Level 6 HANDOUTTeacher Part 1

Level 6
English File Advanced
HANDOUT
TEACHER’S
PART 1
Cámara de Comercio
2019-2020
NAME: ____________
English File Advanced. Unit 1a
1. For questions 1-10 complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the
word given. DO NOT CHANGE THE WORD GIVEN. You must use between three and six words, including the word
given.
1. She last saw her brother in 2012.

HAS
She HAS NOT SEEN HER BROTHER SINCE 2012.
2. I need someone to fix the boiler – it’s broken.
GET
I NEED TO GET THE BOILER FIXED – it’s broken.
3. I started living here 12 years ago.
HAVE
I HAVE BEEN LIVING HERE FOR 12 years.
4. I went to the doctor’s yesterday. They checked my blood pressure.
HAD
I HAD MY BLOOD PRESSURE CHECKED at the doctor’s yesterday.
5. Wearing a swim cap is compulsory for all swimmers.
HAVE
All SWIMMERS HAVE TO PUT on a swim cap before entering the pool.
6. I last had a holiday 2 years ago.
HAVE
I HAVE NOT HAD A HOLIDAY FOR 2 years.
7. She is the kind of person who decides to do things at the last minute.
TENDS
She TENDS TO PUT THINGS off until the last minute.
8. My grandparents cared for me as a child.
BROUGHT
I WAS BROUGHT UP BY my grandparents.
9. I don’t like it when people take my photograph.
STAND
I CAN’T STAND HAVING MY PHOTOGRAPH taken.
10. My boss has a good relationship with his employees although he is a bit of a cold fish.
DESPITE
My boss gets ON WITH HIS EMPLOYEES DESPITE BEING a bit of a cold fish.
2. WORD FORMATION
Complete each sentence with a correct form of the word in BOLD at the end of the row.
1. He never plans anything. On the contrary, he is quite __ SPONTANEOUS.__ SPONTANEITY

2. He always does the right thing. He´s a little too __ SENSIBLE__ for my liking. SENSE
3. Many couples split __ RESPONSIBILITIES__ in the home, but both often manage the RESPONSE
money.
4. What is your __ PERSONALITY__ type? PERSONAL
5. A _ REBELLIOUS__ person likes to challenge authority and break the rules every now REBEL
and then.
1
3. COMPLETE THE GAPS

Complete each gap with an appropriate word (it could be part of an idiomatic expression, a preposition or a part of a
grammatical structure.)
1. She is too trusting at times. I hope they don´t TAKE advantage of her.
2. When you are at the supermarket, do you only buy what´s on your list or do you buy
whatever CATCHES_ your eye?
3. Don´t think too much about the answers to your personality test – just go with your
GUT feeling.
4. He hardly ever CHANGES his mind, even if he knows he’s wrong.
5. My aunty has got a HEART of gold – she’s so kind to everyone she meets.
4. Read the text and decide which option (A, B, C or D) best fits each space. There is an example at the beginning
(0).
FAMILY RELATIONSHIPS
You’d imagine that being the (0) A in a family would be a good thing, but that certainly wasn’t the case for me. My
older brother was fairly self-centred and selfish, he had a competitive (1) B which meant he always wanted to win –
even against me. Now, that might not sound like a bad thing, but I’m nine years his (2) B. People often ask me if I ever
looked up to him, and I can (3) C say not for one minute. My sister, on the other hand, was far more pleasant. But
having her dress me up like a doll didn’t really appeal to me either.
There was also the problem of expectations. Both my brother and sister were extremely successful at school. My
brother was in all the sports teams, (4) B at maths and sciences and was (5) C to become a doctor. My sister was also
academically gifted, always being at the top of her class, (6) D I found school a struggle and really didn’t enjoy myself
there at all. In fact, I hated it so much that I left as soon as I could at 16.
So, imagine my family’s surprise when I made my first million pounds at the age of 20. How did I do it? Well, I started
an eco-friendly travel company and got in right at the start of the eco-travel boom. I now own more than twenty hotels
in countries such as Costa Rica and the Bahamas and have just sold my original company for £25 million. (7) B, my
older brother is a doctor in a busy hospital, complaining that he’s (8) B and my sister is a teacher in an inner-city school.
They both need a relaxing holiday, but it’ll cost them.
0 A youngest B only C younger D smaller
1 A sense B streak C feel D feeling
2 A younger B junior C inferior D youngest
3 A unfortunately B disappointingly C honestly D funnily
4 A outstood B excelled C surpassed D outshone
5 A surely B done C destined D made
6 A meanwhile B anyway C actually D whereas
7 A anyway B meanwhile C whereas D besides
8 A underworked B overworked C outplayed D downsized
2
5. Read the article and think of one word which best fits each gap. Use only one word for each gap. There is an
example at the beginning. (0)
Nature vs Nurture
You got your blue eyes from your mother, and your ears from your father. But (0) __ WHERE__ did you get your
adventurous personality or your talent (1) __ FOR__ singing? Did you learn these from your parents, or were they
determined by your genes? While it is clear that physical characteristics are hereditary, things are a little (2) __
LESS__ clear when it comes to an individual’s behaviour, intelligence (3) __ AND/OR__ personality. Ultimately, the
old argument of nature vs nurture has never really been won. We (4) __ DO___ not exactly know exactly how much
of what we are is determined by our DNA and how much by our life experience. But we do know that both (5) __
PLAY__ a part.
Some scientists think that people behave (6) __AS__ they do according to genetic predispositions or even ‘animal
instincts’. This is known as the ‘nature’ theory of human behaviour. (7) __ OTHER__ scientists believe that people
think and act in certain ways because they are taught to do so. This is the ‘nuture’ theory.
Our growing understanding of the human genome has recently made it clear that both sides are partially right.
Nature endows us (8) __ WITH__ inborn abilities and traits; nurture takes these natural tendencies and moulds them
as we learn and mature.
Discuss these questions with your partner.
 ‘ It is not possible for people to be nice to each other all the time.’
 ‘It is not possible to be both successful and happy.’
 ‘Most people’s personalities do not change as they get older.’
 Which person has inspired you the most?
 Which three adjectives describe personalities that you particularly dislike?
 Which three adjectives best describe your personality?
 Which personal characteristics have you inherited from your parents?
 When you argue with friends or family, what do you argue about?
3
English File Advanced. Unit 1b
given.
1. Sometimes I feel that customers think they are superior to us – I don’t like that.
RIGHT
The customers have NO RIGHT TO LOOK DOWN on us.
2. I had to make an effort so as to follow what he was saying.
ORDER
I had to make an effort IN ORDER TO KEEP UP with his words.
3. There have been 500 redundancies in the company.
MADE
500 people HAVE BEEN MADE REDUNDANT in the company.
4. She got the job even though she arrived late for the interview.
DESPITE
_DESPITE NOT ARRIVING ON __ time for the interview, she still got the job.
5. She got the job even though she didn’t know what to say in the interview.
DESPITE
She got the job DESPITE THE FACT SHE WENT blank in the interview.
6. She has been unemployed for 2 years.
WORK
She HAS BEEN OUT OF WORK for 2 years.
7. She worked hard for years and consequently the company started paying her more.
RESULT
She worked hard for years; AS A RESULT SHE GOT A rise.
8. I’m going to save a lot of money because I might lose my job
CASE
I’m going to save a lot of money IN CASE I AM LAID off.
9. I try to ignore it when my colleagues gossip about each other despite finding it really annoying.
HEAD
I try to ignore it when my colleagues gossip about each other EVEN THOUGH IT DOES MY HEAD in.
10. To avoid disturbing her colleagues, she closed the door of her office.
SO
She closed the door of her office SO AS NOT TO DISTURB her colleagues.
2. WORD FORMATION
1. They ___MISJUDGED__ his suitability for the job and ended up firing him 2 months later. JUDGE
2. Factory work can be quite __ REPETITIVE__ at times. REPEAT
3. Experience is valued more highly than academic __ QUALIFICATIONS__ in some cases. QUALIFY
4. She has just had a baby so she is on __ MATERNITY__ leave at the moment. MATERNAL
5. She felt safer in the workplace in __ COMPARISON_ to other areas of her life. COMPARE
4
1. Getting free books is one of the PERKS of my job.

