Theory of Failure 
(Design of Machine Elements) 
01 April 2020
 

Failure :-  

● Failure is non ability of the component to perform its function. 

● Fracture or separation does not necessarily in failure. 

Examples :- 

  

● In case of b
​ rittle Material ultimate strength​ is considered as failure point.  
● In case of D​ uctile material yielding​ is considered as failure point. 
 

 
 

● When tensile load applied on a ductile material it fails on yielding to form cup & 
cone structure at a plane of 45° angle of the direction of applied load.  
● When tensile load is applied on brittle material it fails on ultimate point at a plane 
perpendicular to the direction of applied load.  
● When brittle material subjected to twisting(torsion), it fails at 45° 

 
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