MEDICAL NURSING DATE

NAME: 30MINUTES
ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS
1. The nurse is preparing to take samples from clients for electrolyte profile. What
is the most appropriate sample for a laboratory analysis?
A. Blood
B. Plasma
C. Serum
D. Urine
2. Excessive citrate in transfused blood can cause which of the following
abnormalities?
a) Metabolic alkalosis
b) Metabolic acidosis
c) Respiratory alkalosis
d) Respiratory acidosis

3. A client has the following electrolyte results: Sodium-133meq/L, Potassium-

3.4mEq/L. which of the following treatment likely resulted in these results?
a. 3 taps water enemas
b. Normal saline 50cc per hour
c. D5W with 20K+ 80mls per hour
d. Administration of glucocorticoids

4. The intracellular fluids constitute what percentage of total body weight?

a. 20%
b. 40%
c. 60%
d. 80%

5. An adult male client was involved in a vehicle car crash. He is reporting chest
pains and difficulty in breathing. A chest x-ray reveals a pneumothorax. Blood
gas analysis is obtained. Which of the following results should the nurse expect?
A. pH-7.06, PaCO2-52mmHg, HCO3-24meq/L
B. pH-7.42, PaCO2-38mmHg, HCO3-23meq/L
C. pH-6.98, PaCO2-30mmHg, HCO3-18meq/L
D. pH-7.58, PaCO2-38mmHg, HCO3-29meq/L

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MEDICAL NURSING DATE
NAME: 30MINUTES
ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS
6. What is the normal value of blood pH?
a. 7.05-7.10
b. 7.25-7.35
c. 7.35-7.40
d. 7.35-7.45

7. Which of the following laboratory results below indicates compensated metabolic

alkalosis?
a) Low p CO2, normal bicarbonate and, high pH
b) Low p CO2, low bicarbonate, low pH
c) High p CO2, normal bicarbonate and, low pH
d) High pCO2, high bicarbonate and High pH

8. In a patient undergoing surgery, it was vital to aspirate the contents of the upper
gastrointestinal tract. After the operation, the following values were acquired
from an arterial blood sample: pH 7.55, pCO2 52mmHg, HCO3 40mmol/L. what
is the underlying disorder
a. Respiratory acidosis
b. Respiratory alkalosis
c. Metabolic acidosis
d. Metabolic alkalosis

9. A client has a nursing diagnosis: decreased cardiac output related to decreased

plasma volume. Which finding on assessment support this nursing diagnosis?
a. Flattened neck veins when client is in supine position
b. Full and bounding pedal and post tibial pulses
c. Pitting oedema located in feet, ankles and calf
d. Shallow respiration with crackles on auscultation.

10. A client’s nursing diagnosis is deficient fluid volume related to excessive fluid loss.
Which action related to the fluid management should be delegated to the nursing
assistant?
a. Administer IV fluid as prescribed by the physician

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MEDICAL NURSING DATE
NAME: 30MINUTES
ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS
b. Provide straws and offer fluid between meals
c. Develop plan for added fluid intake over 24 hours
d. Teach family members to assist client with fluid intake

11. What acid-base imbalance will develop in a client with respiratory distress
A. Metabolic acidosis
B. Metabolic alkalosis
C. Respiratory acidosis
D. Respiratory alkalosis

12. Which of the following is an example of active transport that require energy
(ATP) to move solutes from low concentration to high concentration?
A. Facilitated diffusion
B. Sodium-potassium pump
C. Osmosis
D. Diffusion

13. Which electrolyte is the most abundant in the human body?

a. Sodium
b. Potassium
c. Chloride
d. Calcium

14. When assessing the cardiovascular status of a client for fluid volume excess, the
nurse will anticipate the following findings except:
a. Elevated bounding pulse
b. Distended neck and hand veins
c. Ventricular gallop
d. Elevated haematocrit

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MEDICAL NURSING DATE
NAME: 30MINUTES
ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS

15. The nurse understands that the primary function of hypertonic solutions is to
correct
a. Cellular dehydration
b. Hypovolaemia
c. Low albumin
d. Fluid volume excess

