52 pages including cover

Knowledge Digest for IT Community

Volume No. 41 | Issue No. 6 | September 2017 100/-
ISSN 0970-647X

ICT in
AGRICULTURE
www.csi-india.org

Cover Story RESEARCH FRONT

ICT as a Service (IaaS) for Climate From Remote Sensing to Remote Cognition:
Change Adaptation 6 Paving the way for the future of Agriculture 21

TECHNICAL TRENDS Article

A-VIEW: Online Training Tool Cloud Based Implementation of Mashup of
from India 16 Web Based Agriculture and Irrigation Services 29
 CSI  Communications Volume No. 41 • Issue No. 6 • SEPTEMBER 2017

Contents
Chief Editor
S S Agrawal
KIIT Group, Gurgaon

Editor Cover Story

Prashant R. Nair 6
ICT as a Service (IaaS) for Climate Change Adaptation
Amrita University, Coimbatore
Dinesh Kumar Singh
Published by
Technological Innovations for Agricultural Developments through Information 10
A. K. NAYAK
Communications Technology (ICT)
Hony. Secretary
S. Balakrishnan, J. Janet, R. Sachinkanithkar and D. Reshma
For Computer Society of India
Technical Trends
Editorial Board: Real-time Availability of Information for Apt Decisions  S-Mash IT Up ! 14
Arun B Samaddar, NIT, Sikkim Vipul Kamat
Bhabani Shankar Prasad Mishra, A-VIEW: Online Training Tool from India 16
KIIT University, Bhubanewar
Kamal Bijlani
Debajyoti Mukhopadhyay, MIT, Pune
J. Yogapriya, Kongunadu Engg. College, Trichy Research Front
From Remote Sensing to Remote Cognition: Paving the way for the future of Agriculture 21
M Sasikumar, CDAC, Mumbai,
Navin Kumar C. Twarakavi, Richa Hukumchand, Jayantrao Mohite & Srinivasu Pappula
R Subburaj, SRM University, Chennai
Diagnosis of Nutrient Deficiency in Maize through Image Analysis 25
R K Samanta, Siliguri Inst. of Tech., West Bengal S. Sridevy & Anna Saro Vijendren
R N Behera, NIC, Bhubaneswar
Sudhakar A M, University of Mysore
Articles
Cloud Based Implementation of Mashup of Web Based Agriculture and Irrigation Services 29
Sunil Pandey, ITS, Ghaziabad R. Madana Mohana, L. V. Narasimha Prasad & A. Rama Mohan Reddy
Shailesh K Srivastava, NIC, Patna An Insight into ICT in Indian Agriculture through Mobile Applications 34
Vishal Mehrotra, TCS B Gayathri Kamath
Recommender System in Agriculture 36
Santosh Kumar & Kannan Balakrishnan
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 A R T I C L E

Cloud Based Implementation of Mashup

of Web Based Agriculture and Irrigation
Services
R. Madana Mohana L. V. Narasimha Prasad
Asso. Prof., Dept. of CS & Engg., Bharat Inst. of Engg. and Tech. Professor, Dept. of CS & Engg., Institute of Aeronautical Engg.
Ibrahimpatnam - 501 510, Hyderabad, Telangana, India. Dundigal - 500043, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
Email: rmmnaidu@gmail.com lvnprasad@yahoo.com

A. Rama Mohan Reddy

Professor, Dept. of CS & Engg., Sri Venkateswara University College of Engg.,
Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati -517502, Andhra Pradesh, India. ramamohansvu@yahoo.com

India is a land of villages and agriculture still remains the main source of livelihood for the majority
of the population. With an average annual growth rate of 3.3%, a major challenge this sector is facing
is the lack of timely information about crop varieties, production techniques, production and yield
strategies. Farmers need to make efficient use of modern technology to achieve maximum yield from
available land. Therefore this paper mainly aims at providing a mashup of web based services (namely
agriculture service and irrigation service) hosted on cloud platform to help the farmers gain beneficial
information regarding farming in India. The web services provide information regarding the current
agricultural and irrigational practices in India. It provides detailed information to the end user about
various crops and the irrigation techniques that include weather conditions, type of soil, fertilizers,
potential diseases and the best places in India to grow a particular crop and also the type of irrigation
techniques to be used for particular regions on a single cloud platform.

Key Words: Cloud computing, mashup service, Agriculture and Irrigation.

