Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Tharika
Student Name Madhuhansi , S. Chandrika M.Manohara, Shehani D.K.M. Purnima
Student Number 15209065, 15208855,15209024,15208995
Assessment Title Assignment 02
Module Title Managing Change
Module Code BMGT2001L
Module Coordinator Damien Fernando
Tutor (if applicable) Mr.Rajitha Priyankara Silva
“We declare that all materials included in this report is the end result of our own work and that
due acknowledgement have been given in the bibliography and references to all sources be they
printed, electronic or personal”
Batch 19
Executive summary
In this assignment we focused on a hotel industry, a specific identified hotel named “Thushara
Hotels and Resorts” which is a medium sized business entity which owns two hotels in two
locations in the same District. Business runs by a sole proprietor with approximately 30 fellow
staff members. First we analyzed the function of the hotel by visiting the hotel, making phone
calls, and viewing the history of the business. Our research proved that the hotel was running in a
flat management structure and due to that we found out the losses and wastage is more than the
profit earned by the hotel. Collected data were evident to the scenario. Our first chapter
introduces the hotel and its surrounding and why did we selected this as our assignment.
Moving forward in the second chapter we reviewed the literature to seek how the Lewin’s 3 steps
model work out in an action of Change management and how the organization benefits, how we
will approach the change on which areas and what are the reliable samples can be used to
evaluate the model and avoid resistance.
In Chapter 3, we have presented our collected information and have hi-lighted the major issues
identified that we plan to work on towards improvement.
Next, going forward we analyzed and discussed about the issues identified in details. Especially
we discussed about the current management structure, high amount of wastage human and non
human, Time wastage and in efficiency, decrease demand of the organization, environmental
issue, and ultimate negative impact from customers and with all these potential losses of the
hotel in the long run. These widely explain in Chapter 4.
Chapter 5 and 6 were dedicated to elaborate in presenting of our recommended changes to the
identified issue and the ways on implementing them overcoming the resistance. Here we
applied Lewin’s theory and his 3 steps model to the proposed new change. This way we have
shown the expected improvement of the organization with the new changes.
At the end, we used Chapter 7 to conclude our complete study based on all what we found out, discussed,
analyzed and recommended.
Table of content
Chapter one......................................................................................................................................1
1. Introduction..............................................................................................................................1
Chapter two......................................................................................................................................3
2. Literature review......................................................................................................................3
Chapter three....................................................................................................................................7
3. Presentation of information.....................................................................................................7
Chapter four.....................................................................................................................................9
Chapter five...................................................................................................................................12
Recommendations..................................................................................................................12
Chapter six.....................................................................................................................................15
Chapter seven.................................................................................................................................17
7. Conclusion.............................................................................................................................17
References......................................................................................................................................19
1. Introduction
Introduction to the Project
'Thushara Hotel and Resorts' business owns a sole proprietor and about 30 employees are
working. The management structure consists with one hierarchical position and the lower level
staff. The organizational structure seems flat and no delegation of authority is distributed.
Identified current issue is that the hotel does not have a proper management structure to achieve
competitive advantage of the business. Every activity will have to be administered by the owner
in two hotels include administration, finance, operations and maintenance mainly. Due to this
issue hotel was not able to achieve a expected targets as more than the profit it experiences the
waste and losses at the same time. The organizational structure of the hotel does not address the
job descriptions to its staff to perform well and to achieve organization goals. Due to a large
work group lack of communication between the management and the staff results the slow
development of the business. This results the lack of updates with the comparative hotels around
the area. Although the hotel has a good reputation, the business is running very slow or in the
same way since 2000 comparatively. No significant development can be seen in the business
although it earns profits. The reason identified as the work load and pressure on the owner of the
business. Apart from this, there is wastage of bulk of money in the business due to not having a
Vision to the business. No mission statement to motivate staff or to prove what they gift to the
society. At the same time labour turnover is very high due to not having proper managerial
structure.
As no tasks were set up for an individual or a designated group, job repetition, wastage of
manpower or lack of efficiency have slow down the growth of the hotel.
