Saw no letup to these scandalous entries into the world of modern art.

In US, the Salon d’Autnmn

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Describe the n independent exhibition so named to distinguish it from the Academic salons that were
characteristics of Art in traditionally held izz tbe sprite rougbt together the works of an exuberant group of F’rench avant-
the Early Twentieth garde artists who assaulted the public mtli a bold palette and distorted forms. One art critic who
Century peeked in on the show saw a Renaissance-type scripture surrounded by these blasphemous
forms.

It was
Edit a logical successor to the painting styles of van Gogh and Gauguin, due to its emotive
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qualities. It emphasized harsh, nondescriptive color, bold linear patterning, and a distorted form of
Describe the perspective. Fauves grew out of a desire for a form of dircet expression.
characteristics of the art
of the Fauves

Identify the following: Artist, Media, Country, subject, Stylistic Markers

André Derain, London Bridge (1906). Oil on canvas, 26” x 39”. We can see the converaence of
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elements of nineteenth-century styles and the new vision of Fauvism. There was a forceful contrast
of primary colors and the delineation of forms by blocks of thickly applied pigment speak of
something new. In the 19th century, artists used natural light and created their shadows from color
components

Identify the following: Artist, Media, Country, subject, Stylistic Markers

Henri Matisse, Red Room (Harmony in Red) (1908-1909). Oil on canvas, 69 3/4” x 85 7/8”. The
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Hermitage, St. Petersburg, Russia. In this work, we can see that he used color in a variety. The red
of the wallpaper absorbs the reader's attention. There is a contest in flatness and three dimensions
that characterizes much of the artist's work.
 Is theHere
Edit distortion of nature as opposed to the imitation of nature, to achieve a desired emotional
effect. Artist in the 20th centry used abstraction as a tool to communicate the inner feelings of the
Describe the artist.
characteristics of
Expressionism

Identify the following: Artist, Media, Country, subject, Stylistic Markers

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, Street, Dresden (1908; reworked 1919; date on painting 1907). Oil on
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canvas, 59 1/4” x 78 7/8”. It features themes such as isolation and alienation. The brushwork and
unnatural color schemes suggest turbulence and uncertainty. The crowded street do not seem to
interact but they do seem to be lost in their thoughts.

Identify the following: Artist, Media, Country, subject, Stylistic Markers

Wassily
Edit HereKandinsky, Sketch I for Composition VII (1913). Oil on canvas, 76 2/5” x 115 7/10”. Early
experiment theories can be seen with the blod colors, olines, and shapes tear dramatically acroos
the canvas. The elements float freely through the painting.

It is the
Edit offspring of nineteenth century influences, in this case Cézanne’s geometrization of nature,
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abandonment of scientific perspective, rendering of multiple views, and emphasis
Describe the
characteristics of
Cubism
Identify the following: Artist, Media, Country, subject, Stylistic Markers
Pablo Picasso, The Old Guitarist (1903). Oil on canvas, 47 3/4” x 32 1/2”. You can see mental
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tasks or isolated in their loneliness. We can see a contorted white hair man who sits huched over
his guita, which appers to be his only possession.His eyes are sunken and his bones and tendons
are protrude. The blue palette creates an unrelenting, somber mood. The tones of the blue cause a
ghostlike tone.

Identify the following: Artist, Media, Country, subject, Stylistic Markers

Pablo Picasso, Les Demoiselles d’ Avignon (1907). Oil on canvas, 8’ x 7’ 8”. We see five women
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from Barcelona's red light district. Three of the womens's faces are primitive masksand the other
two women faces have been radicslly simplified by combining frontal and profile views. The body of
the women are in geometric forms.

Identify the following: Artist, Media, Country, subject, Stylistic Markers

Georges
Edit HereBraque, The Portuguese (1911). Oil on canvas, 45 1/2” x 31 1/2”. Numerous planes
intersect and congregate at the center of the canvas to form a barely perceptible from and dissolved
into the background. There isn't a lot of concrete signs: dropped eyelids, mustache, the circular
opening of a appers to shift position before our eyes, simulating the time lapse that would occur in
the visual assimilation of multiple views.

