulbs, dimmer switches can help
control your building’s energy costs.
 Motion Sensors for outdoor lighting
 With a motion sensor, the light turns on when movement is detected and
turns off after a certain number of minutes have passed without motion. In
order for this to work well, the outdoor light bulbs need to produce light as
soon as the light starts receiving power.
 Occupancy Sensors for Indoor Lighting
Occupancy sensors are designed to turn on the lights as soon as someone
enters a room and turns off after a certain number of minutes of no
movement. Occupancy sensors are great for bathrooms, break rooms,
recreational room and conference rooms.
 Network Lighting Control Systems
The most advanced type of lighting control system is a networked system,
which can be part of a Building Automation System (BAS) package or
designed as a stand-alone system.

2.1.3 CARBON DIOXIDE SENSORS

 This sensor helps to measure gaseous carbon dioxide levels by Infrared Radiations
(IR) in monitoring the amount of the radiations absorbed by carbon dioxide
molecules.
 The following are the different IR readings and their meanings:
 250-350 ppm: - Background (normal) outdoor air levels,
 350-1000 ppm: - Typical levels found in occupied space (good in exchange)
 1000-2000 ppm: - Would be poor air-quality levels.
 Carbon dioxide sensors are installed at Air Handling Units (AHUs) to ensure the
percentage of fresh air quality levels and to maintain acceptable levels in all the
areas of the building spaces.[ CITATION THE191 \l 16393 ]

2.1.4 CARBON MONOXIDE MONITORING

 Carbon monoxide is released by vehicles.
 As the levels of carbon monoxide Increases or when the levels are exceeding the
standard limit, than the ventilation system at the car parking gets activated and the
fresh air is in, to extract the exhaust air.[ CITATION THE191 \l 16393 ]

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 Figure 5: Carbon Monoxide Monitoring system in Parking

2.1.5 RAIN SENSORS

 Rain sensors as the name suggests are activated with rainfall.
 It helps closing windows, doors automatically well raining outside.
 As an auto irrigation system, the rain sensors are installed to not operate irrigation
system during rain. This sensor reduces the amount of water that goes into the
irrigation indoor gardens during rainfall.[ CITATION SIN19 \l 16393 ]

Figure 6: Rain Sensor

2.1.6 WATER SENSORS

 There are automatic sensors that are installed in the,
 Bathroom sinks,
 water closets,

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 To dispense limited amount of water for hand wash and flushing respectively.[ CITATION
SIN19 \l 16393 ]

Figure 7: Water Sensor

2.1.7 START STOP ESCALATORS

 These are the pressure sensors that are installed below the mats near the escalators
that helps to identify the human traffic movement for the activation and become
stationary when there is no human traffic.
 All the lifts are regenerative in nature. The lift’s movement generates kinetic energy
that is converted into electrical energy or power that is later distributed back to the
lift system. This sensor helps in saving energy consumption. Saving of 18% of power
consumption.[ CITATION GAY19 \l 16393 ]

Figure 8: Start Stop Escalator

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2.1.8 ENERGY EFFICIENT CHILLED WATER PLANT
 Funan mall has a next generation refrigerant of R1233zd that minimises the
consumption of energy and also an emission of greenhouse gas also be reduced.
 This building is designed with an energy efficient water-cooled chilled plant system.
 This plant weighs of about 0.5 - 57kw/hr. ton with efficiency over 24-hour period.
 With the higher chilled water, temperature also for this improves efficiency of
chiller.
 The power consumption is conserved to buy installation of,
o Water Distribution Pumps,
o Condenser Pumps and
o Cooling Towers

Which are driven at variable speed as per the building’s requirements for cooling.
Continues chiller performance is maintained by the incorporation of auto condenser
tube for cleaning.[ CITATION GAY19 \l 16393 ]

