Diagnostic Assessment on Chemical Equilibrium

Grade 13

1. When pink cobalt (II) chloride crystals are heated they form steam and a blue solid. When water
is added to the blue solid, it turns pink and becomes hot. Which terms describe the pink cobalt
(II) chloride crystals and the reactions?

2. Which reaction is reversible?

A CuCO3 + 2HCl → CuCl2 + CO2 + H2O C 2Na + 2H2O → 2NaOH + H2

B CuSO4.5H2O → CuSO4 + 5H2O D NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H2O

3. A reversible reaction is shown.

2NO2(g) N2O4(g) ; ΔH = –58 kJ/mol
Which statement about an equilibrium mixture of NO2 and N2O4 is correct?
A If the pressure is decreased the amount of N2O4 increases.
B If the temperature is increased the amount of N2O4 increases.
C The rates of formation and decomposition of N2O4 are not the same.
D The decomposition of N2O4 is an endothermic reaction.

4. When a solution containing silver ions is added to a solution containing iron (II) ions, an
equilibrium is set up.
Ag+ (aq) + Fe2+ (aq) Ag (s) + Fe3+ (aq)
The addition of which substance would not affect the amount of silver precipitated?
A Ag+ (aq) B Fe2+ (aq) C Fe3+ (aq) D H2O (l)

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5. The equation for the reversible reaction between hydrogen and iodine to form hydrogen iodide is
shown.
The colours of the reactants and products are shown.
H2(g) + I2(g) 2HI(g)
colourless purple colourless
The forward reaction is exothermic. Which statement is correct?
A An increase in pressure has no effect on the equilibrium position.
B The purple colour fades when the reaction mixture is heated.
C When equilibrium is reached, both forward and reverse reactions stop.
D When more hydrogen gas is added, the purple colour increases.
6. The equation for the reaction between carbon monoxide and hydrogen is shown.
CO (g) + 3H2 (g) CH4 (g) + H2O (g)
What are the units of Kp for this reaction?
A KPa B KPa-1 C KPa-2 D KPa2
7. For the equilibrium
2SO2 (g) + O2 (g) 2SO3 (g)
What will change the value of Kp?
A adding a catalyst C increasing the pressure
B adding more oxygen D increasing the temperature
8. For the reaction
W (aq) + 2X (aq) 2Y (aq) + 3Z (aq)
What are the correct units for the equilibrium constant Kc?
A moldm-3 B mol2dm-6 C mol-1dm3 D mol-2dm6 [8]
9. Ammonia is manufactured by the Haber process. Nitrogen and hydrogen are passed over a
catalyst at a temperature of 450 °C and a pressure of 200 atmospheres.
The equation for the reaction is as follows. This reaction reaches a dynamic equilibrium state.
N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) 2NH3 (g)
The forward reaction is exothermic.
(a) What do you understand by a dynamic equilibrium state?

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 (b) If a temperature higher than 450 °C was used in the Haber process, what would happen to the

yield of ammonia? Give a reason for your answer.

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(c) If a pressure higher than 200 atmospheres was used in the Haber process, what would happen

to the yield of ammonia? Give a reason for your answer.

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10. Hydrogen iodide dissociates into its elements according to the equation below.

2 HI (g) H2 (g) + I2 (g)

(a) Write the expression for the equilibrium constant Kc.

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(b) At 120 0C the equilibrium mixture contains 1.47 moldm -3 of HI (g), 0.274 moldm-3 each of H2

(g) and I2 (g).

Calculate the value of Kc for the equilibrium at 120 0C.

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11. CO (g) + H2O(g) CO2 (g) + H2 (g)

A mixture containing 0.40 mol of CO (g) and 0.6 mol of H2O (g) was placed in a vessel of

volume 1 dm3 and allowed to come to equilibrium. At equilibrium the vessel contained 0.1 mol

of CO (g).

Calculate the value of Kc at the same temperature.

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12. Nitrogen dioxide exists in equilibrium with dinitrogen tetraoxide, N2O4.

2NO2 (g) N2O4 (g)

2.00 mol of nitrogen dioxide was sealed in a container at 350 K. after equilibrium had been

established the total pressure was 140 KPa and the mixture of gases contained 1.84 mol of

nitrogen dioxide.

(i) Give the expression for the equilibrium constant, Kp, for this equilibrium.

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(ii) Calculate Kp.

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