16. What abnormal assessment might you find in a client with low serum albumin
levels
a. Oedema and hypotension
b. Oedema and hypertension
c. Oedema and lethargy
d. Oedema and hypoventilation

17. All the following are related to the fixed law of diffusion of solutes except
a. Concentration gradient
b. Permeability of surface area
c. Thickness of membranes
d. Mass of particles

18. Which of the following set of vital signs should be expected for a client with
dehydration and electrolyte imbalance?
a. Temperature (37.2), respiration (14cpm), pulse (86bpm), pulse oximetry (96% 0n
2L oxygen), Blood Pressure (138/92mmHg)
b. Temperature (38.2), respiration (24cpm), pulse (96bpm), pulse oximetry (92% 0n
room air), Blood Pressure (102/62mmHg)
c. Temperature (37.8), respiration (18cpm), pulse (88bpm), pulse oximetry (93% 0n
2L oxygen), Blood Pressure (115/92mmHg)
d. Temperature (37.2), respiration (16cpm), pulse (76bpm), pulse oximetry (95% 0n
room air), Blood Pressure (138/80mmHg)

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MEDICAL NURSING DATE
NAME: 30MINUTES
ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS

19. The nurse is performing assessment on a client with hyper-resonance sound.

Sound is indicative of
a. Normal lung sounds
b. Pleural effusion
c. Pulmonary emphysema
d. Heart sounds

20. During auscultation, the nurse will use the diaphragm part to listen to sounds
produced from all the following structures except
a. Blood vessels
b. Heart
c. Lungs
d. Abdomen

21. When performing data validation, the nurse will carry out all but one if the
following;
a. Clarify data with the client relative by performing additional exams
b. Verify the data with another health care professional
c. Compare your objective findings with your subjective findings to uncover
discrepancies
d. Recheck your own data through a repeated assessment

22. The total score of motor response per the glasgocoma scale
a. 4
b. 5
c. 6
d. 15

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MEDICAL NURSING DATE
NAME: 30MINUTES
ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS
23. The nurse is caring for a client with renal failure whose magnesium level is
3.6mg/dL. Which of the following signs will the nurse likely to note based on the
mg level
A. Twitching
B. Hyperactive reflexes
C. Irritability
D. Loss of deep tendon reflexes

24. The nurse is assessing the client for hypocalcaemia. Which of the following is a
confirmatory assessment findings of this condition?
a. Muscle weakness
b. Renal calculi
c. Chovstek sign
d. Altered L.O.C

25. When testing for Chovstek’s sign, the nurse should tap on the …… nerve just
below and anterior to the ear. A positive response is facial twitching of the mouth,
nose and cheek on the side being tested.
A. Facial
B. Olfactory
C. Optic
D. Trigeminal

26. Hyperkalaemia can be triggered by which of the following conditions?

a. Diabetes ketoacidosis
b. CHF
c. Diabetes Insipidus
d. Thyroidectomy

27. The nurse should closely monitor a client who has NG tube for suctioning for
which of the following electrolyte imbalances?
a. Hypokalaemia
b. Hyponatremia

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MEDICAL NURSING DATE
NAME: 30MINUTES
ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS
c. Hypokalaemia and Hyponatremia
d. Hypomagnesaemia

28. A potassium level of 5.4mEq/L should alert the nurse to assess the client for
a. ECG changes
b. Constipation
c. Polyuria
d. Hypertension

29. An aspirin overdose with result in

a. Metabolic acidosis
b. Metabolic alkalosis
c. Respiratory acidosis
d. Respiratory alkalosis

30. A female client is in a first trimester of pregnancy. She has been experiencing
approximately one week of severe nausea and frequent vomiting. Which of the
following conditions should the nurse expect to find if an arterial blood gas is
analysed?
a. Metabolic acidosis
b. Metabolic alkalosis
c. Respiratory acidosis
d. Respiratory alkalosis

31. Which out of the following conditions will not cause respiratory alkalosis?
a) Fever
b) Anxiety
c) Laryngeal obstruction
d) Salicylate toxicity

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