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Uttar Pradesh is the fourth largest (by area) as well as the most populous state in India.
With a total area of 243,290 square kilometres, Uttar Pradesh is roughly of the same size
as the United Kingdom. Uttar Pradesh Police Constable Exam will contain state-wise GK
questions. If you are appearing for the upcoming UP Police exam, you must have a sound
knowledge of its geography. Here, we are providing you essential pointers which will help
you prepare efficiently for the upcoming UP Constable exam.

Geography of Uttar Pradesh for UP Police Constable Exam 2018

Geo-morphological Structure
• Uttar Pradesh is a frontier state located in the north-central of India. Latitudinally
it lies between 23052’ 'to 30024’northern latitude and Longitude wise between
77005’ 'to 84038’ east longitude.
• From east to west, its length is 650 km and from south to north is 240 km.
• Uttar Pradesh has a total area of 243,286 km² sq km, which is 7.33% of the
total area of India.
• The Urban area of Uttar Pradesh: 2.70% of its total geographical area. (6,558
sq km)
• The position of Uttar Pradesh in terms of Area: 4th (after Rajasthan, MP and
Maharashtra respectively)
• The boundary of UP is touched by 9 states / Union Territories.
• Name of state whose are touching the boundary of Uttar Pradesh: Himachal
Pradesh, Haryana, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand,
Bihar, Uttarakhand
• Union Territory touching the boundary of U.P.- Delhi
• The longest border touching UP is that of Madhya Pradesh.
• Whereas the smallest border is that of Himachal Pradesh.
• 7 districts of Uttar Pradesh lie adjacent to Nepal border. They are Maharajganj,
Sidharthanagar, Balrampur, Shravasti, Bahraich, Lakhimpur and Pilibhit.
• Total border length of Nepal touching UP is 579 km.
• Seven districts of Uttar Pradesh touch the boundary of Uttarakhand state. They are
Saharanpur, Muzaffar Nagar, Bijnor, Moradabad, Rampur, Bareli and
Pilibhit.
• Name of Six districts of Uttar Pradesh touching the boundary of Haryana state:
Saharanpur, Shamli, Bagpat, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Aligarh and Mathura.
• Name of two districts of Uttar Pradesh touching the boundary of Delhi are
respectively: Ghaziabad, Gautam Buddha Nagar (NOIDA).
• River determining the boundary between Haryana and UP: Yamuna.
• Name of two districts of Uttar Pradesh touching the boundary of Rajasthan are
respectively: Agra and Mathura.
• Name of eleven districts of Uttar Pradesh touching the boundary of Madhya Pradesh
state are Agra, Etawah, Jalna, Jhansi, Lalitpur, Mahomba, Banda,
Chitrakoot, Allahabad, Mirzapur and Sonbhadra.
• Name of seven districts of Uttar Pradesh touching the boundary of Bihar state are
Sonbhadra, Chandauli, Ghazipur, Ballia, Deoria, Kushinagar (Padrauna)
and Maharajganj.
• Districts of Uttar Pradesh touching the boundary of Chhattisgarh state is Only
Sonbhadra.

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• Name of the district of Uttar Pradesh touching the boundary of Jharkhand state is
Only Sonbhadra.
• The number of states lying adjacent to the border of Sonbhadra district: 4 (M.P.,
Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand and Bihar).
• Number of States lying adjacent to the Saharanpur district of Uttar Pradesh: 3
(Haryana, Himachal and Uttarakhand).
• Name of the State touching to the southernmost point of Uttar Pradesh:
Chhattisgarh.
• Name of the States touching the eastern and western parts of the state: Bihar and
Haryana 4 districts having the largest area in decreasing order: Khiri, Sonbhadra,
Hardoi, Sitapur.
• U.P. is currently divided into three physiographic territories:
(i) Gangetic plain: The elevation of Ganga Yamuna is 300 m from sea level. It
has been constructed from alluvium soil.
(ii) Bhabar - Terai region: This area extends from Saharanpur in the northwest
to Kushinagar in the east. This area is flat and moist. Swamp Field is found here
due to excessive rainfall.
(iii) Plateau of the South: The total area of this area is 45200 square kilometres.
The terrain of Bundelkhand and Baghelkhand is included in the plateau region
of the south.
Climate of Uttar Pradesh
• The climate of Uttar Pradesh is predominantly Tropical monsoon type. However,
due to the different abnormalities and different heights of different places from the
sea level, there is an inequality in the climate.
• There Three seasons: Summer, Rainy and Winter.
Summer season: Summer season is from mid-March to mid-June.
• The average high temperature in summer is 360C to 390 C. And average low is
210C to 230 C minimum.
• The highest average temperature is found in Bundelkhand. The reason for this
is its position near the line of Tropic of Cancer.
Rainy Season: The rainy season is from the last week of June to October.
• The highest rainfall occurs in the months of July and August.v Average
temperature ranges from a maximum of 320C to 340C and minimum of 250C.
• The district with highest and lowest rainfall: Gorakhpur (184.7 cm), Mathura
(54.4 cm)v Average annual rainfall of different parts of the state: Lowland area
150 cm, Eastern plains 112 cm, Intermediate plains 94 cm, Western plains area
84 cm, Southern hill plateau area 91 cm.
Winter season: The winter season is from November to February. The
coldest month of this season in January.

