Sumadhura Infra PVT LTD QA/QC Department Lab Manual: SL No Description No 1 Coarse Aggregate For Concrete

Sumadhura Infra Pvt Ltd
QA/QC Department
Lab Manual
Page
Sl no Description
No
1 Coarse aggregate for Concrete
1.1 Sieve analysis
1.2 Materials finer than 75micron
1.3 Flakiness Index
1.4 Elongation index
1.5 Specific gravity & water absorption
1.6 Density & voids
1.7 Aggregate crushing value
1.8 10% fines value
1.9 Impact value
1.10 Surface Moisture

2 Fine Aggregate for Concrete
2.1 Sieve analysis
2.2 Materials finer than 75micron
2.3 Density & voids
2.4 Surface moisture
2.5 Specific gravity & water absorption
2.6 Silt Content

3 Fine Aggregate for Masonry mortar
3.1 Sieve analysis
3.2 Silt Content

4 Fine Aggregate for Plaster
4.1 Sieve analysis
4.2 Silt Content

5 Reinforcement Bars & Cuplers
5.1 Reinforcement Bars
5.1.1 Delivery & inspection 21
5.1.2 Mass per Running meter 22
5.2 Couplers
5.2.1 Delivery & Inspection for Cuplers 22
5.2.2 Visual Inspection 23

6 Cement
6.1 Fineness of cement (dry sieving)
6.2 Normal Consistancy
1
6.3 Setting time test
6.4 Compressive Strength

7 GGBS
7.1 Normal Consistancy
7.2 Setting time test
7.4 Fineness by wet sieving

8 Water Reducing Admixtures
8.1 Delivery & imspection
8.2 Relative Density

9 Plywood for Concrete Shuttering
9.1 Delivery & Inspection
9.2 Density & Moisture Content

10 Laminated veneer Lumber (LVL) Runner
10.2 Moisture Content
10.3 Thickness swelling in 2 hour water soaking

11 Silverwood runner
11.1 Sampling & Dimension

12 Solid concrete blocks (grade C5)
12.1 Delivery, inspection & sampling
12.2 Physical requirements
12.3 Density
12.5 Water absorption

13 Autoclaved Areated Concrete blocks (AAC)
13.1 Delivery, Inspection & sampling
13.2 Dimensions & Tolarence
13.3 Density & Moisture Content

14 Integral Water proofing Compound
14.1 Setting time

15 Non Shrink Cementitious Grout
2

16 Curing Compound

17 Ceramic and Vitrified tiles
17.1 Dimensions
17.2 Surface quality
17.3 Water absorption & Builk density

18 Tile Adhesive
18.1 Sieve analysis
18.1 Adhesion check - with finger traction
18.2 Adhesion check - by chiseling

19 Door frames
19.1 Delivery, Inspection & Sampling
19.2 Dimension, Size & Tolerance
19.3 Visual Inspection

20 Door Shutters
20.1 Dimension & Squreness
20.2 General flatness
20.3 Local Planeness
20.4 Impact indentation test
20.5 Flexture test
20.6 Edge loding test
20.7 Shock resistance test
20.8 Buckling test
20.9 Slamming test
20.10 Misuse test
20.11 Varying humidity test
20.12 End immersion test
20.13 Glue Adhesion
20.14 Screw withdrawal resistance test

21 Door Hardware
21.1 Thickness of Parts
21.2 Materials for vearious components of Mortis lock
21.3 Check for non interchangebility

1. COARSE AGGREGATE FOR CONCRETE
3
1.1 SIEVE ANALYSIS (FOR FINE & COARSE AGGREGATE)
Ref - IS 2386 part 1 – 1963
Objective
This method covers the procedure for the determination of particle size distribution of
fine, course aggregates by sieving.
Apparatus
IS Sieves - Sieves of the sizes given in Table, conforming to IS 460-1962 Specification for
Test Sieves shall be used
Is Sieves for Sieve Analysis of Aggregates for Concrete Type

Square hole, perforated plate 80-mm, 63-mm, 40-mm, 20-mm, 12.5-mm, 10-
mm, 4.75-mm
Fine mesh, wire cloth 2.36-mm, 1.18mm, 600 micron,
300 micron, 150 micron
Balance - The balance or scale shall be such that it is readable and accurate to 0.1 percent of
the weight of the test sample.
Sample
Sampling shall be 3 kg for Coarse aggregate and 1 kg for fine aggregate.
Test Procedure for Coarse and Fine Aggregate
The sample shall be brought to an air-dry condition before weighing and sieving. This
may be achieved either by drying at room temperature or by heating at a temperature of 100”
to 110°C. The air-dry sample shall be weighed and sieved successively on the appropriate
sieves starting with the largest. Care shall be taken to ensure that the sieves are clean before
use.
Each sieve shall be shaken separately over a clean tray until not more than a trace
passes, but in any case for a period of not less than two minutes. The shaking shall be done
with a varied motion, backwards and forwards, left to right, circular clockwise and anti-
clockwise, and with frequent jarring, so that the material is kept moving over the sieve
surface in frequently changing directions. Material shall not be forced through the sieve by
hand pressure, but on sieves coarser than 20 mm, placing of particles is permitted. Lumps of
fine material, if present, may be broken by gentle pressure with fingers against the side of the
sieve. Light brushing with a soft brush on the underside of the sieve may be used to clear the
sieve openings.
4
Light brushing with a fine camel hairbrush may be used on the 150-micron IS Sieves
to prevent aggregation of powder and blinding of apertures. Stiff or worn out brushes shall
not be used for this purpose and pressure shall not be applied to the surface of the sieve to
force particles through the mesh.
On completion of sieving, the material retained on each sieve, together with any
material cleaned from the mesh, shall be weighed.
Reporting of Results
The results shall be calculated and reported as, the cumulative percentage by weight
of the total sample passing each of the sieves, to the nearest whole number
The attached report format, which contains acceptance criteria, shall be used for
reporting the results.
1.2 DETERMINATION OF MATERIALS FINER THAN 75-MICRON
Ref - IS 2386 part 1 – 1963
Objective
This method of test deals with the procedure for determining the total quantity of
material finer than 75micron IS Sieve in aggregates by washing.
NOTE - Clay particles that are dispersed by wash water as well as water soluble materials
will be removed from the aggregate during the test.
Apparatus
Balance -The balance or scale shall be of sufficient capacity and sensitivity and shall have an
accuracy of 0.1 percent of the weight of the test sample.
Sieve - A nest of two sieves, the lower being 75-micron IS Sieve and the upper
approximately 1.18 mm IS Sieve [see IS: 460-1962 Specification for Test Sieves (Revised)I.
Container - A pan or vessel of a size sufficient to contain the sample covered with water and
to permit of vigorous agitation without inadvertent loss of any part of the sample or water.
Oven - An oven of sufficient size capable of maintaining a uniform temperature of 110 +/- 5
°C
Sample
5
The test sample shall be selected from material which has been thoroughly mixed and
which contains sufficient moisture to prevent segregation. A representative sample, sufficient
to yield not less than the appropriate weight of dried material, as shown below, shall be
selected:
Maximum Nominal size of Approximate

Aggregate (mm) minimum weight of
sample (g)
4.75 500
10.0 2000
20 2500
40 or over 5000
Procedure for Fine & Coarse Aggregate
The test sample shall be dried to constant weight at a temperature of 110 +/- 5 °C and
weighed to the nearest 0.1 percent.
The test sample after being dried and weighed shall be placed in the container and
sufficient water added to cover it. The contents of the container shall be agitated vigorously.
The agitation shall be sufficiently vigorous to result in the complete separation from
the coarse particles of all particles finer than 75-micron and bring the fine material into
suspension. Care shall be taken to avoid, as much as possible, the decantation of the coarse
particles of the sample. The operation shall be repeated until the wash water is clear.
The wash water containing the suspended and dissolved solids shall be immediately
poured over the nested sieves arranged with the coarser sieve on the top.
All material retained on the nested sieves shall be returned to the washed sample. The
washed aggregate shall be dried to constant weight at a temperature not exceeding 110°C and
weighed to the nearest 0.1 percent.
Calculation & Results:
The amount of material passing the 75-micron IS Sieve shall be calculated as follows:
B−C
A= X 100
B
where
A = percentage of material finer than 75-micron,
B = original dry weight, and
C = dry weight after washing.
1.3 DETERMINATION OF FLAKINESS INDEX
6
Ref - IS 2386 part 1 – 1963
Objective
This method of test lays down the procedure for determining the flakiness index of
coarse aggregate.
NOTE -- The flakiness index of an aggregate is the percentage by weight of particles in it
whose least dimension (thickness) is less than three-fifth8 of their mean dimension. The test
is not applicable to sizes smaller than 6.3 mm.
Apparatus
Balance - The balance shall be of sufficient capacity and sensitivity (see 4.4.3) and shall have
an accuracy of 0.1 percent of the weight of the test sample.
Metal Gauge - The metal flakiness gauge.
Sieves - IS Sieves of sizes shown in Table 1.
Sample
A quantity of aggregate shall be taken sufficient to provide the minimum number of

200 pieces of any fraction to be tested.
Procedure
Sieving - The sample shall be sieved in accordance with the method described in “Sieve
Analysis” with the sieves specified in Table 1.
Separation of Flaky material - Each fraction shall be gauged in turn for thickness on a metal
gauge. The width of the slot used in the gauge or sieve shall be of the dimensions specified in
co1 3 of Table 1 for the appropriate size of material.
Table 1
DIMENSIONS OF THICKNESS AND LENGTH GAUGES
SIZE OF AGGREGATE
Passing through Retained on Thickness Gauge Length Gauge
IS sieves IS sieves
63-mm 50-mm 33.9 -
50-mm 40-mm 27 81
40-mm 25-mm 19.5 58.5
31.5 mm 25-mm 16.95 -
25-mm 20-mm 13.5 40.5
20-mm 16-mm 10.8 32.4
16-mm 12.5-mm 8.55 25.6
12.5-mm 10-mm 6.75 20.2
7
10-mm 6.3-mm 4.89 14.7
Weighing of Flaky Material - The total amount passing the gauge shall be weighed to an
accuracy of at least 0.1 percent of the weight of the test sample.
The flakiness index is the total weight of the material passing the various thickness
gauges or sieves, expressed as a percentage of the total weight of the sample gauged. The
attached format shall be used for reporting.
1.4 DETERMINATION OF ELONGATION INDEX
Ref - IS 2386 part 1 – 1963
Object
This method of test lays down the procedure for determining the elongation index of
coarse aggregate.
NOTE - The elongation index of an aggregate is the percentage by weight of particles whose
greatest dimension (length) is greater than one and four-fifths times their mean dimension.
Normally, the properties of interest to the engineer are sufficiently covered by the flakiness or
angularity tests. The elongation test is not applicable to sizes smaller than 6.3 mm.
Apparatus
Balance - The balance shall be of sufficient capacity and sensitivity and shall have an
accuracy of 0.1 percent of the weight of the test sample.
Metal Gauge - The metal Elongation gauge
Sieves – IS Sieves of the sizes shown in Table 1.
Sample - A quantity of aggregate shall be taken, sufficient to provide a minimum number of
200 pieces of any fraction to be tested.
Procedure
Sieving - The sample shall be sieved in accordance with the method described in 1.1 with the
sieves specified in Table 1.
Separation of Elongated Material- Each fraction shall be gauged individually for length on a
metal length gauge of the pattern shown in Fig. 3. The gauge length used shall be that
specified in co1 4 of Table 1 for the appropriate size of material.
Weighing of Elongated Material - The total amount retained by the length gauge shall be
weighed to an accuracy of at least 0.1 percent of the weight of the test sample.
8
Report of Results - The elongation index is the total weight of the material retained on the
various length gauges, expressed as a percentage of the total weight of the sample gauged. In
addition, it shall be reported in the attached format.
1.5 SPECIFIC GRAVITY & WATER ABSORPTION FOR COARSE AGGREGATE
Ref - IS 2386 part 3 – 1963
Object
This test covers the procedures for determining the specific gravity, apparent specific
gravity and water absorption of aggregates.
Apparatus
Balance - A balance or scale of capacity not less than 3 kg, readable and accurate to 0.5 g and
of such a type and shape as to permit the basket containing the sample to be suspended from
the beam and weighed in water.
Oven - A well-ventilated oven, thermostatically controlled, to maintain a temperature of 100
to 110 °C.
A wire basket of not more than 6.3 mm mesh or a perforated container of convenient size,
preferably chromium plated and polished, with wire hangers not thicker than one millimeter
for suspending it from the balance.
A stout watertight container in which the basket may be freely suspended.
Two dry soft absorbent cloths each not less than 75 x 45 cm.
A shallow tray of area not less than 650 CM2.
An airtight container of capacity similar to that of the basket.
Sample
A sample of not less than 2000 g of the aggregate shall be tested. Aggregates, which
have been artificially heated, shall not normally be used. If such material is used the fact shall
be stated in the report. Two tests shall be made, and it is recommended that the two samples
should not be tested concurrently.
Test Procedure
The sample shall be thoroughly washed to remove finer particles and dust, drained
and then placed in the wire basket and immersed in distilled water at a temperature between
22°C and 32°C with a cover of at least 5 cm of water above the top of the basket.
Immediately. after immersion the entrapped air shall be removed from the sample by
lifting the basket containing it 25 mm above the base of the tank and allowing it to drop 25
times at the rate of about one drop per second. The basket and aggregate shall remain
completely immersed during the operation and for a period of 24 +/- l/2 hours afterwards.
9
The basket and the sample shall then be jolted and weighed in water at a temperature
of 22 to 32 °C If it is necessary for them to be transferred to a different tank for weighing,
they shall be jolted 25 times as described above in the new tank before weighing (weight
A1).
The basket and the aggregate shall then be removed from the water and allowed to
drain for a few minutes, after which the, aggregate shall be gently emptied from the basket on
to one of the dry clothes, and the empty basket shall be returned to the water, jolted 25 times
and weighed in water ( weight A2 ).
The aggregate placed on the dry cloth shall be gently surface dried with the cloth,
transferring it to the second dry cloth when the first will remove no further moisture. It shall
then be spread out not more than one stone deep on the second cloth, and lest exposed to the
Atmosphere away from direct sunlight or any other source of heat for not less than 10
minutes, or until it appears to be completely surface dry (which with some aggregates may
take an hour or more). The aggregate shall be turned over at least once during this period and
a gentle current of unheated air may be used after the first ten minutes to accelerate the
drying of difficult aggregates. The aggregate shall then be weighed (weight B).
NOTE : If the apparent specific gravity only is required the operation described above may
be omitted.
The aggregate shall then be placed in the oven in the shallow tray, at a temperature of
100 to 110°C and maintained at this temperature for 24 +/- l/2 hours. It shall then be removed
from the oven, cooled in the airtight container and weighed (weight C).
Calculations & Result
Specific gravity, apparent specific gravity and water absorption shall be calculated as
follows:
C
Specific Gravity =
B− A
C
Apparent specific gravity =
C−A
100(B−C)
Water Absorption =
C
Where
A = Weight in g of the saturated aggregate in water (A1-A2)
B = the weight in g of the saturated surface dry aggregate in
air, and
C = the weight in g of oven dried aggregate in air.
10
In the attached format, the individual and mean results shall be reported. The size of
the aggregate tested shall be stated, and whether it has been artificially heated.
1.6 DETERMINATION OF BULK DENSITY AND VOIDS (COARSE AND FINE

