TRANSPORTATION LAW

Atty. Robert Victor C. Marcon, LLM.

I. Civil Code (Articles 1732-1766)

A. Common Carriers

i. definition; essential elements; Art. 1732

-De Guzman vs. CA, 168 SCRA 612
-Bascos vs. CA, 221 SCRA 318
-National Steel Corp. vs. CA, 283 SCRA 45
-First Philippine Industrial Corp. vs. CA, 300 SCRA 661
-Loadstar Shipping Co., Inc. vs. CA, 315 SCRA 339
-Calvo vs. UCPB General Insurance Co., Inc., 379 SCRA 510
-Asia Lighterage Shipping , Inc. vs. CA, 409 SCRA 340
-Philippine-American Gen. Ins. Co. vs. PKS Shipping Company, 401 SCRA 222

ii. characteristics
iii. classes; Arts. 1732 and 1755
iv. nature and basis of liability; Art. 1733
v. governing laws; Arts. 1766 and 1753
vi. common carrier; distinguished from

a. Private Carrier
-Home Insurance Co. vs. American Steamship Agencies, 23 SCRA 24
-Arada vs. CA, 210 SCRA 624
-Planters Products, Inc. vs. CA, 226 SCRA 476
-Valenzuela Hardwood and Industrial Supply vs. CA, 274 SCRA 642

i. towage
ii. arrastre
iii. stevedoring
iv. travel agency
-Crisostomo vs. CA, 409 SCRA 528

vii. registered owner rule

-Erezo, et al. vs. Jepte, 102 Phil. 103
-Benedicto vs. IAC, 187 SCRA 547
-BA Finance Corp. vs. CA, 215 SCRA 715
-Equitable Leasing Corp. vs. Suyom, 388 SCRA 485
-Villanueva vs. Domingo, 438 SCRA 485
-PCI Leasing and Finance, Inc. vs. UCPB General Insurance, Inc. 357 SCRA 141

viii. kabit system

-Abelardo Lim vs. CA, G.R. No. 125817, January 16, 2002
-Baliwag Transit, Inc. vs. CA, 147 SCRA 82

ix. in pari delicto

-Lita Enterprises vs. IAC, 129 SCRA 79
-Teja Marketing vs. IAC, 148 SCRA 347

x. boundary system

B. Common Carriage of Goods

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i. liability and presumption of negligence; Arts. 1733-1735
-Ynchausti Steamship vs. Dexter, 41 Phil. 289
-Mirasol vs. Robert Dollar, 53 Phil. 125
-Eastern Shipping Lines, Inc. vs. The Nisshin Fire and Marine Insurance Co, and Dowa Fire and
Marine Insurance Co., Ltd. ,150 SCRA 464
-Delsan Transportation Lines, Inc. vs. American Home Assurance Corp., 498 SCRA 603
-Diaz vs. CA, 496 SCRA 468

ii. responsibilities of the carrier

a. duty to accept goods
-FC Fisher vs. Yangco Steamship Co., et al., 31 Phil. 1

a.1 valid grounds for non-acceptance; Arts. 356-357, Code of Commerce

b. duty to deliver

b.1 time of delivery; Art. 358, Code of Commerce

-Saludo vs. CA, 207 SCRA 499
b.2 consequences of delay; Arts. 1740 and 1747
-Maerskline vs. CA, 222 SCRA 108

c. duty to exercise extraordinary diligence; Arts. 1733 and 1755

-Cebu Salvage Corp. vs. Phil. Home Assurance Co.,512 SCRA 667

i) duration of extraordinary diligence; Arts. 1736-1738

-Compania Maritima vs. Insurance Co., 12 SCRA 213
-Servando vs. Philippine Steam Navigation Co., 117 SCRA 832
-Ganzon vs. CA, 161 SCRA 646
-Eastern Shipping vs. CA, 234 SCRA 79
-Macam vs. CA, 313 SCRA 77
-Republic vs. Lorenzo Shipping Corp., 450 SCRA 551
-Philippines First Ins. Co., Inc. vs. Wallem Phils. Shipping, Inc., 582 SCRA 457
-Regional Container Lines vs. Netherlands Insurance Co., 598 SCRA 304