2. If it´s not life or __ DEATH__, it´s not worth worrying about.
3. That’s it! I’ve had enough of this job. I QUIT!!
4. It breaks my __ HEART__ to think he was there for such a long time waiting for me.
5. I’m OFF work at the moment as I’ve got flu.
4. For questions 1-8, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of the lines to form a word that
fits in the gap in the same line.
GRADUATES NEED EMPLOYABILITY SKILLS

Years ago, anyone with a degree could be (0) ___REASONABLY__ confident of finding a job. REASON
But with ever more graduates looking for work, that confidence has now been replaced by
(1) __UNCERTAINTY___ even among those with a Master’s. Graduates, no matter how well CERTAIN
qualified, are (2)_INCREASINGLY_ being required to show they also have ‘employability skills’, INCREASE
such as numeracy, business awareness and the (3) __CAPABILITY__ to deal with problems CAPABLE
creatively.
Fortunately for (4) _ PROSPECTIVE__ undergraduates, many universities already aim to develop PROSPECT
such skills as part of their courses, frequently with the help of professional (5)__ADVISORS__ ADVICE
working in the relevant business sector. The approach often has both (6)__THEORETICAL__ THEORY
and practical elements, for instance designing a marketing campaign and then working with
actual clients.
Activities are done in groups, which (7) __ ENSURES__ that students become used to team work. SURE
Any unwillingness to take part can be overcome by pointing out that for many
(8)__EMPLOYERS__ the ability to work in a team is essential. EMPLOY
Discuss these question with your partner and try to ask ‘Why?’ or ‘Do you agree?’ if
necessary.
 Which jobs are considered to be good jobs in your country?

 Which job would you least like to do?
 Would you prefer to work on your own or as part of a team?
 Do you think it’s more important to make a lot of money or to enjoy your job?
 In what ways do you think people’s working conditions should be improved?
 Why do some people find it difficult to choose a career?
 Would you prefer to have one career or a series of jobs throughout your working life?
 Which is more important for an employee: qualifications or experience?
 Which is better: working in an office or working online from home
5
given.
1. She couldn’t understand what her lecturer said because he spoke so quickly.
HARD
She found IT HARD TO TAKE in what her lecturer said because he spoke so quickly.
2. I find the word ńecessarily´ really difficult to pronounce.
TONGUE
I just __ CAN´T GET MY TONGUE ROUND__ the word ńecessarily´.
3. I don’t know much French, but I think I’ll manage.
ABLE
I don’t know much French, but I think I’LL BE ABLE TO GET by.
4. They should be more careful if they don’t want to catch the flu.
CARE
They need TO TAKE CARE OF THEMSELVES if they don’t want to catch the flu.
5. We were pleased you got in touch with us.
HEAR
It WAS GREAT TO HEAR from you!
6. My father and I are no longer in touch.
TALK
My father and I DON’T TALK TO EACH OTHER anymore.
7. You were lucky not to be fired.
FORTUNATE
It WAS FORTUNATE YOU WERE NOT fired.
8. The girl told her mother that she had done it by herself.
BY
“ Look mummy, I HAVE DONE IT BY MYSELF.”
9. This concept is really complicated. I can´t understand it.
HEAD
I CAN´T GET MY HEAD ROUND this concept.
10. We have had a lot of storms recently.
BEEN
THERE HAVE BEEN a lot of storms recently.
2. WORD FORMATION
1. Our dedicated team is available online to provide GUIDANCE and support. GUIDE
2. The PRONUNCIATION of some words can be incredibly difficult in English. PRONOUNCE
3. It is NECESSARY to introduce measures to preserve the memory of languages that NEED
are dying out
4. We are calling upon this measure in defence of DEMOCRACY. DEMOCRAT
5. Because of the MISUNDERSTANDING about the project, we had to wait about 6 UNDERSTAND
months for the funding.
6

