New Media, New Art Forms (20th-21st Century)

Overview
The artists in this period used new materials, new techniques of painting and developed new
theories about how art should reflect the perceived world. They abandoned strict adherence to traditional
hierarches of medium and embraced any means, including technological, which best served their
purposes.

What do you know?

Based on the painting on the right side,

Answer the following question:
1. What are the different colors used in the
painting?
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2. What emotion does the painting suggest?

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3. What do you think is the title of the painting?

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Let’s get started!

Art Nouveau was an artistic movement, which became popular between 1890 and 1905.
It was practiced in the fields of art, architecture, and applied art. It is a
French term meaning “new art” and is best described by organic and plant
motifs, as well as any highly stylized forms.
➢ Fauvism and Expressionism (1890-1939 AD) – was the first 20th century
movement in the modern art led by Matisse and Rouault, The group called
‘Les Fauves’ or the ‘The Wild Beast’ used wild colors and depictions of
primitive object and people. Expressionism and spread, notably, to
Germany. Comparing the two movements of Fauvism and German
Expressionism is like looking at two sides of a coin. Both rest on the value
of color as applied in painting, but where Fauvists used color to express joy, the artists of the
German Expressionist movement manipulated it to convey the darker side of human emotions,
ending up with a much different result.
➢ Cubism (1907-1914 AD) – was the first abstract art developed by Pablo
Picasso and Georges Braque. It has been the most influential art Fauvism. Madame Matisse, 1905
Oil on Canvas
movement in the 20th century. In Cubist artwork, organic forms were
broken down into a series of geometric shapes and reassembled in an
abstracted form. Instead of depicting objects from one viewpoint, cubist
artists view it from many angles selected from sight, memory., and
movement.
➢ Dada (1916-1923) – It began in Zurich, Switzerland wherein it emerged out of negative reaction
to the horrors of World War 1 and rationalism, which many thought had brought war about. It
was a sort of revolution against the very concept of art that rejected reason and logic,
irrationality and intuition. Marcel Duchamp, one of the leading dada artists, used ready-mades or
mass-produced objects. One of his well-known works is the “Fountain”, a urinal, turned upside
down to which he submitted to an exhibition in 1917.
Fountain is a readymade sculpture produced by Marcel Duchamp in The Weeping Woman
1917, consisting of a porcelain urinal signed "R.Mutt". Artist: Pablo Picasso
Dimensions: 61 cm x 36 cm x 48 cm Period: Dada Dimensions: 60 cm x 49 cm
Location: Tate
Media: Ceramic, glazed ceramic Modern, London
➢ Surrealism (1922-1939 AD) – The Persistence
Created: 26 October 1937 of
Memory
works feature the element of surprise, Medium: Oil paint
Period: Cubism Artist:
evocative juxtaposition of strange images Salvador Dalí
Medium: Oil on
in order to include unconscious dream elements. In canvas
Location: The
painting, it is expressed in two techniques: the Museum of
Naturalistic technique in the works of Salvador Dali Modern
Art (since 1934)
and the Abstract technique in the works of Joan Created: 1931
Period:
Miro. Surrealism
➢ Abstract Expressionism (1940-1960s) – it was an Media: Bronze,
Oil paint
American post-World War II art movement. It is
regarded by many as the Golden Age of American Art and the first American movement vary
greatly in style, yet they all share outlook in the freedom of individual expression.
➢ Pop Art (1950-1960s) – It is an art movement that emerged in the mid1950s in United Kingdom
and became prevalent in the late 1950s in the United States. It depicts methods, styles, and
themes of popular culture and employs techniques of commercial art or popular illustration such
as comic strips and advertising.
➢ Optical Art (1960s) – Also known as Op Art, a style of visual art
popularized in 1960s. The term is used to describe artworks which
seem to swell and vibrate through their use of optical illusion. Op Art is
a dynamic visual art, stemming from a discordant figure-ground
relationship that causes the two planes to be in contradictory and the
creation of effects through the use of pattern and line.
➢ Photorealism(1960s-1970s) - The subject matter, usually everyday
scenes, is portrayed in an extremely detailed, exacting style. It is also
Movement in Squares
called super realism, especially when referring to sculpture. It is the By: Bridget Riley
genre of painting using cameras and photographs to gather visual
information and to create a painting that appears to be photographic.
➢ Minimalism (1960s-1970s) – also called ABC Art, Minimal Art, Reductivism, and Rejective Art. It is
a school of abstract painting and sculpture that emphasizes extreme simplification of form. Like
the painters, minimalist sculptos attempted to make thir works totally objective, unexpressive,
and non-referential.

Art Movements and Artists from 19th to 20th Century

Movement Artists
Impressionism • Claude Monet • Edgar Degas
• Edouard Manet • Camille Pissarro
• Paul Cezanne • Pierre Auguste Renoir
Post-Impressionism • Vincent Willem van Gogh • Henri Rousseau
• Paul Cezanne • Paul Gauguin
• Georges Seurat • Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec
Fauvism • Henri Matisse • Albert Marquet
• Andre Derain
Expressionism • Edvard Munch • Franz Marc
Cubism • Pablo Picasso • George Braque
• Juan Gris
Dada Art • Jean Arp • Marcel Duchamp
 • Tristan Tzara
Surrealism • Salvador Dali • Joan Miro
• Max Ernst • Andre Breton
Abstract Expressionism • Jackson Pollock • Mark Rothko
• Paul Klee • Willem de Kooning
• Wassily Kandinsky
Pop Art • Andy Warhol • Roy Lichtenstein
Optical Art • M.C. Escher • Josef Albers
Photo Realism • Chuck Close • James Torlakson
• John Kacere
Minimalism • Barnett Newman • Frank Stella
• Piet Mondrian