d. defenses of a common carrier in the carriage of goods

i) fortuitous event; Arts. 1739-1740

-Eastern Shipping Lines, Inc. vs. IAC, 150 SCRA 463
-Eastern Shipping Lines, Inc. vs. CA, 196 SCRA 570
-Delsan Transport Lines, Inc. vs. CA, G.R. No. 127897, Nov. 15, 2001
-Arada vs. CA, 210 SCRA 624
-Phil.American Gen. Ins. Co., Inc. vs. MCG Marine Services, Inc., G.R. No. 135645,
March 8, 2002
-Yobido vs. CA, 281 SCRA 1

ii) acts of public enemy; Arts. 1734 (2), 1739

iii) shipper or owner’s negligence; Arts. 1734 (3), 1741
iv) character of goods/defects in packing; Arts. 1734 (4), 1742
-Philippine Charter Insurance Corp. vs. Unknown Owner of the Vessel M/V National
Honor, and Southern Lines, Inc. vs. CA, 4 SCRA 258

v) order of public authority; Art. 1734 (5), 1743

e. stipulation limiting liability

i. as to diligence required; Arts. 1744, 1745, 1751
ii. as to amount; Arts. 1749-1750
iii. factors affecting agreement; Arts. 1746-1748, 1751-1752
-Loadstar Shipping Co., Inc. vs. CA, G.R. No. 131621, Sept. 28, 1999

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f. passenger’s baggage; Arts. 1754, 1998, 2000-2003

C. Common Carriage of Passengers

a. nature and extent of responsibility; Arts. 1732, 1733, 1735

-Lasam vs. Smith, 45 Phil. 657, February 2, 1924
-Necesito vs. Paras, 104 Phil. 75, June 30, 1958
-BT Co. vs. Caguimbal, 22 SCRA 171
-Juntilla vs. Fontanar, 136 SCRA 624
-Vasquez vs. CA, 138 SCRA 553
-Gatchalian vs. Delim, 203 SCRA 126
-Trans-Asia Shipping Lines, Inc. vs. CA, 254 SCRA 260
-PAL vs. CA, 226 SCRA 423
-Japan Airlines vs. CA, 294 SCRA 19
-Baritua vs. Mercader, 350 SCRA 86

b. duration of responsibility
-Bataclan vs. Medina, 102 Phil. 181
-La Mallorca vs. CA, 17 SCRA 739
-Philippine Rabbit Bus Lines, Inc. vs. IAC, 189 SCRA 158

c. presumption of negligence; Art. 1756

-Sy vs. Malate Taxicab & Garage, Inc., 102 Phil. 482
-Bachelor’s Express, Inc. vs. CA, 188 SCRA 216
-Mallari, Sr. vs. CA, 324 SCRA 147

d. limitation of liability; validity of stipulations; Arts. 1757-1758

-Lara vs. Valencia, 104 Phil. 65

e. responsibility for acts of employees; Arts. 1759-1760

-Maranan vs. Perez, 20 SCRA 412
-Baliwag Transit, Inc. vs. CA, 256 SCRA 746
-LRTA vs. Natividad, 397 SCRA 75

f. responsibility for acts of strangers and co-passengers; Art. 1763

-Gacal vs. PAL, 183 SCRA 189
-Bachelor Express vs. CA, 188 SCRA 217

g. duty of passenger; effect of contributory negligence; Arts. 1761-1762

-Briñas vs. People, 125 SCRA 687
-Fortune Express, Inc. vs. CA, 305 SCRA 14

h. doctrine of Last Clear Chance

-Philippine Rabbit Bus Lines vs. IAC, 189 SCRA 158
-Tiu vs. Arriesgado, 437 SCRA 426

i. assumption of risk
-Japan Airlines vs. CA, 294 SCRA 19
-Calalas vs. CA, 332 SCRA 356

