PENUGASAN BAHASA INGGRIS

Untuk memenuhi tugas matakuliah

Bahasa Inggris

yang dibina oleh Ibu Eka Wulandari, S.Pd., M.Pd

Oleh

Axda Pradana Mahesa Aryawitantra

P17210181004

Politeknik Kesehatan Malang

Jurusan Keperawatan

D3 Keperawatan Malang

Maret 2020
  Assigment 1 (INDIVIDU)

1. Article

LISA SUMMER

Guided Imagery
and Music
with the Elderly

Typical signs of old age include senility, loss of orientation, and deterioration of bodily
functions. But we call the aging process “growing” old, which implies that the growth process
continues until death. Is this a contradiction? Inner processes such as spiritual beliefs, emotions,
memories, fantasies, and self-concept can provide a foundation for true growth. Without
incorporating these aspects, mental and physical functioning becomes perfunctory and attempts
to stabilize this functioning or to retard deterioration will do only that. By placing an emphasis
on the development of inner processes, however, a nursing home program can spark the self-
awareness and self-motivation that will allow for true growth. One activity that encourages this
growth is music therapy. Guided Imagery and Music (GIM), a music therapy technique
developed and pioneered by Helen Bonny, RMT, PhD, is especially well suited to evoking inner
processes. It is a technique of listening to music while deeply relaxed. The music serves as a
catalyst for inner or unconscious thought processes. These unconscious thoughts are experienced
nonverbally during the playing of music as feelings, memories, or imagery (Bonny and Savary,
1973). A music therapist provides guidance in using this experience to work with and integrate
internal and external problems, relationships, memories, creative fantasy, and positive aspects of
the self (Bonny, 1978a). This paper presents some sample results of music therapy group
sessions conducted over one year in six nursing homes in the Baltimore area. Funded through the
Catonsville Community College Division of Continuing Education and Community Services,
each group consists of fifteen residents who meet weekly for approximately one hour.
Participants attend voluntarily, are usually verbal and are at least partially oriented to reality. All
groups are held in a dayroom with a staff person assisting when available; the sites are generally
comfortable and well staffed.

The GIM Experience

During the first weeks, music therapy activities such as singing, playing instruments and
musical games, moving and improvising are introduced. These activities encourage self-
awareness, selfexpression, and social interaction. Relationships begin to develop among
residents and with the therapist. At the same time, the music sessions provide a common,
unifying experience, creating a bond among the group members and encouraging them to
become more trusting and open At this point in the therapy. they are ready for GIM and the
opportunity to share of themselves on a deeper level. GIM begins with a five-minute relaxation
activity A progressive relaxation technique using the contrast of tension and relaxation
(Jacobsen, 1938), or exercises and deep breathing work well. The group is then given an image
or thought on which to focus its attention (Anderson and Savary, 1972). A suggestion that
members draw to mind an especially pleasant family memory or a favorite vacation spot helps
the residents to imagine themselves outside their immediate surroundings. The suggestion to let
go of worries and "let the music come inside” also makes way for an internal experience. At this
time, classical music, i.e., both music of the classical period as well as the art music of the
Western culture, is played for up to seven minutes. The music should match as closely as
possible the mood of the group (Bonny, 1978b) For example, if the group is generally irritated, a
piece such as Mendelssohn’s Agitation, Opus 53, Number 3 would appropriately echo that
feeling in sound. A group discussion follows the conclusion of the music. Members recall and
share the memories, images, or feelings that were evoked by the music. Exploration of their
experiences and interaction among group members is encouraged.
Responses to GIM

Several interesting results have been obtained with continued use of the GIM technique.
Typically, the self-esteem of the participants tends to increase. For example, since moving into
the nursing home, one resident had been feeling worthless and depressed. He grew stagnant, and
had little motivation to participate in activities or to interact with people. During a GIM session,
he had a memory of himself as an art student, painting confidently. His paint flowed with the
music and he created a detailed landscape. He vividly recalled his feelings of self-respect and
confidence, an experience that made him acutely aware of the difference between his youthful
enthusiasm and his present languor. Soon after this session, staff members reported that he began
painting in art therapy and that his constant self despair disappeared. He has also recently
volunteered to help decorate a monthly calendar and bulletin board. GIM is especially helpful
with those residents who constantly ruminate over certain thoughts or memories. In these cases,
familiar songs tend to encourage these repetitious reminiscences. The residents may have strong
associations with these songs because of their familiarity and therefore tend to perseverate on a
few of these surface memories. Unfamiliar music, on the other hand, brings many different
thoughts to the surface. Classical music is especially suited, since it can be experienced on many
different levels. The qualities inherent in classical music seem to elicit thoughts from deep in the
unconscious that are less accessible than those few surface memories. Letting just one new
stream of thought into consciousness may serve to break that antiquated, fixated pattern of
thinking. GIM also permits new experiences without leaving the dayroom. Since it is improbable
that most residents will travel outside the nursing home, they may welcome a seven-minute trip
to a different state or country. In one instance, an imaginary GIM trip to Hawaii was coordinated
with the nursing home’s “Hawaiian luau.” The activities director reported that when she asked
who had been to Hawaii, several of the music therapy group members smiled at each

