CJC MATHEMATICS DEPARTMENT 0 1 30

2012 JC1 H2 MATHEMATICS   =

74
| 2 – 12 + 40| =
74
TOPIC: VECTORS (BASIC) (iii) If p = −1, OC =  − 1 D C
 4 ^|
(b) Length of projection of a on b = |a • b
Unit Vectors, Parallel Vectors, Collinear Points,  
Properties of a Parallelogram  − 2
  A B  3   5 
1  3  0 BA =  − 6    1  
       4  = − 7 ⋅  2 
1. OA =  − 1, OB =  5 , OC =  p     2  52 + 2 2 + 4 2  − 4
2  − 2 4    
      For ABCD to be a parallelogram,
 1   3   − 2 BA = CD
      1 7
(i) BA =  − 1 −  5  =  − 6   − 2 0 = |15 – 14 – 8| =
    45 45
 2   − 2  4 
       − 6  = OD −  − 1
 4   4 Q
Unit vector in the direction of BA     R B
3
 − 2  − 1  − 2
1   14    
=  − 6 =  − 3 OD =  − 7 
56   14  
 4   2   8  C P
  O A
 −1   − 2  2 2
 − 2   Given OP =  8 , OQ =  5 , OR =  1 
  (iv) Suppose | AC |= 3 ⇒ 1 + p  = 3
(ii) BA =  − 6   2   6  7 11
     
 4   
  By Ratio Theorem,
 1  0  1  1 + (1 + p ) 2 + 2 2 = 3  − 1
       
CA = OA − OC =  − 1 −  p  =  − 1 − p  5 +1+ 2p + p2 = 9 OA =  4 
 2   4  − 2  3
      p2 + 2 p − 3 = 0  
For A, B, C to be collinear, BA = k CA ( p + 3)( p − 1) = 0  2  2 
   
 − 2  1  p = −3 or p = 1 3 5  +  1 
     7  11  2 
 − 6 = k − 1 − p  =     =  4
3OQ + OR
 4   −2  OB =
Scalar Product (Dot Product) 4 4
    8
^|  
By observation, k = −2 2(a) Length of projection of a on b = |a • b
(i) Shortest distance from B to line OP
− 6 = −2(−1 − p )  2  1
  1    2  − 2
p = −4 =  − 4 ⋅  3 OP   1  
= OB × =  4 ×  8 
 5  12 + 3 2 + 8 2  8 
    | OP | 8 104  
   6 
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  − 40  5. a×b=a×c
1   2960 370 ⇒ (a × b) – (a × c) = 0 (iii)
=  − 28  = = (shown)
104   104 13 ⇒ a × (b – c) = 0 a × b represents the
 24  ⇒ a is parallel to (b – c) area of rhombus OADB or OBDA
Hence b – c = ka, where k is a scalar (shown) OR
(ii) magnitude of a vector which is perpendicular to
 − 1  2   − 3  6. [10/NJC/I/3] a and b
      uuuv uuuv
BA =  4  −  4  =  0  (i) AB ⋅ OP = ( b − a ) • p
 3   8   − 5 =b•p–a•p
     
= a • p – a • p (since b • p = a • p)
 2   2  0 
      =0
BR =  1  −  4  =  − 3  Hence, AB is perpendicular to OP.
11  8   3 
     
OR
 0   − 3
   
 − 3 •  0  b•p=a•p
 3   − 5 b•p–a•p=0
cos θ =
BR • BA
=    
| BR || BA | 9 + 9 9 + 25 (b − a) • p = 0
uuuv uuuv
0
θ = 127.3 AB ⋅ OP = 0
Hence, AB is perpendicular to OP.
Vector Product (Cross Product)
(ii) Since a = b , then P must be the midpoint of AB.
4.
O
→ → → 3 0  3 
AB = OB – OA = 2 – 1 =  1  P
1 2 –1 A B
→ → →  1  0  1 
AC = OC – OA = –1 – 1 = –2 D
 0  2 –2 1 uuur
    –4
3 1 Using ratio theorem, OP = (a + b )
2
n =  1  × –2 =  5  uuuv uuuv
–1 –2 –7 1 
Thus, OD = 2OP = 2  ( a + b )  = a + b
1 –4 1  
–4 2 
Unit vector = 2 2 2   = 5 5
4 +5 +7 –7 90 –7

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