Far

Eastern University – Nicanor Reyes Medical Foundation HOW?

CD LEC LAB DX: LIPID PROFILE - Fast 12 hours
Dra. Tamesis, MD - Tell doctor/lab about medications and supplements currently
taking
LIPID PROFILE
- The lipid profile is part of a cardiac risk assessment PRE-ANALYTIC FACTORS
- The results of the lipid profile are considered along with other - A change from an upright to a supine position can reduce the
known risk factors of heart disease to develop a plan of cholesterol levels by 10% and triglycerides by 12%
treatment and follow-up. - Prolonged tourniquet application (2–5 min) can increase
cholesterol from 5 to 15%
- Total cholesterol - Cholesterol is slightly higher in winter than in summer and the
- High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) opposite is true for triglycerides.
- Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)
o Calculated TRIGLYCERIDES
- Triglycerides - OPTIMAL Less than 100 mg/dL
- NORMAL 101-150 mg/dL
OTHER-Calculated - BORDERLINE 150-199 mg/dL
- Very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) - HIGH 200-499 mg/dL
- Non-HDL-C - VERY HIGH 500 mg/dL or higher
- Cholesterol/HDL ratio
- Low-density lipoprotein particle number/concentration (LDL- - Decreased
P) o malabsorption
o familial
WHY? hypobetalipoproteinemia
- To calculate risk for Coronary Heart Disease - Increased = hypertriglyceridemia
o insulin resistance
o CAD
o metabolic syndrome
o pancreatitis

CHOLESTEROL

WHEN?

- Every 5 years

o Stating at 20yo
HDL
- Yearly
- This is the "good cholesterol."
o Male > 35 yo
- It transports bad cholesterol from the blood to the liver,
o Female > 45 yo
where it is excreted by the body.
o if diagnosed with DM, CVD, or if you’re taking

medication to control your cholesterol levels
LDL

- This is the "bad cholesterol,"
WHO?
- the main cause of plaque build-up, which increases risk for
- have a family hx of high cholesterol or heart disease
heart disease.
- are overweight or obese

- drink alcohol
MEASURED BY ANALYZER
- frequently smoke cigarettes
✔ ✔
- lead an inactive lifestyle
- Total cholesterol = HDL, LDL, VLDL
- Have DM, kidney disease, PCOS, or hypothyroidism
- Therefore …….. NON HDL (LDL, VLDL) = TC - HDL

VISION: 20|20 1

 - HDL
- Blood Pressure
- DM
- Smoking












ADDITIONAL TESTS FOR CAD RISK

- Lipoprotein a = Lp(a)

- Apolipoprotein A1 and B = Apo A1, Apo B

- Fibrinogen

- N-terminal-pro-B-type Natriuretic Pep. (NTproBNP)

- LDL-associated PLA2 (PLAC)

- Urine Albumin/Creatinine Ratio (Ualb/Cr)

- Global Risk Score (GRS)



LP(a)

- Increased risk of CAD If > 30 mg/dL

- It is related to development of fatty matter in vein grafts after

bypass surgery, coronary artery narrowing after angioplasty

and increased risk for the development of blood clots.

- Lp(a) is higher in African Americans, kidney disease and

genetic lipid disorders.



APO A1

- Apo A1 - Major protein of HDL.

o Low levels - increased risk of early CAD cardiovascular

disease

o may be seen more often in patients with a high-fat diet,

inactivity and central obesity.



INCREASED RISK FOR CAD

- High level of

o Lp(a)

o Apo B

o Fibrinogen

o NTproBNP

o PLAC

o Ualb/Cr

- Low Levels of

o Apo A1



GLOBAL RISK SCORE

- The risk estimate is based on major risk factors and is

calculated using an empiric equation

- Age
Notes from Lecture PPT only
- LDL

VISION: 20|20 2