1. I can’t remember the word – it’s on the TIP of my tongue.

2. I haven´t spoken German in years. – I need to BRUSH up my German before we go to Berlin.
3. I´ve never attended Spanish classes – everything I know I´ve PICKED up here.
4. You speak Basque so well, you could almost PASS for a local.
5. Remember to dress up warm. IT is going to be cold out there today.
4. Read the text below and think of a word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in each gap. There is an
example at the beginning (0).
My love of languages
I love languages. I think it (0) MIGHT be because I love travelling and I think that it makes a real difference to your
trip if you (1) CAN speak the language of the place you’re visiting. Obviously some languages are more difficult (2)
THAN others and you don´t always have time to take lessons before going somewhere. But you can always learn a
few words and phrases. It makes a huge difference – people tend to be much more friendly and helpful if they can
see you have (3) MADE a bit of an effort.
So what should we learn before we leave? I think the minimum you need to learn to get around is greetings,
numbers, and ´thank you´. (4) IT also helps if you know how to say Í don´t understand ‘and Í´m from….´wherever
you´re from. I (5) DID this when I went to Korea for the World Cup in 2002. I then realised that I liked the sound of
Korean and decided to take lessons when I got back to the UK. It wasn´t easy finding a teacher (6) BUT I did. I´ve
been back to Korea every year since 2002 to practise what I have learnt. It´s a beautiful country and the people are
(7) SO delighted when they hear me speak that a smile often creeps across their face. And not only that, I´ve been
invited to people´s houses, taken out for meals, and been given discounts in shops. I love it and (8) WOULD
recommend it to everyone.
7
Manchester – city of many languages.
The city of Manchester in the north of England is famous (0) WORLDWIDE for its WORLD
industries, its rock bands and its football teams. But now Manchester has another
claim to fame as one of the world’s most linguistically varied cities.
(1)_ RESEARCHERS__ from the University of Manchester have discovered that at RESEARCH
least 153 different languages are spoken among the city’s half a million
(2)_ INHABITANTS_. The researchers say that Manchester’s language INHABIT
(3)__ DIVERSITY__ is greater than that of many countries. DIVERSE
The city has been home to many ethnic (4) __ MINORITIES__ for a long time, but MINOR
there has been a (5)__ NOTICEABLE__ change in the make-up of the population in the NOTICE
last two decades, and with continuing (6)__ IMMIGRATION__ into the city from IMMIGRATE
various parts of the world and the arrival of many (7) __ OVERSEAS__ students SEA
to study at Manchester’s colleges and universities, the number of languages is likely
to increase.
Currently, two-thirds of the city’s schoolchildren are bilingual, a very significant
figure, and an indication that Manchester will continue to be (8) _ENRICHED__ by its RICH
great mix of languages and cultures.
Answers these questions in pairs or small groups.
 Why is it important for you to be good at English?

 What is the most difficult aspect of the English language for you?
 Why is English such an important language in the world today?
 What´s the best way to learn a foreign language?
Now talk about these statements, saying if you agree or disagree.

Give reasons.
 ´The English language will not be as important in the future as
it is now.´
 ‘It is not necessary for everyone to learn a foreign language.’
8
given.
1. I was really disappointed to fail my exam.

HUGE
It WAS A HUGE DISAPPOINTMENT NOT TO pass my exam.
2. When we were children, we were never read bedtime stories by our parents.
READ
When we were children, our parents DIDN’T USE TO READ US bedtime stories.
3. We rehearsed for 4 hours and then they told us the news.
HAD
We HAD BEEN REHEARSING FOR four hours before they told us the news.
4. When I was a teenager, it was common for other people in my class to laugh at me because of my braces.
LAUGHING
My classmates WERE ALWAYS LAUGHING at me because of my braces.
5. Holidays were not common for us when we were younger.
GO
We DIDN´T USE TO GO ON holiday when we were younger.
6. When I was little, I was incredibly shy.
BE
When I was little, I USED TO BE incredibly shy.
7. She always told us a story every night and she invented them.
WOULD
She always told us a story every night and SHE WOULD MAKE THEM up herself.
8. It´s highly likely that I´ll be promoted soon.
POSSIBILITY
There IS A STRONG POSSIBILITY that I´ll be promoted soon.
9. She started working here in 2012 and it wasn´t until 3 years later that she knew all of our colleagues´ names.
HAD
She HAD BEEN WORKING HERE FOR 3 years before she knew all of our colleagues´ names.
10. I was amazed to hear from him after such a long time.
COMPLETE
To MY COMPLETE AMAZEMENT I heard from him after such a long time.
2. WORD FORMATION
1. Unfortunately, she has been struck by a mystery ___ ILLNESS__. ILL

2. She has such a vivid __ IMAGINATION__ - it´s fascinating to listen to her stories. IMAGINE
3. Our charity appreciates the __ GENEROSITY___ of its major donors. GENEROUS
4. He studied for 4 hours and then __ BOREDOM__ began to set in. BORE
5. We really need to talk to people in the __ NEIGHBOURHOOD__ to see how they feel NEIGHBOUR
about the proposed plans.
9

1. She SLAPPED him around the face when she found out he had been cheating on her. (CLUE – HIT)
2. Hang on! I´ll come with you! I´ll just GRAB my coat. (CLUE – TAKE QUICKLY)
3. I came UP with an amazing idea to save the business.
4. Every now and THEN I buy a box of chocolates and eat them secretly.
5. I USED to love receiving presents as a child.
4. Read the text and decide which option (A, B, C or D) best fits each space. There is an example at the beginning (0)
The value of walking

New research reveals that just walking 9.5 kilometres a week may (0) A your brain sharper as you get older. Research
published in the October 13 online issue of Neurology (1) B that walking may protect aging brains from growing smaller
and, in (2) C , preserve memory in old age.
‘Brain size shrinks in late adulthood, which can cause memory problems,’ study author Kirk Erickson of the University
of Pittsburgh said in a news release. ‘Our findings should encourage further well-designed scientific courses of physical
exercise in older adults as a very (3) B approach for preventing dementia and Alzheimer’s disease.’ For the study, the
team asked 299 dementia-free seniors to record the (4) A they walked each week.
Four years later, the participants were tested to see if they had developed (5) D of dementia. Then after nine years
had passed, scientists (6) B the participants’ brains to measure size. At the four-year test, researchers discovered
subjects who walked the most had reduced their risk of developing memory problems by 50 per cent. At the nine-year
checkpoint, those who walked at least 9.5 kilometres a week, had brains with a larger volume than those who didn’t
walk as much. This is not the first study to (7) D the benefits of walking in seniors. For example, last spring, Harvard
University found that women who walked regularly at a (8) B pace had an almost 40 per cent lower risk of stroke.
0 A keep B develop C prompt D commit
1 A studies B suggests C involves D allows
2 A result B effect C turn D case
3 A ideal B promising C indicative D fortunate
4 A distance B duration C extent D length
5 A factors B features C signals D signs
6 A skimmed B scanned C screened D sounded
7 A admire B respect C advertise D promote
8 A hard B brisk C brief D crisp
 What’s your favourite memory of your childhood?

