NAME : AUFA SAQILA (0304183211)

CLASS : PBI-4 (FOURTH SEMESTER)

SUBJECT : ENGLISH SYNTAX

CHAPTER II

Excercise

1. The following sentence exemplify the criteria of transposition

,substutition,coordination and ellipsis applied to one type of phrase. What type of
phrase it and which criteria apply to which examples?

1. I put the letter into the top drawer of the bureau.

2. I put the letter there
3. Where I put the letter was into the top drawer of the bureau
4. Into the top drawer of the bureau I put the letter.
5. It was into the top drawer of the bureau that I put the letter.
6. I put into the letter either there or into the top drawer of the bureau
7. I put into the top drawer of the bureau the letter, my wallet and an old watch.

2. Analyse the following examples into phrases. Label each phrase, for example as noun
phrase,adverbial phrase and so on, as appropriate, if in doubt about wheter words that
are next to each other in an example constitute a phrase, apply the test as
demonstrated in exercise I above.

1. The pedestrians offended by the dangerously selfish action of the driver

threadtened to throw him into the harbout.
2. To throw him into the harbaour was illegal but an understandable reaction by the
visitors on the quayside.
3. Brazils tripocal forest are amazingly rich in fauna and flora.
4. The person sitting at the window is my wife
5. Sitting at th window my wife noticed that our neighbor’s dog was outside
6. Susan always drinks black coffe.
7. Susan always drinks her coffe black
8. In his usual carefree fashion john ran up an enormous bill.
9. In his exuberance john ran up an enormous hill
ANSWER

1. 1. There is substituted for in the drawer

2.into the top drawer of the burea is transposed,occurring in a different slot in a
different construction in(3)
3. into the top drawer of the burea is transposed into a different slot in the same
construction as in(1)
4. into the top drawer of the burea is transposed into a different slot in a different
construction from the one in
5. into the top drawer of the burea is coordinated with the single word there
6. into the top drawer of the burea is transposed into a different slot in the same
construction(1)

2. 1. The pedestrians offended by the dangerously selfish action of the driver: Noun
phrase

Offended by dangerously selfish action of the driver : participle phrase( offended is

participle)

By the dangerously selfish action of the driver: propositional phrase

the dangerously selfish action of the driver: Noun phrase

dangerously selfish: adjective phrase

of the driver: Propositonal phrase

the diriver : Noun phrase

threatened to throw him in to the harbour: Verb phrase

to throw him in to the harbor : infinitive phrase

him: Noun phrase

into the hourbour: proposiomal phrase

the harbor :Noun phrase

2. To throw him into the harbor : infinitive phrase

Him : Noun phrase
Into the harbor: Noun phrase
Was illegal but an understandable reaction by the visitors on the quayside: Verb
phrase
Illegal: adjective phrase
understandable reaction by the visitors on the quayside: Noun phrase
undernstandable: adjective phrase
by the visitors on the quayside: Noun phrase
on the quayside: prepositional phrase
 the quayside : Noun phrase
3. Brazils tropical forest: Noun phrase
Tropical : adjective phrase
Brazils : Noun phrase
Are amazingly rich in fauna and flora : verb phrase
Amazingly rich in fauna and flora: adjective phrase
In fauna and flora : propositional phrase
Fauna and flora: Noun phrase Noun phrase
4. The person sitting at the window: Noun phrase
Sitting at the window: participle phrase
At the window: prepositional phrase
The window: Noun Phrase
Is my wife : verb phrase
My wife: Noun phrase
5. Sitting at the window: free participle phrase
At the window: prepositional phrase
The window: noun phrase
My wife : Noun phrase
Noticed our neighbour’s dog: verb phrase
Our neighbour’s dog: noun phrase
6. susan: Noun phrase
always drink black coffe: verbs phrase
black coffe : Noun phrase
black: adjective phrase
7. susan: Noun phrase
always drinks black coffe : verb phrase
her coffe: noun phrase
black: adjective phrase
8. in his usual carefree fashion: prepositional phrase
his usual carefree fashion: Noun phrase
usual: adjective phrase
carefree: adjective phrase
john : noun phrase
ran up an enormous bill: verb phrase
an enormous bill: noun phrase
enormous: adhective phrase
9. in his exuberance:prepepositional phrase
his exuberance : Noun phrase
john : Noun phrase
ran up an enormous bill: verb phrase
up an enormous bill: prepositional phrase
an enormous bill: Noun phrase
enormous: Adjective phrase