As a remedy for these issues, we are going to design a new management structure for ‘Thushara
Hotel and Resorts’. We believe one of the most important new business methods is
transformational management, and it appears as one of the most efficacious ways of managing a
hotel. Changing management structure of an organization is done infrequently. If the business
wants to be competitive with other hotels, new systems and developed principles determine how
the structure organizations affect for the greatest efficiency and productivity.
Thushara Hotels and Resorts’ entered into business in 2000, being designed for both businesses
and leisure travels which is solely owned by Mr. Thushara Chaminda Buddadasa. The business
owns two hotels located in two different locations under the same management and same name.
Two hotels were located in Welimada and Boralanda. Main hotel is located in Welimada, at
Colombo-Nuwara Eliya road and the other one is in Boralanda which is also in Bandarawela.
Both hotels are benefited their locations as guests could easily access to all around the city while
enjoying their stay in the hotels. There can be seen a few tourist attractive places such as Horton
Plains National Park in Ohiya, famous waterfalls like Devon Falls Ravana Falls and eye catching
places like Bomburu Ella, Devatharu Ella, Gerandi Ella and Rathna Ella.
Also since ancient Dhowa rock temple, historical Roman Catholic Church are well known
heritage sites close to the hotel which gives more value to the hotel to attract more
guests.Thushara Hotel and Resorts' has a comprehensive set up to provide excellent services and
superior facilities to its guests to make their stay unforgettable. It also offers access to a vast
array of services, including 24-hour room service, Wi-Fi Internet access in public areas, parking
facilities, and airport transfers to the guests. There are two employees at the front desk during
24/7 in helping the customers at any time.
Thushara Hotel at Welimada contains with 5 Executive rooms and 15 normal rooms. There are
12 numbers of staff are there to facilitate guests. Thushara Hotel at Boralanda is comparably
smaller to the hotel at Welimada. It consists of 2 Executive rooms and 8 normal rooms. Number
of staff members will be 8. There are separate workers for cleaning and maintenance, laundry
and maintain gardens at hotels. Both hotels are well furnished and even provide televisions in
rooms with LCD/plasma screens, heating and bar facilities. Vehicles also are available for hire to
visits. Besides the paid services, hotel offers recreational facilities at no cost assuring customers
a plenty to do during their stay at hotel. Both the hotels are administered and monitored solely by
Mr. Thushara Buddadasa the owner of the hotel since its start in 2000.
Chapter two
2. Literature review
Change management can be defined as the process, techniques and tools that can be applied to
manage the personnel side of change to achieve a required business goal or outcome. In here
ultimate goal of change is to improve the process, organizational structure, job roles and systems
by impacting all of these or a few of them by the change. Although the numerous approached can
be applied to enhance the organization, all of them finally prescribe adjustments or changes of
one or more elements mentioned above. As a result of the ultimate goal, “change’ in an
organization will lead to move an organization from current status to a desired future status.
As the world is moving very fast today any business is looking for a change is common and is a
situational need. In fact, every business should embrace change for the survival as because
without a change business would likely happen to lose their competitive edge and will not be
possible to meet the needs of a growing base of loyal customers.
Unfreezing is the most important stage as that is the initiative of process of the three steps. First,
the company needs to understand the need of the change and need to get ready for the change.
Unfreezing and getting driven for the change, by considering up the 'pro's' and 'con's' and
determining the weight of them before the action is being taken is important as this has been the
basis introduced as the Force Field Analysis by Kurt Levin which is also linked with his change
management perspectives.
Kurt Lewin’s theory applies the change or the transition as the second step of change
management. This is known as a process than an event. This stage occurs as we make the
change as needed. People are obviously resistant to change as they are uncertain or even fearful
for a new change. Resistance to change of people is one of the major issues that the
organization experience in this stage. Management can succeed the process by convincing staff
of this need, openly and clearly keeping transparency and honesty. When the employees are
involved in the process, they will understand the need for change and they can work on their
awareness of the change.
Mentoring and support does work well here and can be in the form of coaching, training, and
expecting mistakes as part of the process. It also well benefits keep communicating a clear
picture of what is the desired change and the benefits that can derives from the change. It will
help people understand the sight of where are they are heading. This can be done using the role
models and allowing people to come up with their own solutions which will also help to make
the changes.
