1

PATHOLOGY A LABORATORY

CELL AS A UNIT OF HEALTH AND DISEASE

Diagnosis: ACUTE FIBRINOUS PLEURITIS Diagnosis: HYPERTROPHIC SCAR

Organ: Lungs Organ: Thigh

Lung Parenchyma

(1) Epidermis
(2) Dermis
(3) Collagen Deposition
 Case:
o This is a case of 32-year old female who came
in for removal of a scar in her thigh due to fire
cracker injury she sustained two years ago.
Biopsy of the scar was done.
 Exercise:
o Examine the slide. Underneath the epidermis is
the dermis with excessive deposition of
collagen. Note for the pattern of collagen
deposition in relation to the epidermis.
 Notes:
o Morphology:
 Collagen deposits almost occupying
the layer of the dermis
 Excessive collagen deposition is
almost in parallel position
o Hypertrophic Scar
 hypertrophy: increase in cell size
 made up of thick pink fibrous
collagen deposited under the
 Case: epidermis
o The specimen was taken from an autopsy of a  collagen fibers are normally thin
28-year old female patient who died of  excessive collagen deposition in
pneumonia. Lung tissue samples were parallel position
examined.  true hypertrophic scars, sometimes
 Exercise: referred to as proud flesh scars,
o Examine the slide. Look for the alveoli which typically project upward above the
serves as the landmark. The area of the pleura skin surface
is the outermost layer. It is thickened due to  can result from injury, surgery or
accumulation of numerous neutrophils, red infection and represent an
cells and fibrin-rich edema fluid. The fibrin overabundance of abnormal thick
appears threadlike or hair-like material. bundles of scar collagen
 Notes:  confined within the boundaires of the
o Morphology: original wound
 Thickened pleura with fibrin deposits o Keloid
(threadlike or hairlike material), red  excessive collagen deposition in
blood cells with central pallor haphazard position
 Pinkish spaces without any cells are  kind of elevated scar that
indicative of fibrin-rich edema fluid characteristically grows outward to
o Acute Inflammation the sides as well as upward
 presence of neutrophils  extend beyond the boundaries of the
o _____________________________________________ original wound
 responsible for fibrin deposition in this  absence of spontaneous regression
lesion o _____________________________________________
 characterizes this lesion

MAGIC TMS 2016 - 2017

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PATHOLOGY A LABORATORY

Diagnosis: CHRONIC CHOLECYSTITIS WITH CHOLESTEROLOSIS propia of the gallbladder

Organ: Gallbladder known as foamy cells
 Tunica Muscularis
 filled with inflammatory
infiltrates
 Chronic Inflammation
 filled with
polymorphonuclear
infiltrates:
o Lymphocytes
(comprise majority
of the infiltrates)
o Monocytes
o Macrophages
 Eosinophils
 some are present
 Foam Cell
 macrophage that has
engulf cholesterol or lipid
particles
 rounded cell with nucleus
on the center
 clear because of lipid
 Rokitansky-Aschoff Sinus
 outpouching of mucosa
into the muscularis
 contains bile
 pushed through the
muscularis layer due to
obstruction (luminal
pressure)
o _____________________________________________
 responsible for cholesterol
accumulation in this lesion

(1) Columnar Lining Epithelium

(2) Rokitansky-Aschoff Sinus
(3) Muscularis
(4) Foam Cells
(5) Mononuclear Infiltrates
 Case:
o A 40-year old female was brought to the
emergency room due to right upper quadrant
pain. Abdominal ultrasonography was done
revealing an enlarged gallbladder showed
several black stones in the lumen with yellow
flecks in the wall. Representative sections are
taken for processing.
 Exercise:
o Examine the slide. Locate the columnar lining
epithelium and look for foamy cells in the
mucosal lining. Look for the outpouchings of
the mucosa into the muscularis layer as well as
inflammatory cell infiltration in the stroma.
 Notes:
o Morphology:
 Chronic Cholecystitis
 inflammation of the
gallbladder
 Cholesterolosis
 focal accumulations of
cholesterol-laden
macrophages in the lamina

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PATHOLOGY A LABORATORY

Diagnosis: LIVER CIRRHOSIS

Organ: Liver

(1) Pseudolobule
(2) Fibrous Tissue
(3) Fat Vacuoles containing Triglycerides
(4) –
(5) Mononuclear Infiltration
(6) Portal Triad
(7) Nodule
 Case:
o A 56-year old male chronic alcoholic came in
for consultation due to severe jaundice and
vomiting of fresh blood about 3-4
spoonfuls/bout. PE showed globular abdomen
with distended veins. Abdominal ultrasound
showed a contracted liver with multiple
nodules. Patient died after 3 days and an
autopsy was done centered on the liver.
 Exercise:
o Examine the slide. Locate the portal triad
(hepatic artery, portal vein and bile ducts). The
hepatocytes appear polygonal. Fibrous tissues
are seen creating pseudolobules which may
connect one portal area to another portal
area or to a central vein. Some areas may
show fat vacuoles within the cells. Identify the
inflammatory cells seen.
 Notes:
o Morphology:
 Pseudolobules or regenerative
nodules, with extent of fibrosis
 Repair process is both regeneration
and fibrosis
 End result is a nodular fibrotic liver
with impaired functions
o Portal Triad
 landmark
 composed of:
 Hepatic Artery
 Portal Vein
 Bile Duct (very prominent)
o Fat Vacuoles
 spaces containing triglycerides
 normal fat cells are clear
o Nodules
 normal liver is smooth
 characteristic of a cirrhotic liver
 enclosed by fibrous tissue forming
pseudolobules microscopically
o _____________________________________________
 can demonstrate the presence of
fibrosis in this lesion

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PATHOLOGY A LABORATORY

STAINING TECHNIQUES

References:
 Workbook for Laboratory Exercises in General Pathology, 2015
Edition
 MLPGerona
 @MissHalloween85
 http://www.ssjournals.com/index.php/ijbar/article/viewFile/366/
364
 http://www.slideshare.net/vmshashi/disorders-of-biliary-system
 https://www.realself.com/question/ways-deal-hypertrophic-
scars
 http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/cld.148/full
 http://www.slideshare.net/ihmei/urinary-tract-pathology-lab
 http://slideplayer.com/slide/6979080/

MAGIC TMS 2016 - 2017