SESSION GUIDE:

SEMINAR-WORKSHOP ON PROMOTING SUBSTANTIVE PEDAGOGY THROUGH

ACTION RESEARCH

What is Action Research?

• an interactive method of collecting information that is used to explore topics of
teaching, curriculum development, and student behavior in the classroom
• very popular in the field of education because there is always room for
improvement when it comes to teaching and educating others.
• works very well because the cycle offers opportunity for continued reflection

Cycle of Action Researh

• Identifythe problem
• Devise a plan
• Implement
• Observe-collect and analyze your data
• Reflect the entire process

Methods of Action Research

Different ways to conduct Action Research

• Observing individuals or groups

• Using audio and video tape recording
▪ Using structured or semi-structured interviews
▪ Taking field notes
▪ Using analytic memoing
▪ Using or taking photography

Different Types of Action Research

1. Individual Action Research- involves working independently on a project, such
as an elementary school teacher conducting her own, in-class project with its
students.
2. Collaborative Action Research- involves a group of teachers or researchers
working together to explore a problem that might be present beyond a single
classroom, perhaps at the department level or an enter grade level
3. School-Wide Action Research- created from a problem found within the
entire school. The entire staff works together through this research to study the
problem, implement changes, and correct the problem or increase
performance
The following parameters can be used to help you formulate suitable research
paper title:
▪ The purpose of the research
▪ The narrative tone of the paper
▪ the methods used
The initial aim of a title is to capture the reader's attention and to draw attention
to the research problem being investigated

Effective titles in academic research papers have several characteristics

▪ Indicate accurately the subject and scope of the study.
▪ Avoid using abbreviations.
▪ Use that create a positive impression and stimulate reader interest.
▪ Use current nomenclature from the field of study.
▪ Identify key variables, both dependent and independent.
▪ May reveal how the paper will be organized.
▪ Suggest a relationship between variables which supports the major hypothesis.
▪ Is limited to 10-15 substantive words.
▪ Do not include “study of,” “analysis of,” or similar construtions.
▪ Titles are usually in the form of a phrase, but can also be in the form of a
question.
▪ Use correct grammar and capitalization with all first words and last words
capitalized, including the first words and last words capitalized, including the first word
of the subtitle. All nouns, pronouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs that appear between
the first and last words of the title are also capitalized
▪ In academic papers, rarely is a little followed by an exclamation mark. However,
a title or subtitle can be in the form of a question.

The Subtitle
Subtitles are quite common in social science research papers. Examples of why you
may include a subtitle:
▪ Explains or provides additional context, e.g.,
"Linguistic Ethnography and the Study of Welfare Institutions as a Flow of Social
Practices: The Case of Residential Child Care Institutions as Paradoxical Institutions."

▪ Adds substance to a literary, provocative, or imaginative title, e.g., "Listen to

What I Say, Not How I Vote: Congressional Support for the President in Washington and
at Home."
• Qualifies the geographic scope of the research, e.g., "The Geopolitics of the
Eastern Border of the European Union: The Case of Romania-Moldova-Ukraine."
▪ Qualifies the temporal scope of the research, e.g., "A Comparison of the
Progressive Era and the Depression Years: Societal Influences on Predictions of the
Future of the Library, 1895-1940."
▪ Focuses on investigating the ideas, theories, or work of a particular individual,
e.g., "A Deliberative Conception of Politics: How Francesco Saverio Merlino Related
Anarchy and Democracy."