Running Head: GLOBAL INEQUALITY 1

GLOBAL INEQUALITY
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Table of Contents

Introduction......................................................................................................................................2

Defining global inequality...............................................................................................................2

Geography....................................................................................................................................3

Colonialism..................................................................................................................................3

Structure of the economy.............................................................................................................3

Population growth........................................................................................................................4

Government policies....................................................................................................................4

Political instability.......................................................................................................................4

Impact of technology and social change on global inequality.........................................................4

Impact of social change on global inequality...............................................................................5

Impact of technology on global inequality..................................................................................7

Conclusion.......................................................................................................................................8

References........................................................................................................................................9
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Introduction

Global inequality or international inequality is referring to the idea of the inequality

existing between two or more countries. Thus, the process of global inequality can be observed

evidently between different individuals in society, who belong to different countries of the

world. In basic context, the occurrence of global inequality can be observed in various aspects

such as economic differences, medical care and educational differences. According to the reports

it is to be observed that the process of global inequality is increasing with the development of

economy and that also casts prominent impact on the society and its people from the negative

angle. The process of global as well as international inequality is adversely affecting the overall

development process of various countries all around the world. Therefore, in that context, the

current discussion contains assessment of the effects of global inequality observed within the

different sectors of the globe. There is also a discussion of the impact of social changes on global

inequality. Not only that the impact of technological changes due to global inequality sustenance

are also discussed with a clear view.

Defining global inequality

Global inequality is nurturing the inequality exiting between the common aspects of

different countries, which have different social value, culture, economy and political

perspectives. In many cases, it is observed that the occurrence of inequality in the global context

can happen not only among different countries but also among different people, who are

belonging to the same country. International inequality can be defined from different

perspectives such as economy, education and medical services. The inequality in different

aspects can serve the process of revaluation among the countries of the world (Milanovic, 2016).

According to the experts, equality is the process, in which one can live without any biased
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preferences and this process also analyses that the people of a country cannot live their life with

satisfaction if a range of constant demands are left unattained and is provided to a limited few in

the same society. In the general context, it can be defined that inequality is the idea, in which one

person cannot live without having envy. Different countries of the world are becoming envious

in terms of mitigating the various needs of their day-to-day life cycles. The needs that serve the

enviousness among the country people are food, clean water and health care services provided in

the proper manner. Through the observation, it can be noted that the envy or the rivalry among

the country people in terms of their daily needs are occurring regularly as they cannot live

without the basic amities of proper living (Alvaredo et al. 2017).

The critical discussions and assessments provided in various advanced explanations

provided in the current assignment are serving a clear view of the reason of inequality on global

scale that is providing an insight into global inequality. The reasons that are generating global

inequality are mentioned below:

Geography

In many cases, it is observed that the geographical location of some countries is affecting

the growth process of the national economy in adverse manner. On the other hand, it is also

observed that the geographical locations of various countries are acting as a factor for generating

positive impact on countries around the globe (Alstadsæter, Johannesen & Zucman, 2018).

Colonialism

The process of colonialism defines that people in past had been are travelling from one

place to another and they gradually as well as occasionally settled in new places. The settler

often succeeded with attaining higher economic strata in the society and sometimes failed,

nevertheless, creating economic and social inequality on global scale.

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Structure of the economy

The process of colonialism and the historical experiences are casting effective impact on

the presence of inequality and in that context poor countries are becoming poorer and rich

countries are becoming richer.

Population growth

Over the years it is observed that the poor countries had their large scale of population

and that serves as the causes of the lack of resources. Therefore, the presence of more people

requires more resources and that turns to inequality of distribution of the resources.

Government policies

Within the eastern countries, there is the presence of some policies in which the country

people have to rely on a religious view, more than rational logic application. The presence of the

biased policies implies that the country people of these political areas are unable to have their

medical treatments in case of health related issues (Xiao, Bao & Shi, 2016).

Political instability

Many countries in the international context do not have a proper government structure.

The lack of presence of the proper governmental structure is act as a hindrance at the time of

decision making in terms of using resources with the proper contexts.

Process of inequality in the world has been in existence through social malpractices for

several decades and in many cases, global inequality is leading to extreme poverty to some

people. In various cases, the developed countries have acquired and attained extreme

development in economic aspects. Through the observation of the world report, it can be

mentioned that inequality in an international context is serving as a prime factor of the

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development process used in countries and in that respect; while the developing countries are

facing the negative effects of unequal development of other countries.

Impact of technology and social change on global inequality

Impact of social change on global inequality

Social changes are creating social issues in many cases and in as a result of these issues,

it is observed that positive as well as negative impact on the economic system of various

countries are becoming evident. In that respect, it can be added that the social changes are

interrelated with the power of economic wealth and power of concentration. In basic context, the

social changes are causing as well as sustaining inequality and that leads to the insecurity among

the people in the society. The very insecurity, which is the result of persistent social inequality, is

destroying the healthy balance, which is required within the social context of all countries on the

planet. In the rich society, the links that prevail between the economic development and real

improvements are broken concerning the presence of unsustainable social changes accepted at a

rapid pace. Improper social changes are also being precursor of devastating consequences using

the format of inequality within the healthcare sector of society, causing inconveniences for the

people and also causing massive losses in the economic sectors among unequal countries of the

global healthcare sector (Beck, 2016). Improperly planned social changes are generating

economic and health problems and these issues are observed not only among countries but also

between different strata of the society.