1. Introduction
Cloud computing has emerged
as an essential model for managing
and delivering the new promising
applications in the field of agriculture ,
education, finance and healthcare etc.
efficiently over the internet. However,
providing dedicated cloud services that
ensure application’s dynamic Quality of
Service (QoS) requirements and user
satisfaction is a big research challenge
in cloud computing. As dynamism,
complexity and heterogeneity of
applications is increasing rapidly, this
makes cloud systems unmanageable
in service delivery. To overcome these
problems, cloud systems require self-
management of services. Autonomic
cloud computing systems provide the
environment in which applications can
be managed efficiently by fulfilling QoS
requirements of applications without
human involvement [11].
India is a land of villages and
agriculture still remains the main
source of livelihood for the majority of
the population. With an average annual
growth rate of 3.3%, a major challenge
this sector is facing is the lack of
timely information about crop varieties,
production techniques, production and
yield strategies. Farmers need to make
efficient use of modern technology to
achieve maximum yield from available
land.
Emergence of ICT (Information
and Communication Technologies)
plays an important role in agriculture
sector by providing services through
computer based agriculture systems
[12]. But these agriculture systems are
not able to fulfill the needs of today’s
generation due to lack of important
requirements like processing speed,
lesser data storage space, reliability,
availability, scalability etc. and even
the resources used in computer based
agriculture systems are not utilized
efficiently [13]. To solve the problem of
existing agriculture systems, there is a
need to develop a cloud based service
that can easily manage different types
of agriculture related data based on
different domains (crop, weather, soil,
pest, fertilizer, productivity, irrigation,
cattle and equipment) through these
steps: i) gather data from various
users through preconfigured devices,
ii) classify the gathered data into
various classes through analysis, iii)
store the classified information in
cloud repository for future use, and iv)
automatic diagnose of the agriculture
status. In addition, cloud based
autonomic information system is also
able to identify the QoS requirements
of user request and resources are

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C S I C o m m u n ic a t i o n s | S E P T E M B E R 2 0 1 7
 A R T I C L E
allocated efficiently to execute the user
request based on these requirements.
Cloud based services can significantly
improve reliability, availability and
customer satisfaction.
Therefore this paper mainly aims
at providing a mashup of web based
services (namely agriculture service
and irrigation service) hosted on
cloud platform to help the farmers
gain beneficial information regarding
farming in India. The web services
provide information regarding the
current agricultural and irrigational
practices in India. It provides detailed
information to the end user about
various crops and the irrigation
techniques that include weather
conditions, type of soil, fertilizers,
potential diseases and the best places
in India to grow a particular crop and
also the type of irrigation techniques
to be used for particular regions on a
single cloud platform. This paper is
organized into the following sections:
Section 2 describes the features of
mashup service and cloud platform.
Section 3 shows the implementation
of mashup service on cloud platform.
Section 4 contains the applications of
mashup service and section 5 contains
conclusion and future work.
2. Features of Mashup Service and
Cloud Platform
The main features of this system
are:
Agriculture service - Region in
India is taken as input and the best
crop that can be grown in that region
is determined. The service also takes
the crop as input and provides detailed
information required to grow that crop.
Irrigation service- Takes region
and crop as input and determines the
best-suited irrigation facility for it.
Crop Analysis Graphs - These
graphs help the farmer gain an insight
to the production rates of the major
crops of India in different states over
the past years. This will help the farmer
make efficient decisions regarding the
crop to be grown in his region. The
graphs are created using SAP Lumira.
Cloud Platform - These features
are put on a cloud platform. In
networking, cloud computing is
computing that involves a large number
C S I C o m m u n ic a t i o n s | S E P T E M B E R 2 0 1 7
of computers connected through a
communication network such as the
Internet. In science, cloud computing is
means a distributed computing system
over a network. It means the ability to
run a program or application on many
connected computers at the same time.
Cloud computing provides features
such as agility, device independence,
location independence, scalability,
reliability, virtualization, elasticity and
performance. This paper is hosted on
Amazon EC2 Cloud that provides the
aforementioned features.
3. Implementation of Mashup
Service
The implementation of mashup
service can be done as follows:
3.1 Mashup Architecture
The Fig. 1 shows the mashup
architecture.
Web Platform
Services (Amazon EC2)
Mashup
Application
Database
Client
Fig. 1 : Mashup Architecture
The mashup application combines
the following to provide the web service
that can be accessed by various types
of devices with a connection to the
internet.
Web Service - The web services
include Agriculture service, Irrigation
service and Crop Analysis Graphs.
Clients
Amazon EC Cluster
Internet
Fig. 2 : Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud Architecture
30
Database - various datasets of
agriculture and irrigation in India are
combined to form the database tables.
Platform - cloud platform used is
Amazon EC2.
Client Application - Web service
displayed on varied types of browsers.
3.2 Amazon EC2 Cloud Architecture
The Fig. 2 shows the Amazon
Elastic Compute Cloud Architecture.
Amazon EC2 Platform - An
Amazon Machine Image is booted and
a virtual image is got. This is known
as an ‘instance’. Once the instance
is launched, access to remote cloud
server is got. The website can then
be launched in cloud server by using
WAMPP server. Hence access to
Amazon S3 Cloud Storage is achieved,
on which our databases can be put.
Amazon EC2 provides elastic and
computing services.
Elasticity - the instances can be
created, launched and terminated as
and when required and charges are paid
based on active hourly usage.
Optimizes computing and access
latency - Amazon allows us to choose
the geographical location of the
instance.
3.3 Data Analysis using SAP Lumira
The Fig. 3 shows the Data Analysis
using SAP Lumira visualization tool
SAP Lumira is a visualization tool
that helps us to analyze our datasets
(datasets can be in varied formats such
as Excel, CSV or SQL databases) and
build graphs to illustrate the analysis.
The graph types include pie chart,
Cloud AMI Server 1
Cloud AMI Server 2 Amazon S3
Cloud Starage
Cloud AMI Server N
www.csi-india.org
 A R T I C L E