AGGREGATE)
Object
This method of test covers the procedure for determining unit weight or bulk density
and void of aggregates.
NOTE 1 - The bulk density is the weight of material in a given volume, and for the purpose
of this standard it is measured in kilograms per litre. The bulk density of an aggregate is
affected by several factors, including the amount of moisture present and the amount of effort
introduced in filling the measures.
NOTE 2 -It is emphasized that this is a laboratory test intended for comparing properties of
different aggregates. It is not generally suitable for use as a basis for quoting mix design
conversion factors.
Apparatus
Balance - A balance sensitive to 0.5 percent of the weight of the sample to be weighed.
Cylindrical Metal Measure - The measure shall preferably be machined to accurate internal
dimensions and shall be provided with handles. It shall also be watertight, and of sufficient
rigidity to retain its form under rough usage, and should be protected against corrosion.
The measure shall be of 3, 15 or 30 liters capacity, according to the maximum nominal size
of the coarsest particles of aggregate and shall comply with the requirements given in Table I.
Tamping Rod - A straight metal tamping rod of cylindrical cross section 16 mm in diameter
and 60 cm long, rounded at one end.
Calibration - The measure shall be calibrated by determining the weight of water at 27°C
required to fill it such that no meniscus is present above the rim of the container. The capacity
in litres shall be obtained by dividing the weight of water in kilograms required to fill the
container at 27°C by the weight of water in one liter at 27°C, which may be taken as one
kilogram.
11
Procedure
Condition of Specimen-The test shall normally be carried. Out on dry material when
determining the voids, but when bulking tests are required material with a given percentage
of moisture may be used.
Rodded or Compacted Weight - The measure shall be filled about one-third full with
thoroughly mixed aggregate and tamped with 25 strokes of the rounded end of the tamping
rod. A further similar quantity of aggregate shall be added and a further tamping of 25 strokes
given. The measure shall finally be filled to over-flowing, tamped 25 times and the surplus
aggregate struck off, using the tamping rod as a straightedge. The net weight of the aggregate
in the measure shall be determined and the bulk density calculated in kilograms per liter.
Loose Weight - The measure shill be filled to overflowing by means of a shovel or

scoop, the aggregate being discharged from a height not exceeding 5 cm above the top of the
measure. Care shall be taken to prevent, as far as possible, segregation of the particle sizes of
which the sample is composed. The surface of the aggregate shall then be levelled with a
straightedge. The net weight of the aggregate in the measure shall then be determined and the
bulk density calculated in kilogram per liter.
Calculation of Voids
The percentage of voids shall be calculated as follows:
Gs− y
Percentage of Voids =
Gs
Where
Gs = specific gravity of the aggregate, and
Y = bulk density in kg/litre.
Reporting of Result
The bulk density shall be reported in kg/liter to the nearest 0.01 kg. The voids shall be
reported as a percentage to the nearest whole number.
1.7 DETERMINATION OF AGGREGATE CRUSHING VALUE
Object
This method of test covers the procedure for determining the aggregate crushing value
of coarse aggregate.
12
NOTE 1 -The ‘aggregate crushing value’ gives a relative measure of the resistance of an
aggregate to crushing under a gradually applied compressive load. With aggregate of
‘aggregate crushing value’ 30 or higher, the result may be anomalous, and in such cases the
‘ten percent fines value’ should be determined instead.
NOTE 2 - The standard aggregate crushing test shall be made on aggregate passing a 12.5-
mm IS Sieve and retained on a 10-mm IS Sieve. If required, or if the standard size is not
available, other sizes up to 25 mm may be tested but owing to the non-homogeneity of
aggregates the results will not be comparable with those obtained in the standard (see Note 1
under Reporting of results). Smaller sizes may also be tested (see Note 2 under Reporting of
results).
Apparatus
a) A 15-cm diameter open-ended steel cylinder, with plunger and base-plate, of the general
form and dimensions shown in Fig. The surfaces in contact with the aggregate shall be
machined and casehardened or otherwise treated so as to have a diamond (VH) pyramid
hardness number of not less than 650 VH
b) A straight metal tamping rod of circular cross-section 16 mm in diameter and 45 to 60 cm
long, rounded at one end.
c) A balance of capacity 3 kg, readable and accurate to one gram.
d) IS Sieves of sizes 12.5, 10 and 2.36 mm.
e) A compression testing machine capable of applying a load of 40 tones and which can be
operated to give a uniform rate of loading so that the maximum load is reached in 10 minutes.
The machine may be used with or without a spherical seating.
f) For measuring the sample, cylindrical metal measure of sufficient rigidity to retain its form
under rough usage and of the following
Internal dimensions:
Diameter 11.5 cm
Height 18 cm
Preparation of Test Sample
The material for the standard test shall consist of aggregate passing a 12.5-mm IS
Sieve and retained on a 10mm IS Sieve, and shall be thoroughly separated on these sieves
before testing. For other sizes, the material shall be separated on the appropriate sieves given
in following Table
DETAILS OF AGGREGATE CRUSHING TEST FOR NON-STANDARD SIZES OF AGGREGATE

NOMINAL SIZES (IS Sieves) Diameter of
Size of IS sieves to
Cylinder to be used
separate fines
Passing Through mm Retained on mm Cm
20 20 15 4.75 mm
25 12.5 15 3.35 mm
10 6.3 15 or 7.5 1.7 mm
13
6.3 4.75 15 or 7.5 1.18 mm
4.75 3.35 15 or 7.5 850 mic
3.35 2.36 15 or 7.5 600 mic
The aggregate shall be tested in a surface-dry condition. If dried by heating, the period
of drying shall not exceed four hours, the temperature shall be 100 to 110°C and the
aggregate shall be cooled to room temperature before testing.
The appropriate quantity may be found conveniently by filling the cylindrical measure
in three layers of approximately equal depth, each layer being tamped 25 times with the
rounded end of the tamping rod and finally levelled off, using the tamping rod as a straight-
edge.
The weight of material comprising the test sample shall be determined (Weight A)
and the same weight of sample shall be taken for the repeat test.
14
Test Procedure
The cylinder of the test apparatus shall be put in position on the base-plate and the test
sample added in thirds, each third being subjected to 25 strokes from the tamping rod. The
surface of the aggregate shall be carefully levelled and the plunger inserted so that it rests
horizontally on this surface, care being taken to ensure that the plunger does not jam in the
cylinder.
The apparatus, with the test sample and plunger in position, shall then be placed
between the platens of the testing machine and loaded at as uniform a rate as possible so that
the total load is reached in 10 minutes. The total load shall be 40 tones.
The load shall be released and the whole of the material removed from the cylinder
and sieved on a 2.36-mm IS Sieve for the standard test, or the appropriate sieve given in
Table. The fraction passing the sieve shall be weighed (Weight B). In all of these operations,
care shall be taken to avoid loss of the fines. Two tests shall be made.
Calculation
The ratio of the weight of fines formed to the total sample weight in each test shall be
expressed as a percentage, the result being recorded to the first decimal place:
B
Aggregate crushing value = X 100
A
Where
B = weight of fraction passing the appropriate sieve, and
A = weight of surface-dry sample.
The mean of the two results shall be reported to the nearest whole number as the
‘aggregate crushing value’ of the size of material tested, which shall be stated.
NOTE 1 - Aggregate larger than 12.5 mm - In general, the larger sizes of aggregate will give
a higher aggregate crushing value, but the relationship between the values obtained with
different sizes will vary from one aggregate to another. Particular care shall be taken with
larger sizes of aggregate to ensure that the plunger does not jam in the cylinder. However, for
such aggregate, a 7.5-cm diameter cylinder may be used, and this has been found to give
slightly higher results than the standard cylinder, so that the errors are compensating.
NOTE 2 -Aggregate smaller than 10 mm - In general, the smaller sizes of aggregate will give
a lower aggregate crushing value, but the relationship between the values obtained with
different sizes will vary from one aggregate to another.
15
1.8 DETERMINATION OF TEN PERCENT FINES VALUE
Object
This method of test covers the procedure for determining the ‘ten percent fines’ value
of coarse aggregates.
NOTE - The ‘ten percent fines’ value gives a measure of the resistance of an aggregate to
crushing, that is, applicable to all aggregates.
Apparatus
a) A 15-cm diameter open-ended steel cylinder, with plunger and base-plate, of the general
form and dimensions shown in Fig.(in Crushing value test) The surfaces in contact with the
aggregate shall be machined and case-hardened or otherwise treated so as to have a diamond
(VH) pyramid hardness number of not less than 650 WI.
b) A straight metal tamping rod of circular cross-section 16 mm in diameter and 45 to 60 cm
long, rounded at one end.
c) A balance of capacity 3 kg, readable and accurate to one gram.
d) The IS Sieve-s of sizes 12.5, 10 and 2.36 mm.
e) A compression-testing machine capable of applying a load of 50 tones and which can be
operated to give a uniform rate of loading so that the maximum load in any test is reached in
10 minutes. This load may vary from 0.5 to 50 tones.
f) For measuring the sample, a cylindrical metal measure of sufficient rigidity to retain its
form under rough usage and of the following
Internal dimensions:
Diameter 11.5 cm
Height 18.0 cm
g) Means of measuring the reduction in the distance between the platens of the testing
machine to the nearest one millimeter during the test (for example, a dial gauge).
Preparation of Test Sample
The material for the test shall consist of aggregate passing a 12.5-mm IS Sieve and
retained on a 10-mm IS Sieve and shall be thoroughly separated on these sieves before
testing.
The aggregate shall be tested in a surface-dry condition. If dried by heating, the period
of drying shall not exceed four hours, the temperature shall be 100 to 110°C and the
aggregate shall, be cooled to room temperature before testing.
The appropriate quantity may be found conveniently by filling the cylindrical measure
in three layers of approximately equal depth, each layer being tamped 25 times with the
tamping rod and finally levelled off, using the tamping rod as a straight-edge, care being
taken in the case of weaker materials not to break the particles.
16
The weight of material comprising the test sample shall be determined (Weight A)
and the same weight of sample shall be taken for the repeat test.
NOTE - About 6.5 kg of natural aggregate is required to provide the two test samples.
Less of lightweight aggregate is required.
Test Procedure
The cylinder of the test apparatus shall be put in position on the base-plate and the test
sample added in thirds, each third being subjected to 25 strokes from the tamping rod, care
being taken in the case of weak materials not to break the particles. The surface of the
Aggregate shall be carefully levelled and the plunger inserted so that rests horizontally on this
surface, care being taken to ensure that the plunger does not jam in the cylinder.
The apparatus, with the test sample and plunger in position, shall then be placed in the
compression-testing machine. The load shall be applied at a uniform rate to cause a total
penetration of the plunger in 10 minutes of about:
15.0 mm for rounded or partially rounded aggregates (for example, uncrushed
gravels),
20.0 mm for normal crushed aggregates, and
24.0 mm for honeycombed aggregates (for example, expanded shales and slags).
These figures may be varied according to the extent of the rounding or Honeycombing.
After reaching the required maximum penetration, the load shall be released and the
whole of the material removed from the cylinder and sieved on a 2.36-mm IS Sieve. The
fines passing the sieve shall be weighed, and this weight expressed as a percentage of the
weight of the test sample. Normally, this percentage will fall within the range 7.5 to 12.5, but
if it does not, a further test shall be made at a load adjusted as seems appropriate to bring the
percentage fines within the range of 7.5 to 12.5.
A repeat test shall be made at the load that gives a percentage fines within the range 7.3 to
12.5.
Calculations
The mean percentage fines from the two tests at this load shall be used in the following
formula to calculate the load required to give 10 percent fines:
14 Xx
Load required for 10 percent fines =
y+4
where
x = load in tones, and
y = mean percentage fines from two tests at x tones load.
17
The load required to produce 10 percent fines shall be reported to the nearest whole number
for loads of 10 tons or more, the nearest 0.5 tone for loads of less than 10 tones.
1.9 DETERMINATION OF AGGREGATE IMPACT VALUE
Object
This method of test covers the procedure for determining the aggregate impact value of
coarse aggregate.
NOTE -The ‘aggregate impact value’ gives a relative measure of the resistance of an
aggregate to sudden shock or impact, which in some aggregates differs from its resistance to
a slow compressive load.
Apparatus
a) An impact-testing machine of the general form and complying with the following:
1) Total weight not more than 60 kg nor less than 45 kg.

2) The machine shall have a metal base weighing between 22 and 30 kg with a plane lower
surface of not less than 30 cm diameter, and shall be supported on a level and plane concrete
or stone block or floor at least 45 cm thick. The machine shall be prevented from rocking
either by fixing it to the block or floor or by supporting it on a level and plane metal plate cast
Into the surface of the block or floor.
3) A cylindrical steel cup of internal dimensions:
Diameter 102 mm
Depth 50 mm
and not less than 6.3 mm thick with its inner surface casehardened, that can be rigidly
fastened at the center of the base and easily removed for emptying.
4) A metal tup or hammer weighing 13.5 to 14.0 kg, the lower end of which shall be
cylindrical in shape, 100 mm in diameter and 5 cm long, with a 2-mm chamfer at the lower
edge, and case-hardened. The hammer shall slide freely between vertical guides so arranged
that the lower (cylindrical) part of the hammer is above and concentric with the cup.
5) Means for raising the hammer and allowing it to fall freely between the vertical guides
from a height of 380 +/- 5 mm on to the test sample in the cup, and means for adjusting the
height of fall within 5 mm.
6) Means for supporting the hammer whilst fastening or removing the cup.
NOTE - Some means for automatically recording the number of blows is desirable.
b) Sieves-The IS Sieves of sizes 12.5, 10 and 2.36 mm.
c) Measure - A cylindrical metal measure, tared to the nearest gram, of sufficient rigidity to
retain its form under rough usage, and of the following internal dimensions:
Diameter 75 mm
Depth 50 mm
d) Tamping Rod - A straight metal tamping rod of circular cross-section 10 mm in diameter
and 230 mm long, rounded at one end.
18
e) Balance - A balance of capacity not less than 500 g, readable and accurate to 0.1 g.
f) Oven - A well-ventilated oven, thermostatically controlled to maintain a temperature of
100 to 110°C.
Preparation of the Test Sample
The test sample shall consist of aggregate the whole of which passes a 12.5-mm IS
Sieve and is retained on a 10-mm IS Sieve. The aggregate comprising the test sample shall be
dried in an oven for a period of four hours at a temperature of 100 to 110°C and cooled.
The measure shall be filled about one-third full with the aggregate and tamped with
25 strokes of the rounded end of the tamping rod. Further similar quantity of aggregate shall
be added and a further tamping of 25 strokes given. The measure shall finally be fined to
overflowing, tamped 25 times and the surplus aggregate struck off, using the tamping rod as a
straightedge. The net weight of aggregate in the measure shall be determined to the nearest
gram (Weight A) and this weight of aggregate shall be used for the duplicate test on the same
material.
Test Procedure
The impact machine shall rest without wedging or packing upon the level plate, block
or floor, so that it is rigid and the hammer guide columns are vertical.
The cup shall be fixed firmly in position on the base of the machine and the whole of
the test sample placed in it and compacted by a single tamping of 25 strokes of the tamping
rod.
The hammer shall be raised until its lower face is 380 mm above the upper surface of
the aggregate in the cup, and allowed to fall freely on to the aggregate. The test sample shall
be subjected to 15 such blows each being delivered at an interval of not less than one second.
The crushed aggregate shall then be removed from the cup and the whole of it sieved
on the 2.36-mm IS Sieve until no further significant amount passes in one minute. The
fraction passing the sieve shall be weighed to an accuracy of 0.1 g (Weight. B). The fraction
retained on the sieve shall also be weighed (Weight C) and, if the total weight (B+C) is less
than the initial weight (Weight A) by more than one gram, the result shall be discarded and a
fresh test made. Two tests shall be made.
Calculations
The ratio of the weight of fines formed to the total sample weight in each test shall he
expressed as a percentage, the result being recorded to the first decimal place:
B
Aggregate impact value = X 100
A
Where
B = Weight of fraction passing 2.36-mm IS Sieve, and
A = weight of oven-dried sample.
19
The mean of the two results shall be reported to the nearest whole number as the aggregate
impact value of the tested material.
1.10 DETERMINATION OF SURFACE MOISTURE
Ref: CPWD Spec 4.1.1.5
Procedure
Take a sample of wet aggregate and weigh it (A). Then place it in a frying pan and gently
apply heat, meanwhile stirring with a glass rod until the surface moisture disappears. This is
apparent when the aggregate loses its shining wet appearance and becomes dull, or when it
just attains a free funning condition. The saturated surface dry material is then weighed (B).
Continue the heating thereafter until the moisture is evaporated and weigh the dry sample
(C).
The surface moisture is then calculated as follows:
A−B
Surface moisture = = X 100
C
It is expressed as a percentage of dry aggregate.
2. FINE AGGREGATE FOR CONCRETE
2.1 SIEVE ANALYSIS – Ref 1.1
2.2 MATERIALS FINER THAN 75 MICRON – Ref 1.2
2.3 DENSITY & VOIDS – Ref 1.6
2.4 DETERMINATION OF SURFACE MOISTURE CONTENT – Ref 1.10
20
2.5 SPECIFIC GRAVITY & WATER ABSORPTION FOR FINE AGGREGATE
Object
This test covers the procedures for determining the specific gravity, apparent specific
gravity and water absorption of fine aggregates.
Apparats
Balance - A balance or scale of capacity not less than 3 kg, readable and accurate to 0.5 g,
and of such a type as to permit the weighing of the vessel containing the aggregate and water.
Oven - A well-ventilated oven, thermostatically controlled, to maintain a temperature of 100
to 110°C.
Vessel - Any form of vessel capable of holding 0.5 to 1 kg of material up to 10 mm in size
and capable of being filled with water to a constant volume with an accuracy of +/- 0.5 ml.
either of the two following vessels is suitable:
1) A glass vessel, referred to later as a pycnometer, of about one litre capacity having
a metal conical screw top with a 6-mm diameter hole at its apex. The screw top shall be
watertight when it is screwed on to the jar, and, if necessary, a rubber or fibre washer shall be
inserted in the joint. If such a washer is used, a mark shall be made on the jar to correspond
with a mark on the screw top so that the screw is tightened to the same position every time
and the volume contained by the jar is constant throughout the test. A suitable vessel can be
made from a 1 kg fruit preserving jar in which the glass lid normally used is replaced by a
sheet metal cone or
2) A wide-mouthed glass vessel, such as a gas jar, of about 1.25 litres capacity, with a
flat ground lip and a plane ground disc of plate glass to cover it, giving a virtually watertight
fit.
d) A means of supplying a current of warm air, such as a hair drier.
e) A tray of area not less than 325 cm2.
f) An airtight container large enough to take the sample.
g) Filter papers and funnel.
Test Procedure
Using the pycnometer - A sample of about 1 kg for 10 mm to 4.75 mm or 500 g if