 What can you remember about the teachers you had when you were a child?
 What games did you like playing when you were a child?
 What did you dislike doing when you were a child?
 ‘Childhood is the most important part of everyone’s life.’
 ‘Children today have too much freedom.
10
given.
1. In the end, we always do what she wants to do.

OWN
In the end, SHE ALWAYS GETS HER OWN way.
2. Are you annoyed by anybody in the public eye?
GETS
Is there anybody in the public eye WHO GETS ON YOUR NERVES?
3. I have a very good relationship with my sister-in-law.
HOUSE
My sister-in-law and I GET ON LIKE A HOUSE ON fire.
4. Can you ask your dad for help? I´ve got my hands full at the moment.
GET
Can you GET YOUR DAD TO HELP you? I´ve got my hands full at the moment.
5. He cheated in the exam, but didn´t get punished for it.
MANAGED
He cheated in the exam, but (HE) MANAGED TO GET AWAY with it.
6. I must throw away loads of old clothes – my wardrobe is jam-packed.
NEED
I NEED TO GET RID of loads of old clothes - – my wardrobe is jam-packed.
7. She took revenge on a friend for having played a practical joke on her.
GOT
She GOT HER OWN BACK ON her friend for having played a practical joke on her.
8. My car is making a really strange noise, so I´m going to ask the mechanic to repair it.
GET
I´m GOING TO GET MY CAR REPAIRED as it's making a really strange noise.
9. Her boss made her redundant yesterday, so she’s a bit depressed at the moment.
GOT
She GOT MADE REDUNDANT yesterday, so she’s a bit depressed at the moment.
10. He has been living there for 3 years now, but it is still strange for him to drive on the left.
GET
He just CAN’T GET USED TO DRIVING on the left.
2. WORD FORMATION
Complete each sentence with a correct form of the word in BOLD at the end of the row
1. First IMPRESSIONS are incredibly important. IMPRESS

2. He said he had hundreds of friends, but I think it was a bit of an EXAGGERATE
EXAGGERATION.
3. POLITENESS costs nothing and gains everything. POLITE
4. Have your ever been dumped ELECTRONICALLY ? ELECTRONIC
5. Can you complete the QUESTIONNAIRE and hand it in at the end of the QUESTION
class, please?
11
1. He´s forever trying to get OUT of doing the housework.
2. It took her a long time to get OVER their break-up.
3. How do you get AROUND your city? On foot or by public transport?
4. All this bad news is really getting me DOWN.
5. Thank you for your phone call. I will get BACK to you as soon as possible.
(0).
Arguing is good for you
Some people like nothing better than a good argument, while others will do (0) ABSOLUTELY anything to avoid one.
The common view of arguments is that they are stressful events and not good for you, even if you´re the (1) C of
person who starts them and enjoys them. However, this isn´t necessarily (2) A. According to research carried out
recently, quarrelling can actually be good for your health.
A psychologist analysed nearly two thousand people (3) B a wide variety of age groups, and found that 62 percent of
them avoided conflict whenever they could. The other 38 per cent liked to deal with disagreements in a very direct
(4) D. The psychologist looked at their relative stress levels of cortisol (a hormone connected with stress) and
discovered that people who tried to avoid conflict had abnormal rises and falls in their levels of the hormone. These
patterns showed that they were less able to (5) C down after having a confrontation than the people who argued with
others. The study also indicated that avoiding arguments can be (6) B with other physical symptoms, such as (7) C and
pains the next day. A lot of British people think it is better to (8) A your lip and keep quiet than to have an argument
with someone…..but perhaps they are wrong about that.
0 A completely B totally C absolutely D fully

1 A group B manner C sort D set
2 A so B it C sure D all
3 A throughout B across C upon D along
4 A method B action C move D way
5 A ease B rest C calm D relax
6 A joined B associated C combined D blended
7 A hurts B trouble C aches D sufferings
8 A bite B chew C swallow D clench
12
5. For questions 1-8, read the text below and think of a word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in each gap.
There is an example at the beginning.
The one for me
What’s important in the ideal partner? People come up (0) __ WITH__ different formulae and priorities. Some say
empathy (1) __WHICH_ may be a good starting point, thought I wonder whether it’s enough to sustain a long-term
relationship. (2)_ OTHERS__ say a keen sense of humour is vital and it is evident that those who laugh together
establish a happy basis on which to build. Physical attraction is high on the list – luckily, we all have our own concept
of (3) _ WHAT_ makes someone good-looking, (4)__OR/OTHERWISE__ we’d all fall for the same person! They might
not be handsome (5) __ IN__ everyone’s eyes but if they don’t appeal to you, things quickly fall apart. (6)__
WHILE/ALTHOUGH/THOUGH__ it may be true that opposites attract, I wonder whether this is a short-term
connection based (7) __ ON__ curiosity and the longest relationships require shared interests. As (8) __ FOR__ me, I
want a meeting of minds – personality is top of my list. Mind you, I’m still looking for my ideal partner!
Revision of idioms and expressions with get
 Is there anybody or anything that gets on your nerves?

 Is there anybody in your friendship group / family who needs to get their act together?
 With whom do you get on like a house on fire?
 Do you know anybody who always gets his/her own way?
 Do you know anybody who is getting on a bit?
 Is there anything that you’d like to get rid of, but just can’t?
 Would you like to get your own back on someone for something? What for?
 Did you use to get into trouble when you were younger?
13
given.
1. Would you like a cigarette?