Forests and natural Flora in Uttar Pradesh

• The temperate, tropical, deciduous and thorny forests are found in the state.
• In Uttar Pradesh first forest policy was declared in the year 1952 and second forest
policy in the year 1998.
• Forest Corporation was established in Uttar Pradesh on November 25, 1974.
• Total Forest area in is 14,461 sq km, which is 6.00% of the total area of Uttar
Pradesh, in which 2195 sq km is dense forests (0.91%), 4060 sq km is medium
density forest (1.69%), and 8206 sq km is open Forest (3.41%).

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• Plantation area in the state is 7044 sq km, which is 2.92% of the total area of Uttar
Pradesh.
• Area of shrubs in Uttar Pradesh is 803 sq. Km, which is 0.33% of the total area of
Uttar Pradesh.
• Forest area between 2013 (13th report) and 2015 increased by 112 sq km
• 5 districts having the highest forest area (in descending order): Sonbhadra, Khiri,
Mirzapur, Pilibhit, Chitrakoot
• 5 districts having the lowest forest area (increasing order): Bhadohi, Sant Kabir
Nagar, Mau, Mainpuri, Varanasi·
• 5 districts having the highest forest percentage (in descending order): Sonbhadra,
Chandauli, Mirzapur, Pilibhit, Chitrakoot.
• 5 districts having the lowest one percent (in ascending order): Bhadohi, Mainpuri,
Sant Kabir Nagar, Deoria, Mau

Important schemes related to forests

• Social Forestry Scheme was started in 1976.
• U.P. Forestry project was started in March 1998.
• Operation Green Yojana started in 2001

Wildlife Conservation
• The supreme organization of the conservation of wildlife in the country is Indian
wildlife board; the Prime Minister is the chairperson of this board. Zoo in Uttar
Pradesh is in Lucknow and Kanpur.
• India's first-night Wildlife Park (Night Safari Park) is in Greater Noida.
• National Lion Safari Park is in Etawah.
• National Elephant Safari Park is also located in Etawah.
• Rescue and rehabilitation centre of elephants is in Etawah.
• Rescue and rehabilitation centre of bears is located at Mathura.
• The country's largest alligator sanctuary is in the Chambal river area.
• Peacock protection centre is proposed for Vrindavan.
• National Park of Uttar Pradesh is in Dudhwa, which was declared in 1977.
• The first tiger reserve of the state is Dudhwa, which was declared in 1987.
• Second Tiger Reserve is in Pilibhit-Shahjahanpur districts, which was declared
on June 2014.
• The state declared its eco-tourism policy in 2014.
• There is total 11 wildlife sanctuary in Uttar Pradesh.
• There is total 13 bird sanctuary in Uttar Pradesh.
• The first wildlife sanctuary of the state is Chandraprabha Wildlife sanctuary
which was established at Chandauli in 1957.
• Uttar Pradesh's largest wildlife sanctuary is Hastinapur Wildlife sanctuary, which
has an area of 2,073 sq km.
• Uttar Pradesh's smallest wildlife sanctuary is Mahavir Swami Wildlife
sanctuary, which has an area of 5.40 sq km and is located in Lalitpur.
• Uttar Pradesh's first bird sanctuary of the state is located at Nawabganj which
was established in 1984.
• Uttar Pradesh's largest bird sanctuary is Lakh Bahashi (लाख बहाशी) located at
Kannauj.
• Uttar Pradesh's smallest bird sanctuary is Patna bird sanctuary which is located at
Eta.