2.1.9 EXTENSIVE GREENERY AND RAINWATER HARVESTING

 Conductive environment is created all around with roof trees and landscaping
techniques.
 18000 sq. Ft. Food garden, 5000 sq. ft. Urban farm are all the Boasts for Funan mall
which is largest area for urban agriculture.
 Rainwater harvesting for irrigating the extensive greenery that resulted in
12.8million litres of water saving every year.[ CITATION GAY19 \l 16393 ]

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 Figure 9: Urban Farms at Funan's rooftop

2.1.10 ENCOURAGING MORE SUSTAINABLE LIFESTYLES

 The mall is centrally located that has been connected transport and features
designed to encourage public connectivity that are enabled with underground link
ways that links to the city from the mall.
 It has,
 174 bicycle bays,
 lockers,
 cabins,
 bicycle repair pump and
 stations with fast charging facilities for electric vehicles and bicycles.

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 Figure 10: Cycling Tracks at Funan Mall

 These are the efforts that ensures that the new reimagined or renovated Funan
Mall is approved as the green building sustainable to environment by the Singapore
green sustainable building council.[ CITATION GAY19 \l 16393 ]

Figure 11: Bicycling Bays with Repair, Pumps and Showers

2.2 ADOPTING SMART CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGIES

 Despite challenges such as a tight site with limited access, time savings are achieved
through innovation in construction methods, and the choice of building materials
and equipment to avoid redundancies and inefficiencies in Funan’s construction
process. 
 These include applying,
 Virtual Design and Construction at The Onset,

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  Adopting A Top-Down Construction Method,

which allows for the building’s basement and superstructure to be built concurrently.

 Precast concrete structural building components are also used to further reduce
the construction time.
 In addition, the construction of the underpass connecting Funan and City Hall MRT
station will deploy the Rectangular Tunnel Boring Machine as it saves time and
manpower and minimises traffic disruption.  The underpass is targeted for
completion in 2021.

2.3 SUSTAINABLE PRACTICES

2.3.1 CLIMATE RESPONSIVE DESIGN

 Due to the increase in the urbanization the rise in temperature effect the climate
change by increase in the usage of air conditioners and many other things which is
why many are looking at environment friendly practices by increasing the natural
ventilation and reducing the temperature.

Figure 12: Climate responsive ventilation

 Greenery which has become the integral part of urban design, may be few can avoid
the greenery and its aesthetic quality softening the urban landscape. only few
people appreciate the urban environment greenery.
 Green building concepts is not a new thing to build environment, but the main
problem is we are not doing any progress in that area. By validating the green urban
techniques can be incorporated into LANDSCAPE DESIGN.
 As we are improving the techniques and building the future cities it is the main thing
that we must ponder the landscape designs and see their function by integral part of
design for cityscape climate.

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 By evaluating the landscape design, we can observe how the government bodies
policies keeping the restriction which are like replacing the lost in site development
greenery by 100% in the “BCA green mark scheme “
 Main design components include that,
 Plants been placed at any place for reducing temperature.
 Maintaining a greater number of plants equates to higher cooling effect.
 All plants reduce the temperature equally in equal competent.
 In the meantime, the industries are operating under such circumstances the process
has been improved in the last decade.
 Though the merits are there for having the greater number of plants, by strategically
placing them can maximize the cooling effect.
 By providing the rooftop greeneries the reduction in the tempertaue effect can be
seen at greater level. By reognising the effect of the greenery in urban areas the
scientist are also making their research on landscape planning.

Figure 13: Rooftop Gardens

 By the recent research it has been concluded that the plants react in a different
manner for different ambience.
 Four design iteratioins are followed,
 Trees with diameter < 5mts placed at points select by planner.
 Trees with dia< 15mts ( assume ) planted at same spot. The radint exposure
reduces in the ambiance near trees.
 More dia ( assume 20 ) added anticipating pedestrains. These areas shown
improvement significantly.
 Effects are made into radiation map.
By comparing all four the positive impact which is by tree and shrub allocation using
landscape framework.