No – actually, I don´t smoke anymore
FACT
Would you like a cigarette?
NO - as A MATTER OF FACT I GAVE up smoking last week.
2. Generally speaking, there are more advantages of seeing a film at the cinema than on a DVD at home.
ADVANTAGEOUS
On THE WHOLE IT’S MORE ADVANTAGEOUS to see a film at the cinema than on a DVD at home.
3. He won the election, despite the fact he wasn´t expected to at all.
ODDS
He won the election AGAINST OVERWHELMING ODDS.
4. He worked on a plantation for 12 years and then he was released.
HIS
He worked on a plantation for 12 years BEFORE HIS RELEASE.
5. He shouted at his boss because he couldn’t stand what she was doing to him anymore.
GOT
He GOT PUSHED TOO FAR by his boss and he shouted at her.
6. After the American Civil War, slavery was abolished.
LED
The American Civil War LED TO THE ABOLITION of slavery.
7. The jacket was too expensive, so I didn’t buy it. Anyway – I didn’t really like it that much.
CASE
The jacket was too expensive, so I didn’t buy it. IN ANY CASE I didn’t really like it that much.
8. The plot wasn´t made-up; it was something that actually happened.
BASED
The plot was BASED ON A TRUE STORY.
9. We don´t usually notice if the film is historically accurate or not.
INACCURACIES
HISTORICAL INACCURACIES OFTEN GO unnoticed in films.
10. You can stay with us if you want.
ACCOMMODATION
AS FAR AS ACCOMMODATION IS concerned, you can stay with us.
2. WORD FORMATION
1. Democracy is not merely __VICTORIOUS__ but long lasting. VICTORY

2. The film _OBVIOUSLY__ had a huge budget as the special effects were OBVIOUS
spectacular.
3. The approach is __ REVOLUTIONARY__ and will reform the way in REVOLUTION
which this surgery is performed.
4. The ´King´s Speech´ was based on a __ HISTORICAL__ event. HISTORY
5. She was kidnapped and held __CAPTIVE__ for over a week. CAPTURE
14
1. I think we should go to the cinema this afternoon. After ALL , the films are only usually shown for a short period
of time.
2. It was great to see you today! I loved your new haircut, by the WAY.
3. The two countries had been at war for years before they finally signed a peace TREATY.
4. She is very selfish. I MEAN , she never thinks about other people at all.
5. The inventor was AHEAD of his time in realizing the importance of being able to record sound.
(0).
2001: A Space Odyssey

One of the most (0) A films of any genre, 2001: A Space Odyssey came from a (1) B between the director, Stanley
Kubrick, and the science fiction writer, Arthur C. Clarke. It’s not an easy film to sum up. The plot is mostly beside the
point. It involves a government cover-up of something called the Monolith, and a malfunctioning computer’s efforts
to preserve the integrity of a space mission. Almost independently of this are separate strands (2) C with human
evolution from prehistoric times to the space age. Many have attempted to try and pin down this work with (3) C
about its deeper significance and purpose, and to this day there are (4) A exchanges about this. But such attempts at
analysis may be (5) D the point. What stays in the mind is the impact the film has on the senses. Even its strongest
critics never forget it. There are long stretches where very little happens, and for many the (6) B, or lack of it, is too
much to bear, but at the same time it is visually astonishing and has a soundtrack of often dissonant classical music
played so loud that it often (7) A with what characters say. Its visual style has probably had more lasting influence
than anything else about it. The incredible attention to physical detail (8) C the way to other film-makers, and critics
argue that despite modern computer graphics, some scenes have never been bettered.
0 A controversial B critical C touchy D arguable
1 A partnership B collaboration C participation D cooperation
2 A portraying B depicting C dealing D showing
3 A interpretations B details C explanations D accounts
4 A heated B hot C torrid D warm
5 A losing B avoiding C preventing D missing
6 A step B pace C rate D velocity
7 A interferes B collapses C intrudes D fades
8 A presented B laid C showed D prepared
15
 When have you taken revenge on someone?

 Which recent historical films have been very popular?
 Which historical films have you seen and enjoyed?
Now talk about these statements, saying if you agree or disagree. Give reasons.
 ‘Revenge is never a good thing.’

 ‘There is never a good way of ending a relationship.’
 ‘It does not matter if a historical film is factually inaccurate.’
 ‘Historical films are a good way for people to learn about history.’
16
given.
1. There is not a chance he´ll tolerate all that noise

DEFINITELY
He DEFINITELY WON´T PUT UP with that noise
2. I´m sure he knew what he was doing, otherwise he wouldn´t have tried to do it.
HAVE
He MUST HAVE KNOWN what he was doing, otherwise he wouldn´t have tried to do it.
3. I´m sure it wasn´t James who you saw; he´s on holiday.
HAVE
It CAN´T HAVE BEEN James you saw; he´s on holiday.
4. He probably won´t go on holiday to Spain.
UNLIKELY
He IS UNLIKELY TO GO on holiday to Spain.
5. The parcel will have arrived by now. I posted it two weeks ago.
OUGHT
The parcel OUGHT TO HAVE ARRIVED by now. I posted it two weeks ago.
6. He will probably change jobs soon.
QUITE
It IS QUITE LIKELY ( THAT) HE WILL change jobs soon.
7. I´m sure that he'll like the idea of 'Talk to me London.' It's right up his street.
BOUND
He IS BOUND TO LIKE the idea of 'Talk to me London.' It's right up his street.
8. Where´s Anna?
In the library – at least that is where she said she was going to be.
BE
Where´s Anna?
She OUGHT TO BE in the library. At least that is where she said she was going to be.
9. I’m convinced she didn’t do enough revision – that’s why she failed.
REVISED
She CAN’T HAVE REVISED ENOUGH – that’s why she failed.
10. What was that noise? Perhaps it was the screech of brakes.
HAVE
What was that noise? It __ MIGHT / COULD HAVE BEEN__ the screech of brakes.
2. WORD FORMATION
1. They felt POWERLESS to stop their daughter joining a cult. POWER

2. Our neighbour´s dog has been barking INCESSANTLY this morning. CEASE
3. They refused to turn down their music, which I think was completely REASON
UNREASONABLE.
4. Everyday sounds are HARMLESS for most people, but for people with HARM
misophonia, they are a nightmare.
5. Is Bilbao known for the FRIENDLINESS of its locals? FRIEND
17
1. Instead of drinking her coke quietly, she took a loud SLURP.