Data and semantics

Validate
Sharing and storyboarding
Fig. 3 : Data Analysis using SAP Lumira visualization tool
bar graph, line graphs, radar chart,
heatmaps. These graphs help us to
pick up minute analysis details of the
datasets that we may have missed.
To create graphs in SAP Lumira:
Extract- the dataset you are going
to use in the form of a new document
and save it.
Prepare- the dataset to include
only the columns or attributes that you
require in your analysis and exclude the
languages. Backend databases are
implemented using Mysql.
SAP Lumira - Data analysis is done
on crop datasets to analyze the best
Enrich Build context crop depending on the production rate
in the different states of India. This is
done using an analysis and visualization
tool known as SAP Lumira.
Amazon EC2 Platform - Amazon
EC2 provides elastic and computing
services. The entire web service is
launched on this platform.
3. Output:
Crop Analysis Graphs - Crop
analysis for production rate of crops in
India across the states over the years
namely- agriculture, irrigation service is displayed. Farmers can make the
and crop analysis graphs. Agricultural decision of growing the suitable crop
and irrigational datasets are used to based on the production rate in their
provide crop information and irrigation region.
facilities as output. Agricultural Service Output - The
Web service is implemented detailed information about any given
using php, javascript, html and python crop is given or the farmer can view
Production (in tonnes) by crop and state
1M Crop
Bajra
800k Jowar
Production (in tonnes)

Maize
rest. 600k
Rice
Wheat
Visualize- choose the measures
and parameters of the co-ordinate 400k
(x and y axis). Visualize the prepared
dataset in the form of a graph - choosing 200k

the type of graph required.

0
Story boarding and sharing of these
A & N Islands
Andhrapra...
Arunachal P...
Assam
Bihar
Chandigarh
Chattisgarh
Delhi
Goa
Gujarat
Haryana
Himachal Pra...
Jharkhand
Karnataka
Kerala
Madhya Prad...
Maharashtra
Manipur
Meghalaya
Mizoram
Nagaland
Orissa
Punjab
Rajasthan
Sikkim
Tamil Nadu
Tripura
Uttar Prade...
Uttarakhand
West Bengal
graphs can also be done.
Requirement and Implementation of the
web service:
1. Inputs: Fig. 4 : Line Chart showing crop production vs states of India (using SAP Lumira)
Agriculture and irrigation datasets,
Production (in tonnes) by state and crop
back end databases.
Agriculture service - Region in State / Crop
A & N Islands / Bajra
India is taken as input and the best A & N Islands / Jowar
crop that can be grown in that region A & N Islands / Maize
is determined. The service also takes A & N Islands / Rice
A & N Islands / Wheat
the crop as input and provides detailed Andhra Pradesh / Bajra
information required to grow that crop. Andhra Pradesh / Jowar
Irrigation service- Takes region and Andhra Pradesh / Maize
Andhra Pradesh / Rice
crop as input and determines the best- Andhra Pradesh / Wheat
suited irrigation facility for it. Arunachal Pradesh / Bajra
Crop Analysis Graphs - These Arunachal Pradesh / Jowar
Arunachal Pradesh / Maize
graphs are created using SAP Lumira, Arunachal Pradesh / Rice
an analysis and visualization tool. The Arunachal Pradesh / Wheat
inputs taken are the datasets of different Assam / Bajra
Assam / Jowar
agricultural practices in Indian states (133)
including the crop production rates.
2. Implementation: Fig. 5 : Pie Chart showing the maximum and minimum crop productions in different states
It provides mashup of web services of India (using SAP Lumira)

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C S I C o m m u n ic a t i o n s | S E P T E M B E R 2 0 1 7
 A R T I C L E

methods and practices.