GIM with the Elderly

other, and one exclaimed, “We have -the music took us there!” An example of a
particularly successful application of GIM was with a quadriplegic resident. During her fourth
GIM session. this resident was able to imagine herself dancing gracefully to Chopin as she had
not done in thirty years. She reported a “deep sense of joy” after this session. The discussion that
follows GIM is extremely important. The mere verbalizing of the GIM experience deepens its
meaning and increases its impact on the patient. It also sparks reactions such as support or anger
from other group members. During the discussion after one GIM activity, a resident burst into
tears as she related her experience of the memory of her deceased husband. The group members
came to her support by encouraging her tears, revealing similar hardships, and sharing how they
dealt with them. This support helped her to understand that she was not alone in her sadness and
that she need not suppress it. This type of group support can help to increase self-awareness and
selfacceptance, an internal change that fosters interpersonal relationships at the nursing home.
During the discussion in which the group member talked about his memory as an art student,
awoman in the group repeatedly commented, “Oh, isn’t he wonderful?” By the next session they
had begun a relationship -one that is still continuing several months later. This has been
important for both residents, since neither has had a deep relationship for over twenty years.
Generally, the sharing and interactions among the group encourage and reinforce each member’s
internal experiences, whether memory or fantasy, pleasant or unpleasant. These group
discussions are a privilege and a learning experience for the therapist. They also provide an
opportunity to develop sensitivity to the needs of the residents, their means of expressing these
needs, and the appropriate way to respond to each individual. Finally, in addition to the
psychotherapeutic effects of GIM, it exposes residents to classical music, which was enjoyed
without exception. A trip to an orchestra concert with a preconcert relaxation -instead of the
usual preconcert cocktail -is a good adjunctive activity.

Special Problems

The relaxation exercise or the calming of the music may often put certain group members
to sleep, specifically those who are heavily medicated. In this case, it may help to suggest that
the relaxation exercise will be energizing, as well as relaxing; a strong suggestion to feel the
energy communicated in the music may also prove stimulating. When a member does fall asleep,
it should be noted in the group discussion, where peers and therapist will usually express their
understanding and acceptance. Another problem is that other residents hesitate to fantasize and
find it difficult to “let the music inside.” They report that they “just listen to the music” or that
they “don’t think or feel anything.” They probably respond to the music stimulus on some level
that they are not verbalizing, and discussion about emotions can often encourage these patients to
verbalize their experience. Questions about the mood of the music, the patient’s mood before the
group, or other members’ emotions can be a catalyst in this sharing.

Conclusion

An elderly resident was taken to see a cardiologist who recommended that he give up
smoking cigars due to his heart condition. He was very reluctant to do this as he said it was the
one thing he enjoyed in life since his wife had died. Staff members stopped giving him cigars
and encouraged his abstinence. He began complaining that he was depressed, and that life was
miserable without his cigars. He died two weeks later of a heart attack, This is not to imply that
his abstinence from smoking caused his death, but rather to illustrate the futility of prolonging
life without considering its meaning to the individual. Developing sensitivity to the inner needs
of the residents during GIM activities can prevent a situation such as this, in which priorities
were confused due to staff insensitivity to inner needs. Each person’s individuality, no matter
how distasteful or unacceptable to the professional, should be taken into account in therapy. If
aspects of the psyche are silenced, the result can be an unsatisfactory life. On the other hand, if
we recognize and work with these integral parts of the personality, then we are encouraging a
meaningful life for each individual. GIM allows the residents to experience music and
themselves on the levels relevant to them, thereby providing a tool to realize their potential as
individuals who are not merely aging, but who are growing old.