2. ´ Oh, this time last week we were on holiday and now I´m stuck in this office, ´she SIGHED.
3. ´Whaaaaaaaaaah! But I want an ice-cream…´ SOBBED the small child.
4. The boys jumped into the pool and made a loud SPLASH.
5. She stormed out of the room and SLAMMED the door behind her.
4. Read the text below and write in the word which best fits each space. Use only one word in each space. There is
an example at the beginning (0).
All That Jazz
You knew the song (0) when the band started, but now they’re obviously making (1) IT up as they go along. There
seems to be no definite tune, and it sounds as (2) IF the drummer keeps missing the beat and the vocalist has forgotten
the words. (3) DESPITE all this, people are tapping their feet and breaking into spontaneous applause. Could it be that
you have missed something? On (4) THE contrary – you’ve just discovered jazz music!
Jazz comes in various forms. It can be bright and confident, moody or even shy. Sometimes it is quite straightforward
in its structure, at (5) OTHERS extremely complex. The roots of jazz lie as much in Africa as they do in New Orleans or
Chicago and you will no doubt also hear Latin American and other influences in the music. (6) EVEN so, all the various
forms of jazz have features in common.
The first is rhythm, or the tempo at which a song is played, plus what is called ‘swing’. This comes about as a result of
the players’ use of ‘syncopation’, or putting accents and emphasis in surprising places in the music. The excitement is
heightened further by another trait of jazz – improvisation. In fact, skilled players invent (7) AT least half the music
spontaneously. A recipe for disaster, you (8) MIGHT/MAY/COULD think, but in fact the overall effect is magical,
making the music incredibly exciting and unpredictable.
18
5. Read the text and then use the words in capital letters at the end of some of the lines to form a word that
fits the gap in the same line. There is an example at the beginning.
The sound of silence

Nowadays noise is (0)___INESCAPABLE__ . We are bombarded on all sides by the ringtones ESCAPE
of personalised mobile phones and the (1) ___ LEAKAGE__ of music from fellow traveller’s LEAK
headphones. In shopping malls, background ‘muzak’ is (2) ___ UNAVOIDABLE__. Make a AVOID
business call and the moment we’re put on hold we’re ‘entertained’ by (3) __ UNWANTED_ WANT
music. Most of such music is bland and (4) __ MINDLESS__ , often deliberately emotional, MIND
playing with our senses for (5) ___ COMMERCIAL__ reasons. When piped music was COMMERCE
originally introduced into hotel lobbies and lifts, it was to mask a silence that might have
created a feeling of (6) __ DISCOMFORT_ among clients and to allow some private COMFORT
conversation.
Now some fear such noise pollution may be (7) __ HARMFUL __ to our well-being. Some HARM
people find it impossible to function without noise, yet when they are plugged into
headphones, they appear detached from those around them. There’s something worrying
about a society that finds silence (8) __ THREATENING__ or intolerable. We must THREAT
rediscover the sound of silence.
Tick the statements you agree with. Then compare your responses with a partner.
1. I find silence awkward and I always try to fill the gaps in a conversation.
2. I need silence to be able to concentrate properly
3. I would rather shops and airports were silent than have to listen to bland, canned music.
4. The idea of going to a retreat and spending several hours a day in silence fills me with horror.
 Which noises annoy you the most?

 When do you talk to strangers?
 What is your favourite sound?
 What noises do you most commonly hear when you are walking in the street?
19
given.
1. As soon as the film finished, I fell asleep

SOONER
NO SOONER HAD THE FILM FINISHED THAN I fell asleep.
2. We didn´t notice the time until it was too late.
DID
Not until IT WAS TOO LATE DID WE notice the time.
3. I finished one book and then started the next one almost straightaway.
HAD
Barely HAD I FINISHED ONE BOOK WHEN I started another.
4. You must not open this letter under any circumstances.
NO
Under NO CIRCUMSTANCES MUST YOU OPEN this letter.
5. I remembered my keys only after I had closed the door.
DID
Only after I HAD CLOSED THE DOOR, DID I remember my keys.
6. I have never seen such a good translation before.
HAVE
Never BEFORE HAVE I SEEN such a good translation.
7. We rarely watched films when we were younger.
WATCH
Hardly ever DID WE WATCH FILMS WHEN we were younger.
8. She´s a brilliant actress and a talented writer too.
ONLY
Not ONLY IS SHE A BRILLIANT ACTRESS, but she´s also a talented writer.
9. They had no idea it was the wrong book.
KNOW
Little DID THEY KNOW_ it was the wrong book.
10. I only noticed the rip on the cover of my book when I looked closely.
NOTICE
Only when I LOOKED CLOSELY DID I NOTICE the rip on the cover of my book.
2. WORD FORMATION
1. The trailer for this film comes with a SPOILER alert. SPOIL
2. His third novel is an absolute MASTERPIECE PIECE
3. His excuse for not having done his homework was rather PLAUSIBLE
IMPLAUSIBLE and his professor didn´t believe a word.
4. How would you feel about watching SUBTITLED films? TITLE
5. The OUTCOME of the experiment was completely unexpected. COME
20
1. Are there any books your haven´t read but feel you OUGHT to?
2. She was so MOVED by the film that she had tears in her eyes.
3. The story was GRIPPING and I just couldn´t put the book down.
4. It´s a pity the story is so DEPRESSING- I felt really sad afterwards.
5. No sooner had I bought the book THAN I realised I had already read it.
LOST IN TRANSLATION?
There’s a well-known story in the world of literary translators (0) ABOUT the translator who was thrilled to see his
work appear (1) AT great length in an article in a prestigious magazine. He had translated a number of novels by a
little-known Scandinavian novelist, who he believed had (2) BEEN neglected and not received the attention or praise
he deserved. He had dedicated much of his working life to trying to get this novelist some recognition. The article
agreed with his assessment of the novelist’s work and illustrated (3) ITS view of his worth by quoting long passages
from the translations.
But (4) SOMETHING was missing. The translator searched in vain for a mention of his name. It didn’t appear
anywhere. The translator’s joy at the coverage of his favourite author was considerably spoilt by this. He felt that he
himself (5) SHOULD have had some recognition in the article. The implication was that the translations had just
appeared from nowhere, or (6) EVEN perhaps that the novelist had done them himself. It was as if the translator did
not exist, and all the efforts he had (7) MADE had never happened.
This incident raises a fundamental question about the status and function of the literary translator. Most people (8)
WOULD agree that it was wrong of the magazine to omit any mention of the translator. However, it is also true that
readers themselves operate in exactly the same way, and for them it is also as if the translator didn’t exist.
21
Customer reviews
The (0) __PUBLICATION__ of Matthew Quick’s debut novel represented PUBLISH
something of a milestone . The promotional material that (1) __ ACCOMPANIED_ COMPANY
the launch featured glowing, five-star reviews such as ‘charming and well written,
(2)__ ARGUABLY__ the best book I’ve read this year.’ Nothing so unusual in that, ARGUE
you might think. Except that these notices came not from (3)_ PROFESSIONAL__ PROFESSION
critics on national newspapers, but from actual readers who had bought the book on
the internet, and enjoyed it enough to post a positive review on the site.
It could be argued, of course, that the (4) __ ANALYSIS__ of an informed literary ANALYSE
critic may well be more (5) __ RELIABLE__ than the thoughts of one casual reader. RELY
But along with the actual words penned by the amateur reviewers, the site records the
star rating awarded to each title by all readers proving (6)__ FEEDBACK__ . The book receives FEED
a cumulative star rating based on the average number of stars awarded, and constant
(7) __(RE) ADJUSTMENTS__ are made as further reviews come in. The more people like the ADJUST
book, the higher the star rating. Maybe that kind of (8)__RECOMMENDATION__ speaks for RECOMMEND
itself.
 What kind of books interest you the most?