Production (in tonnes) by state and crop
Since the paper is web-service
Crop
1M Bajra
based it can be utilized by a large
Production (in ton...

Jowar number of people for any information

Maize regarding the crop and its production.
Rice
500K Wheat And since this paper provides
information in a detailed manner any
person mainly a prospective farmer will
0
benefit largely from it.
5 Conclusion
This paper will mainly help farmers
by providing them detailed information
about crops and will enable the farmers
to maximize the yield by adopting the
best methods and practices. The crop
analysis graphs show the production of
major crops of India in various states of
Fig. 6: RadarChart showing production of crops vs states of India (using SAP Lumira) India over the years. This will help the
farmer to decide the crop that will give
Production (in tonnes) by crop and state
the best yield depending on his region.
There is path for further improvement
Production (in ton nes)
Wheat by extending it to regional languages.
900,000
Rice
References:
720,000 [1] www.data.gov.in - the agricultural,
540,000 irrigation, yield, climate, soil datasets
Crop

Maize
are taken from the site.
260,000
Jowar
[2] www.amazon.com - the access to
180,000 Amazon EC2, guide, tutorials, details.
Bajra 0 [3] www.saplumira.com - the SAP Lumira
software download, tutorials.
[4] Huijie Su, Bo Cheng ; Tong Wu ; Xiaofeng
A & N Islands
Andhra Prad...
Arunachal P...
Assam
Bihar
Chandigarh
Chattisgarh
Delhi
Goa
Gujarat
Haryana
Himachal Pra...
Jharkhand
Karnataka
Kerala
Madhya Prad...
Maharashtra
Manipur
Meghalaya
Mizoram
Nagaland
Orissa
Punjab
Rajasthan
Sikkim
Tamil Nadu
Tripura
Uttar Prade...
Uttarakhand
West Bengal

Li, “Mashup service release based on

SOAP and REST”, IEEE International
Conference on Computer Science
and Network Technology (ICCSNT),
Volume:2, 24-26 Dec. 2011, Harbin,
China.
Fig. 7 : Heat Map showing the density of production rates across Indian states for the [5] Jian Meng, Neng Xu, “A mobile
various crops (Using SAP Lumira) tourist guide system based on mashup
technology” , The IEEE 2nd International
the entire information table containing method that complies with both crop Conference on Information Science and
all the crops grown in India along with and state in India. Engineering, 4-6 Dec. 2010, Hangzhou,
China.
the climatic conditions suitable for
[6] Yunhee Kang, “Data Aggregation
them, rainfall required, season, major Scheme for a Mashup Based Internet
producer states, diseases the crops Irrigation Details Application”, IEEE Eighth International
may be prone to and the fertilizers to Crops Place Irrigation_method
Conference on Information Technology:
avoid them are displayed. Coffee Karnataka Drip Irrigation
New Generations (ITNG), , 11-13 April
2011, Las Vegas, NV.
[7] Shah J Miah, John Gammack, “A
Figure 9: Irrigation Service Output Mashup architecture for web end-
Crop Details user application designs”, 2nd IEEE
Crops Season Climate Rainfall Soil Diseases Fertilizer Producers
International Conference on Digital
Almond
Mild
Winter
and Dry
Dry
and
Warm
500
All
types
Bacterial
Spot
Composted
Manure
Himachal
Pradesh,
UP, JK
4 Applications of Mashup Service Ecosystems and Technologies, 26-29
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Summer

by providing them detailed information
Figure 8: Agriculture service output about crops that includes the best
producer states for the crop in India, the
Irrigation Service Output - The amount of rainfall required.
irrigation service compares the region It will enable the farmers to
and the crop and displays the irrigation maximize the yield by adopting the best
[8] Ling Jin, Meina Song; Junde Song,
“Mobile Mashup architecture solution,
direction and proposal” IEEE 2nd
Symposium on Web Society, 16-17 Aug.
2010, Beijing.
[9] Qi Zhao , Gang Huang ; Jiyu Huang ;
Xuanzhe Liu ; Hong Mei , “A Web-Based