This is actually setting the change as desired initially. After this process it is important to sustain
the change as people may incline to revert to their existing positions. Therefore, it is needed to
make proper arrangement to carry out interim evaluations as necessary and determine the
adjustments when and where necessary. This assures employees understand the change
effectively, being the situation stabilized. As a result, they will act accordingly with the new
situation and appreciate the outcome and advantages.
What we have to learn and how to approach to change from Kurt Lewin’s Change Theory:
When an organization identified a change is required by diagnosing the case, before embarking
on a strategic changing process management should carefully consider the scope and impact of
the change they require. As this is very important assimilating change into their culture. It is
important to consider the two variables of ‘scope of the change’ and ‘the impact of the change’.
A few good examples that are recorded to prove the Kurt Lewin’s theory has been effective in an
organizational change toward survival of the market.
1). Applying Lewin’s change management theory to the implementation in bar-coded medication
administration.
These two can be presented as double matrix which will provide frame work to thinks and decide
scope and impact clearly.
Medication safety has been identified by the Institute for Safe Medication Practices Canada
(ISMPC) as a priority among hospitals and long term care facilities since medication errors in
hospitals are a serious threat to patient safety. Several studies (Carroll, 2003; Dennison, 2007;
DE Young, Vanderkooi, & Barletta, 2009) indicated that the rates of fatalities associated with
medication errors in the United States were greater than 7000 deaths annually, and affected three
to five percent of in-hospital patients. The ramifications of medication errors affect all healthcare
organizations, resulting in consumer mistrust, increased healthcare costs, and patient injury or
death (Carroll, 2003). Medication errors can occur at any stage of the dispensing and
administration process but only an estimated five percent are noted in nursing documentation,
suggesting that many errors that have not led to serious results are unreported (Wilkins &
Shields, 2008).
As a precaution of mistake that can happen in today’s rapidly widening healthcare industry
technological advancement can challenge medical staff in many ways. As medication errors in
medical hospitals lead to shocking consequences for both nurses and patients, it was identified
that a change is needed to the industry. As a result of the diagnosis of authorities, Lewin’s
change management theory was applied in implementation in bar-coded medication
administration.
Through this implementation, it was able to compare bar codes between patients’ identification
bands and prescribed medication. This resulted reduce medication errors significantly. Lewin’s
theory lead in this scenario to a better understanding of how change affects the organization,
identify barriers for successful implementation and is useful for identifying opposing forces that
act on human being.
Chapter three
3. Presentation of information
Current organizational structure is a flat one ; all the employees are over looked by the
owner.
Propitor
Laundry men - 02
Gardeners -02
Chefs -02
Assistant chefs-03
Waiters -05
Helpers -04
Rewards to employees
Salary advance
Free meals
Free accommodation
4 days leave per month
Most of the above information was gathered by having discussions with relevant parties and by
observing the current situation and the environment.
Chapter four
In the Current Management Structure, it shows all the employees are headed by the
proprietor. Some time it leads to negative impact to the organization. Since the proprietor
being busy most of the time he will not be able to communicate with the staff and to
provide clear details at the right time. This lack of supervision and communication will
lead to staff do what they want or do nothing as they do not receive proper guidance.
A.1. High Amount of wastage mainly can be divided into two parts as follows:
On the other hand, as no one to supervise the staff or to look into the resources on a daily, more
mistakes or repetition of the same job can be experienced. In this scenario no one can evaluate
the lost of money and the resources as well as the man power.
B. Time wastage
Time wastage is in every task or an action due to non skilled staff as no efficiency
can be seen due to lack of knowledge, common sense or the education or training.
Also no proper discipline or well manners can be seen from the staffs which are
the keys of hospitality management in the hotel industry. In a long run this may
lead to a dissatisfaction of the customers.
If, the standard customer services or cleanliness cannot be expected from the
hotel or the staff customer will no longer can be expected to be there.
E. Environmental issues
Environment should have a clean and clear picture. Customer expectations are
changing very rapidly. More than the luxurious facilities customers do expect
natural beauty and eco friendly environments. They prefer organic food rather
than condensed food. Love to use organic or natural products more than the
artificial stuff.