 If you wrote a book, what kind of book
would it be?
 What’s the best book you’ve ever read?
 What kind of books do teenagers read
these days? Now talk
about these statements, saying if you
agree or disagree. Give reasons.
 ‘Modern technology involves a lot of
annoying sounds.’
 ‘Books are the best way of learning
about people and life.’
 ‘It is best to read reviews of a book
before buying it.’
22
given.
1. I´m sure he´ll propose to you soon – just wait and see.
TIME
I´m sure he´ll propose to you soon, it´s just A QUESTION/MATTER OF TIME.
2. We can´t give you a new one now, so for now you have to you this second-hand one.
TIME
We can´t give you a new one now, so FOR THE TIME BEING you have to use this second-hand one.
3. I think you should get a new phone - that one belongs in a museum!
TIME
It IS (ABOUT/HIGH) TIME YOU GOT a new phone – that one belongs in a museum!.
4. You´re going to have an amazing time at university.
TIME
You are going to have THE TIME OF YOUR LIFE at university.
5. We expect that he will pass the exam.
PASS
He IS EXPECTED TO PASS the exam.
6. People think the family had been living there secretly for 5 years.
THOUGHT
The family IS THOUGHT TO HAVE BEEN LIVING there secretly for 5 years.
7. Experts think that there are only 100 Sumatran rhinos left in the world.
BE
There ARE THOUGHT TO BE only 100 Sumatran rhinos left in the world.
8. People say that eating an apple a day keeps the doctor away.
SAID
It IS SAID THAT eating an apple a day keeps the doctor away.
9. Apparently, he has been paying for private holidays with the company´s money.
SEEM
It WOULD SEEM THAT he has been paying for private holidays with the company´s money.
10. Excuse me, but I think the bill is wrong.
SEEMS
Excuse me, but I think THERE SEEMS TO BE a mistake with the bill.
2. WORD FORMATION
1. Multitasking is an everyday OCCURRENCE. OCCUR

2. An experiment conducted by PSYCHOLOGISTS has shown that mindfulness PSYCHOLOGY
training develops our ability to concentrate.
3. I´m always short of time on a WEEKDAY morning – never at the weekend. WEEK
4. Do you think how you manage time says anything about your PERSONALITY? PERSONAL
5. Brain OVERLOAD can be the result of multitasking. LOAD
23
1. I think that watching TV is a WASTE of time.

2. I didn´t finish the test because I ran OUT of time.
3. Have you been faced WITH any difficult decisions lately?
4. Are you having difficulties concentrating ON your studies?
5. How do you deal WITH stress?
The great myth of multitasking
You open the door to your teenage daughter´s room.

´What are you doing? ´ you ask.
Ńothing much, ´ she answers. ´Burning a CD, doing my homework, helping Jade with hers by WhatsApp…..´
Áll at the same time? ´
´Sure, it´s easy.´
(0) __WHILE__ your daughter may be convinced that she (1)__ CAN __ do all these things at the same time, a
(1) number of recently published neuroscience research papers argue that this is not in fact the case. Apparently
(2) __WHAT_ is really happening is that our brains juggle these tasks, rapidly switching from one to the
(3) _ OTHER__ and choosing a sequence in which to do (4) _ THEM__.
This may seem counter-intuitive. Multitasking is a perfectly natural everyday occurrence. We can cook the
dinner while engrossed in a soap on TV or we can chat to a friend while walking down the street without bumping
(5) __ INTO__ anybody or getting run over. (6) __ HOWEVER___, research suggests that there is an enormous
difference between how the brain can deal with what are referred to (7) __ AS__ ´highly practiced tasks ´, such
as stirring or walking, and how it responds when, for example, you think about adding another ingredient or you
decide to change the direction in which you are walking. In (8) __ THIS__ case, our brains will require us to
concentrate on the activity at hand.
Discuss these questions with your partner.
 What kind of multitasking do you do?

 Which modern gadget do you think wastes people’s time?
 Which modern gadget is the most useful one for you?
 ‘It is better to be very busy than not busy at all’
24
given.
1. Although they can´t afford it, they have always spent their more money than they have.
HAVE
They HAVE ALWAYS LIVED BEYOND THEIR means.
2. I don´t want you to borrow my laptop.
RATHER
I WOULD RATHER YOU DIDN´T BORROW my laptop.
3. She is very tight-fisted, which is a pity.
ONLY
If ONLY SHE WEREN´T SO tight-fisted.
4. Buying those shoes is impossible at the moment as I haven’t got enough money.
AFFORD
I WISH I COULD AFFORD TO BUY those beautiful shoes.
5. We started the journey late and so now we are still travelling.
ONLY
If ONLY WE HADN’T SET off so late, we´d be there by now.
6. I don´t want to participate in the competition.
RATHER
I WOULD RATHER NOT TAKE PART in the competition.
7. Why didn´t I buy the flights last week? They were cheaper then.
WISH
I WISH I HAD BOUGHT the flights last week; they were cheaper then.
8. With only one income, they have difficulties paying all the bills etc.
MEET
With only one income, they find IT DIFFICULT TO MAKE ENDS MEEET.
9. I´m sure the wedding was very expensive.
COST
The wedding MUST HAVE COST AN ARM and a leg.
10. The government gave her money and covered her living costs when she was abroad.
GIVEN
She WAS GIVEN A GRANT from the government to study abroad.
2. WORD FORMATION
1. The stress at work was just too much and she ended up having a nervous BREAKDOWN. BREAK
2. Do you think a woman should always look GLAMOROUS for her husband? GLAMOUR
3. Muhammad Yunus is a social entrepreneur and an ECONOMIST. ECONOMY
4. Does it really matter who the highest EARNER is in a couple? EARN
5. Some woman are determined to find a partner who will improve their FINANCIAL FINANCE
prospects.
25
1. We love living here and we have a great STANDARD of living.