finer than 4.75 mm, shall be placed in the tray and covered with distilled water at a
temperature of 22 to 32°C. Soon after immersion, air entrapped in or bubbles on the surface
of the aggregate shall be removed by gentle agitation with a rod. The sample shall remain
immersed for 24 +/- 1/2 hours.
The water shall then be carefully drained from the sample, by decantation through a
filter paper, any material retained being return& to the sample. The aggregate including any
solid matter retained on the filter paper shall be exposed to a gentle current of warm air to
evaporate surface moisture and shall be stirred at frequent intervals to ensure uniform drying
until no free surface moisture can be seen and the material just attains a ‘free-running’
21
condition. Care shall be taken to ensure that this stage is not passed. The saturated and
surface-dry sample shall be weighed (weight A).
Note- If the apparent specific gravity only is required, the operations described in this
paragraph may he omitted, although for material finer & 475 mm some surface drying may
be desirable to facilitate handling.
The aggregate shall then be placed in the pycnometer, which shall be filled with
distilled water. Any trapped air shall be eliminated by rotating the pycnometer on its side, the
hole in the apex of the cone being covered with a finger. The pycnometer shall be topped up
with distilled water to remove any froth from the surface and so that the surface of the water
in the hole is flat. The pycnometer shall be dried on the outside and weighed (weight B).
The contents of the pycnometer shall be emptied into the tray, care being taken to
ensure that all the aggregate is transferred. The pycnometer shall be refilled with distilled
water to the same level as before, dried on the outside and weighed (weight C). The
difference in the temperature of the water in the pycnometer during the first and second
weighings shall not exceed 2°C.
The water shall then be carefully drained from the sample by decantation through a
filter paper and any material retained returned to the sample. The sample shall be placed in
the oven in the tray at a temperature of 100 to 110°C for 24 +/- l/2 hours, during which period
it shall be stirred occasionally to facilitate drying. It shall be cooled in the air-tight container
and weighed (weight D).
Two tests shall be made.
Using the second (gas jar) apparatus described in section C of Apparatus, the
procedure shall be the same except that in filling the jar with water it shall be tilled just to
overflowing and the glass plate slid over it to exclude any air bubbles.
Calculations
Specific gravity, apparent specific gravity and water &sorption shall be calculated as
follows:
D
Specific gravity =
A−(B−C)
D
Apparent specific gravity =
D−( B−C )
100 X ( A− D)
Water Absorption (percent of dry Weight) =
D
where
A = weight in g of saturated surface-dry sample,
B = weight in g of pycnometer or gas jar containing sample and filled with distilled water,
C = weight in g of pycnometer or gas jar filled with distilled water only, and
D = weight in g of oven-dried sample.
22
The individual and mean results shall be reported and the grading of the aggregate shall be
stated.
2.6 DETERMINATION OF SILT CONTENT
Ref: CPWD spec 3.1.3.2
Test Procedure
A sample of sand to be tested shall be placed without drying in a 200 ml measuring

cylinder. The volume of the sample shall be such that it fills the cylinder upto 100 ml mark
Clean water shall be added upto 150 ml mark. Dissolve a little salt in the water in the
proportion one tea spoon to half a litre. The mixture shall be shaken vigorously, the last few
shakes being sidewise direction to level off the sand and the contents allowed to settle for
three hours.
The height of the silt visible as settled layer above the sand shall be expressed as a
percentage of the height of sand below. The sand containing more than the above allowable
percentage of silt, shall be washed to bring the silt contents within allowable limits.
The sand shall not contain more than 8% of silt as determined by field test with
measuring cylinder
3. FINE AGGREGATE FOR MASONRY MORTAR
3.2 DETERMINATION OF SILT CONTENT - Ref 2.5
4. FINE AGGREGATE FOR PLASTER
4.2 DETERMINATION OF SILT CONTENT - Ref 2.5
5 REINFORCEMENT BARS & COUPLERS
5.1 REINFORCEMENT BARS
5.1.1 Delivery & Inspection
Manufacturer’s Certificate
23
In the case of bar/wires which have not been inspected at the manufacturer’s works,
the manufacturer or supplier, as the case maybe, shall supply the purchaser or his authorized
representative with the certificate stating the process of manufacture and also the test sheet
signed by the manufacturer giving the result of each mechanical test applicable to the
material purchased, and the chemical composition, if required. Each test certificate shall
indicate the number of the cast to which it applies, corresponding to the number or
identification mark to be found on the material. The test certificate shall contain the following
information:
a) Place of manufacture of the reinforcing steel,

b) Nominal diameter of the steel,
c) Grade of the steel,
d) Rolled-in marking on the steel,
e) Cast/heat number,
f) Date of testing,
g) Mass of the tested lot, and
h) Individual test results for all the properties,
Identification and Marking
The manufacturer or supplier shall have ingots, billets and bars or bundles of
barskvires marked in such a way that all finished barshvires can be traced to the cast from
which they were made. Every facility shall be given to the purchaser or his authorized
representative for tracing the barslwires to the cast from which they were made.
For each bundlelcoil of barslwires a tag shall be attached indicating castilot number,
grade and size.
All bars/wires should be identifiable by marks/ brands introduced during rolling
which indicate the name of the manufacturer or their brand name.
Identification marks like brand name, tiade-mark, etc, that are introduced during
rolling shall be designed and located in such a manner that the performance in use of the bar
is not affected.
BIS Certification Marking
Each bundle containing the barsfwires may also be suitablymarkedwith the

StandardMark in whichcase the concerned test certificate shall also bear the standard Mark.
The use of the Standard Mark is governed by the provisions of the Bureau ofindian
Standards Act, 1986 and the Rules and Regulations made thereunder. The details of
conditions under which a license for the use of Standard Mark may be granted to
manufacturers or producers may be obtained from the Bureau of Indian Standard
5.1.2 Mass per Running Meter
24
To test Mass per running meter, the random samples of 1 m length of 3 no’s shall be
cut from the delivered material and the weight hall be as per the below table.
Tolerance on Nominal Mass

Tolerance on nominal mass in
Sl percent
Nominal Size in mm
no Individual
Batch
sample
1 Up to and including 10 +/- 7 -8
2 Over 10 up to and including 16 +/- 5 -6
3 Over 16 +/- 3 -4

5.2 REINFORCEMENT COUPLERS
5.2.1 Delivery & Inspection
Identification and Marking
Each reinforcement coupler shall be indelibly and clearly marked indicating the class
designation and nominal size and grade of reinforcing bar for which it is intended. The
manufacturer or supplier shall mark the reinforcement coupler in such a way that all finished
reinforcement couplers can be traced to the original cast from which they were made along
with the date of manufacture. Every facility shall be given to the purchaser or his authorized
representative for tracing the reinforcement couplers to the cast from which they were made.
Each coupler should be identifiable by marks/ brands which indicate the name of the
manufacturer or their brand name.
BIS Certification Marking
The reinforcement coupler may also be marked with the Standard Mark. The use of
the Standard Mark is governed by the provisions of the Bureau of Indian Standards Act, 1986
and the Rules and Regulations made thereunder. The details of conditions under which a
license for the use of the Standard Mark may be granted to manufacturers or producers may
be obtained from the Bureau of Indian Standards.
5.2.2 Visual Inspection
No Formation of rust. Uniformity and number of pitch required. All samples must be
plugged with PVC caps.
25
6. CEMEMT
6.1 DETERMINATION OF FINENESS BY DRY SIEVING
Object
This section covers the procedure for determining the fineness of cement by dry
sieving as represented by the mass of residue left on a standard 90 micron IS Sieve.
Principle
The fineness of cement is measured by sieving it on standard sieve. The proportion of

cement of which the grain sizes are larger than the specified mesh size is thus determined.
A reference sample having a known proportion of material coarser than the specified
mesh size is used for checking the specified sieve.
Apparatus
Test Sieve - It comprises a firm, durable, non-corrodible, cylindrical frame of 150 mm to 200
mm nominal diameter and 40 mm to 100 mm depth, fitted with 90-micron mesh sieve cloth
of woven stainless steel, or other abrasion-resisting and non-corrodible metal wire.
The sieve cloth shall comply with the requirements of IS 460 (Part 1): 1985 and IS
460 (Part 3): 1985 and shall be free of visible irregularities in mesh size when inspected
optically by the methods of IS 460 ( Part 3 ) : 1985. A tray fitting beneath the sieve frame and
a lid fitting above it shall be provided to avoid loss of material during sieving.
Balance - Capable of weighing up to 10 g to the nearest 10 mg.

Brush - A nylon or pure bristle brush, preferably with 25 to 40 mm bristle, for cleaning the
sieve.
Material for Checking the Sieve - A Standard reference material of known sieve residue shall
be used for checking the sieve.
The material shall be stored in sealed, airtight containers to avoid changes in its
characteristics due to absorption or deposition from the atmosphere. The containers shall be
marked with the sieve residue of the reference material.
Procedure
Determination of the Cement Residue
Agitate the sample of cement to be tested by shaking for 2 min in a stoppered jar to
disperse agglomerates. Wait 2 min. Stir the resulting powder gently using a clean dry rod in
26
order to distribute the fines throughout the cement. Fit the tray under the sieve, weigh
approximately 10 g of cement to the nearest 0.01 g and place it on the sieve, being careful to
avoid loss. Disperse any agglomerates. Fit the lid over the sieve. Agitate the sieve by
swirling, planetary and linear movement until no more fine material passes through it.
Remove and weigh the residue. Express its mass as a percentage, R1, of the quantity first
placed in the sieve to the nearest 0.1 percent. Gently brush all the fine material off the base of
the sieve into the tray. Repeat the whole procedure using a fresh 10 g sample to obtain R2.
Then calculate the residue of the cement R as the mean of R1 and R2 as a percentage,
expressed to the nearest 0.1 percent. When the results differ by more than 1 percent absolute,
carry out a third sieving and calculate the mean of the three values. The sieving process is
carried out manually by a skilled and experienced operator.
NOTE - Alternatively, a sieving machine may be used if it can be shown to give the same
results as the manual operation.
Checking the Sieve
Agitate the sample of cement to be tested by shaking for 2 min in a stoppered jar to
disperse agglomerates. Wait 2 min. Stir the resulting powder gently using a clean dry rod in
order to distribute the fines throughout the cement.
Fit the tray under the sieve. Weigh approximately 10 g of the reference material to the
nearest 0.01 g and place it in the sieve, being careful to avoid loss. Carry out the sieving
procedure as above including the repeat determination of residue to yield two values P1 and
P2 expressed to the nearest 0.1 percent.
The two values of P1 and P2 for a satisfactory sieve should differ by not more than
0.3 percent. Their mean P characterizes the state of the sieve. Given the known residue on the
90 micron mesh of the reference material, Ro, calculate Ro/P as the sieve factor, F, expressed
to the nearest 0.01. The residue, R, determined as above shall be corrected by multiplying by
F, which may have a value of 1.00 +/- 0.20
Check the sieve after every 100 sieving.
NOTE - Any other checking procedure, such as the optical methods described in IS 460 (Part
3): 1985 may be used. All sieves will wear slowly and consequently their sieve factor, F, will
slowly change.
Expression of Results
Report the value of R, to the nearest 0. 1 percent, as the residue on the 90 micron
sieve for the cement tested. The standard deviation of the repeatability is about 0.2 percent
and of the reproducibility is about 0.3 percent.
27
6.2 NORMAL CONSISTENCY
Object
This test covers the procedure for determining the quantity of water required to
produce a cement paste of standard consistency.
Temperature and Humidity
The temperature of moulding room, dry materials and water shall be maintained at 27
+/- 2°C. The relative humidity of the laboratory shall be 65 +/- 5 percent.
Apparatus
Vicat Apparatus -Vicat apparatus conforming to IS 5513-1976.

Balance - The balance shall conform to the following requirements.
On balance in use, the permissible variation at a load of 1000 g shall be plus or minus
1.0 g. The permissible variation on new balance shall be one-half of this value. The
sensibility reciprocal shall not be greater than twice the permissible variation.
NOTE 1 -The sensibility reciprocal is generally defined as the change in load required to
change the position of rest of the indicating element or elements of a non-automatic
indicating scale a definite amount at any load
NOTE 2 - Self-indicating balance with equivalent accuracy may also be used.
Gauging Trowel - Gauging trowel conforming to IS 10086: 1982
Procedure
The standard consistency of a cement paste is defined as that consistency which will
permit the Vicat plunger G shown in IS : 5513-l 976 to penetrate to a point 5 to 7 mm from
the bottom of the Vicat mould when the cement paste is tested as described in following.
Prepare a paste of weighed quantity (Usually 300 g) of Cement with a weighed

quantity of potable or distilled water (start with 28% of water in weight of cement), taking
care that the time of gauging is not less than 3 minutes, nor more than 5 min, and the gauging
shall be completed before any sign of setting occurs. The gauging time shall be counted from
the time of adding water to the dry cement until commencing to fill the mould. Fill the Vicat
mould with this paste, the mould resting upon a non-porous plate. After completely filling
the mould, smoothen the surface of the paste, making it level with the top of the mould. The
mould may be slightly shaken to expel the a.ir.
28
Clean appliances shall be used for in filling the mould, the operator’s hands and the
blade of the gauging trowel shall alone be used.
Place the test block in the mould, together with the non-porous resting plate, under the
rod bearing the plunger; lower the plunger gently to touch the surface of the test block, and
quickly release, allowing it to sink into the paste. This operation shall be carried out
immediately after filling the mould.
Prepare trial pastes with varying percentages of water and test as described above
until the amount of water necessary for making up the standard consistency as defined is
found.
Calculation
Express the amount of water as a percentage by mass of the dry cement to the first
place of decimal.
6.3 DETERMINATION OF INITIAL & FINAL SETTING TIME
Object
This section covers the procedure for determining the initial and final setting times of
cement.
± 2°C. The relative humidity of the laboratory shall be 65 ± 5 percent.
The moist closet or moist room shall be maintained at 27 ± 2°C and at a relative
humidity of not less than 90 percent.
Apparatus
Vicat Apparatus — Vicat apparatus conforming to IS: 5513-1976.