D. Recoverable Damages

a. actual or compensatory; Arts. 1764, 2199, 2201, 2203, 2206

-Integrated Packing Corp. vs. CA, 333 SCRA 170
-Sales vs. CA, 192 SCRA 526
-Gatchalian vs. Delim, 203 SCRA 126
-Victory Liner, Inc. vs. Heirs of Andres Malecdan, G.R. No. 154278, December 27,
2002

b. moral; Arts. 2206, 2216, 2217, 2219, 2220,

-Dela Serna vs. CA, 233 SCRA 325
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 -Laguna Tayabas Bus, Co vs. Tiongson, 16 SCRA 940
-Air France vs. CArrascoso, 18 SCRA 155
-Expert Travel & Tours, Inc. vs. CA, G.R. 130030, June 25, 1999
-Philippine Airlines vs. CA, 188 SCRA 461
-Tan vs. Northwest Airlines, Inc., 327 SCRA 263

c. nominal
-Saludo, Jr. vs. CA, 207 SCRA 498

d. exemplary
e. attorney’s fees and interest

II. MARITIME LAW AND ADMIRALTY

a. concept; jurisdiction
-International Harvester vs. Aragon, 84 Phil. 363

b. real and hypothecary nature

i. protests
ii. vessels
1) meaning
-Lopez vs. Duruelo, 52 Phil. 229

2) nature and acquisition; Arts. 573, 574, 585, Art. 712, Civil Code
3) registration; certificates issued; distinction

iii. persons participating in maritime commerce

a) ship owners and ship agents; Arts. 586 to 608; 618
-Standard Oil Co. vs. Castelo, 42 Phil. 256

b) responsibilities and liabilities

-Yu Con vs. Ipil, 41 Phil. 770
-Manila Steamship vs. Adbulhaman, 100 Phil. 32

c) doctrine of limited liability

-Yangco vs. Laserna, 73 Phil. 330
-Heirs of Amparo de los Santos vs. CA, 186 SCRA 649
-Aboitiz Shipping vs. General Accident Fire and Life Assurance Corp., Ltd., 217 SCRA
359

iv. captains and masters

a) qualifications; RA 5173, sec. 3; Art. 609
b) powers and duties; Arts. 610-612, Arts. 622, 624-625
-Inter-Orient Maritime Ent., Inc. vs. NLRC, 235 SCRA 268
c) liability; Arts. 618-621
d) other officers and crew

v.special contracts of maritime commerce

1. charter parties
i. definition
-Caltex (Phils.), Inc. vs. Sulpicio Lines, Inc., 315 SCRA 709
ii. kinds
-Coastwise Lighterage Corp. vs. CA, 245 SCRA 796
iii. forms and contents, Arts. 652-657
iv. rights and obligations of the parties
a. shipowners; Arts. 669-678
b. charterers; Arts. 679-687

2. loans on bottomry and respondentia

i. definitions and concept
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 ii. character; Art. 719
iii. form and requisites; Arts. 720-722

3. bill of lading
i. definition
ii. kinds
iii. nature

vi. accidents and damages in maritime commerce

1. averages
i. nature and kinds; Arts. 806-808
a. simple
 definition; Art. 809
 effects; Art. 810

b) gross
 definition; Arts. 811, 817-818
 requisites; Arts. 813-814 and 860
 effects; Art. 812

-A. Magsaysay, Inc. vs. Agan, 96 Phil. 504

c. Jettison; Arts. 815-816

2. proof of liquidation
 modes; Arts. 846-848
 appraisal of general average; Arts. 850-855, and 857
 liquidation of general average; Arts. 858, 865-869
 liquidation of simple average; Art. 869

vii. collisions

viii.arrival under stress

 causes; Arts. 819-820
 formalities; Arts. 819 and 822
 expenses; Arts. 821, 822
 responsibility of captain; Arts. 823-825

viii.shipwrecks; Arts. 840-843

 Salvage Law; Act No. 2616
-Barrios vs. Go Thong, 7 SCRA 535

III. CARRIAGE OF GOODS BY SEA ACT

IV. INTERNATIONAL AIR TRANSPORT
V. PUBLIC SERVICE REGULATIONS
VI. POWERS OF ADMINISTRATIVE AGENCIES

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