2- Nowadays it is incredibly difficult to get a MORTGAGE to buy a house.
3. I need some dollars for my trip to New York. Do you know what the EXCHANGE rate is?
4. She often went on shopping sprees and nearly every month she ended up in the RED.
5. Can you tell me a little bit more about the business he has set UP?
The origin of plastic payment cards.

IN 1954, Stanley Dashew’s company was facing serious (0) _FINANCIAL__ difficulties. FINANCE
With a large tax bill to pay and a (1)__ SUPPLIER__ demanding immediate payment, it SUPPLY
looked (2)__ UNLIKELY__ to meet its next payroll. However, not only did the California- LIKE
based Dashew Business Machines survive its cash-flow crisis, it went on to bring the
world one of the banking sector’s most enduringly (3)__ SUCCESSFUL __ innovations: SUCCESS
the embossed plastic card.
In those days, most everyday consumer (4)__ TRANSACTIONS__ were settled in cash, TRANSACT
whilst larger payments involved the use of handwritten cheques. Although charge cards
were already in (5)__ EXISTENCE__ these were paper-based , EXIST
and so (6)__ EASILY_ torn or defaced. EASE
At the time, Dashew Business Machines was making data-imprinting
equipment for the US government and Stanley saw a possible new (7)__ APPLICATION__ APPLY
of the existing technology. He developed a machine that could emboss a plastic bank
card with the account holder’s name and other details, a technological
(8) __ BREAKTHROUGH__ which was to lead directly to the development of the world’s BREAK
first credit card.
26
The IKEA Story
IKEA founder Ingvar Kamprad made headlines (0) in early 2004 when Swedish business magazine Veckans Affarer
reported that he had surpassed Bill Gates (1) __AS_____ the world’s wealthiest person. While IKEA’s
unconventional ownership structure makes this the matter of some debate, there is (2)___NO/LITTLE____ doubt
that IKEA is still one of the largest, most successful privately held companies in the world, with (3) _
OVER/ABOUT/AROUND______ 200 stores in 31 countries, employing over 75,000 people and generating over 12
billion in sales annually.
Kamprad was born in the South of Sweden in 1926 and brought (4) ___UP____ on a farm called Elmtaryd, near
the small village of Agunnaryd. Kamprad began to develop a business as a young boy, selling matches to
neighbours from his bicycle. He found that he could buy matches in bulk very cheaply from Stockholm, sell them
individually (5) _AT______ a low price and still (6) ____MAKE___ a good profit. From matches, he expanded
to selling fish, Christmas tree decorations, seeds and later ball-point pens and pencils. When Kamprad was 17, his
father gave him a reward for succeeding (7) ___IN____ his studies. He used this money to establish (8)
___WHAT____ has grown into IKEA.
Discuss these questions with your partner:
 Some people find it very difficult to get out of debt. Why do you think this is?
 Do you think electronic means of payment will ever completely replace cash?
 How much do you think people need to earn to live comfortably?
 Do you think schools should teach children how to manage money?
 What are the advantages and disadvantages of having a credit card?
 Do you think today’s society places too much importance on making money?
 Do you think we are encouraged to be too materialistic nowadays?
 How important do you think it is to save for the future?
27

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1. She last saw her brother in 2012.

1. He never plans anything. On the contrary, he is quite __ SPONTANEOUS.__ SPONTANEITY

3. COMPLETE THE GAPS

0 A youngest B only C younger D smaller

1 A sense B streak C feel D feeling

2 A younger B junior C inferior D youngest

3 A unfortunately B disappointingly C honestly D funnily

4 A outstood B excelled C surpassed D outshone

5 A surely B done C destined D made

6 A meanwhile B anyway C actually D whereas

7 A anyway B meanwhile C whereas D besides

8 A underworked B overworked C outplayed D downsized

Discuss these questions with your partner.

3. COMPLETE THE GAPS

1. Getting free books is one of the PERKS of my job.

GRADUATES NEED EMPLOYABILITY SKILLS

 Which jobs are considered to be good jobs in your country?

3. COMPLETE THE GAPS

1. I can’t remember the word – it’s on the TIP of my tongue.

Manchester – city of many languages.

Answers these questions in pairs or small groups.

 Why is it important for you to be good at English?

Now talk about these statements, saying if you agree or disagree.

1. I was really disappointed to fail my exam.

1. Unfortunately, she has been struck by a mystery ___ ILLNESS__. ILL

3. COMPLETE THE GAPS

The value of walking

0 A keep B develop C prompt D commit

1 A studies B suggests C involves D allows

2 A result B effect C turn D case

3 A ideal B promising C indicative D fortunate

4 A distance B duration C extent D length

5 A factors B features C signals D signs

6 A skimmed B scanned C screened D sounded

7 A admire B respect C advertise D promote

8 A hard B brisk C brief D crisp

 What’s your favourite memory of your childhood?

1. In the end, we always do what she wants to do.

1. First IMPRESSIONS are incredibly important. IMPRESS

3. COMPLETE THE GAPS

0 A completely B totally C absolutely D fully

The one for me

Revision of idioms and expressions with get

 Is there anybody or anything that gets on your nerves?

1. Would you like a cigarette?

1. Democracy is not merely __VICTORIOUS__ but long lasting. VICTORY

3. COMPLETE THE GAPS

2001: A Space Odyssey

0 A controversial B critical C touchy D arguable

1 A partnership B collaboration C participation D cooperation

2 A portraying B depicting C dealing D showing

3 A interpretations B details C explanations D accounts

4 A heated B hot C torrid D warm

5 A losing B avoiding C preventing D missing

6 A step B pace C rate D velocity

7 A interferes B collapses C intrudes D fades

8 A presented B laid C showed D prepared

Answers these questions in pairs or small groups.

 When have you taken revenge on someone?

 ‘Revenge is never a good thing.’

1. There is not a chance he´ll tolerate all that noise

1. He never plans anything. On the contrary, he is quite SPONTANEOUS. SPONTANEITY

1. Unfortunately, she has been struck by a mystery _ ILLNESS. ILL

1. Democracy is not merely VICTORIOUS but long lasting. VICTORY