Scenario based questions

Q2. Read the following cases and answer the question(s) given below each case.

Case 1:

Imagine you are walking to a store with your friend Saima. She tells you that Amna, a student at
your Campus, stole money from the cafeteria and blamed Saima for it. As a result, Saima was
suspended for two weeks and had to pay the money back.

As you and Saima walk into the store, you see Amna. Saima pushes Amna slightly and drops a
pair of earrings into Amna's purse. The alarm sounds once Amna tries to walk out of the store.
She is pulled aside by security for shoplifting, and they call the police. Amna tells them that she
is innocent and that Saima dropped the earrings in her purse. Saima calls Amna a liar and asks
you to back her up.

If you tell the truth, Saima will get in trouble again and will face consequences from the law and
her parents. Amna will go unpunished for originally stealing money from the cafeteria. If you do
not tell the truth, Amna will finally be punished for stealing, and Saima will have her revenge.
However, Amna’s punishment will be more severe than it would have been for stealing money in
the cafeteria.

The police arrive and ask for your version of the story.

a) Define moral dilemma and identify the ethical dilemma you are facing in this situation.
b) What will you do and how will you justify your action as ethically right?
c) List the moral values depicted in your action.
d) Also list the values you will sacrifice or not practice.

Case 2:

David, a 14 years old boy, fell out of his father’s boat in south-east Italy. He couldn’t swim and
was drowning when a dolphin named as Filippo came to his rescue. While David’s father was
still unaware his son had fallen into the wave, Filippo was pushing David up out of the water to
the safety. The dolphin approached the boat and got close enough for David’s father to grab
David.

David’s mother described the dolpin, Filippo as “a hero”.

a) Decide whether dolphin’s act is morally good, morally bad or morally neutral. Provide reason
to support your answer.
Case 3:

You are an emergency room physician and you have only five doses of a certain treatment left.
Alas, you have six patients who need it. Hammad, one of your patients, has very severe
condition, and it will take all five does of the treatment to cure him. Your other five patients
have the condition very mildly, and if you give each one of them one dose, they will be cured.
Any of the six who doesn’t get the dose will die.

a) What is morally right action in this situation according to Utilitarianism? Justify your answer
by referring to the view of Utilitarianism.