This is the ultimate result if the management does not diagnose and treat the
issues in any organization. High amount of wastage of money, resources, man
power and time, customer complaints or customer dissatisfaction or no customer
attraction or decreasing the demand of the hotel in a long way will run at a lost or
the business will be getting lost day by day.
Chapter five
Recommendations
1. Change the Current Structure
Current Management is handling by the proprietor, and analysis shows its failure we
recommend recruit a Human Resource Manager and an Operations Manager to delegate
the workload of the proprietor. Both of these can handle the internal environment of the
organization. Apart from that, company Human Resource will be managed by the
Human Resource Manager while Handling the Financial side. Then Non Human
Resources operations can be handled by the Operations Manager.
As a result all the employees will work for betterment and will deliver higher
performance. This results organization’s profits increase. Employee efficiency will
reduce high amount of Human Resource and Non-Human Resource wastage drastically.
Automatically these improvements will link to the financial benefits of the organization.
Increase the discipline of workers, through that customer attraction and interest will
increase and this assures best customer feedback among the competitors.
Above recommended newly recruited Human Resource Manager can control the wastage
of human resources. Initially the proper qualified people should be recruited to needy
positions and need to develop their skills, knowledge and attitudes thru training in house
and outbound. This way labor turn over and time wasting can be minimized.
2.2 Non-Human Resource
It should be a responsibility of Operations manager that look into all the stores belongs to
the organization. Need to use the proper system electronically or manually to maintain
the vegetables and other foods stuff including all consumable items. This will help to
minimize the wastage of Non-Human Resources. Also he needs to maintain the stock
control system and the facilities maintenance system.
Above recommended newly new Human Resource Manager and the Operations Manger both can
handle the internal environment of organization. Proper management will achieve best results
from all the employees. Employees will develop and company assures their better performance.
This results organization’s profits increases. Also minimizes high amount of Human Resource
and Non-Human Resource wastages. These changes assure financial benefits to the organization.
Increase discipline of workers will attract more customers. This way customer feed back will
increase and it leads to be a market leader among competitors as the good hospitality is a key of
the hotel industry.
We recommend organizing the 2 weeks training program for newly recruited employees
because some of them have qualification but not experience and some of them do not
have both. Training will benefit both, not only with the knowledge but also specifically
their learn job and the organizational culture. Also develop employee’s skills and
attitudes towards organizational goals as through they will be motivate and confident in
their positions.
Recommend computer based data base system for post personnel and Non-Human Resources
linked to the Proprietor enabling him view and identify any issue of organization. He will be
able to make recommendation to recruit right people at the right time to minimize or avoid the
employee turn over. Also recommend Probation period to be set up for new employees by
setting some goals, as this way they have employees will have to show their talents. To reduce
employee turn over we suggest employee contract with terms and conditions to be introduced.
Hotel should bring their environment from industrial view to Eco friendly set up by doing the
followings:
7. Conclusion
As a partial fulfillment of managing change module we were assigned to conduct a study about a
change process of a Sri Lankan company for conduct this study we select Thushara hotels as the
organization. Face to face discussions, interviews, and direct observation was the data collecting
used to conduct this study.
Organizational structure
Human resource handling process
Environment
Waste management system
In order to change above things, it is recommend to use following things for the betterment of the
organization.
.
References
"Applying Lewin’S Change Management Theory To The Implementation Of Bar-Coded
Medication Administration | Canadian Journal Of Nursing Informatics". Cjni.net. N.p.,
2016. Web. 6 June 2016.
"Kurt Lewin 3 Phase Change Management Model And Change Theory". Change
Management Consultant. N.p., 2016. Web. 8 June 2016.
"The Kurt Lewin Model Of Change". Change Management Coach. N.p., 2016. Web. 6
June 2016.
Vliet, Vincent. "Lewin's Change Management Model - Toolshero". Toolshero.com. N.p.,
2014. Web. 6 June 2016.
"Why Is Change Important In An Organization?". Smallbusiness.chron.com. N.p., 2016.
Web. 3 June 2016.