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2.3.2 VALUE CHAIN CORORDINATION FOR LOW CARBON EMISSION

 They followed several steps in fulfilling the SGBC Criteria in which one of them was
coodinating with supply chain. The embodies are made to be together for reducing
the carbon in sector-wide discussion.
 They engaged with builders, contractors to ensure progress in the process.
 In 2016 the city development measured the impacts of the projects by mainting the
time to time reports and tracking the usage of top building materials in project
activities and pushed the boundries to reduce the usage of carbon conatined
construction to 24% by 2030.

2.3.3 INNOVATION BY PARTNERSHIP

 By colloboration the impact for sustainable development will increases.

 The first meetup is initiated to promote the SDG’s which has been to reached their
stakeholders and more importance is gianed to project.

2.3.4 GEOSPATIAL TECHNOLOGY IN DESIGN

 The awareness has grown in both the sectors i.e micro-macro which impact on
future. The technologies makes difference in the efficient energy usage and resource
usage.
 The geosaptial data used provides data accurately in first site visit reducing the time.
With reality capture provides laser scanning in proffesional hands.

2.3.5 WASTE MANAGEMENT

2.3.5.1 TYPES OF CONSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES USED ARE:

 Precast construction produces less waste

 Conventional type of construction produces more waste,
 Mostly a solid waste consisting of dredging materials, electric wiring …etc.
 To reduce the waste the materials used with efficiency and recycled
properly.

2.3.5.2 RECYCLING DONE IN WAYS:

 Re-usable waste
o This type of waste is valuable in construction like bricks, tiles, soil,
stone masonry…etc
o There is another type of waste in recycling method where it cannot
be used in the same manner but can be used somewhere else like
timber, glass, plastic…etc

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  Not capable of directly recycled
o This type of waste which are presents disposal issues like chemicals
(paints, solvents), asbestos, plaster etc.
o To reduce the waste that produced It involves in making strategies
and designs from the early stages for Sustainable development in
the built environment, like from the starting of planning, designing,
construction phase.

2.3.6 WASTE MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES FOLLOWED

2.3.6.1.1 SANITATION MANAGEMENT:

 Centralized collection treatment plant installed for organic waste and general waste
 Benefits of centralized system includes highly efficient removal of pathogen bacteria,
space required is less (0.5-2sqm/person).
 Waste divided into high-energy and low energy waste, where with this separation
waste is decided to be sent to CETP’S.
 Based on the calorific value high/low energy waste is determined.
 Calorific value is determined by measuring the heat produced by the complete
combustion of waste in specified quantity.
 Composting is encouraged for organic waste.
 The dangerous waste is permanently entrapped underground

2.3.6.1.2 FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS AND ALTERNATIVES:

 A temporary treatment plant has installed at the construction site.

 The waste divided into reusable/ recyclable and other waste.
 The reusable waste generated has used in the further alternatives in the site itself.

2.3.6.1.3 CONCLUSIONS AND RECCOMENDATIONS:

Singapore Green Building Council is the Globally recognised board which certify
the buildings as per the SGBC requirements and it sets the best example of
sustainable projects globally. Three pillars of sustainability concept which are
Economic, Environment and Social has been properly considered as main aspect by
Singapore Green Building Council. SGBC had set the efficient benchmark in field
the field of technologies, management as the Singapore is the leading sustainable
hub globally. SGBC is dedicated Certification Body for Green Building-related
Product & Services.

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 A controlled lighting system can help you save money on your energy costs by
allowing you to manually or automatically control the number of lights that are
“on” at any given moment and the intensity of those lights.
 Conductive environment is created all around with roof trees and landscaping
techniques.
 Despite challenges such as a tight site with limited access, time savings are
achieved through innovation in construction methods, and the choice of building
materials and equipment to avoid redundancies and inefficiencies in Funan’s
construction process. 
 By evaluating the landscape design, we can observe how the government bodies
policies keeping the restriction which are like replacing the lost in site
development greenery by 100% in the “BCA green mark scheme “

20