Balance — the balance shall conform to the following requirements:
On balance in use, the permissible variation at a load of 1000 g shall be ± 1.0 g. The
Permissible variation on new balance shall be one-half of this value. The sensibility
reciprocal shall be not greater than twice the permissible variation.
NOTE 1 — The sensibility reciprocal is generally defined as the change in load required to
change the position of rest of the indicating element or elements of a non-automatic
indicating scale a definite amount at any load.
29
NOTE 2 — Self-indicating balance with equivalent accuracy may also be used
Gauging Trowel — gauging trowel conforming to IS: 10086-1982.
Procedure
Preparation of Test Block
Prepare a neat cement paste by gauging the cement with 0.85 times the water required
to give a paste of standard consistency. Potable or distilled water shall be used in preparing
the paste. The paste shall be gauged in the manner and under the conditions prescribed in
Normal Consistency test Procedure. Start a stopwatch at the instant when water is added to
the cement. Fill the Vicat mould with a cement paste gauged as above, the mould resting on a
nonporous plate. Fill the mould completely and smooth off the surface of the paste making it
level with the top of the mould. The cement block thus prepared in the mould is the test
block.
Immediately after moulding, place the test block in the moist closet or moist room and
allow it to remain there except when determinations of time of setting are being made.
NOTE 1 — Clean appliances shall be used for gauging.
NOTE 2 — All the apparatus shall be free from vibration during the test.
NOTE 3 — Care shall be taken to keep the needle straight.
Determination of Initial Setting Time
Place the test block confined in the mould and resting on the non-porous plate, under
the rod bearing the needle ( C ); lower the needle gently until it comes in contact with the
surface of the test block and quickly release, allowing it to penetrate into the test block. In.
the beginning, the needle will completely pierce the test block. Repeat this procedure until the
needle, when brought in contact with the test block and released as described above, fails to
pierce the block beyond 5.0 ± 0.5 mm measured from the bottom of the mould. The period
elapsing between the time when water is added to the cement and the time at which the
needle fails to pierce the test block to a point 5.0 ± 0.5 mm measured from the bottom of the
mould shall be the initial setting time
Determination of Final Setting Time
Replace the needle ( C ) of the Vicat apparatus by the needle with an annular
attachment ( F ). The cement shall be considered as finally set when, upon applying the
needle gently to the surface of the test block, the needle makes an impression thereon, while
the attachment fails to do so. The period elapsing between the time when water is added to
the cement and the time at which the needle makes an impression on the surface of test block
while the attachment fails to do so shall be the final setting time. In the event of a scum
forming on the surface of the test block, use the underside of the block for the determination.
30
Reporting Of Results
The results of initial and final setting time shall be reported to the nearest five minutes.
6.4 COMPRESSION STRENGTH TEST
Object
This section covers the procedure for determining the strength of cement as
represented by compressive strength tests on mortar cubes compacted by means of standard
vibration machine.
± 2°C. The relative humidity of the laboratory shall be 65 ± 5 percent.
The moist closet or moist room shall be maintained at 27± 2°C and at a relative
humidity of not less than 90 percent.
General
Standard Sand. - The standard sand, to be used in the test shall conform to IS 650·1966·.
Apparatus
Vibration Machine - Vibration machine conforming to IS 10080-1982.

Poking Rod - Poking rod conforming to IS 10080-1982.
Cube Mould- The mould shall be of 70.6, mm size conforming to IS 10080-1982.
Gauging Trowel - Gauging trowel shall have a steel blade 100 to 150 mm in length with
straight edges weighing 210 ± 10 g.
Balance - The balance shall conform to the following requirements:
On balance in use, the permissible variation at a load of 1000 g shall be ± 1.0 g. The
permissible variation on new balance shall be one-half of this value. The sensibility
reciprocal shall be not greater than twice the permissible variation.
Non: 1 - The sensibility reciprocal is generally defined as the change in load required to
change the position of rest of the indicating element or elements at a non-automatic indicating
scale a definite amount of any load.
NOTE 2 - Self-indicating balance with equivalent accuracy may also be used.
Graduated Glass Cylinders
31
Graduated glass cylinders of 150 to 200 ml capacity. The permissible variation on
these cylinders shall be ± I ml. The main graduation lines of the cylinders shall be in circles
and shall be numbered. The least graduations shall extend at least one seventh of the way
around, and, intermediate graduations shall extend at least one-fifth of the way around the
cylinder. The graduation lines may be omitted for the lowest 5 ml.
Preparation of Test Specimens
Mix Proportions and Mixing
Clean appliances shall be used for mixing and the temperature of water and that of the
test room at the time when the above operations are being performed shall be 27 ± 2°C.
Potable distilled water shall be used in preparing the cubes.
The material for each cube shall be mixed separately/and the quantity of cement,
standard sand and water shall be as follows:
Cement 200g
Standard sand 600 g
P
Water +3.0 percent of combined mass of cement and sand, whether P is the
4
percentage of water required to produce a paste of standard consistency determined as
described in 6.2
Place on a nonporous plate, a mixture of cement and standard sand, Mix it dry with a
trowel for one minute and then with water until the mixture is of uniform color. The quantity
of water to be used shall be as specified above. The time of mixing shall in any event be not
less than 3 min and should the time taken to obtain a uniform color exceed 4 min, the mixture
shall be rejected and the operation repeated with a fresh quantity of cement, sand and water.
Moulding Specimens
In assembling the moulds ready for use, cover the joints between the halves of the
mould with a thin film of petroleum jelly and apply a similar coating of petroleum jelly
between the contact surfaces of the bottom of the mould and its base plate in order to ensure
that no water escapes during vibration. Treat the interior faces of the mould with a thin
coating of mould oil.
Place the assembled mould on the table of the vibration machine and hold it firmly in
position by means of a suitable clamp. Attach a hopper of suitable size and shape securely at
the top of the mould to facilitate filling and this hopper shall not be removed until the
completion of the vibration period.
Immediately after mixing the mortar in accordance with above , place the mortar in
the cube mould and prod with the rod specified in Apparatus The mortar shall be prodded 20
times in about 8 s to ensure elimination of entrained air and honeycombing. Place the
32
remaining quantity of mortar in the hopper of the cube mould and prod again as specified for
the first layer and then compact the mortar by vibration.
The period of vibration shall be two minutes at the specified speed of 12 000 ± 400
vibration per minute.
At the end of vibration, remove the mould together with the base plate from the
machine and finish the top surface of the cube in the mould by smoothing the surface with the
blade of a trowel.
Curing Specimen
Keep the filled moulds in moist closet or moist room for 24 hours after completion of
vibration. At the end of that period, remove them from the moulds and immediately submerge
in clean fresh water and keep there until taken out just prior to breaking. The water in which
the cubes are submerged shall be renewed every 7 days and shall be maintained at a
temperature of 27 ± 2°C. After they have been taken out and until they are broken, the cubes
shall not be allowed to become dry.
Testing
Test three cubes for compressive strength for each period of curing mentioned under
the relevant specifications for different hydraulic cements, usually 3, 7, 28 days. The periods
being reckoned from the completion of vibration.
The cubes shall be tested on their sides without any packing between the cube and the
steel plattens of the testing machine. One of the plattens shall be carried on a base and shall
be self-adjusting, and the load shall be steadily and uniformly applied, starting from zero at a
rate of 35 N/mm2/min.
Calculation
The measured compressive strength of the cubes shall be calculated by dividing the
maximum load applied to the cubes during the test by the cross-sectional area, calculated
from the mean dimensions of the section and shall be expressed to the nearest 0.5 N/mm, In
determining the compressive strength, do not consider specimens that are manifestly faulty,
or that give strengths differing by more than 10 percent from the average value of all the test
specimens. After discarding specimens or strength values, if less than two strength values are
left for determining the compressive strength at any given period, a retest shall be made.
7. GGBS
7.1 Normal Consistency – Ref 6.2
33
7.2 Initial & Final Setting time – Ref 6.3
7.3 Compressive strength
For compressive strength the method described in 6.4 shall be followed. For
preparation of sample, the following method shall be adopted for GGBS.
Preparation of Sample
Mix Proportions and Mixing
Clean appliances shall be used for mixing and the temperature of water and that of the
test room at the time when the above operations are being performed shall be 27 ± 2°C.
Potable distilled water shall be used in preparing the cubes.
The material for each cube shall be mixed separately/and the quantity of GGBS,
Cement, standard sand and water shall be as follows:
Cement + GGBS 200g (70% OPC 43 & 30% GGBS)
Standard sand 600 g
P
Water +3.0 percent of combined mass of cement and sand, whether P is the
4
percentage of water required to produce a paste of standard consistency determined as
described in 6.2
Moulding the samples, Curing, Testing & Calculation shall be followed same as 6.4
7.4 Fineness by Wet Sieving (45 Micron)
Scope
This section covers the procedure for determining the fineness of cement by wet
sieving as represented by the mass of the residue left on a standard 45micron IS Sieve.
Temperature
The temperature of the room and the materials shall preferably be maintained at 27 +/-
2”C.
Apparatus
Sieve- The sieve frame shall be of non-corrodible material and shall be circular 50 +/- 5 mm
in diameter. The depth of the sieve from the top of the frame to the cloth shall be 75 +/- 5
mm. The frame shall have either sidewalls 90 +/- 5 mm in total height or legs of sufficient
length, 12.0 mm minimum, to allow air circulation beneath the sieve cloth. The sieve frame
shall be fitted with 45 micron stainless steel woven wire cloth sieve conforming to IS 460
(Part 1): 1985. The cloth shall be mounted in the frame without distortion, looseness or
34
wrinkling. For a sieve fabricated by soldering the cloth to the frame, the joint shall be made
smooth to prevent the cement from catching in the joints between the sieve cloth and frame.
Two-piece sieves shall clamp tightly on the cloth to prevent the cement from catching in the
joints between the sieve cloth and the frame.
Spray Nozzle - The spray nozzle shall be constructed with non-corrodible material and shall
be of 17.5 mm inside diameter with a central hole drilled in line with the longitudinal axis,
and intermediate row of eight holes drilled 6 mm center to center at an angle of 5 degree from
the longitudinal axis, and an outer row of eight holes drilled 11 mm centre to centre at an
angle of 10 degree from the longitudinal axis. All holes shall be of 0.5 mm diameter.
Pressure Gauge - The pressure gauge shall be of 75 mm minimum diameter and shall be
graduated in 0.01 N/mm3 increments and shall have a maximum capacity of 0.2 N/mm’ with
a marking at 0.07 N/mm. The accuracy at 0.07 N/mm2 shall be 0.005 N/mm2.
Balance - Analytical balance capable of reproducing results within 0.0002 g with an accuracy
of +/- 0.000 2 g.
NOTE -- Self indicating balance with equivalent accuracy may also be used.
Standard Weights
Oven
Calibration of 45 Micron Is Sieve
The calibration of the 45-micron sieve shall be made using standard reference material
(SRM) from National Council of Cement and Building Materials. Place 1.000 g of the SRM
on the clean dry 45 micron sieve and proceed as in “procedure” The sieve correction factor is
the difference between the test residue obtained and the assigned residue value indicated by
the electro-formed sheet sieve fineness specified for the standard sample, expressed as a
percentage of the test residue. The sieve shall be re-calibrated after every 100 determinations.
Example:
Residue on 45 micron IS Sieve of 14.0 percent SRM sample
Residue for a 1 g sample 0.140 g
Residue on Sieve being calibrated 0.105 g
Difference +0.035 g
Correction factor 0.35*100/0.105 = +33.3 %
Procedure
Place 1’000 g of sample of the cement on a clean, dry 45 micron IS Sieve. Wet the
sample thoroughly with a gentle stream of water. Remove the sieve from under the nozzle
and adjust the pressure on the spray nozzle to 0.07 +/- 0.005 N /mm2. Return the sieve to its
position under the nozzle and wash for one minute, moving the sieve with a circular motion
35
in a horizontal plane at the rate of one motion per second in the spray. The bottom of the
spray nozzle shall extend below the top of the sieve frame by about 12 mm. Immediately
upon removing the sieve from the spray, rinse once with 50 ml of distilled water, taking care
not to lose any of the residue, and then blot the lower surface gently upon a damp cloth. Dry
the sieve and residue in an oven or over a hot plate (see Note), supporting the sieve in such a
manner that air may pass freely beneath it. Cool the sieve, brush the residue from the sieve
and weigh.
NOTE - Care should be taken not to heat the sieve hot enough to soften the solder.
Calculation
Calculate the mass of the residue of the cement left on the standard 45 micron IS Sieve to the
nearest 0.1 percent as follows:
Rc= Rs x (100+C)
where
Rc = corrected residue in percent,
Rs = residue of the sample retained on the 45 micron IS Sieve in g, and
C = sieve correction factor which may be
Either plus or minus.
Example :
Sieve correction factor, C = + 33.3 percent

Residue from sample being tested, Rs = 0.092 g
Corrected residue = 0.092 x (100 + 33.3) = 12.3 percent
8. Water Reducing Admixture
Each container of admixture shall be legibly marked with the following information:
a) Identification of the source of manufacture,
b) Year and date of manufacture,
c) Type of admixture, that is, whether accelerating, retarding, water reducing, air
entraining, Normal super plasticizing or retarding super plasticizing,
d) Batch Number, and
e) Chloride ion content
Additional Information
The manufacturer in a printed form shall provide the following information

a) Physical State (that is, liquid or solid) and color;
36
b) Composition;
1) Generic type of main active constituent(s), for example, lignosulphonate, organic
hydroxycarboxylic acid or carbohydrate;
ii) Dry material content;
iii) Ash content;
iv) Relative density of liquid admixture;
v) Chloride iron content, expressed as a percentage by mass of total admixture;
c) The chloride ion content relative to the cement mass contributed by the recommended
dosage or dosages expressed as percentage by mass of chloride ion
d) Recommended storage conditions, maximum storage time before use and necessary safety
precautions, for example, toxic or corrosive
e) Any known incompatibility with other admixture or with certain types of cement etc.
r) The recommended dosage or dosages;
g) The effect of under dosage and over dosages; and
h) Expiry date.
8.2 Relative Density
Apparatus
Following apparatus shall be used:

a) Constant temperature bath,
b) Hydrometer, and
c) Measuring cylinder.
Procedure
Place about 400 ml of admixture in a 500 ml graduated cylinder avoiding the

formation of air bubbles in the liquid. Allow the temperature of the liquid to be 20 +/-5°C.
Hold the temperature of the stem and insert it into the liquid in the cylinder. Insert the
hydrometer into the cylinder in such a way that it floats-free and does not touch the side of
the cylinder. Release the hydrometer when approximately in the equilibrium position. When
it has reached the equilibrium read the scale at the bottom of the meniscus for transparent
liquids or where the meniscus merges with the stem of the hydrometer for opaque liquids to
report the relative density.
9. Ply wood for Concrete Shuttering
37
The following inspection shall be performed during delivery. The Manufacturer Shall
provide the MTC along with each delivery. The certificate shall cover all the test results as
per IS 4990.
1. Dimension
2. Edge straightness
3. Square ness
4. Nailing Test
Strike nails at minimum 3 locations in 3 samples, pull out with piler. Plywood shall
offer resistance while pulled.no delamination or extra chipping off at point of withdrawal.
9.2 DENSITY & MOISTURE CONTENT
Scope
This section covers the method of test for the determination of density and moisture
content of plywood by oven dry method.
Object
The object of this test is to determine the density of plywood, which is an indicator of
the properties of timber species. The determination of moisture content is necessary since it
has a bearing on several important mechanical properties of plywood.
Test Specimen
Each test specimen shall be of the full thickness of the material and 75 mm wide and
150 mm long. Smaller specimens may be used when deemed necessary. The dimensions of
the test specimens shall be measured to an accuracy of not less than ± 0.3 percent.
APPARATUS
Oven — An oven that can be maintained at a temperature of 103 ± 2°C through the drying
chamber for the time required to dry the specimen to constant mass. It may require forced air
circulation to maintain uniform temperature. Oven shall be vented to allow the evaporated
moisture to escape.
Balance — A balance to weigh a specimen within ± 0.2 percent. The accuracy and sensitivity
of the weighing balance shall be checked frequently.
Procedure
38
The test specimen shall be weighed. The specimen shall then be dried in an oven at a
temperature of 103 ± 2°C until approximately constant mass is obtained. The specimen shall
be weighed to an accuracy of not less than ± 0.2 percent.
Calculation
The density shall be calculated as follows:
Mo
Density, in g/cm3 =
Lwt
where
Mo = oven dry mass of specimen in g,
L = length of the specimen in cm,
w = width of the specimen in cm, and
t = thickness of the specimen in cm.
Moisture Content — the moisture content shall be calculated as follows:
M 1−Mo
Moisture content, percent =
Mo
M1 = initial mass of specimen, and
Mo = oven-dry mass of specimen.
Precautions
Care shall be taken to prevent any change in moisture content between the cutting of
the sample and first weighing and between the removal from the oven and subsequent
weighing. The specimen may be wrapped in an aluminum foil or polyethylene film to prevent
moisture changes after cutting between consecutive weighing.
NOTE 1 — The moisture content and density, as determined by this method, are the average
values for the entire specimen. In plywood made up of thin veneers, that is, less than 0.8 mm
in thickness, the glue may constitute a significant part of the total mass and as a result the
calculated density and moisture content may vary substantially from the true values for the
veneers. In some instances, it may be desirable to consider this.
NOTE 2 — The density so obtained is based on the volume at test and mass when oven-dry.
If desired, the density may be obtained on an oven-dry mass and volume basis. In each
instance, the basis of the density value with respect to volume and moisture conditions shall
be stated.
10. LAMINATED VENEER LUMBER (LVL) RUNNER
39
Test Samples
For purposes of tests, samples shall be drawn at random from a batch as given below:
Size of Batch No of
pieces to
be selected
Less than 50 2
51 to 100 4
101 to 200 5
201 to 250 6
251 to 500 7
The pieces selected as samples for test shall contain joints in case the pieces in the batch
represented contain joints.
Dimensions
Dimensions of LVL composite supplied shall be inclusive of margin required for

dressing and finishing over and above the size of finished component desired, unless finished
components (ready for painting) are ordered.
The tolerance shall be as follows.