Individual reflections (Appendices 001)
It was very interesting and little difficult task as this was a group assignment.Finding facts and
details and comparing and aligning them according to the task allocated were a tough experience
because we had four members in the group. Most of them were not associated before in this
program. But since all the members were highly corporative we could get together to analyze the
information gathered successfully to give recommendations and analyze the change process.
This activity helps me to understand how important group working is to find out solutions for
problems and achieve success. I understood the importance of most of the change theories. If an
organization wants to lead on the path of success, it is very vital that they adopt changes
according to the theory. Finally I state that I improved my knowledge on report writing,
referencing, team working and leadership and applying theory in to practical scenarios.
.
Nanayakkara Tharika Madhuhansi K.G
Regarding this Group Assignment have done my part actively with the help of other members.
We were doing that activity by discussing, exchanging ideas and arguing and doing some
experiments to that organization and how to implement change. We read books, and case studies
about subject and the hotel industry most of the time. Identified the new things of hotel industry
and what needs to be done for development of the hotel industry. Our team leader provided more
details and always motivated us. I would like to take this opportunity to thank our lecturer
Mr.Rajitha Silva for guiding us for such a wonderful group assignment.
S. Chandrika M. Manohara
It had been a wonderful experience working in my group by discussing and sharing our ideas to
comply our obligation. This was not the first experience of mine completing a group
assignment, yet I found a great interest of my group on how we cooperate within ourselves. We
initially met together and set our goals. Divided portions among us to work on.. yet we all get
together and researched and collected facts, data and theory to succeed our obligation
successfully. Our constant group chat was effectively worked well. Everyone did their piece of
work and we gathered them together to make our assignment. I completed the theoretical part
doing literature review and wrap up the complete assignment by editing where necessary. All
members shared equally and supported each other to support our colleagues who take the lead to
submit assignment electronically and the other one who was willing to submit the hard copy to
the NSBM. While learning of the change management assessing a real scenario we achieved a
great success working as a group sharing our different ideas. Brain storming worked well and
final result delivered a best product, our assignmen
Name: Shehani, D.K.M. Purnima
All of the group members decided first to study the types of changes that companies had made
during last few years through online resources and got an idea about real change management.
Then read theory reference readings as much as possible. We selected Thushara Hotels in
making a change in management structure. We had to contact Mr Thushara to get organizational
information as it is not having a website. By group discussion we shared the tasks in preparing
the report. Then pointed out important points for the report and prepared the organizational
introduction. Through viber group chat we got updated information about the group. After
preparing each part of the project we shared among each other to do the editing part and to put
our own ideas.Finally I drafted the executive summary based of the project. Our success is
understanding everyone, respect everyone’s ideas, continuous discussion, and regular meetings
Plagiarism certificates (Appendices 002)
Confirmation Certificate
Congratulations!
Date: 19/06/2016.
Please print out this page and attach a copy of the certificate to the final page in all assignments you
submit on each module as part of your programme
(It is your responsibility to print the certificate, complete the information, sign it, and keep a copy of it for your
records)
Team agreement (Appendices 003)
contact details
team members
mobile email
Meetings
20-05-2016
We decided to visit the hotel on 29th May2016 as guests
We took an appointment with the proprietor on30th May 2016 through a phone call
04-06-2016
We discuss and analyze the information we gathered
We allocate parts to write the report
making decisions
Group members agreed to go to hotel on 29th and 30th May
Munasinghe Isuri Anuththara agreed to combine the report and send to others to do
Corrections
Chandrika and Tharika agreed to do the corrections
Munasinghe Isuri Anuththara should edit the report and upload it to the blackboard
Shehani Purnima shehani agreed to hand over the report to the NSBM program office
sanctions
We hope to work in harmony together. We have different strengths. We accept that this is a team
piece of work and we all are responsible for doing our best however we agree now that
If individuals have difficulties in working with the team or on the task, we will try to sort
them out promptly by talking with others
We will seek advice – as soon as possible –from our tutor for those serious problems
which we cannot resolve ourselves.
Lecturer comment from (Appendices 004)
The lecturer comment form together with the plagiarism test result sheet should be attached to
the assignment.
Grade (100%)