CHEMICAL TEST FITRI@KMPK_017-567 5381

ALKENE

1. BAEYER’S TEST
FUNCTION To diffentiate between alkane and alkane in presence of
cold.
REAGENT USED Dilute, alkaline of potassium permanganate, KMnO 4
CONDITION Cold
EQUATION ALKENE :

ALKANE :

OBSERVATION POSITIVE RESULT : ALKENE

Purple colour of the KMnO4 decolourised and brown
precipitate of MnO2 formed.

NEGATIVE RESULT : ALKANE

Purple colour of KMnO4 remain unchange.

2. REACTION WITH BROMIN IN DICHLOROMETHANE

FUNCTION To differentiate between saturated and unsaturated
hydrocarbon.
To diffentiate between alkane and alkane.
To test the presence of C=C.
REAGENT USED

CONDITION  UV light.
 In the dark.
EQUATION ALKENE :

ALKANE :

OBSERVATION POSITIVE RESULT : ALKENE

Reddish brown colour of bromine decolourised.

NEGATIVE RESULT : ALKANE

Reddish brown colour of bromine remain unchanged.
CHEMICAL TEST FITRI@KMPK_017-567 5381
ALCOHOL

1. LUCAS TEST
FUNCTION Method used to distinguish 1o , 2o , 3o alcohol.
REAGENT USED Conc. HCl/ZnCl2
CONDITION
EQUATION Primar
y

Second
ry

Tertiar
y

OBSERVATION Primar The solution does not turn cloudy.

y
Second The solution turn cloudy within 5-10 minutes
ry and two layers formed.
Tertiar The solution turn cloudy immediately and two
y layers formed.

2. IODOFORM TEST
FUNCTION Test for the presence of carbonyl compounds with the
methyl carbinol group.
REAGENT USED I2/OH-
CONDITION
EQUATION

OBSERVATION Light yellow precipitate formed.

CHEMICAL TEST FITRI@KMPK_017-567 5381
CARBONYL COMPOUND

1. IODOFORM TEST
FUNCTION To detect methyl carbonyl or methil ketone group.
REAGENT USED I2 in NaOH
CONDITION
EQUATION

OBSERVATION POSITIVE RESULT :

Light yellow precipotate formed.

NEGATIVE RESULT :
No light yelloe precipitate formed.

2. TOLLEN’S TEST
FUNCTION To differentiate aldehyde form ketone.
REAGENT USED

CONDITION
EQUATION

OBSERVATION POSITIVE RESULT :

A silver mirror formed.

NEGATIVE RESULT :
No silver mirror formed.

3. BRADY’S TEST
FUNCTION Identification test for carbonyl compounds.
REAGENT USED

CONDITION
EQUATION

OBSERVATION Yellow / orange percipitate formed.