Width & Thickness +3 mm & -0 mm
Length +12 mm & -0 mm
Workmanship and Finish
The following defects shall be permissible in the manufactured LVL:
o Jointing gaps - Not more than 3 mm wide, provided they are well staggered in their
spacing and position between the successive plies.
o Slope of grain – Not exceeding 1 in 10 in the face layers.
o Tight knot - Three numbers up to 25mm diameter in one square meter provided they
are spaced 300mm or more apart.
o Warp - Not exceeding 1.5 mm per meter Length
40
The average moisture content of three test specimens, when determined in accordance
with section 9.2, shall be between 5 to 15 percent.
10.3 Determination of Swelling in Water
Scope
This section covers method of determination of swelling in water of LVL Runners
Test Specimen
The test specimens shall be prepared and conditioned as specified in below. Each test
specimen shall be 200 X 100 mm and shall be of the thickness of the board.
Procedure
The thickness at the edge of each test specimen shall be measured to an accuracy of
0.01 mm at three places along one long edge approximately 50mm 100mm and 150mm from
one end. The points at which the thicknesses are measured shall be clearly and indelibly
Marked. The same long edge of the test specimens shall be placed in the jig shown in Fig and
the dial reading shall be recorded.
5mm flat surface, Center 5mm

from Face A & 5 mm from face B
Fig . Jig used in the Measurement of changes in length
Each test specimen shall be immersed in fresh clean water having a temperature of 27
± 2°C, the water being renewed for each test. The short edges of the test specimens shall be
vertical, with the measured edges lower most, and the test specimen shall be separated by at
least 15 mm from each other and from the bottom and sides of the container. They shall be
covered by approximately 25 mm of water.
At the end of 2 hours or such other period as may be specified, each test specimen
shall be withdrawn from the water, wiped with a damp cloth and allowed to stand under
normal room conditions for 1 hour with its bottom edge on a non-absorbent surface, such as a
41
glass sheet. The thickness of each test specimen shall then be re measured at the same points
as before and to the same degree of accuracy and the increases shall be recorded. The
increased length of the measured edge shall be ascertained by use of the jig shown in Fig
Report
The average of the three values obtained for the change in thickness expressed as a
percentage of the original average thickness shall be reported as the swelling value. The
increase in length of the measured edge shall be reported as a percentage of the nominal
length of the test specimen.
11. Silver wood Runner
11.1 Sampling & Dimension
Sampling shall be as follows
Size of Batch No of
pieces to
be selected
Up to 100 2
101 to 250 3
251 to 500 4
Dimensions
Width - +12.5 & -5 mm

Thickness - +5mm & -5mm
Length - +25mm & -10mm
Straightness/Flatness – deviation not more than 10mm
The average moisture content of three test specimens, when determined in accordance
with section 9.2, shall be between 5 to 15 percent.
12. SOLID CONCRETE BLOCKS
42
The blocks required for carrying out the tests laid down in this standard shall be taken
by one of the methods given below. In either case, a sample of 14 blocks shall be taken from
every lot/consignment of 5000 blocks or part thereof from the same grade, size and same
batch of manufacture.
The required number of blocks shall be taken at regular intervals during the loading of
the vehicle or the unloading of the vehicle depending on whether sample is to be taken before
delivery or after delivery. When this is not practicable, the sample shall be taken from the
stack in which case the required number of blocks shall be taken at random from across the
top of the stacks, the sides accessible and from the interior of the Stacks by opening trenches
from the top.
The sample of blocks shall be marked for future identification of the consignment it
represents. The blocks shall be kept under cover and protected from extreme conditions of
temperature, relative humidity and wind until they are required for test. The tests shall be
undertaken as soon as practicable after the sample has been taken.
12.2 Physical Requirements
General
All units shall be sound and free of cracks or other defects, which interfere with the
proper placing of the unit or impair the strength or performance of the construction. Minor
chipping resulting from the customary methods of handling during delivery, shall not be
deemed grounds for rejection.
Where units are to be used in exposed wall construction, the face or faces that are to
be exposed shall be free of chips, cracks, or other imperfections, except that if not more than
5 percent of a consignment contains slight cracks or small chippings not larger than 25 mm,
this shall not be deemed grounds for rejection.
Number of Tests
All the 14 blocks shall be checked for dimensions and inspected for visual defects.
Out of the 14 blocks, 3 blocks shall be subjected to the test for block density 8 blocks to the
test for compressive strength, 3 blocks to the test for water absorption,
Manufacturer’s Certificate
The manufacturer shall satisfi himself that the masonry units conform to the
requirements of this standard and, if requested, shall supply a certificate to this effect to the
purchaser or his representative.
12.2 Measurement of Dimensions
Apparatus
43
Overall dimensions shall be measured with a steel scale graduated in 1 mm divisions.
Face shell and web thickness shall be measured with a caliper rule graduated in 0.5 mm
divisions and having parallel jaws not less than 15 mm and not more than 25 mm in length.
Note : Concrete block, hollow (open or closed cavity) or solid shall be referred to by
its nominal dimensions. The term nominal means that the dimension includes the thickness of
the mortar joint. Actual dimensions (length and depth only) shall be 10 mm short of the
nominal dimensions.
Specimens
14 full size units shall be measured for length, width and height. Cored units shall also
be measured for minimum thickness of face shells and webs.
NOTE — these specimens shall be used for other test also.
Measurements and Report
Individual measurements of the dimensions of each unit shall be read to the nearest
division of the scale or caliper and the average recorded.
Length shall be measured on the longitudinal center line of each face, width across the
top and bottom bearing surfaces at mid length, and height on both faces at mid length. Face-
shell thickness and web thickness shall be measured at the thinnest point of each such
element 15mm above the mortar-bed plane. Where opposite face-shells differ in thickness by
less than 3 mm, their measurements shall be averaged. Sash grooves, dummy joints, and
similar details shall be disregarded in the measurements.
The report shall show the average length, width and height of each specimen, and the
minimum face-shell and web thickness and total web thickness in 200 mm length of walling
per course as an average for the 14 specimens.
12.3 Determination of Block Density
Procedure
Three blocks taken at random from the samples selected in accordance with Sampling
section, shall be dried to constant mass in a suitable oven heated to approximately 100°C.
After cooling to Room temperature, the dimensions of each block shall be measured in
centimeters (to the nearest millimeter) and the overall volume computed in cubic centimeters.
The blocks shall than be weighed in kilograms (to the nearest 10 g) and the density of each
block shall be calculated as follows.
44
Massof Block ∈Kg
Density = X 106 kg /m 3
Volumn of Specimen∈cm3
The average of the three blocks shall be taken as the average density.
12.4 Determination of Compressive Strength

.
Apparatus
Testing Machine - The testing machine shall be equipped with two steel bearing blocks (see
Note) one of which is a spherically seated block that will transmit load to the upper surface of
the masonry specimen, and the other a plane rigid block on which the specimen will rest.
When the bearing area of the steel blocks is not sufficient to cover the bearing area of the
masonry specimen, steel bearing plates meeting the requirements specified in “Steel Bearing
Blocks and plates” shall be placed between the bearing blocks and the capped specimen after
the centroid of the masonry bearing surface has been aligned with the center of thrust of the
bearing blocks (see positioning of specimen).
NOTE — It is desirable that the bearing faces of blocks and plates used for compression
testing of concrete masonry have a hardened of not less than 60 (HRC).
Steel Bearing Blocks and Plates - The surfaces of the steel bearing blocks and plates shall
not depart from a plane by more than 0.025 mm in any 15 mm dimension. The center of the
sphere of the spherically seated upper bearing block shall coincide with the center of its
bearing face. If a bearing plate is used, the center of the sphere of the spherically seated
bearing block shall lie on a line passing vertically through the centroid of the specimen
bearing face. The spherically seated block shall be held closely in its seat, but shall be free to
turn in any direction. The diameter of the face of the bearing blocks shall be at least 15 cm.
When steel plates are employed between the steel bearing blocks and masonry specimen (see
positioning of specimen) the plates shall have a thickness equal to at least one-third of the
distance from the edge of the bearing block to the most distant corner of the specimen. In no
case shall the plate thickness be less than 12 mm.
Test Specimens
Each full size units shall be tested within 72 h after delivery to the laboratory, during
which time they shall be stored continuously in normal room air.
Units of unusual size, shape, or strength may be sawed into segments, some or all of
which shall be tested individually in the same manner as prescribed for full size units. The
strength of the full size units shall be considered as that which is calculated from the average
measured strength of the segments.
For the purpose of acceptance, age of the testing the specimens shall be 28 days. The
age shall be reckoned from the time of the addition of water to the dry ingredients.
45
Procedure
Positioning of Specimens
Specimens shall be tested with the centroid of their bearing surfaces aligned vertically
with the centre of thrust of the spherically seated block of the testing machine (see Note).
Except for special units intended for use with their cores in a horizontal direction, all hollow
concrete masonry units shall be tested with their cores in a vertical direction. -Masonry units
that are hundred percent solid and special hollow units intended for use with their hollow
cores in a horizontal direction may be tested in the same direction as in service.
NOTE — for homogeneous materials, the centroid of the bearing surface shall be considered
to be vertically above the center of gravity of the masonry units.
Speed of Testing
The load up to one-half of the expected maximum load may be applied at any
convenient rate, after which the control of the machine shall be adjusted as required to give a
uniform rate of travel of the moving head such that the remaining load is applied in not less
than one nor more than two minutes.
Calculation and Report
The compressive strength of a concrete masonry unit shall be taken as the maximum
load, in Newton, divided by the gross cross-sectional area of the unit, in square millimeters.
The gross area of a unit is the total area of a section perpendicular to the direction of the load,
including areas within cells and within re-entrant spaces unless these spaces are to be
occupied in the masonry by portions of adjacent masonry.
Report be results to the nearest 0.1 N/mm2 separately for each unit and is the average
for the 8 units.
12.5 Determination of Water Absorption
Apparatus
The balance used shall be sensitive to within 0.5 percent of the mass of the smallest
specimen tested. Three full-size units shall be used.
Procedure
Saturation
46
The test specimens shall be completely immersed in water at room temperature for 24
h. The specimens shall then be weighed, while suspended by a metal wire and completely
submerged in water. They shall be removed from the water and allowed to drain for one
minute by placing them on a 10 mm or coarser wire mesh, visible surface water being
removed with a damp cloth and immediately weighed.
Drying
Subsequent to saturation, all specimens shall be dried in a ventilated oven at 100°C to

115°C for not less than 24 h and until two successive weighing at intervals of 2 h show an
increment of loss not greater than 0.2 percent of the last previously determined mass of the
specimen.
Calculation and Report
Calculate the water absorption as follows:
A−B
Water absorption, kg/m3 = X 1000
A−C
A−B
Water absorption, percent = X 100
B
where
A - Wet mass of units, in kg;

B - Dry mass of units, in kg; and
C - Suspended immersed mass of units, in kg.
Report
Report all results separately for each unit and as the average for the three units.
13. Autoclaved Aerated Concrete Blocks (AAC)
General
All units shall be sound and free of cracks or other defects, which interfere with the
proper placing of unit or impair the strength or performance of the construction. Minor
chipping resulting from the customary methods of handling during delivery, shall not be
deemed grounds for rejection.
47
Where units are to be used in exposed wall construction, the face or faces that are to be
expelled shall be free of chips, cracks, or other imperfections, except that if not more than 5
percent of a consignment contains slight cracks or small chipping not larger than 25 mm, this
shall not be deemed grounds for rejection.
SAMPLING
Lot - In any consignment, all the blocks of the same size and from the same batch of
manufacture shall be grouped together into a minimum number of groups of 10,000 blocks or
less. Each such group shall constitute a lot.
From each lot a sample of 24 blocks shall be selected at random. In order to ensure
randomness of selection, the entire block in the lot may be arranged in a serial order. Starting
from any random block every ‘r’th block may be selected until the requisite number is
obtained, r being the integral part of N/24, where N is the lot size.
The required number of blocks shall be taken at regular intervals during the loading of
the vehicle or the unloading of the vehicle depending on whether sample is to be taken before
delivery or after delivery. When this is not practicable, the sample shall be taken from the
stack in which case the required number of blocks shall be taken at random from across the
top of the stacks, the sides accessible and from the interior of the stacks by opening trenches
from the top.
The sample of blocks shall be marked for future identification of the consignment it
represents. The blocks shall be kept under cover and protected from extreme conditions of
temperature, relative humidity and wind until. They are required for test. The tests shall be
undertaken as soon as practicable after the sample has been taken.
Number of Tests
All the 24 blocks shall be checked for dimensions and inspected for visual defects.
Out of the 24 blocks, 12 blocks shall be subjected to the test for compressive strength, 3
blocks to the test for density, 3 blocks to the test for thermal conductivity, and 3 blocks to the
test for drying shrinkage. The remaining 3 blocks shall be reserved for re-test for drying
shrinkage if a need arises.
13.2. Dimensions & Tolerance
Concrete masonry building units shall be made in sizes and shapes to fit different
construction needs. They include stretcher, corner, double corner or pier, jamb, header, bull
nose, and partition block, and concrete floor units.
Concrete block shall be referred to by its nominal dimensions. The term ‘nominal’
means that the dimension includes the thickness of the mortar joint. Actual dimensions shall
48
be 10 mm short of the nominal dimensions (or 6 mm short in special cases where finer
jointing specified).
The nominal dimensions of the concrete block shall be as follows:

Length 400,500 or 600mm
Height 200,250 or 360 mm
Width 100,150,200 or 250 mm
In addition, block shall be manufactured in half-lengths of 200,250 or 300 mm to

correspond to the full lengths. The nominal dimensions of the units are so designed that
taking account of the thickness of mortar joints, they will produce wall lengths and heights
which will conform to the principles of modular co-ordination.
Blocks of sizes other than those specified above may also be used if so specified. In
the case of special concrete masonry units such as jallie or screen wall block and ornamental
block, the specified sizes may not necessarily apply.
The maximum variation in the length of the units shall not be more than +/- 5 mm and
the maximum variation in the height and width of unit, not more than +-/ 3 mm
Subject to the tolerances specified above and below the faces of masonry units shall
be flat and rectangular, opposite faces shall be parallel, and all arises shall be square. The
bedding surfaces Shall be at right angles to the faces of the blocks.
Blocks with Special Faces -Blocks with special faces shall be manufactured and supplied if
so specified.
13.3 Determination of Density & Moisture Content
Scope
This section covers the methods determining the following

a) Unit weight or bulk density of autoclave cellular concrete products, determined as the ratio
between the weight of the specimen after drying at 105°C and volume of the specimen;
b) Moisture content of autoclaved cellular concrete products.
Test Specimen
Shape of the specimen - The bulk density and moisture content shall be determined
on regularly shaped specimens (without reinforcement) with a minimum thickness of 50 mm.
The two large surfaces of the specimen located opposite each other shall have a surface area
at least 20000 mm2 each and the Length of the edge shall not be less than 100 mm.
NOTE 1 -A specimen of size 100 x 200 x 50 mm will meet the above requirements.
49
NOTE 2 - whenever feasible, the specimens used for determination of bulk density and
moisture content, and the specimen for determination of compressive strength should.be cut
from the same sample of cellular concrete product.
Location of Specimen - From each sample for which the density is to be determined, three
test specimens shall be taken, and these shall form the test series. One specimen shall be
taken from the upper third of the sample, one from the middle and one from the lower
section. The position of the specimen is with reference to the direction of rise in aerated
concrete mass during manufacture.
It is permissible to prepare the specimens from items, which have previously been
used for other tests provided the specimens are not cut within a distance of at least 15 cm
from an area where visible damage or changes in the normal structure and appearance have
occurred. The specimen shall not contain any reinforcement.
Preparation of specimens - The specimens shall be cut by rotating carborundum blade or

similar device all surfaces shall be clean cut and plane. The largest surface shall not deviate
from planeness by more than 0.1 mm, if measured diagonally with a straightedge.
Apparatus
Straightedge - approximately 500 mm long.

