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General Instrumentation›Facilities - Activities›Elemental analysis/amino acids›ICP-MS

ICP-MS
The ICP-MS of the GI department is a model Xseries I from Thermo Fisher Scientific.

ICP-MS (inductively coupled plasma-mass-spectrometry) is a technique to determine low-

concentrations (range: ppb = parts per billion = µg/l) and ultra-low-concentrations of
elements (range: ptt = parts per trillion = ng/l). Atomic elements are lead through a
 plasma source where they become ionized. Then, these ions are sorted on account of
their mass. The advantages of the ICP-MS technique above AAS (Atomic Absorption
Spectroscopy) or ICP-OES (inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry) are:

 Extremely low detection limits

 A large linear range
 Possibilities to detect isotope composition of elements
The ICP-MS technique has a multi-element character and a high sample throughput, like
ICP-OES, but it allows one to perform more sensitive measurements. Disadvantages and
weaknesses of the ICP-MS detection are the occurrence of spectral and non-spectral
interferences and the high costs.

Principle
ICP part

Like for the ICP-OES, the sample solution is introduced into the device by
means of a peristaltic pump. There it becomes nebulized in a spray chamber. The
resulting aerosol is injected into an argon-plasma that has a temperature of 6000-8000 K.
Inside the plasma torch, solution is removed from the sample and also atomization and
ionization occur. Only a small amount part of the ions produced in the plasma further
penetrate to the mass-spectrometer part.

Mass-spectrometer part
This part consists of:

 An interface (in particular a “sampler cone” and a skimmer cone), in which a small
amount of the free ions generated by the plasma are transmitted. During this process the
ions migrate from an environment with extremely high temperature and atmospheric
pressure to a compartment at room temperature an high vacuum (< 0,001 Pa)
 Electrostatic lenses that focus (positive) ions onto the entry to the true mass-
spectrometer
 The true mass-spectrometer in the GI device has a quadrupole, composed of 4
metal rods which separate the ions on account of their mass by a kind of resonance
principle
 An electro-multiplier (a specific type of detector) containing active surfaces,
which enhances the signal from one colliding ion so that a measurable pulse is generated
 Electronics that counts and sorts the pulses and relates them to the corresponding
mass. This selection can be accomplished in milliseconds, so that a complete spectrum
can be acquired within one second.
Sample preparation / how to deliver samples

 Solid material should be preferably destructed with nitric acid only (keep the
concentration HNO3 below 10%, ideally around 1%), or if necessary with HNO 3/H2O2. This
step can be performed as a closed destruction in a microwave-oven.
 Samples should be acidified (preferably with 1-5 % HNO 3 in order to keep metals in
solution)
 Deliver samples in 12 – 15 ml tubes.
 The content of salts in samples should be kept below 0.2% (=2 g/l)
 HCl can cause precipitates and the sulfur in sulfuric acid interferes in the analysis.
 The torch present at the GI is not resistant to HF.
 Samples should not contain any organic solvents.
 Indicate as far a possible which approximate concentration of the elements to
analyse may be expected in the samples
 The ICP-MS can be employed to measure isotope ratios of enriched experiments,
but the device is not appropriate to analyze the differences in natural abundance of
isotopes

ICP-MS

Location
HG01.221
 Assistance
Paul van der Ven
Tel. 024-3652012
p.vanderven@science.ru.nl
Room HG01.212

Internal users

 Bookings

External users

 Submission form (docx, 20 kB) for ICP-MS samples (Contact Paul van der Ven first)
ICP-MS

Click to enlarge(afbeelding: ICP-MS)

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Contact
Visitor's address GI
Huygens building
Wing HG01.2xx
Internal code 34
Heyendaalseweg 135
NL-6525 AJ Nijmegen
The Netherlands
Tel. (024) 365 21 99
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