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 A R T I C L E

Mashup Environment for On-the-Fly
Service Composition”, IEEE International
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System Engineering (SOSE ‘08), 18-19
Dec. 2008, Jhongli.
[10] Masahiro Tanaka, Terunobu Kume;
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Enterprise Mashup”, 2011 IEEE World
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[11] Sukhpal Singh, Inderveer Chana,
Rajkumar Buyya, “Agri-Info: Cloud
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Report CLOUDS-TR-2015-2, Cloud
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[12] Rajkumar Buyya, Rodrigo N. Calheiros,
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[13] Kaloxylos, Alexandros, Robert
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n

About the Authors

Dr. R. Madana Mohana is working as Associate Professor in Computer Science and Engineering Division at
Bharat Institute of Engineering and Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana. His research interests include Machine
Learning, Information Retrieval, Data Mining, Computational Intelligence and optimising compilers. He received
his Ph.D in Computer Science and Engineering in 2017 from Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupathi, Andhra
Pradesh, India, and M.E in Computer Science and Engineering in 2006 from Satyabama University, Chennai
and B.Tech in Computer Science and Information Technology in 2003 from Jawaharlal Nehru Technological
University, Hyderabad. He is life member of ISTE.
Dr. L. V. Narasimha Prasad working as Principal & Professor in Computer Science and Engineering at Institute
of Aeronautical Engineering (IARE), Hyderabad. Dr. Prasad received his B.Tech degree in Electronics and
Communication Engineering from Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management (GITAM University), Vizag;
M.Tech degree in Systems Engineering from Dayalbagh Educational Institute (Deemed University), Agra and
Ph.D from Sri Venkateswara University College of Engineering, Tirupati.

Dr. A. Rama Mohan Reddy is a Professor in the Computer Science and Engineering division at Sri Venkateswara
University College of Engineering. His research interests include Software Architecture, Software Engineering,
Data Mining and optimising compilers. He received his B.Tech. from JNT University, Hyderabad in 1986, M. Tech
degree in Computer Science from National Institute of Technology in 2000 Warangal and Ph. D in Computer
Science and Engineering in 2007 from Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupathi, Andhra Pradesh, India.

August 4th 2017, “Security Concerns in a Networked World”

Speaker : Sri. Jayakrishnan K, Director of Xtend Technologies (P)
Ltd, Kochi.
Topic and Gist : Department of Computer Science & IT, Amrita
School of Arts & Sciences, Kochi campus, in association with
Computer Society of India (CSI) organized a technical talk on
“Security Concerns in a Networked World” on 4th August, 2017 in the
College CIR Seminar Hall. Dr. U Krishnakumar, Director, welcomed
the gathering. The session was handled by Sri. Jayakrishnan K,
Director of Xtend Technologies (P) Ltd. He talked on various areas
like buffer overflow, ransomware, phishing, issues related to
data breach, two factor authentications etc. The session was very
informative and students from MCA Third semester attended the
session.

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C S I C o m m u n ic a t i o n s | S E P T E M B E R 2 0 1 7
F rom chapters  &  d i v i s i ons

Prof Babu K, immediate past chairman, inaugurated and extended his support to CSI student branches for free
the workshop. Mr. Sreekant P Krishnan, past chairman seminar and to conduct workshops. Around 50 members
also spoke on the occasion. Dr. Brijesh Madhavan, CEO, participated. The event was organized by Prof K Govinda,
Curvelogics Pvt. Ltd was the lead faculty of the workshop. Prof K S Sendhil Kumar.
The content of the workshop were Introduction to Analytics,
Predictive Analytics, Machine Learning with R and Python,
Cognitive Computing using Cloud Platforms and Use Cases.
The workshop was attended by 30 delegates from industries,
academics and research organizations.

VELLORE CHAPTER
The Chapter organized one day seminar on Virtual Reality
and Game Development on 11th August 2017. Mr Pronay
Peddiraju, Game Developer, Metarverse, Chennai explained
the basics of animation, creating virtual objects creation,
manipulation of objects with animation tool called “Vcasmo”

from student branches

Region-V
Lendi Institute of Engineering & Technology, Vizianagaram

22-7-2017 - Prof Pallam Shetty delivering Guest Lecture on 29-7-2017 - Workshop on Android Application Development
IoT & WoT
RajaRajeswari College of Engineering, Bangalore Bharat Institute of Engg. and Tech., Hyderabad

1-8-2017 to 3-8-2017 - FDP on Network Engineering 29-7-2017 - One Day Workshop on Tableau Software : A Real
Time Data Warehousing Tool Implementation

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C S I C o m m u n ic a t i o n s | S E P T E M B E R 2 0 1 7