Caliper - allows readings to an accuracy of 0.1 mm.
Drying Oven - for a temperature of 105 +/- 5°C.
Balance - with a weighing accuracy of 0.5 g.
Procedure
Bulk Density
Measurement of Specimens - Length, width and thickness shall be measured before drying
at 105°C with an accuracy of 0.1 mm using a suitable caliper. These measurements shall
permit the determination of the volume V of the specimen with an error not exceeding one
percent.
Drying of Samples - After measuring, the specimens shall be placed in drying oven at 105
+/- 5°C until all moisture has been removed and constent weight is obtained. Immediately
after removing from the drying oven, the specimens shall. Be weighed (see Note). The
weighing error shall not exceed 0.1 percent of the weight of the specimen. The weight W of
the specimen shall be considered constant if the weight after four hours further drying has not
changed more than 0.2 percent.
50
NOTE - To facilitate handling, the specimen after removal from the oven, May be cooled to
room temperature in a suitable desiccator and weighed immediately
Moisture Content
Weighing of Specimen - The specimen shall be weighed. The weighing error shall not
exceed 0.1 percent. This weight shall be designated W1
After weighing, the specimen shall be dried out at 105 +/- 5°C until constant weight is
obtained within a duration of four hours. Immediately after removing from the drying oven,
the specimen shall be weighed (if necessary by cooling to room temperature in a suitable
desiccator), and weight W obtained.
Calculations
The bulk density shall be calculated as follows:
W
Bulk Density = (g/cm3)
V
Where
W = dry weight of the specimen in g, and
v = volume in Cm3
Bulk density of the individual specimens shall be calculated and reported within the
three decimal places, the mean value of the three specimens shall be within two decimal
places.
Moisture content F in weight, percent of the dry material, shall be determined as follows:
W 1−W
Moisture Content F = X 100
W
Where
W1 = sampled weight of the specimen in g,
W = dry weight of the specimen in g.
Moisture content of individual specimen shall be stated in whole percent, and the
mean value of three specimens shall be stated in whole percent.
Report
The report shall include the following:
51
o Code designation;
o Identification of product;
o Date of manufacture;
o Place, method and time of sampling;
o Bulk density of each specimen and mean value of test series; and
o Moisture content of each specimen and mean value of test series.
13.4 Determination of Compressive Strength
Scope
This section covers the method for determining the compressive strength of
autoclaved cellular concrete products using cubes.
Test Specimens
Size of Specimens - Compressive strength shall be determined on cubes with an edge length
of 15 cm. When the specimens are taken from samples of smaller thickness, cubes may be
built up, without gluing, of two or three plane, ground square slices of thickness 7.5 cm and 5
cm respectively. In such cases, the direction of compression during testing shall be
perpendicular to the broad faces (plane surfaces) of these slices.
Specimens may be prepared from items which have previously been used for other
tests, provided the specimens are cut at least 15 cm from an area where visible damage or
changes to the normal structure and appearance have occurred.
Number of Specimens - For every sample that is to be tested for compressive strength, three
cubes shall be taken and these shall form a test series. Wherever possible, one cube shall be
prepared from the upper third of the sample, one from the middle and one from the lower
section determined in the direction of rise of the concrete mass during manufacture,
Preparation of Specimens - The specimens shall be cut by means of rotating blades of steel
or Carborundum, or similar devices. The pieces shall not contain reinforcement rods. All
surfaces shall be clean cut and -plane. Particular care shall be taken that the pressure faces of
the cubes that is, the faces which are in contact with the platens of the test machine do not
deviate from planeness by more than 0.1 mm. The same accuracy shall apply to the joint
faces if the cubes are made up of several slices as mentioned in “Size of Specimen”.
Planeness shall be checked across the two diagonals using a straight-edge. Deviations shall be
corrected by means of dry grinding, milling or a similar process.
Grinding the Specimen - For plane-grinding of the cubes, slab of sandstone or Carborundum
shall be used as a grinding medium. While grinding the slab is kept horizontal and is
52
continuously flushed with water. ‘The grinding operation consists of continuous and uniform
circular movements of the test cube on the grinding slab. It shall be ensured that all the
surfaces of the slab are used in order to avoid an uneven wearing of the same. The cube shall
be pressed hard against the slab to ensure even grinding. The operation is continued until the
cube, after checking by a steel ruler against light, appears to be even. The best results are
obtained by dragging the ruler slowly, along the cube surface, first parallel to one diagonal
and then to the other. Before checking, all the dust from the surface of the cube shall be
wiped out; otherwise, a thin layer may conceal unevenness of the surface. Having ground one
series of cubes, grinding of another will be started. By the time the second lot is ground the
surfaces of the cubes of first lot shall have dried out and flaws, if any, in the exactness of the
grinding, which were invisible, as long as the cube remained wet can be detected. Such cubes
shall be repaired by regrinding.
Conditioning - Prior to testing, the specimens shall be conditioned to a moisture content

between 10 +/- 2 percent by weight as average of three cubes and not less than 7 percent for
any one of the cubes, calculated on dry weight at 105°C. If drying is necessary, it shall be
conducted at a temperature not exceeding 50°C. After drying and prior to testing the
specimens shall be stored at room temperature until temperature equilibrium has been
reached.
NOTE -Five hours storage at room temperature is generally sufficient if the drying
temperature applied has been 50°C.
Testing Equipment
Compression Testing Machine - shall preferably be hydraulically operated and shall permit
reading of ultimate load with a maximum error of +/- 2 percent. The machine shall be
equipped with suitable controls to comply as described in “Testing Under Compressed load”
Caliper - shall be capable of readings with an accuracy of 0.1 mm. The measuring faces shall
have an area of at least 50 mm.
Straight-Edge
Balance - shall have a weighing accuracy of 0.5 g.
Drying Oven - shall be capable of maintaining temperatures at 105 +/- 5°C and 50 +/- 5°C.
Procedure
Determination of Density of Specimens under Test Conditions
The specimens shall be weighed and measured according to the procedure described
in section 13.3. Dimensions of the pressure surfaces shall be measured with an accuracy of
+/- 0.1 mm.
Testing Under Compression Load - The cubes shall be placed in the compression
machine and load applied perpendicular to the direction of the slices from which the cube
53
thickness has been built up. For cubes, which have been prepared in one piece, the direction
of load shall be perpendicular to the direction of rise of the mass during production.
The specimens shall be loaded at the rate of 0.5 to 2 kgf/cm2 in such a way that
failure occurs within 30 seconds.
Moisture Content at Testing - After loading, the specimens shall be weighed and dried
out at 105 +/- 5°C until constant weight is obtained as described in the procedure for
determining the bulk density of aerated concrete section 13.3
Calculations
The moisture content F of the dry material shall be determined according to the following
equation:
∆W
F= X 100 percent
W
where
∆W = weight loss during drying in g, and
W = weight of the dried out sample in g.
The compressive strength σcu follows:
L
σcu = kgf/cm2
A
Where
L = breaking load in kgf, and
A = area in ems over which load L was applied.
The bulk density γV ( of dry material ) shall be calculated from the

following equation:
W1
γV = /V g/cm3
1± 0.01 F
Where
W1 = weight of the cube in g prior to testing,
F = moisture content in percent at the time of testing, and
V = volume in cm3 at the time of testing.
Moisture content of each specimen shall be stated in whole percent, the compressive
strength in whole kgf/cm2 and the bulk density with three decimals. The mean values shall be
54
stated in whole percent, moisture content in whole kg/cm2 and the bulk density with two
decimals.
Report
The report shall include the following:

a) Code designation:
b) Identification of product and its size;
c) Date of manufacture or other code;
d) Place, method and time of sampling;
e) Compressive strength, bulk density and moisture content of Individual cubes and average
f) Drying temperature prior to test, if drying at elevated temperature has been applied
14 Integral Water Proofing Compound
14.1 Setting Time
The setting time of the cement admixed with the recommended proportion of the
waterproofing compound when tested according to section 6.3. Keeping time of gauging not
less than 5 min nor more than 6 min shall conform to the following requirements:
a) Initial setting time —not less than 30 min nor the reduction in the initial setting
time shall be more than 25 percent of the actual initial setting time of cement used for
testing.
b) Final setting time—not more than 600 min nor the increase in the final setting time
shall be more than 25 percent of the actual final setting time of cement used for
testing.
14.2 Compressive -Strength
The average compressive strength of 3 mortar cubes, prepared, stored and tested in
accordance with the method described section 6.4, using the recommended proportion of
integral waterproofing compound as admixture to the cement shall be as follows:
a) Compressive strength at 3 days (72 +/- 1 h) – Not less than the minimum specified 3
days compressive strength of the grade of ordinary Portland cement used nor less than
90 percent of the 3 days compressive strength of mortar cubes prepared with same
cement and sand only.
b) Compressive strength at 7 days (168+/- 2 h) – Not less the minimum specified 7 days
compressive strength of the grade of ordinary Portland cement used nor less than 90
percent of the 7 days compressive strength of mortar cubes prepared with same
cement and sand only.
55
15. Non-Shrink Cementitious Grout
Cast nine cubes from supplied lot and do water curing. Cubes must achieve
Recommended compressive strength a per manufacturer specification at 3, 7, 28 days. The
samples shall be prepared and tested be in accordance with the section 6.3.
16. Curing Compound
Cast two sets (6+6) of concrete cubes of selected grade. Do normal curing on one set.
In another set, apply curing compound on all faces and subject to air curing. Test two cubes
from each set at 3, 7, 28 days. Cubes must attain target mean strength of grade of cube cast.
17. Ceramic & Verified Tiles
17.1 Dimensions
Scope
This section covers methods for determining the dimensional characteristics (length,
width, thickness, and the surface quality of all ceramic tiles & Verified tiles
Tiles with area less than400 mm2 are excluded from measurements of length, width,
thickness, straightness of sides, rectangularity, and surface flatness.
Spacer lugs, glaze bobs and other irregularities of the sides shall be ignored when
measuring length, width, and straightness of sides, rectangularity if these are subsequently
hidden in the joints after fixing.
17.1.1Measurements of Length and Width
Apparatus
Vernier calipers or other suitable apparatus for linear measurement.
Test Specimens - Ten whole tiles in each type shall be tested.
56
Procedure
Measure each side of the tile under test at positions 5 mm from the corners.
Measurements shall be made to the nearest 0.1 mm.
The average dimension of square tiles is the average of four measurements. The
average dimension of the samples the average of 40 measurements. For oblong tiles, each
similar pair of sides of a tile provides the appropriate average dimension of the tile, an
average of two measurements. The average dimensions for lengthvand width are the average
of 20 measurements each.
Test Report
The test report shall contain the following:

a) Description of the tiles;
b) All measurements of length and width;
c) Average size of each test specimen for square tiles; and the average length and width for
each oblong tile;
d) Average size of 10 test specimens for square tiles and the average length and width of
oblong tiles
e) Deviation in percent of the average size of each tile (2 or 4 sides) from the work size; and
f) Deviation in percent of the average size of each tile (2 or 4 sides) from the average size of
the 10 test specimens (20 or 40 sides).
17.1.2 Measurements of Thickness
Apparatus
Micrometer screw gauge with anvils of 5 mm to 10mm diameter, or other suitable

apparatus.
Test Specimens – Ten whole tiles in each type shall be tested.
Procedure
For all tiles except split tiles, draw diagonals between the corners and measure the
thickness at the thickest point within each of the four segments. Measure the thickness of
each tile under test in four positions to an accuracy of 0.1 mm.
For split tiles, draw four lines at right angles across the extruded projections at
distance of 1/8, 3/8, 5/8, 7/8 of the length measured from the end. Measure the thickness at
the thickest point on each line.
57
For all tiles, the average thickness of each individual tile is the average of four
measurements. The average thickness of the sample is the average of 40 measurements.
Test Report

b) All measurements of thickness;
c) Average thickness of each test specimen; and
d) Deviation in percent of the average thickness of each tile (2 or 4 sides) from the work size
thickness.
17.2 Surface Quality
Surface Defects and Intentional Effects
Criteria for assessing the surface quality of glaze, engobed and unglazed tiles are as
follows:
a) Cracks.
b) Crazing,
c) Short glazing,
d) Unevenness,
e) Depressions,
f) Holes,
g) Glaze devitrification,
h) Specks and spots,
j) Under glaze faults,
k) Decorating faults,
m) Shading,
n) Nipped edges, and
p) Nipped comers.
In order to judge whether an intentional decorative effect is acceptable or is a defect;
see the relevant clause of the product standard. Cracks, nipped edges and nipped comers
cannot be intentional effects.
Apparatus
o Fluorescent Lighting of Color Temperature 6000K to 6500 K,
58
o Meter Rule or Other Suitable Means of Measuring Distance,
o Light Meter
Test Specimens
At least I m2 with a minimum of 30 tiles shall be tested.
Procedure
Place the tiles with the proper surface under observation so that they can be viewed
normally at a distance of 1 m. Illuminate them with an even light intensity of 300 lux at the
surface of the tiles and check the light intensity at the center and each comer of the area of
tiles under test,
View the tiles with naked eye (with the aid of a spectacle, if usually worn).
Preparation of the test area and the viewing of the test shall not be performed by the
same person.
Intentional effects in the surface shall not be regarded as defects.
Expression or Results
Surface quality is expressed as the percentage of tiles without defects.
Test Report

b) Number of tiles tested including the area of tiles tested;
c) Assessment criteria used; and
d) Percentage of tiles without defects.
17.3 Determination of Water Absorption and Bulk Density
Scope
This section covers methods of test for determining the water absorption of all ceramic tiles.
Terminology
Water Absorption - The increase in mass (expressed as a percentage of the mass of the dry
material) of tiles which after determination of the dry mass are placed under water, then
59
boiled and, after wards, cooled during specified times while still completely immersed, taken
out of the water and reweighed after removing excess of water.
Apparatus
o Drying Oven - Capable of operation at about 110°C.

o Heating Apparatus - Constructed of suitable inert material, in which the boiling will
take place.
o Source or Heat
o Balance - Accurate to 0.01 percent of the mass of a test specimen.
o De-ionized or Distilled Water
o Desiccator
o Chamois Leather
o Wire Loop, Halter, and Basket - Capable of supporting specimens under water for
making suspended mass measurements.
Test Specimens
A sample for each type of tile under test shall consist of 10 whole tiles. If the proper
surface area of each individual tile is greater than 0.04 m2, then only five whole tiles shall be
used for the tests.
When the mass of each individual tile is below 50 g, a sufficient number of tiles shall
be taken so that each test specimen reaches a mass of 50 g to 100g.
Tiles with sides larger than 200 mm may be cut up, but all pieces shall be included in
the measurement. With polygonal and other non-rectangular tiles, the length and width shall
be those of the enclosing rectangles.
Procedure
Water Impregnation
Dry the tiles in the oven at 110 ± 5°C until constant mass is reached, that is, when the
difference between two successive weighing at intervals of 24 h is less than 0.1 percent.
Cool the tiles in the desiccator over silica gel or other suitable desiccant, but not an
acid, until cooled to room temperature.
Weigh each tile and record the results of the corresponding accuracy shown in Table
below
60
Sl no Mass of tiles (g) Accuracy of
Measurement (g)
1 0 to 100 0.02
2 101 to 500 0.05
3 501 to 1000 0.025
4 1001 to 3000 0.50
5 Above 3000 1.00
Place the tiles vertically, with no contact between them, in water in the heating
apparatus/water bath so that there is a depth of 50 mm water above and below the tiles.
Maintain the water level of 50mm above the tiles throughout the test.
Heat the water until boiling and continue to boil for 2 h. Then remove the source of
heat and allow the tiles to cool, still completely immerse in this water over night.
Remove the surface water from the tile pieces by chamois leather.
Immediately after this procedure weigh each tile and record the results to the same
accuracy as for the dry state.
Suspended Weight
After water impregnation of the test specimens, determine to the nearest 0.01 g the
mass m3, of each specimen while suspended in water. Perform the weighing by placing the
specimen in the wire loop, halter, or basket that is suspended from one arm of the balance.
Before actually weighing, counterbalance the scale with the wire loop, halter, and basket in
place and immerse in water to the same depth as is used when the specimens are in place.
Water Absorption
For each tile, calculate the water absorption as a percentage of the dry mass using the
expression:
m2−m1
X 100
m1
Where
m1 = mass of the dry tile; and
m2 = mass of the wet tile.
The results shall be given to the first decimal place.
Calculate the average water absorption of the sample as the average of the individual
results.
61
Bulk Density
Bulk density, B, in g/cm3, of a specimen is the quotient of its dry mass divided by the
exterior volume, including pores. Calculate the bulk density as follows:
m1
B=
V
Where
m1 = mass of the dry tile;