Identify the following: Artist, Media, Country, subject, Stylistic Markers

Pablo Picasso, La bouteille de Suze (Bottle of Suze) (1912). Pasted papers gouache, and charcoal,
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25 3/4” x 19 3/4”. This is a synthetic cubist compositions. Newspaper clippings and opaque pieces of
a paper function as the shifting planes . The planes are held together by a sparse linear structure.
 Identify the following: Artist, Media, Country, subject, Stylistic Markers
Pablo Picasso, Guernica (1937). Oil on canvas, 11’ 6” x 25’ 8”. It was for the Spanish Pavilion of the
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Paris International Exosition of 1937. It shows the carnage of the German bombing of civilians in the
Basque town of Guernica. The painting captures the tradgery in this event in details. We can see a
woman trapped in the ribble and fire and another who tries in vain to flee. The luves are shattered in
Cubist planes that rush and intersect at myriad angles.

Identify the following: Artist, Media, Country, subject, Stylistic Markers

Jacques
Edit HereLipchitz, Still Life with Musical Instruments (1918). Stone relief, 22 1/2” x 28”. The
"transparent" planes in this artwork create a sense of intrigue. The cubist painting were usually flat
solids such as we see in this painting.

Identify the following: Artist, Media, Country, subject, Stylistic Markers

Alexander
Edit Here Archipenko, Walking Woman (1912). Bronze, 26 1/2” high. The figure is fragmented, ther
contours arebroken and dislocated. The thing that is new is how there are open spaces in the torso
and head. The overall impression prompts recogmition of the humanity of the sublect.

Identify the following: Artist, Media, Country, subject, Stylistic Markers

The
Edit Italian
Here poet Marinetti introduced Futurism in 1909 as a way of glorifying dynamism, or the
Describe the theory
characteristics of that force or energy is the basic principle of all phenomena. Futurist artists attempted to capture the
Futurism energy of modern life through depiction of the movement of their subjects. Like Cubism, Futurism
was an experiment in abstraction, but both movements always contained vestiges of
 Identify the following: Artist, Media, Country, subject, Stylistic Markers
Umberto
Edit HereBoccioni, Unique Forms of Continuity in Space (1913). Bronze (cast 1931). 43 7/8” x 34
7/8” x 15 3/4”. The artist wanted to convey the elusive surging energy that blurs an image in motion,
that leaves an echo behind. Even though it is a figural silhouette it is devoid of any representational
details.

Identify the following: Artist, Media, Country, subject, Stylistic Markers

Giacomo
Edit HereBalla, Street Light (1909). Oil on canvas. 68 3/4” x 45 1/4”. The light of the lamp seems to
poerces the darkness in circles and a V-shaped brushstrokes, which create a sense of movement. It
consists of complementary colors which catch our eyes.

The
Edit American
Here photographer Alfred Stieglitz supported the development of abstract art in the United
States by exhibiting modern European works, along with those of American artists influenced by the
Describe the Parisian avant-garde, in his 291 gallery in New York. In 1913, the sensational Armory Show the
characteristics of Early International Exhibition of Modern Art in New York assembled works by leading European and
20th Century Abstraction American artists.
in America

Identify the following: Artist, Media, Country, subject, Stylistic Markers

Georgia
Edit HereO’Keeffe, White Iris (1930). Oil on canvas. 40” x 30”. The artist magnified and abstracted
the details of her botanical subjects. The canvas was filled with but fragment of the intersection of
petals. The flowers function as a metaphor for zoology.
 Identify the following: Artist, Media, Country, subject, Stylistic Markers
Charles
Edit HereDemuth, My Egypt (1927). Oil on composition board. 35 3/4” x 30”. It is a precise renditiom
of a grain elevator in Demuth's home town of Lancaster, Pennsylvania.The shape are reminiscent of
limestone monoliths that form the gateways to ancient temple. the viewer is drawn to Demuth's title.

The
Edit second
Here decade of the twentieth century witnessed the rise of many dynamic schools of art in
Europe, including Constructivism and De Stijl. These movements were dedicated to pure
Describe the abstraction or nonobjective art. Nonobjective art differs from Cubism and Futurism in its total lack of
characteristics of Early representational elements.
20th Century Abstraction
in Europe

Identify the following: Artist, Media, Country, subject, Stylistic Markers

Naum Gabo, Column (c. 1923). Perspex, wood, metal, glass; 41 1/2” x 29” x 29”. The artwork
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exudes a high-tech feeling. It is like a reminiscent of magnetic fields, things are being plugged in.
The work consists of the constructed form themselves.