References
Anderson, M & Savary, L passages: A Guide for pilgirsm the Mind New York: Harper & Row,
1972
Bonny, H. Facilitating GIM Sessions. Baltimore: ICM Books. 1978 (a)
Bonny, H The Role of Taped Music Programs in the GIM Process. Baltimore. ICM Books, 1978
(b).
Bonny. H & Savary, L Music and Your Mind: Listening With A New Consciousness. New York:
Harper & Row, 1973
Jacobsen, E Progressive Relaxation. Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 1938
Lisa Summer is a registered music
therapist and a Fellow of the Institute for
Consciousness and Music. In addition to
her private practice in Philadelphia, Lisa
is a clinician at Northwestern Institute of
Psychiatry and The Greentree Head Start
Program. She would like to give special
acknowledgment to Dr. Helen Bonny for
all her help and inspiration.
by guest on September 26, 2016
http://musictherapy.oxfordjournals.org/
2. Summary Downloaded from

The more mature cells of our body experience aging

let alone cognitive function in the brain in order to stabilize the functioning of the brain, the need
for certain techniques can include listening to classical songs or playing musical instruments
because of this music game we can improvise, encourage self-awareness, self-expression, and
social interaction and also as a therapist. At the same time, music sessions provide generality,
bring together experiences, create bonds between group members and encourage them to be
more trusting and open and can share to themselves at a deeper level. Classical music is also very
helpful for people in pondering over certain thoughts. In this case the familiar songs tend to
encourage these mementos over and over with these songs because they are habitual and
therefore tend to be piecemeal. On the other hand, this GIM technique also brings many different
experiences in the case to the surface. classical music that is very suitable, because it can be
experienced at various levels. The quality is inherent. This classical music seems to make the
client gain experience from deep in the subconscious that is less accessible which usually
includes some of their surface memories. Allowing only one stream of new thought to
conscience can break old-fashioned thinking patterns.
 Assigment 2 (INDIVIDU)
 Keywords:
- Visualization
- visualize a scene, a place, or an image
- Promote relaxation
- It can be done any place and any time
- short visualization
- Perhaps lying down
- close you're eyes
- let a wave of peace move throw you
- Relax
- lengthen
- Slowly
- Take a cleansing
- breathe
 Comments
I think this video is very good and useful because the content can help us at
certain times and also to practice guided imagery. But sometimes some people find it
difficult to focus and imagine something, so sometimes many patients fail to visualize
at the time of imagination. Because the important things about guided imagery are
focus and being able to imagine. Regarding the brief visualization I think this is not
enough for some people to guide to imagine a favorite picture because if we are in a
chaotic situation we will not be focused because it can affect the visualization of a
favorite image and it will be difficult for successful treatment. But for some people I
think this video can really help when we are stressed and there is no help that can help
this way I'm sure it will work.
  Assigment 3

Axda Pradana Mahesa Aryawitantra P17210181004 (Nurse)

Fadhila Setiawan P17210183065 (Patient)

One day at Asiyap.com Hospital, was treated at the hospital of a 35-year-old man with a
complaint that the patient felt depressed, anxious, stressed because he had just been dumped by
his girlfriend. This is the first time he has been hospitalized and made him feel anxious.
According to the results of the study the nurse experienced anxiety. So the nurse provides music
relaxation therapy to reduce the psychological burden.

Nurse : good morning sir, let me introduce my self my name is a nurse axda. How do you feel
today? How did you sleep last night? Can you sleep?

Patient: Good morning, I'm not fine because yesterday I couldn't sleep.

Nurse: why can't you sleep?

Patient: I keep thinking about my girlfriend who has mutilated me unilaterally.

Nurse: Okay I will give you music relaxation therapy to reduce the burden on your mind. This
will take around 10 to 15 minutes, are you willing?

Patient: Yes sir, I will take it

Nurse: Okay I will play music and put you in a comfortable position. After that close your eyes.
Let the waves of peace strike you. Now breathe slowly through the nose and out through the
mouth, feel relaxed. Again breathe and breathe, just relax. Try to find in your body where you
can feel his breathing very clearly. This could be your nostrils, mouth, or stomach, if you notice
that your breathing is short and shallow, see if you can slow your breath, there is no way you
need it right now. except here just being here with your breath. When you feel calm, direct your
attention to the place where your pain is, just observe yourself walking around it and seeing it
from every angle. Try to notice what the sensation of pain without emotion. You create a
struggle against it, maybe the pain is very deep and feels like a hard lash to your life. Now think
that you are in a dense forest that has not been touched by anyone there, you can hear the sound
of drops of water that fall with certainty that symbolizes our determination to rise from the pain.
a few minutes from now to visualize your pain fading away as you focus on pain relief. You are
not afraid to start all over again, will not back down and will always rise. life is not merely a
matter of romance, there are far more things than thinking of him who never thought of your
presence. Let him go. Let him go. Let it go, let it go, pay attention to it and watch it fade as you
breathe. Now start to open your eyes slowly and take a deep breath and exhale slowly. Okay how
do you feel now? Does it still hurt?

Patient: I feel more refreshing and calm, thank you sir..

Nurse: Yes, no problem sir, to if you need me again to give you therapy, you can contact me in
the nurse's room. Thank you, I hope you can get well soon and meet again with a partner that
suits your wishes.

After that the father did not feel anxious and felt calmer. After that the father left the
hospital because he was cured.