V = exterior volume, in cm3 (m2 – m1); and
m3 = mass of suspended tile impregnated by boiling water method.
NOTE – For determination of bulk density by boiling water method, the specimen size
should not be more than 0.01 m2 (100mmx100mm) to facilitate proper weighing of tile under
suspended conditions by boiling method.
Test Report

b) Water absorption and bulk density of each individual tile; and
c) Average water absorption and bulk density.
18. Tile Adhesive
18.1 Sieve analysis
The sieve analysis shall be done as per the procedure described in section 1.1, and the
flowing sieve set shall be used.
IS Sieve % of passing
2.36 mm Recode test
1.18 mm values
600 µ
300 µ
150 µ
90 µ
75 µ
53 µ
45 µ
38 µ
18.2 Adhesion Check – With Finger Traction
62
Adhesive shall show bonding property by elongation when fingers are stretched apart.
Dose not break immediately.
18.3 Adhesion check – By chiseling
Sampling at floor & wall shall be done without back buttering & tiles shall be
chiseled after 28 days. Part adhesive must stick to the tile background.
19. Door Frames
19.1.1 Lot
In any consignment all the frames of the same type, size and manufactured from the
Same species of wood under similar conditions or production shall be grouped together to
constitute a lot.
Samples shall be selected and tested from each lot separately to determine its
conformity or other wise to the requirements of the standard.
19.1.2 Sampling
2.1 The number, of frames to be selected at random from a lot for inspection shall
depend upon the size of the lot (the number of frames in the lot) and shall be in accordance
with following table.
2.2 The samples from the lot shall be selected at random and to ensure the
randomness of selection, procedures given in IS 4905: 1968 may be followed.
2.3 All the frames selected in the sample shall be inspected for material, dimensions
and tolerances and workmanship and finish.
Table: Sample Size and Permissible Number of Defectives
Lot Size Sample size Permissible

no of defects
Up to 50 8 0
51 to 100 13 1
101 to 150 20 2
151 to 300 32 3
301 to 500 50 5
501 and above 80 7
19.1.3 Criteria for Conformity
63
3.1 A frame, which is found not meeting any one or more of the requirements,
inspected as mentioned in 19.1.2-2.3 shall be considered as defective.
3.2 A lot shall be considered as conforming to the requirements of this standard in

case the n umber of defective frames found in the sample does not exceed the permissible
number of defectives given in col 3 of above Table
19.2 Dimensions, Sizes and Tolerance
19.2.1 Dimensions of Frames and Tolerances
1.1 The finished dimensions of timber sections in frames for door, windows and
ventilator shall be given in below Table subject to a general tolerance of +3, -0 mm for width
and +2, -3mm for thickness.
19.2.2 Sizes and Types
2.1Sizes and types of the door shutters shall generally conform to the modular sizes.
Sizes other than modular sizes, as agreed to between the manufacturer and the purchaser may
also be permitted.
Dimensions of Doors, Windows, & Ventilators

Requirements Dimensions mm
Window
width of the frame carrying one set Doo Ventilato
of shutters r Size > 120 cm Size < 120 cm r
1. for 35, 40 mm shutters 100 100 90 90
2. for 25, 30mm shutters 90 90 90 90

width of the frame carrying two set
of shutters
1. for 30, 35, 40 mm shutters 120 120 120 120
2. for 25 mm shutters 60 60 50 50
19.2.3 Finishes
3.1 Defective knots, when permitted on surfaces exposed to view, shall be completely
bored or cut out and tightly plugged with same timber species and properly glued in. the grain
of the plug shall run in the direction of the grain of the piece.
64
3.2 The unexposed surfaces in contact with either wall or lintel shall be properly
painted with coal tar patch (confirming IS 216:1961) before delivery,
3.3 All surfaces of door, window and ventilator Frames which art required to be
panned ultimately shall be covered evenly by brush painting with a priming coat of a wood
primer as specified in IS 3536 : 1966.
3.4 In the case of frames to be polished or varnished, a priming coat of suitable polish
or varnish shall be given before delivery,
NOTES
I priming alone dose not provide full protection against weather and, therefore, all work
should receive coats of paint, polish or varnish, as the case may be, within a reasonable
period. Any cut surface, particularly that exposing end grain should be primed before the
joinery is set in position.
2 When aluminum primer is used, the user should assure himself that it is of a type especially
prepared for this purpose. Unless suitable aluminum primers are used, it is not possible to
obtain satisfactory finish.
19.3 Visual Inspection
o Knots shall not be more than 3nos in a frame

o Width & depth of the knot not more than 1” & ½” respectively.
o Surface coming in contact with substrate must be applied with 2 coats of boiling coal
tar
19.4 Determination of Moisture Content
19.4.1 Scope
1.1 This section covers the following methods for determination of moisture content
of timber and timber products:
a) Oven-drying method,
b) Electrical moisture meter method
19.4.2 Determination of Moisture Content by Oven-Drying Method
2.1 General
2.1.1 The oven-drying method is the most reliable for determining the moisture
content of timber and timber products, except where certain timber species containing
65
volatile oils ( like deodar ) are involved. The method is, however, time consuming and
requires cutting of the timber to be tested.
2.2 Sampling
2.2.2 Test samples shall be selected which are representative of the species,
dimensions, quality and moisture contents in the lot. The number of samples to be tested
depends upon the size of the lot and the variations that are, or are likely to be present in its
composition, quality and moisture content between the individual pieces. For random
sampling method IS 4905: 1968 may be referred to. The samples shall be selected as follows.
2.2.3 In case of timber of uniform species and cross-section, the number of samples
selected shall be as follows:
At least 3 samples from lots of volume up to 5 m3
At least 2 samples for every 5 m3 lots of volume ranging above 5 m3 and up to 50
m3, and
At least 20 samples per each 50 m3 but not more than 100 m3 out of each lot, from
the lots of volume more than 50 m3.
NOTE - For timber in stacks, sampling shall preferably be done evenly along the solid
diagonal of the stacks, otherwise random sampling shall be done. The number of samples
selected in either case shall be the same as specified in19.4.2 - 2.2.3
2.2.4 In case of timber products to be tested by oven-drying method, samples shall be

selected as follows:
At least 3 samples from lots containing up to 200 pieces,
At least 2 samples for each 200 pieces from lots containing over 200 and up to 1 000
pieces, and
At least 10 samples per each 1 000 pieces but not more than 50 out of each lot from
lots containing more than 1000 pieces.
2.3 Apparatus
a) Scales with weighing accuracy of 10 mg,

b) Ventilated and preferably thermostatically controlled oven for drying timber at 103
+/- 2°C,
c) Desiccators with anhydrous calcium chloride ( CaCI3 ) or phosphorus pentoxide, and
d) Sealable weighing bottles.
2.4 Test Specimens
2.4.1 Test specimens consisting of a cross section, 15 mm to 20 mm long in the

direction of the grain, free from all defects, shall be cut from each sample selected for tests in
66
accordance with 2.4.2 to 2.4.4 of 19.4.2. In case of timber products, the test specimen shall be
cut from the portion of the maximum cross-section.
2.4.2 If weighing can be done immediately, the test specimens shall be cut from a
point at least 450 mm from one end of the sample or from its center.
2.4.3 If weighing cannot be done immediately, a piece of 300 mm long shall be cut at
a distance: not less than 450 mm from one end of the sample or from its centre. This piece
shall be protected from changes in moisture content by wrapping in waxed paper, polythene
sheeting or aluminum foil and stored in a cool and dry place. Within 24 hours, the test
specimen as given in 2.4.1 of 19.4.2 shall be cut from the center of this piece
2.4.4 If the samples are less than 1 m long, the test specimens shall be cut from their
center. In case the timber sample is more than 75 mm in thickness, the full piece as cut in
accordance with 2.4.1 of 19.4.2 should be further cut into three pieces and moisture content
of these three pieces, taking them as a single unit, shall be taken.
2.5 Procedure
2.5.1 Immediately after each test specimen is cut and loose splinters and sawdust are
removed by brushing or scraping, it shall be weighed correct to 0.01 g if its mass is less than
50 g and 0.1 g if the mass is 50 g or over. If immediate weighing is not possible, each test
specimen shall be stored in a separate, pre-weighed, sealed weighing bottle, and weighing
completed within a hour Of storage.
2.5.2 The weighed test specimens shall be ovend ried at 103 +/- 2°C for a sufficient
period, usually 12-18 hours and two or three control pieces shall then be weighed and
returned to the oven for further drying. Successive mass of these control pieces shall then be
taken after every 2-3 hours. When changes in successive mass cease to be less than 0.02 g for
test specimens having initial mass less than 50 g, and less than 0.1 g for test specimens with
initial mass over or equal to 50 g, all the test specimens shall be considered to have been
completely oven-dried. The oven-dry mass of all the test specimens shall now be determined
directly after removing from the oven, or after cooling them in desiccators to near room
temperature if better accuracy is desired. The precision of weighing prescribed in 2.5.1 of
19.4.2 shall be observed for oven-dry masses also.
2.5.3 No fresh test specimens belonging to another lot shall be loaded into the drying
oven when test specimens from the lot being tested are nearly dry and ready for
determination of their oven-dry masses.
2.5.4 Great care shall be taken to prevent any change in moisture content between the
cutting of the test specimen and the first weighing, and between the removal from the oven
and subsequent weighing.
2.5.5 Timber species containing excessive amounts of volatile oils shall be tested by
the distillation method described below.
67
2.6 Borings
2.6.1 In case, cutting of specimen from the selected samples is not possible, the
moisture content in the whole sample may be determined by collecting borings to a depth of
half the thickness of each sample ( obtained by means of an auger ) in pre weighed weighing
bottles. The borings shall be obtained from a distance of at least 450 mm from either end of
the samples or from their center. If the samples are less than 1 m long, the borings shall be
collected from their center. The mass of borings from a sample shall not be less than 0 g. If it
is less, 2 or 3 borings from an identical location in a sample shall be collected in the same
weighing bottle. The procedure for weighing and oven drying of borings shall be the same as
described under 2.5 of 19.4.2.
2.7 Calculation
The moisture content of each sample shall be determined by the following formula:
W 1−W 0
M= X 100
W0
where
M = moisture content ( percent ),
W1 = initial mass of test specimen (in g), and
W0 = oven-dry mass of test specimen (in g)
The calculated values shall be rounded off to the first place of decimal.
The average of moisture content of all the samples from the lot tested shall be
reported correct to the nearest whole number by the following formula for checking
conformity of a lot to the requirements of the relevant specification:
∑M
i
Ḿ =
n
Ḿ =¿ average moisture content (percent),

M = moisture content of individual samples (percent), and
N = number of samples selected from the lot.
19.4.3 Determination of Moisture Content by Electrical Moisture Meter Method
3.1 General
3.1.1 Electrical moisture meters are a direct, quick, convenient and non-destructive
means of determining moisture content of timber and timber products. These are of special
value in field inspections and for checking of finished timber products. Because of the rapid
68
measurements, and no loss of material by this method, more extensive checking is possible
than permitted by the oven-drying method.
3.1.2 The electrical moisture meters are capable of reading moisture content to an
accuracy of +/- 2 percent absolute within the range 8 to 24 percent moisture content ( which
covers the range of seasoned timber ) when appropriate corrections are applied for the timber
species and temperature, and a11 necessary precautions in use are taken. These are, therefore,
not as precise and fool proof as the oven drying method, and data obtained by them on a more
extensive scale may sometimes need to be supported by limited testing in the laboratory by
the oven-drying method.
3.2 Types of Electrical Moisture Meters
3.2.1 Of the two types of electrical meters commercially available, namely, electrical
resistance meters and capacitance meters, the resistance meters are preferable as their
readings are affected to a lesser extent by the natural variation of density within the particular
species being tested.
3.2.2 The resistance meters are provided with naked pin electrodes or electrodes in
which the pins are covered with a hardwearing insulation coating except at their tips. The
naked pin electrodes register the maximum moisture content of timber prevailing anywhere
within their depth of insertion. The insulated pin electrodes on the other hand enable spot-
checking of moisture content at any particular depth of insertion into the timber: Electrode
pins of varying lengths are generally provided for use with timber of different range of
thicknesses.
3.3 Apparatus
3.3.1 Resistance type meter with electrode pins of suitable lengths and with species
correction and temperature correction charts for the species to be tested shall be used. The
meter shall be capable of reading moisture content to .an accuracy of +/- 2 percent absolute
when appropriate corrections and precautions are followed.
3.4 Sampling
3.4.1 The sample in this case shall amount to at least 5 percent of the pieces from the
lot but not exceeding 50 pieces. The sample shall be taken evenly along the diagonal in case
of sawn timber stored in piles; otherwise, random sampling shall be done. For random
sampling method, IS 4905: 1968 may be referred to.
69
NOTE - For timber in stacks, sampling shall preferably be done evenly along the solid
diagonal of the stack, otherwise, random sampling shall be done. The number of samples
selected in either case shall be as prescribed in 3.4.1 of 19.4.3
3.5 Procedure
3.5.1 The meter readings shall be taken at three sections along the length in the
middle width of each face of every sample. Two sectors shall be measured at a distance of
450 mm from the ends and the third one at mid length of the sample. If the length of the
sample is 1 m or less, readings shall be made at mid length only on each face.
3.5.2 For timber over 50 mm in thickness, readings shall be taken as in 3.5.1 of 19.4.3
on all the faces of each sample.
3.5.3 The timber to be tested shall not be: (a) hot, (b) surface wet, (c) taken directly
from the kiln, and (d) painted or preservative treated with compounds containing inorganic
substances, as under such circumstances resistance meter readings are liable to be grossly
inadequate.
3.5.4 Electrode pins of adequate length shall be selected for the thickness of timber
under test, that is, to probe up to a depth not less than one-fifth the thickness-of timber but
preferably up to half the thickness.
3.5.5 Readings at various depths into the section shall first be taken on a few samples
to ascertain the presence of ‘large’ moisture gradients or a wet core (moisture content 20
percent or above) or a reversed moisture gradient (surface wetter than the core). Moisture
gradients shall be taken to be ‘large’ if the difference of readings at one-fifth and half the
thickness of a sample exceeds four percent absolute in timber up to 40 mm thick and seven
percent absolute in timber 40 to 65 mm thick.
3.5.6 If presence of the condition detailed in 3.5.5 of 19.4.3 is confirmed, the meter
readings cannot be taken as reliable estimates of the average moisture content in the whole
section, but only of the maximum moisture content prevailing within the depth of insertion of
pins in case of meters provided with naked pin electrodes, or of the spot moisture content
prevailing at the depth of insertion in case of meters provided with insulated pin electrodes.
3.5.7 If presence of the condition detailed under 3.5.5 of 19.4.3 is negated, readings at
one-fifth thickness shall be taken as representative of the average in the whole section.
3.5.8 Species corrections, pre-determined against the oven-drying method, shall be

applied to the meter readings for the species under test in order to arrive at the correct
moisture contents.
3.6 Calculations
70
The average moisture content of each sample shall be calculated by the following
formula:
M=
∑m
1
p
where
M=: average moisture content of sample (percent),

m = corrected moisture meter reading in any sector of sample (percent), and
P = number of sectors measured.
The calculated value shall be rounded off to the nearest whole number.
The average of moisture content of all samples tested from a lot is calculated by the
formula for checking conformity of a lot to the requirements of the relevant specification:
∑M
i
Ḿ =
n
where
Ḿ = averaged moisture content (percent),
M= moisture contents of individual samples ( percent ), and
n = number of samples selected from the lot.
3.7 Acceptance of Results
Where ten percent or more of the total number of samples tested show readings above
the acceptable limit of maximum moisture content, such samples shall be further tested by the
oven-drying or distillation methods given in 19.4.2 and 19.4.4 for conforming their moisture
contents.
All disputes concerning the moisture content shall be decided by the oven-drying and
distillation method.
19.4.4 Determination of Moisture Contents By Distillation Method
For the procedure, refer section 6 of IS 11215:1991 - Moisture content of timber and
timber products- Methods for determination
71
20. Door Shutters
20.1 Measurement of Dimensions and Square ness
1. Scope
1.1 This section specifies method for measuring the dimensions and the square ness of
door shutters.
2. Procedure
2.1 Measurement of Height

2.1.1 Measure the height along the lines A-A and B-B (see Fig. 1) each of which is
parallel to and 20 +/- 5 mm or less from a longitudinal edge. The height shall be measured
with an accuracy of 1 mm.
2.2 Measurement of Width

2.2.1 Measure the width along the lines C-C and D-D (see Fig. 1) each of which is
parallel to and 20 +/- 5 mm from a transverse edge. The width shall be measured with an
accuracy of 1 mm.
‘NOTE — In the case of a door shutter with rebated edges, the dimension of height or width
should be measured to the inner edges of the rebate.’
2.3 Measurement of Thickness

2.3.1 Measure the thickness at six points which are located 20 +/- 5mm from the
edges, at the middle of the width of the door shutter and at each one-third of the height (see
Fig.1). The thickness shall be measured with an accuracy of 0.1 mm.
2.4 Measurement Squareness