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Soil of Uttar Pradesh

• The soil of the Bhabar -Terai region is made up of stones and thick sand.
• In Uttar Pradesh alluvial soil is most widespread.
• The alluvial soil has been formed from mud and sand.
• Alluvial soil is rich in Potash and lime.
• Desert soil is found in some Western districts of Uttar Pradesh.
• Lal, Parva, Mar, Rakar, and Bhonta etc. soils are found in Bundelkhand area.
• The percentage of the wetland area is, in terms of total area of the state: 5.15%·
• District of the Uttar Pradesh with highest Wetland area: Sonabhadra.
• Districts of the Uttar Pradesh with lowest wetland area: Baghpat and Hathras

Agriculture and Animal Husbandry in Uttar Pradesh

• Total agro-ecological zones in the state: 20.
• 59.3% of the working population of Uttar Pradesh dependent on agriculture.
• Uttar Pradesh has been divided into nine agriculture-climatic zones.
• The main means of irrigation in Uttar Pradesh is tube well.
• In 2014-15, cropping intensity of Uttar Pradesh was 157.53 percent.
• Uttar Pradesh is first in the production of wheat, barley, sugarcane, potato and
lentils in the country.
• Uttar Pradesh is second in rice production in the country.
• Production of a gram is highest in Bundelkhand region in Uttar Pradesh.
• Sugarcane is the largest cash crop in Uttar Pradesh.
• Production of the wheat crop is the largest in Gorakhpur.
• Opium is cultivated in Barabanki district of Uttar Pradesh.
• Potato processing and export zone is located in Agra of Uttar Pradesh.
• Only Opium factory of Uttar Pradesh is located in Ghazipur.
• Research and Training center for Mango is in Lucknow.
• Research and Training center for guava is in Allahabad.
• Pratapgarh is the highest Amla production region.
• Uttar Pradesh has the first place in livestock number.
• Uttar Pradesh has first place in the milk production in the country.
• Uttar Pradesh is at 8th place in egg production.
• Animal feed Bank of Uttar Pradesh in Bharari (Jhansi).
• State milk council was established in 1976.

Rivers in Uttar Pradesh

• Major rivers of Uttar Pradesh: Ganga, Yamuna, Ramganga, Gomti and Ghaghara.
• Uttar Pradesh's most polluted river is the Yamuna.
• The river Ganga is most polluted from Kannauj to Varanasi in Uttar Pradesh.
• Kanpur to Allahabad stretch of Ganga has the highest BOD (Biological Oxygen
Demand).
• The major cities of the Uttar Pradesh which on the bank of Ganga: Sherpur,
Ghazipur, Saidpur, Varanasi, Mirzapur, Sirsa, Allahabad, Shringerpur, Kalakankar,
Dalmau, Kanpur, Bithoor, Bellaur, Fatehgarh, Kachhalaghat, Garhmukteswar, etc.
• Length of Ganga in UP: about 900 km.

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• The entry and exit of river Ganga in Uttar Pradesh is Bijnor and Ballia districts
respectively.
• The longest river in the state is Ganga which flows through 28 districts.
• The entrance of the river Ramganga occurs is in Bijnor district.
• Ramganga Joins Ganga near Fatehgarh.
• Kali river Joins to the Ganga near Kannauj.
• Boodhi Ganga Joins to the Ganga at Badaun.
• Largest Ganga’s coastal district of Uttar Pradesh: Badaun (133 K.m).
• The major cities of the Uttar Pradesh which are located on the bank of river
Yamuna: 10 cities like Allahabad, Kaushambi, Hamirpur, Etawah, Kalpi Bateshwar,
Agra, Mathura, Vrindavan, Baghpat etc.
• The Yamuna flows through 19 districts.
• The entry and exit of river Yamuna in Uttar Pradesh is Saharanpur and Allahabad
(Here Yamuna merges into Ganga) respectively.
• The towns of Jaunpur, Sultanpur, Lucknow, etc. are located on the bank of the
Gomti river.
• Ayodhya, Gonda, Barhalanganj, Chhahaj etc. are situated on the banks of the river
Saryu.
• The entry and exit of Gandak river in Uttar Pradesh Maharajganj and Kushinagar,
respectively.
• Gandak river is known as Shaligrami and Narayani In Uttar Pradesh.
• Sharada (Kali) river enters UP from Pilibhit district.
• Hindon river joins the Yamuna in Noida.
• Chambal river enters Uttar Pradesh from Agra district.
• Chambal river joins the Yamuna river at Auraiya.
• The entry of Betwa river in Uttar Pradesh is from Lalitpur.
• Betwa in Uttar Pradesh joins to the Yamuna at Hamirpur.
• The entry of the Ken River in Uttar Pradesh is from Banda district.
• Ken River joins the Yamuna at Banda.
• Tons river enters UP in Allahabad where it also merges into Ganga.
• The entry and exit district of the Sen river in Uttar Pradesh is Sonbhadra district.

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