The global population is affected by the issues pertaining to financial, health and all

associated social aspects such as education, culture and war. The inequality of income and

distribution of monetary resources contribute to poverty and diversity of status in the people that

affected the entire society. It has been found that the economy has become globalised in the
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present day and this has affected most in the society as it developed diversity in the society. The

wealth is circulated among few people and that increase financial inequality in the society. The

rate of poverty is increasing and the distance between rich and poor is increasing (Louis &

Montiel, 2018). However, based on the observation of social inequality, different status in the

society and the approach of conducts are observed and also changes made in accordance to the

status of the society is also noted. From different resources, it has been found that the level of

inequality is increasing within countries all around the world rapidly.

On the other hand, the possibilities of war are also increasing due to the global economy

as it provides income inequality in society. Due to the global economy, the global market is

dominated by different countries and that affect the income of a less influential nations. In this

context, the possibilities of different disputes such as global trade policy or security system can

create and enhance the possibilities of war. However, it affects the entire global society as it

brings the destruction of human life, liberty and wealth (Ritchie, Reay & Higgins, 2018). It has

been also found that the effect of the war between the two countries also affected the global

market. Due to war, the environment of the earth is also affected. On the other hand, the

revolution of the industry is a major change that affects the different societies around the globe.

It not only increases the inequality of income but also affects the entire environment. The rate of

pollution is increasing in the globe that is affecting the health system of global people. Different

types of diseases have also increased due to the pollution and for malnutrition in the world,

generates as a by-product of social inequalities on global levels. According to the report of WHO

children, who live in the society and for the polluted environment which harbours inequality,

suffer most. The poverty level is increasing and it is adversely affecting the education of children

(Jorgenson et al. 2019).

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Impact of technology on global inequality

The growth of economy and technology as well as communication, robots and

transportation development has become among the major reasons that enhances inequality all

around the world. The growth of technology affects the entire system of the income distribution.

The development of technology has become the major cause that reduces the productivity of

labour as robots become the new technology that replaces it. However, this type of automatic

machines is also creating inequality in society. New technology exposes new strength in the

sector of services and generates new product for human well-being that generate global

inequality. However, these new technologies are holding a specific market and that affect the

income of the people in global market (Dabla-Norris et al. 2015). The productivity of labour is

reduced due to the effect of automatic machine and technology. At the same time, it affects the

multitude of opportunities for people and becomes the reason for economic inequality. The

growth of technology is affecting the entire globe as it changes the living standard of people and

also affects the income of them. At the same time, it enhances the increase of poverty all around

the world.

In current circumstances of the globe, a huge revolution occurred in the sphere of

communication system that also has a great impact on the global sellers and buyers. Digital

communication system and the use of social media for the business purposes are increasing and

that is the reason various opportunities are opened and that affect the global market. Small scale

industries are affected by modern communication technologies because they can compete with

bigger size organisations. Therefore, the market is captured by bigger businesses and it has

become the major reason that affects the income distribution system (Bauer, 2018). The growth

of technology increased various scopes for economic development but at the same time, it also
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affected the job worldwide. The robots are more efficient and expose more capability than man

this is the reason farms included robots or automatic machines in place of labour that affect the

entire market of employment. The rate of unemployment is increasing and that affects the entire

global income. The skill of labour is also affected by the growth of technology. It has been

observed by the different resources that the 0.1% income inequality has been observed in the

entire world due to the growth of technology. On the other hand, the rate of job satisfaction and

security is also reduced in a rapid sense that affects the global economy (Maurer, Musaraj &

Small, 2018). However, the high skilled labours are experiencing less job security and that

increase the racism in the entire world. Wages of labours are also affected by the use of modern

technology and robots that affect the inequality of income and the distribution system associated

with it (Wilson, 2016).

Conclusion

It is concluded that people all around the globe are facing inequality and that enhances

diversity in the global society. The social and technological changes are recognised as the reason

behind the inequality in the entire world. The industrial revolution and economic globalisation

have become the reason behind income inequality. However, it affects society and generates

status in the society that also derives diversity in society. On the other hand, the growth of

technology has also affected the global society. Robots and other autonomous technology are

replaced by labour and that affect the productivity of labour required for global purposes. It also

increases the inequality in society. However, it is concluded that social and technological

changes should be maintained in a suitable way so that it affects less on cosmopolitan lifestyle.
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References

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Macro evidence and implications for global inequality. Journal of Public Economics,

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Alvaredo, F., Chancel, L., Piketty, T., Saez, E., & Zucman, G. (2017). Global inequality

dynamics: New findings from WID. world. American Economic Review, 107(5), 404-09.

Bauer, J. M. (2018). The Internet and income inequality: Socio-economic challenges in a

hyperconnected society. Telecommunications Policy, 42(4), 333-343.

Beck, U. (2016). Cosmopolitan sociology: Outline of a paradigm shift. In The Ashgate research

companion to cosmopolitanism (pp. 29-44). Routledge.

Dabla-Norris, M. E., Kochhar, M. K., Suphaphiphat, M. N., Ricka, M. F., & Tsounta, E. (2015).

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Monetary Fund.

Jorgenson, A. K., Fiske, S., Hubacek, K., Li, J., McGovern, T., Rick, T., ... & Zycherman, A.

(2019). Social science perspectives on drivers of and responses to global climate change.

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Milanovic, B. (2016). Global inequality: A new approach for the age of globalization. Harvard

University Press.
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Ritchie, H., Reay, D. S., & Higgins, P. (2018). The impact of global dietary guidelines on

climate change. Global environmental change, 49, 46-55.

Wilson, J. (Ed.). (2016). Overcoming Gender Inequalities through Technology Integration. IGI

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