Identify the following: Artist, Media, Country, subject, Stylistic Markers

Piet
Edit Mondrian,
Here Composition II with Red, Blue, Black, and Yellow (1929). Oil on canvas, 45 x 45 cm.
The painting occupies a plane surface, It is integral with the physical and psychological being of the
painting. This means that the surface must be respected.
 Identify the following: Artist, Media, Country, subject, Stylistic Markers
Constantine
Edit Here Brancusi, Bird in Space (c. 1928). Bronze (unique cast), 54” high. The artist reached
for the essence of the subject by offering the simplest contour that, along with a descriptive title/ It
evolved from more representational versions into refined symbol of the cleanness and soiltude of
flight.

For
Editmost
Hereof the history of art, critics and patrons have expected accurate representation of visual
reality, with only isolated examples of Fantastic art. In the early twentieth century, many artists
Describe the explored fanciful imagery, working in styles as varied as their imaginations.
characteristics of the
Fantasy Movement

Identify the following: Artist, Media, Country, subject, Stylistic Markers

Paul Klee, Twittering Machine (1922). Watercolor, pen and ink; 25 1/4” x 19”. This artwork offers a
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humorous contraption composed of four fantastic birds balanced precariously on a wire attached to
a crank. The viewer is suppose to put the pieces together of the possible function of this apparatus
might assume that turing the crank would result in the title.

Identify the following: Artist, Media, Country, subject, Stylistic Markers

Giorgio
Edit Herede Chirico, Piazza d’Italia (1913). Oil on canvas, 9 7/8” x 13 7/8”. There are two figures that
encounter each other at the far end of a diagonal zone which the sunlight connects them to a
monumental sculptre. The viewers are drawn to the atmosphere which it juxtaposes the shapes.
 In
Edit1916,
Hereduring World War I, an international movement arose that declared itself against art.
Dadaists asserted that art a reflection of the absurdity of war and the insanity of a world that gave
rise to it was stupid and must be destroyed. The name of the movement was supposedly chosen at
Describe the random from a dictionary, a nonsense term for nonsense art that is meaningless, absurd, and
characteristics unpredictable.The contradiction inherent in the movement art about the pointlessness of art led to
Dada art its
demise in 1922.

Identify the following: Artist, Media, Country, subject, Stylistic Markers

Marcel Duchamp, Mona Lisa (L.H.O.O.Q.) (1919). Rectified readymade; pencil on a reproduction,
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7 3/4” x 4 7/8”. The artist impudently defiled a color print of Leonardo da Vinci's master piece in
which he added a mustache and goatee to.In the painting it says in French "Elle a chaud au cul" in
English it says "She is hot in the pants", well PG-13 translation.

Identify the following: Artist, Media, Country, subject, Stylistic Markers

Marcel Duchamp, Nude Descending a Staircase (No.2)(1912). Oil on canvas, 57 7/8” x 35 1/8”. This
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artwork reflects Cubism and Futurism. The painting simulates the passage of time by creating
multiple exposures. The painting symbolizes the dynamism of the modern machine era.

Surrealism
Edit Here began as a literary movement after World War I based on automatic writing, in which the
mind explored free associations. Surrealist art took two major forms: Illusionistic Surrealism, which
Describe the focused on irrational content, absurd juxtapositions, and metamorphoses of the dream state.
characteristics of Automatist Surrealism, which divulged the mysteries of the unconscious through abstraction.
Surrealism
 Identify the following: Artist, Media, Country, subject, Stylistic Markers
Salvador
Edit HereDalí, The Persistence of Memory (1931). Oil on canvas, 9 1/2” x 1’ 1”. The drama of the
dreamlike imagery is enhanced by the artist technique. The barren landscape of incongruous forms,
time as if it has been expired. A watch is left crawling with insecrs, while three other watch. The artist
conveys the world of dream, juxtaposing unrealted objects in an extraordinary situation.

Identify the following: Artist, Media, Country, subject, Stylistic Markers

Joan Miró, Painting (1933). Oil on canvas, 68 1/2” x 77 1/4”. Meandering lines join or interscet to
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form the contours of clusters of organic figures. Some of the shapes are left voidto display a
nondescript background of subtly colored squares. While others are fillied with black, wbhite, and
bright red pigment.