2.4.1 Determine the deviation from square ness of adjacent edges of the door shutter
at all the four corners of the door leaf with a square with arms 500 mm long (see Fig.2). The
deviation from squareness shall be measured to an accuracy of 0.1 mm.
72
20.2 Measurement of General Flatness
1 Scope
This section specifies a method for measuring the general flatness of door shutters.
2 Procedure
2.1 Measurement of Twist
2.1.1 ‘The door shutter is held freely in a vertical plane or mounted vertically with its long
edge horizontal. Any three comers of this face determine a plane of reference. The deviation
of the fourth corner is measured with respect to this plane with a plumb bob or any other
suitable device (see Fig. 1). The measuring points shall be 20 ± 5 mm from the edges. It shall
be measured to an accuracy of 0.1 mm.
2.2 Measurement of Warping and Cupping

2.2.1 The door shutter is held as given in 2.1. Measurement(s) of warping and cupping on
One of the faces of the door shutters is measured with respect to a straight edge held
Parallel to each edge and located not more than 20 mm from the edge. The distance of
73
The face from the straight edge is measured (see Fig. 2). The deviation shall be measured to
an accuracy of 0.1 mm.’
20.3 Local Planeness Test
1 Scope
This section specifies method of test to ascertain the general smoothness of the
surface of the door shutters.
2 Procedure
2.1 The door shutter shall be placed in a horizontal position or held freely in convenient
position Squares of 200 mm x 200 mm shall be drawn, spread over the entire area of the
shutter for measurement purposes. A suitable measuring device suitably fixed at the centre of
a straight edge of 200 mm length shall be placed on the different squares on the face of the
door shutter. The depth at each point shall be measured to an accuracy of 0.05 mm. The
procedure shall be repeated for the other face.
20.4 Impact Indentation Test
74
1 Scope
This section specifies two tests to determine the impact indentation on door shutters.
2 Steel Ball Impact Test
2.1 Procedure
2.1.1 The door shutter shall be placed horizontally resting on a suitable frame equally
on all the four edges. A steel ball of about 50 mm diameter and weighing 500 +/- 10 g, shall
be allowed to fall freely from a height of 750 +/- 5 mm at any randomly selected 10 different
points on both the surfaces of the door shutter leaving distance of 75 mm from the edges. The
depth of indentation shall be measured to an accuracy of 0.1mm
20.5 Flexure Test
1 Scope
This section specifies method of test for flexure resistance of door shutters.
2 Procedure
2.1 The door shutter shall be held firmly along one long edge and the adjacent short
edge and it shall be ensured that the three fixed corners are in one horizontal plane. Loading
shall be done on the top corner of the door shutter 50 mm from the free edge, resulting
deformation in the vertical plane of the door shutter. The loading shall be done in steps of 100
N (10 kgf) up to a maximum of 500 N (50 kgf) and unloaded after 15 min in the same steps.
The deflection shall be measured initially and after 15 min with the load and finally after 3
min of the removal of the load. All deflections of the free corner shall be measured to an
accuracy of 0.1 mm with reference to the diagonally opposite fixed corner.
20.6 Edge Loading Test
1 Scope
This section specifies a method of test to determine the deflections on door shutters
due to load applied at the edges.
2 PROCEDURE
2.1 The door shutter shall be hung vertically, bearing or with 12 mm dia pivot
supported at the top and bottom or hinged on one longitudinal edge. The test set up shall be
sufficiently rigid to withstand the test load without deflecting to an extent likely to impair
75
jointing or to impose bending stresses on the test specimen. If installation conditions are
known, the specimen shall wherever practical, be installed to simulate these. The door shall
be opened at an angle of 45° or 90° and measurements taken at the lower corner of the door
shutter, to the nearest 0.1 mm. The load shall be applied on the top of the other longitudinal
edge parallel to the plane of the door shutter at a distance of 50 mm from the edge. The
loading shall be done in steps of not more than 200 N (20 kgf) at a time until a load of 1000
N (100 kgf) is reached and kept constant for a period of 15 min. The deflection at the loaded
edge, at the end of 15 min and after 3 min after removal of the load, measured to an accuracy
of 0.1 mm, shall be recorded.
20.7 Shock Resistance Test
1 Scope
This section specifies two tests for determining the resistance of door shutters to
shock. Both the tests as specified in 2.1 and 3.1 are to be carried out.
2 Soft And Light Body Impact Test
2.1 Procedure
2.1.1 The door shutter shall be hinged in a vertical plane flush with a fixed frame on
which door of various sizes can be mounted in a manner similar to their Installation in
practice. The frame shall be sufficiently rigid so that any Deformation that occurs in the
frame during testing will have negligible effect on the test results The rope with a leather ball
of approximately 200 mm in dia and containing 50 N (5 kgf) of sand hung vertically by a
rope required for giving the shock. The rope with the leather ball shall be tied on the central
vertical line just above the door. The length of the rope shall be such that the ball may strike
the door at a point 200 +/- 10 mm above the bottom end on the vertical central line of the
door (see Fig. 1). The ball shall be pulled away from the door to a height of 1.25 m from the
plane of striking place and shall be allowed to strike the door for twenty five times at the rate
of 4 to 5 shocks per min.
3 Soft and Heavy Body Impact Test
3.1 Procedure
3.1.1 An arrangement for mounting the door shutter as specified in 2.1 1 shall be made. A
spherical leather sail cloth bag of approximately 350 mm in diameter is filled with sand of
apparent density approx. 1500 kg/m³ (sand which passes through a sieve of aperture size 2
mm). until it reaches a mass of 300 N (30 kgf). The bag shall be hung as a pendulum
arrangement to strike the door shutter at the level of the handle in the position shown, and
hung in such a way that when at rest the bag just touches the shutter (see Fig. 2). The
spherical leather bag shall be pulled away from the door to a height of 230 mm from the
76
plane of striking place and the normally hung shutter (with hangings, fixings and fastenings)
shall be given five impacts at the handle level on both sides of the shutter.’
77
20.8 BUCKLING RESISTANCE TEST
1 Scope
This section specifies method of test to determine the resistance of door shutters to
buckling.
2 Procedure
2.1 The door shutter shall be placed in a rigid rig and fixed in a way similar to actual
installation. The door shutter shall be opened to an angle of 90+/- 5° and secured at its top
free corner to prevent any lateral movement. A typical method of attachment of the load and
its location is shown in Fig.1 for guidance. A load of 400 N (40 kgf) is applied at 1000 +/- 5
mm from the bottom of the door at right angles to the plane of the door shutter and in the
direction of opening, in increments of 100 N each. Incremental load is applied only after
stabilization of the deformation created by the previous loading. The deformation at the lower
free corner is measured to an accuracy of 1 mm 5 minutes after the application of the load
and 15 minutes after unloading.
78
20.9 SLAMMING TEST
1 Scope
This section specifies two tests to determine the effect on door shutters due to
slamming actions. Any one of the following tests shall be followed.
2 Test 1
2.1 Procedure
Suitable fixture shall be made to hold the door shutter horizontally flat and hinged on
one long edge and resting freely on a wooden rail 50 mm from the other long edge. The door
shutter shall be placed in a horizontal position suitably hinged at three equidistant places or at
the discretion of the manufacturer on one of the long edges. The other edge is lifted up so as
to form an angle of not less than 30° at the hinged edge and allowed to drop under its own
weight, 50 times on the rail at the rate of 4-5 drops per minute.
3 Test 2
3.1 Procedure
Door shutter shall be hung with three hinges vertically on one long edge or as per
manufacturer’s instructions in a suitable frame. Suitable arrangement to apply a force of 150
79
N (15 kgf) to the shutter at not more than 150 mm from the locking edge of the shutter shall
be made. The force shall act perpendicularly to the plane of the frame throughout the closing
movement (see Fig. l).The door shutter shall be opened at an angle of 60+/- 5° and shall
bemade to close for hundred times by the continuous application of a force of 150 N which
ceases to act at the moment of impact
20.10 Misuse Test
1 Scope
This section specifies method of test to determine the resistance of door shutters to
misuse.
2 Procedure
2.1 Suitable frame to hold the door shutter vertically in a manner similar to its
installation in practice shall be made. The door shutter shall be hinged on one long edge to
the frame. A hard wood slip such as Laurel, Sal, Bijasal of 50 mm x 50 mm and of thickness,
adequate to match the thickness of the door shutter shall be placed vertically at the bottom of
the hinged stile of the frame in such a way as to keep the door ajar at 70 +/- 5°. The force is
applied progressively to the handle or equivalent position and at right angles to the plane of
the frame in the direction of closing until it reaches 200 N (20 kgf) (see Fig. 1).
80
20.11 Varying Humidity Test
1 Scope
This section specifies method, which is to be used to test the behavior, under humidity
variations, of door shutters placed in successive uniform climates.
2 Procedure
2.1 The door shutter shall be placed in a conditioning chamber at a temperature 27°C
+/- 2°C, and humidity maintained at 30 +/- 5 percent for one week. The height, width,
thickness as per 20.1 of 20, general flatness as per 20.2 of 20, local planeness as per 20.3 of
20 and diagonal of the door shutter shall be measured. Then the humidity shall be raised to 85
+/- 5 percent and the door shutter shall remain there again for one week. Again, the length,
breadth, thickness and diagonal of the door shutter shall be measured. The changes in the
above dimensions shall be noted. After this, the door shutter shall be kept inside the chamber
for one week at a humidity level of 30 +/- 5 percent. The dimensions shall be measured again
after the end of the period and the extent of return to the original sizes shall be calculated.
The test may be stopped before the end of the period specified, if two successive
measurements of general flatness taken at 2 day interval, do not differ by more than 1 percent
20.12 End Immersion Test
1 Scope
This section specifies method of test of resistance of door shutters to immersion in
water.
2 Procedure
2.1 The door shutter shall be immersed to a minimum depth of 300 mm in water at
ambient temperature for 24 hours and then allowed to dry for 24 hours at ambient
81
temperature. This cycle shall be repeated eight times. The door shutter shall be examined for
any delamination in the immersed portion of the shutter.
12.13 Glue Adhesion Test
1 Scope
This section describes method of test to assess the glue adhesion of door shutters.
2 Procedure
2.1 Two square sections, 150 mm x 150 mm shall be cut from the corners of the door
shutter. These corner sections, as cut from the door shutter, shall be submerged in a pan of
water at ambient temperature, care being taken that the pieces do not touch the bottom of the
pan. The water shall then be brought to the boiling temperature and maintained at this
temperature for 4 hours and then dried in a chamber at 27 +/- 2°C and relative humidity of 65
+/- 5 percent for 24 hours. At the end of the drying period, the samples shall be examined for
delamination. Glue lines in all the four exposed edges of the plywood on both faces of a
specimen and the glue lines between the plywood faces and the stile and rail shall be
examined for delamination.
20.14 Screw Withdrawal Resistance Test
1 Scope
This section specifies method of test to determine the screw withdrawal resistance of
door shutters.
2 Procedure
2.1 This test shall be carried out on three test specimens of size 150 mm x 75 mm cut
along the longitudinal edge of upper/lower half portion of the door shutter, using a suitable
test equipment having an arrangement to pull the screws fixed on the specimen so as to
measure the maximum load required for complete withdrawal. Prior to testing, the test
specimen shall be conditioned at 27 +/- 2°C and at relative humidity of 65 +/- 5 percent for
one week. Two pre bores of 3 mm diameter shall be made along the stile at an interval of 50
mm on the face and along the edges of the specimen. Screws of size No. 8 and 50 mm length
(see IS 6760) shall be fixed at these points to a depth of 25 mm. The specimen shall then be
placed on the test equipment and load applied at the specified rate of 2 mm per minute for
withdrawal of one screw at a time. The maximum load required for complete withdrawal
shall be noted in each case.
21 Door Hard ware (Mortis lock)
82
21.1 Thickness of parts
In each load/consignment random sampling upto 3 nos selected and shall be cross
verified for material parts as that of approved material. The thickness shall be followed as per
the below table.
Thickness of the parts of Mortis lock (vertical type)

Minimum
thickness
Component Material (mm)
Body & body cover plates cast brass 2.5
Aliminium Alloy (pressure dia cast) 2.5
Aluminium alloy sheet 1.5
Zinc base alloy (pressure dia casting) 2.5
steel sheet 1.5

Case plate cast brass 2.5
steel sheet 1.25

face plate & striking plate Aluminium alloy sheet 2.5
steel sheet 1.25
21.2 Materials for various component parts of Mortis lock
Parts shall fall under any of the categories mentioned below table. May be varied if
SIPL & manufacturer mutually agreed. In each load/consignment random sampling up to 3
no’s selected and shall be cross verified for material parts as that of approved material.
83
21.3 Check for Non-interchangeability
For 2 lever locks – 6 locks shall be selected for each 24 locks supplied. If key of any of the
lock opens any other lock among 6 locks, the whole lot is rejected.
For more than two lever locks – 12 locks shall be selected for each 100 locks supplied. If
key of any of the lock opens any other lock among 12 locks, the whole lot is rejected.
84

Sumadhura Infra PVT LTD QA/QC Department Lab Manual: SL No Description No 1 Coarse Aggregate For Concrete

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Sumadhura Infra PVT LTD QA/QC Department Lab Manual: SL No Description No 1 Coarse Aggregate For Concrete

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Sumadhura Infra Pvt Ltd

1. COARSE AGGREGATE FOR CONCRETE

Ref - IS 2386 part 1 – 1963

Is Sieves for Sieve Analysis of Aggregates for Concrete Type

Sampling shall be 3 kg for Coarse aggregate and 1 kg for fine aggregate.

Test Procedure for Coarse and Fine Aggregate

1.2 DETERMINATION OF MATERIALS FINER THAN 75-MICRON

Ref - IS 2386 part 1 – 1963

Maximum Nominal size of Approximate

Procedure for Fine & Coarse Aggregate

Calculation & Results:

1.3 DETERMINATION OF FLAKINESS INDEX

Metal Gauge - The metal flakiness gauge.

Sieves - IS Sieves of sizes shown in Table 1.

A quantity of aggregate shall be taken sufficient to provide the minimum number of

1.4 DETERMINATION OF ELONGATION INDEX

Ref - IS 2386 part 1 – 1963

1.5 SPECIFIC GRAVITY & WATER ABSORPTION FOR COARSE AGGREGATE

Ref - IS 2386 part 3 – 1963

Calculations & Result

1.6 DETERMINATION OF BULK DENSITY AND VOIDS (COARSE AND FINE

Loose Weight - The measure shill be filled to overflowing by means of a shovel or

The percentage of voids shall be calculated as follows:

1.7 DETERMINATION OF AGGREGATE CRUSHING VALUE

Preparation of Test Sample

DETAILS OF AGGREGATE CRUSHING TEST FOR NON-STANDARD SIZES OF AGGREGATE

Preparation of Test Sample

1.9 DETERMINATION OF AGGREGATE IMPACT VALUE

1) Total weight not more than 60 kg nor less than 45 kg.

1.10 DETERMINATION OF SURFACE MOISTURE

Ref: CPWD Spec 4.1.1.5

The surface moisture is then calculated as follows:

It is expressed as a percentage of dry aggregate.

2. FINE AGGREGATE FOR CONCRETE

2.1 SIEVE ANALYSIS – Ref 1.1

2.2 MATERIALS FINER THAN 75 MICRON – Ref 1.2

2.3 DENSITY & VOIDS – Ref 1.6

2.4 DETERMINATION OF SURFACE MOISTURE CONTENT – Ref 1.10

Using the pycnometer - A sample of about 1 kg for 10 mm to 4.75 mm or 500 g if

2.6 DETERMINATION OF SILT CONTENT

Ref: CPWD spec 3.1.3.2

A sample of sand to be tested shall be placed without drying in a 200 ml measuring

3. FINE AGGREGATE FOR MASONRY MORTAR

3.1 SIEVE ANALYSIS – Ref 1.1

3.2 DETERMINATION OF SILT CONTENT - Ref 2.5

4. FINE AGGREGATE FOR PLASTER

4.1 SIEVE ANALYSIS – Ref 1.1

4.2 DETERMINATION OF SILT CONTENT - Ref 2.5

5 REINFORCEMENT BARS & COUPLERS

5.1 REINFORCEMENT BARS

5.1.1 Delivery & Inspection

a) Place of manufacture of the reinforcing steel,

Identification and Marking

BIS Certification Marking

Each bundle containing the barsfwires may also be suitablymarkedwith the

5.1.2 Mass per Running Meter

Tolerance on Nominal Mass

2 Over 10 up to and including 16 +/- 5 -6

5.2 REINFORCEMENT COUPLERS

5.2.1 Delivery & Inspection

Identification and Marking

BIS Certification Marking

5.2.2 Visual Inspection