Electrical Energy

Oasis Christian School

Beraldo P.
Erick R.
Yamel C.
Index
I. Electrical energy
II. Aplications
III. Future Applications
IV. Uses of electrical energy
V. Developers
VI. Bibliography
Electrical energy is the energy newly derived from electrical potential
energy. When loosely used to describe energy absorbed or delivered by
an electrical circuit (for example, one provided by an electric power
utility) "electrical energy" refers to energy which has been converted
from electrical potential energy. This energy is supplied by the
combination of electric current and electrical potential that is delivered
by the circuit. At the point that this electrical potential energy has been
converted to another type of energy, it ceases to be electrical potential
energy. Thus, all electrical energy is potential energy before it is
delivered to the end-use. Once converted from potential energy,
electrical energy can always be described as another type of energy
(heat, light, motion, etc.).
Electricity is the set of physical phenomena associated with the
presence and flow of electric charge. Electricity gives a wide variety of
well-known effects, such as lightning, static, induction and electrical
current. In addition, electricity permits the creation and reception of
electromagnetic such as radio waves.
In electricity, charges produce electromagnetic which act on other
charges. Electricity occurs due to several types of physics:

 Electric charge: a property of some subatomic, which determines

their electromagnetic interactions. Electrically charged matter is
influenced by, and produces, electromagnetic fields.
 Electric field (see electrostatics): an especially simple type of
electromagnetic field produced by an electric charge even when it is
not moving (i.e., there is no electric current). The electric field
produces a force on other charges in its vicinity.
 Electric potential: the capacity of an electric field to do work on
an electric charge, typically measured in volts.
 Electric current: a movement or flow of electrically charged
particles, typically measured in amperes.
 Electromagnets: Moving charges produce a magnetic field.
Electrical currents generate magnetic fields, and changing magnetic
fields generate electrical currents.

Aplications:
Electricity is a very convenient way to transfer energy, and it has been
adapted to a huge, and growing, number of uses. The invention of a
practical incandescent light bulb in the 1870s led to lighting becoming
one of the first publicly available applications of electrical power.
Although electrification brought with it its own dangers, replacing the
naked flames of gas lighting greatly reduced fire hazards within homes
and factories. Public utilities were set up in many cities targeting the
burgeoning market for electrical lighting.

Future Applications:
NASA’S PUFFIN: THE PERSONAL ELECTRIC AIR VEHICLE.
NASA Puffin Mark Moore, an aerospace engineer, is the person who
dreamed about the Puffin. Puffin is a single seated electric powered
airplane. Moore conceptualized the idea of electric aircraft for his
doctoral degree. Operating it from your house is as simple as taking out
your car from the garage. You can launch this aircraft from your own
home because of vertical take-off and landing. Mark Moore is trying to
combine the best feature of a plane and a helicopter into a hybrid
known as the Puffin. The Puffin is not some abstract reality that is not
going to take a concrete shape.
MIRA EV TRAVELS 1000KM ON SINGLE CHARGE
Mira EV Mira EV has created a world record with completing 1000 km
run on a single battery charge non-stop, powered by Sanyo’s lithium-
ion battery systems. This experiment took place on the world’s longest
race course in Japan, in Shimotsuma. Organized by Japan Electric
Vehicle Club, this long marathon driving was accomplished by a relay
team of 17 auto-racers from a training school in Ibraki, Japan.

CONVERTING WASTE HEAT TO ELECTRICITY

Waste Heat With rapid industrialization, the world has seen the
development of a number of items or units, which generate heat. Until
now this heat has often been treated as a waste, making people
wonder if this enormous heat being generated can be transformed into
a source of electric power. Now, with the physicists at the University of
Arizona finding new ways to harvest energy through heat, this dream is
actually going to become a reality.

TINY GENERATORS PRODUCE ELECTRICITY FROM AMBIENT

VIBRATIONS
Tiny Generators Tiny generators developed at the University of
Michigan could produce enough electricity from random, ambient
vibrations to power a wristwatch, pacemaker or wireless sensor. The
energy-harvesting devices, created at U-M’s Engineering Research
Center for Wireless Integrated Microsystems, are highly efficient at
providing renewable electrical power from arbitrary, non-periodic
vibrations. This type of vibration is a byproduct of traffic driving on
bridges, machinery operating in factories and humans moving their
limbs, for example.

Uses of electrical energy:

 Most electricity in U.S. homes is used for air conditioning and
lighting.
 Lighting is the single largest use of electricity in the U.S.
commercial sector.
 Machine drives are the largest use of electricity in the U.S.
industrial sector.
 Most of the medical studies are based on electric devices.


Low Energy:
 Lightbulb – 0.015kwh
 Laptop – 0.05kwh
 Television – 0.15kwh
 Washing machine – 0.4kwh
 Microwave – 0.9kwh
Medium Energy:
 Toaster – 1.1kwh
 Vacuum cleaner – 1.2kwh
 Iron – 1.4kwh
 Kettle – 1.4kwh
 Hair dryer – 1.6kwh
High Energy:
 Dishwasher – 2kwh
 Tumbler dryer – 3.5kwh
  Air conditioning – 3.5kwh
 Oven – 4.5kwh

Developers:
Benjamin Franklin: Franklin's electrical experiments led to his invention
of the lightning rod.
Nikolas Tesla: Remote control
Thomas Edison: built the world's first large-scale electrical supply
network
George Westinghouse: American entrepreneur and engineer,
financially backed the development of a practical AC power network.
Bibliography
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_energy
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricity#Production_and_uses
 http://www.eia.gov/energyexplained/index.cfm?
page=electricity_use
 http://www.switchedonkids.org.uk/fun-and-learning/what-uses-
most-electricity
 http://grist.org/climate-energy/how-do-we-use-electricity/
 http://www.alternative-energy-news.info/tiny-generators-
electricity-ambient-vibrations/
 http://www.alternative-energy-news.info/waste-heat-to-
electricity/
 http://www.alternative-energy-news.info/mira-ev-1000km/
 http://www.alternative-energy-news.info/nasa-puffin-personal-
electric-air-vehicle/
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricity#Applications
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_electrical_engineering