Figurative
Edit Here art is art that contains strong references to people and objects in the real world

Describe the
characteristics of
Figurative Art in the U.S.

Identify the following: Artist, Media, Country, subject, Stylistic Markers

Grant Wood, American Gothic (1930). Oil on canvas, 30 3/4” x 25 ¾”. This piece suggests the
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duality of rural life in modern United States , hardship and serenity. The portrait is more
commercialized work of art. There is a repetition in the pitchfork pattern on the man's shirtfront, the
window in the house and the plant that is on the porch.
 Identify the following: Artist, Media, Country, subject, Stylistic Markers
Edward
Edit HereHopper, Nighthawks (1942). Oil on canvas, 33 1/8” x 60”. What we see in the painting is an
American city during the 1930s or 1940s. It is a common place and uneventful place but you still get
an eerie feeling. You can feel a tension between the desolate spaces of the emptied street and the
diner. The patch of warm artificil light seems precious. The artist uses sociocultural context to
communicate an unsettling mood of aloneness.

African American writers, artists, intellectuals, and musicians in Harlem produced such a
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conspicuous body of specifically African American work that the movement became known as the
Describe the Harlem Renaissance.
characteristics of the
Harlem Renaissance

Identify the following: Artist, Media, Country, subject, Stylistic Markers

Aaron Douglas, Noah’s Ark (c. 1927). Oil on canvas, 48” x 36”. This artwork translates a classical
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bible story into a work to which speaks to African American sensibilities.We see the animals
entering the ark in pairs while lighting is flashing the animals and because of the lighting the sky
turns to a gray-purple color.

Identify the following: Artist, Media, Country, subject, Stylistic Markers

Jacob Lawrence, The Life of Harriet Tubman, No. 4 (1939-1940). Casein tempera on gessoed
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hardboard12” x 17 7/8”. This piece has a powerful sense of movement and directionality. The
horizon line gives us a somewhat stable world in which we see children perform acrobatic leaps.
The horizon is shattered by the back and forth of the brushed lines that define the sky and ground.
 Bauhaus
Edit Hereartists created designs that would shape much of the remaining two-thirds of the twentieth
century.

Describe the
characteristics of the
Bauhaus

Identify the following: Artist, Media, Country, subject, Stylistic Markers

Walter Gropius, Shop Block, The Bauhaus, Dessau, Germany (1925-1926). In 1919, Walter
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Gropius
became director of the Weimar School of Arts and Crafts, which he renamed Das Staatliche
Bauhaus, or “Building House of the State,” or simply The Bauhaus. The Naiz shut it sown in 1933
and much of the faculty moved to the U.S..

Identify the following: Artist, Media, Country, subject, Stylistic Markers

Marcel Breuer, Tubular steel chair (1925). The tubular steel chair is an example of Bauhaus
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furniture. There are no cushions on this chair, it is suspended in midair on cloth or leather slings
attached to steel tubing. Theses chairs are still sold today.

In Mexico,
Edit Here a generation of mural painters channeled the indigenous artistic traditions of
Describe the Pre-Hispanic Mexico in modern works with epic historical narratives and powerful social
characteristics of Early and political criticism. After the Mexican Revolution, which started in 1910 and ended around 1920,
20th Century Art in the government established a public mural program to glorify the revolution, promote its ideals, and
Mexico create pride in Mexico’s mestizo (mixed) Spanish and indigenous heritage.
Identify the following: Artist, Media, Country, subject, Stylistic Markers
Diego Rivera, Ancient Mexico (1929-1935). Detail of history of Mexico, fresco in the Palacio
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Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico. The artist illustrated the conflict between the indigenous Mexicans
and the Spanish conquerors. There is a blonde blue-eyed person sitting across of Quetzalcoatl, who
is the god of most indigenous Mexicans. Behind him are pyramids of pre-Hispanic Mexico and above
is a cold representation of the sun.

Identify the following: Artist, Media, Country, subject, Stylistic Markers

Frida Kahlo, The Two Fridas (1939). Oil on canvas, 67 11/16” x 67 11/16”. The artist shows us how
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she looks in an European-stule lace dress and also on a traditional indigenous Zapotec garment.
Both of the Fridas are connected by blood, an artery is seen running from their exposed hearts to
each other. Her gaze and serious expression suggest that of her own physical suffering.