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ICFAI LAW SCHOOL

ICFAI UNIVERSITY, DEHRAUN
2019-2020

TOPIC:- CLASSIFICATION OF POISION

SUBJECT:- FORENSIC SCIENCE

SUBMITED TO :- SUBMITTES BY :-
MS. SNIGDHA KURIYAL SOURABH KUMAR
FACULTY OF LAW 16FLICDDN02061
BA.LL.B 4TH YEAR
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CLASSIFICATION OF POISION
1. Corrosive poisons
Contaminants that cause inflammation in the contract area are corrosive toxins, which include
strong acids (concentrated sulfuric acid, nitric acid and hydrochloric acid) and alkalis. Strong
bases: This includes both hydroxide and carbonate, ie sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide
and ammonium hydroxide, carbonate: sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, etc.
2. Irritating poisons
Irritant poisons are known to cause irritation, pain, and excessive vomiting, further divided into:
Inorganic poisons: - These toxins include metal (lead, arsenic, mercury, antimony, bismuth,
silver, copper, zinc, etc.) and non-metallic (zinc chloride, ferrous chloride, phosphate, sulfate,
nitrate, nitrate, etc.). Compounds.
Organic poisons: - It contains toxins of vegetable and animal origin. Animal poisons include
snake venom, scorpion poisoning, kantharides. Vegetable poisons are a large class of poisons
(Croton, Castor, Colotropis, nuxvomica, abrus, precatoreous, kaner etc.) that contain various
plants that are toxic in nature.
Mechanical poisons: - Irritation, perforation, obstructive toxins in the gastrointestinal tract,
powder glass, diamond dust, chopped hair, etc.
3. Neurotic Poisons:- 3. These poisons affect the different parts of central nervous system such
as Cerebral Poisons (alcohol, opium, barbiturates, and benzodiazepines) are the examples of
Ceberal poisons and are the Central Nervous System depressing agents, Spinal Poison, the most
common example and important example of spinal poison in Strychnine, which is the active
constituent that is derived from the seed of strychnux nuxvomica, Peripheral Poisons, these are
the poisons which affects the peripheral nerves of the brain such as Curare.
4. Cardiac Poisons
The poisons which affects the cardiac system, for example Digitalis, tobacco etc.
5. Asphyxiate Poisons
This category of poison which cause asphyxia to the cells or tissues.Asphyxia is a condition of
two sufficient supply of oxygen which results into shelter. The best and common example of
Asphyxiate is Carbon dioxide, Carbon Monoxide.
From a medico-legal perspective, poisons are also classified according to their case
involvement. These can be of the following types: -
1. Suicidal:- Any poison that is easily available to suicide can be used to commit suicide.For
example:
• Copper sulfate
• Arsenic salts
• Mercury salts
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• Aluminum Phosphide (CellPhos)

• Zine phosphide (rat poison)
• Pesticides and Pesticides
2. Homicide: Toxic odors, color and tasteless toxins are commonly used for homicidal acts. Like
• Arsenic salts
• Aconite
• Potassium cyanide
• Strychnine, etc.
3. Accidental: Poisons that are mistakenly or carelessly handled as food or medicine. For
example:
• Alcohol
• Morphine
• Snake venom
• Pesticides
• Barbiturates
• Strong drugs etc.
Both homicide and suicide poisoning are more common in India than in Western countries. This
is because of the easy availability of different kinds of toxins in our country. The development of
the chemical industry has led to an accidental rise in poisoning. Widespread use of pesticides in
agriculture has become the most common and deadly poison in India, with the majority of cases
of alcohol poisoning, barbiturates and opium poisoning. Datura is often used as a stooping agent
to facilitate the purpose of theft and extortion.