Vectors - 1

09-04-20
Dear students

I am Saurabh Kumar your physics mentor. I have studied BTech in

mechanical engineering and for the past 20 years I am training the
students for IIT and other engineering entrance exams.

Please find the notes of today’s class conducted on 9th April 2020
in today’s class I have covered very basic topics of vectors. In this
class we have covered the concept of physical quantities scalars
and vectors its representation and laws of addition of Vectors.
Please revise the class notes and clear all your doubts immediately.

Happy learning
Saurabh bhaiya
 Class will Start at 3:00 PM
-
Hgsi
clop y I class Notes
-

copy -2 Questions /
Module/ Workbook

Vectors class lath Maths (last

-

NCERT

pen - 2 Colour .

doubts -

forum
1- WhatsAppyour
-

contact centre teachers .

Session Objectives
1. Physical quantities
Scalar
Vectors
Ratios
2. Representation of a vector
Geometric
Symbolic
3. Collinear vectors.
4. Equal vectors
5. Opposite vectors.
6. Multiplication of vector by a scalar
7. Triangle law of addition.
8. Parallelogram law of addition.
 Physical Quantities -

anyquantity which can be

measured Is known as a
physical quantity .

time , t,
force momentum etc
Eg
Carrey
mass , ,
.

I
T O T
Scalar Vector
pure ratio
Scm¥ These the quantities which
are

have
only magnitude butnumbers
direction
They
no .

be treated just
can &
they
as

follow simple algebra .

Eg
: time distance
mais, ,
etc
, speed , density .
Vectors quantity which has boththe
any
-

obeys Vector face

magnitude
addition
f direction &
of .

Substation
These follow Vector rules
of addition ,

and
multiplication .

in Vectors
Division is not
defined .

acceleration
Eg to
-

displacenut force momentum

oh -
, , ,

Electric current does not

addition
→
-1 3 A
follow of vector law

# hence IA can
m scalar
be

quantity
considered
.
Ratios (unit less)
-

Refractive index Cn) =

Speedoflightlnvaccums
feed of light In medium
Relative density CR -

b) =
densHyoftheSubstan#
density of
water at toe
Representation of a Vector .

① Geometric representation
"
.

-7
=
magnitude
length Head direction
d-
=

length =
magnitude
 N
N -
W N -

u so
=
w e

98-0

S S -
E
S
.

W
 N
-

East

.gg#geotofnh
of
north
zoo
W e

s
 F- SN towards east

5N
→ east

ft 's
"

÷:mtg

tqy.mn?oth-
em
Symbolic hopresentntou .

v→ FT at s→ IT
Ix e -
modulus
magnitude =

IFT E F

let = a
 Collines Vectors which
- in One are

line be
or
bought to One line are called
can

as collinear vectors .

p→ q→
→ →

→
# we GET rotate a free Vector
to itself cannot
# By shifting any vector panellat
direction hence it
change its
magnitude or

remains
unchanged .

f→ 77
B
like Vectors a-
→

Unlike Vectors →

Vectors direction known

like
having
Vectors .
Same are as

unlike
Vectors
vectors
having off direction are
Equal Vectors Same
magnitude

[
-
same

Same
direction

physical qty .

→ F = SN

→ F = 5N

5N

{-# Smp
→
Not
equal
 Said to be
Two vectors are
equal if they
Same direction &
have Samo
magnitude ,
they
represent same
physical qty .

Opposite Vectors same

magnitude
g-
-

-
opposite
Same
direction

physical qty
-1 7 3
m/s
3
m/s a-
Two vectors are Saidto be opposite ifthey have .

opposite directions but

magnitude
same &
they
are
representing same
physical qty .
Multiplication of a Vector
by a scalar -

suppose k is Scalar A→ Is Vector

any any
→
KA

* Cmg
tins
mtude
of the Vector has become k
# If k s t
magnitude of vector has decreed
the
vector has
# If K > I the magnitude of increased .

k
# If ks o means is -
ve

the direction
of theVector is

reversed .
 op

A- Negative of Vector a

its direction means is

its
g-
At
reversed
keeping
-

magnitude Same .

KAT let k= 2 .
'

.
KA means = 2B
→

→
let k AI
=L KA s -

- -

→
I
2
.
Angle betweentwo Vectors
vectors tall to
-

tail & look atthe Smaller

joinbetween .

angle them '

'
between AT&T
angle is O

→ '
BT
'
-
.
i
- -

¥
-
-
- -
of
E
p→
4¥
"

¥
 Addition of Vectors
Triangle lane of addition .

§ PT =A→+B→

if
→
B→

→
-

TB
 #
→
*

R→=AttB
geometrical method
of D la I
 id
letmagof F' is A @ B' is B

AfBls0R
may
-

,
E'
mag of angle b/w
is R
A :
Dad =\
.ae#rrae2tcd&--ad2- ①
a
B b e

s¥÷÷÷÷÷÷÷÷÷÷f÷o÷÷÷±÷o
abtbe A bed
ace
ed ed
Cabtbc )2ted2=ad Sino -

=R2 be = AGO -3C

A4sin2OtGs2§tB2+2ABGsO
A.2-IB2-IIAB.GS#-R&
÷÷÷÷÷÷.¥t÷÷÷÷÷÷÷
R2 A2tBt2ABGoO
If 0=98
>

If cos @ =/ 0=0 Cos 0=0

R2 = A&t BE -1 IAB Rda Ad -1 BE

2
R2 =
( At B)
R=T¥

R2 =
CA ,
-

B)
2
RMAX .

K =

min
.
A -
B
Rmin LRLRMAX
-
-
outs
'iuIeEEHw*E→debyp#7;D A

-
AE . . .
't
a b
B c

tand-cad-abfbe.tand-AQ.gg
-
-
cost

cost = BtACosO
R
Sind = .

Cady a Astrid
R
 A -

B L
-
R
-
( At B

Quee If we havetwo
forces Kid
each
of magnitude f
inclined at
angle O the resultant
.

an .

of
these
So In
forces
R2
.

e
AQ t BE t LAB Cos O
=

.es/i#ta ioE.. z@
A = B = F cos 20=650 -
Sino

RE = FE -1 FI t 2 FIGS 0 Cos 20=2650 -

I I + Cos 20 2 Cos 20
R£ 21=26so
=

= IF +

÷÷÷÷÷÷E*z
go-to

t¥
rk .

RH

x.HN//.h....*.o...
r

'
i
i

0=22 L
Oz
'

0=2+2 -
'

-
-_

Coste RIL
F
R=2FGsL
Pg =
Fast

R=2FGs€
 If
' '

.
✓
•

A = IO B - G

Rmin=4 Rmax = 16
-

A -
B IR ↳ ATB
A - 7N Be 5N

Ronin - 7-5=2 Rma -7-15=12

,

Ronin -_ IN
 TT

A- BE RE ATB

(a) Ronin = O Rmax = 4 I

6 V
(b) Ronin = 2 Rmax =

Rmax 8 I
(e) Ronin 4 =
=

Rmax 10
X correct option Is Cd )
(d) Rimini 6 =
- r OSE

I:¥¥÷÷÷÷
EE 4¥ €4
÷
"

" " "

' '

:*

.
 land of add
I¥in l
m
ll
nd
T.si
,

±→
.

→ *Bbs
a
AT b Oc

af t c d2 =
ad
&

R2 = A
E
t BE + 2 AB G s O
Next dais
11am lane HD
=
laid
polygon
Substrata @ vector
Notes : revise
unit vector copy .

Component @
rotor

addrgvoctrbycompomts
forces
dats
.

Thankyounext i.

See you