Sources :

https://www.health24.com/Mental-Health/Brain/Anatomy-of-the-brain/Brain-areas-and-their-functions-20120721
https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/forebrain

AREAS AND FUNCTIONS OF THE BRAIN

The brain is divided in several areas with each have a specific function. First, there are three
primary divisions like the forebrain, the midbrain and the hindbrain.

Forebrain: “is the anterior of the three primary divisions of the developing vertebrate brain or the
corresponding part of the adult brain that includes especially the cerebral hemispheres, the
thalamus, and the hypothalamus and that especially in higher vertebrates is the main control
center for sensory and associative information processing, visceral functions, and voluntary motor
functions”

Midbrain: is located between the forebrain and hindbrain

Hindbrain: is behind the midbrain

Hypothalamus: “a basal part of the diencephalon that lies beneath the thalamus on each side,
forms the floor of the third ventricle, and includes vital autonomic regulatory centers”

Thalamus : “the largest subdivision of the diencephalon that consists chiefly of an ovoid mass of
nuclei in each lateral wall of the third ventricle and serves chiefly to relay impulses and especially
sensory impulses to and from the cerebral cortex”

These areas are also divided in multiple section mostly called “lobes” like:
Occipital lobe, Temporal lobe, Parietal lobe, Frontal lobe, Cerebral cortex, cerebellum,
Hypothalamus, Thalamus, Pituitary gland, Pineal gland, Amygdala, Hippocampus and
the Mid-brain.
Occipital lobe: we found it in the back of our brain, it is involved with our brain’s ability to
recognize objects and responsible for our vision

Temporal lobe: we have two temporal lobes they are found on either side of our brain just above
our ears. They are responsible of our hearing skill, memory, meaning and language. They play a
role in emotion and learning but also, they are concerned with interpreting and processing
auditory stimuli.

Parietal lobe: we found them behind the frontal lobes, above the temporal lobes, and at the top
of the brain. They are related to the senses, such as touch, pain, taste, pressure, and temperature.
But they have also a language function.

Frontal lobe: it is concerned with emotions, reasoning, planning, movement, and parts of speech.
It is also involved in purposeful acts such as creativity, judgment, and problem solving, and
planning.

Cerebellum: controls our movement, balance, posture, and coordination. New research has also
linked it to thinking, novelty, and emotions.

Cerebral cortex: it controls our thinking, voluntary movements, language, reasoning, and
perception. In higher mammals the cortex looks like it has lots of wrinkles, grooves and bumps.

Hypothalamus: controls our body temperature, emotions, hunger, thirst, appetite, digestion and
sleep. It is composed of several different areas and is located at the base of the brain. It is only
the size of a pea, but is responsible for some very important behaviours.

Thalamus: it controls our sensory integration and motor integration. Receives sensory
information and relays it to the cerebral cortex. It also sends information to the thalamus which
the transmits this information to other parts of the brain and the brain steam.

Pituitary gland: it controls our hormones and it helps to turn food to energy. Without this gland
you could eat but you wouldn’t get any energy from the food.

Pineal gland: this part controls our growing and maturing. It is activated by light so if you were
born and lived all your life in a place without a trace of light your pineal gland would never start
to work

Amygdala: there are two of them, it controls our emotions such as regulating when we are happy
or mad. It is very important because without it you could win the lottery and feel nothing. We
wouldn’t be happy at all.

Hippocampus: this part forms and stores our memories and is involved in learning. If we didn’t
have it, we wouldn’t be able to remember anything. People with Alzheimer’s disease loose the
functioning of their hippocampus.

Mid-brain: this section controls our breathing, reflexes and our swallowing reflexes. Includes the
Thalamus, Hippocampus and Amygdala. Every living thing has to have a mid-brain. It is involved
in motor control and sensory analysis. It has parts that are important for the level of consciousness
and for sleep.