I.

OBJECTIVES

1. To learn the tests used to identify the elements present in organic compounds.
2. To observe some of the fundamental differences in properties of organic and inorganic
compounds.

Results Inference
1. Test for Elements Present in Organic Compound An organic compound is any member of
a large class of gaseous, liquid, or solid
A. Elements detected by combustion chemical compounds whose molecules
contain carbon. There were tests
Test Sample Visible Result Structure/Formula of Cpd performed in this experiment to identify
responsible Element the elements present in organic
for the visible result compounds.
Detected

A1. LPG Formation of soot H2O

Hydrogen

A2. LPG Formation of white precipitate H2O

Hydrogen

A3. breath/Ca(OH)2
Formation of bubbles wherein CaCO3
Carbon
the solution turned cloudy

CH4 + O2 C+CO2+H2O
incomplete combustion

CH4 + O2 CO2+2H+H2O
complete combustion

CO2 + Ca(0H)2 CaCO3(s) + H 2 O

B. Elements detected by addition of strong base and heating A. When the urea was added by 3m of
NaOH which is a strong base solution to
Test Sample Visible Result Structure/Formula of Cpd urea, it smells an eerily smell.
responsible Element
for the visible result B. When NaOH and Albumin were a
Detected mixture, it was divided into two separate
test tubes. One was heated and the
other one was unheated. As it poured in
1. Urea a. Basic NH3 the unheated test tube, the color
Nitrogen remains and when it was added by Lead
nitrate it formed a white precipitate. This
b. Clear and colourless NH3 is due to the nature of Albumin wherein
Nitrogen it has a hydrogen bond that maintains its
w/slightly eerily smell configuration. When it is in its natural
state, it is native. While on the heated
test tube, the formation of dark brown
Egg white precipitate due to the high temperature
leads to changes. It indicates that the
ttunheated Remain in color When it added lead acetate presence of Albumin has Sulfur.
solution Sulfur
it formed a white precipitate

theated It turns to yellow with When it added lead acetate

solution Sulfur
formation of bubbles it formed dark brown precipitate

Reactions:

Co(NH3)2 + NaOH NaOCN+NH3+H20

S-2 (from albumin) + Pb(OAc)2 Pbs + 20AC

C. Beilstein Test Beilstein test is a simple chemical test

used in chemistry as a qualitative test of
Test Sample Color Flame Element halides. This test is mainly a flame test
from halogens that involves chlorine,
Detected iodine, bromine, carbon, and these
elements can also bind with carbon. The
HCl(3M) Green colors vary in the presence of elements.
Noted that this test is a qualitative test
Chloride for halide atoms that are the chlorine,
iodine, and bromine.
KI Orange

Iodine
 CHCl3 Green

Chloride

KBr Orange

Bromine

Saliva Orange

Carbon
II. Differences in Properties of Organic and Inorganic In this part of the experiment, it identified
the different properties between organic
Compounds and inorganic compounds. There were
three properties of both compounds that
A. Effect of Heating were compared in the experiment. First
was the behavior of both compounds
Test Sample Observations when heated.

NaCl It did not melt

Sucrose It melted and slowly turned into

colour black

Reaction:

C12H22O11 + O2 CO2 + H2O

B. Conductivity All conductor compounds belong to
inorganic, while the non-conductor
Test Sample Conductor Non- belongs to organic. Because the type of
bond present in the organic compounds
conductor is covalent hereby the flow of electrons
is difficult as it shares electrons.
NaCl solution Conductor

Benzene Non-

conductor

KI solution Conductor

Sucrose Non-

conductor
C. Ionization Chloroform does not ionize because it is
 Observation covalently bonded and will not be break
easily into ions when in a solution. While
Explanation on the other hand, NaCl can ionize
because it is ionic.
NaCl + 1% AgNO3 It reacted with Silver Nitrate It is because

Sodium

Chloride is

an inorganic

compound.

CHCl3 + 1%AgNO3 It has no reaction when It is because

Chloroform

Silver Nitrate was poured is an organic

compound.