KKKR3723 : UTILITY &

PRESSURE VESSEL DESIGN

PART III :- MECHANICAL DESIGN UNDER ASME
BOILER & PRESSURE VESSEL CODE
(EXERCISES)
DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL AND PROCESS ENGINEERING, FKAB
SEMESTER II 2019/2020
 EXERCISE 3.1
1. A deep diving submarine cruising at a depth of 854
ft. What is the static head pressure on this
submarine?
2. A vessel is 50‟ high. The vessel will be hydrostatic
tested.
a) When filled with water, what is the pressure at the
bottom of the vessel?
b) When the hydrostatic test pressure at the top of the
vessel is 100 psig, what is the total pressure at the
bottom?
3. A 60‟ high vessel is filled with water. The pressure
measured at the bottom is 210 psig. What is the
pressure at the top?
 EXERCISE 3.2
100 psig
• A 50‟ high vessel has a 0‟
??? psig
design pressure of 100 2‟

psig. The measurement are

as in the below figure:
– The shell shall be designed for …… 48‟ ??? psig
– The top head shall be designed for ….. ??? psig
50‟
– The bottom head shall be designed for …..

Conclusion:
Each component should be designed for the highest
pressure it will have at design conditions.
The highest P is at …… . Why?
h↑ P↑ t ↑
 EXERCISE 3.3
• Determine the MAWP for this vessel = ….… psig
Part Static Pressure
Part
0‟ MAWP Head at top
1‟
Top
342 psig
nozzle
3‟

Side
426 psig
nozzle

24‟ Top head 329 psig

Bottom
40‟ 336 psig
head
42‟
Shell 337 psig
 EXERCISE 3.3
1. The MAWP of a vessel is 100 psi. Each head depth is 2‟, and
the cylindrical portion of the shell is 32‟. The shell should be
designed for a pressure of _______ psig.
2. A vessel‟s MAWP is limited by the lower shell portion. The
shell part has a MAWP of 87.5 psi. What is the maximum
0
allowed MAWP for this vessel?
1’

50’

100’

3. An 80‟ tall pressure vessel is being hydrostatic tested. A

pressure gauge 20‟ from the bottom reads 136 psig. What is
the pressure at the top of the vessel?
 EXERCISE 3.4
Effect of Hydrostatic/Static Head on Design
• Given MAWPvessel=300 psi. 2‟ Top Head
Determine the design pressure
MAWP=300 psi
for each part of the vessel:
15‟
• Pdesign= MAWP+(g X h)
Shell 1
= MAWP +(0.433h)
• PBtmHead = …..psig
3‟ Conical
• PShell2 = …..psig
• PConical = …..psig 10‟ Shell 2

• PShell1 = …..psig Btm Head

2‟
• PTopHead = …..psig
 EXERCISE 3.5
1. A vessel‟s shell has an internal radius of 36”. At the design temperature,
the material‟s allowable stress is 15,000 psi. The pressure on the shell is
158 psi (static head is already included). The joint efficiency is 1.0.
a) Determine the minimum required thickness for the shell.
b) If the above 36” measurement is the outside radius, determine the
minimum required thickness for the shell.
c) If the shell is spherical and thick, determine the minimum required
thickness for the sphere.
2. A vertical vessel has an internal radius of 48”. The material‟s allowable
stress is 12,000 psi. The MAWP of the vessel is 120 psig. The welds are
“double welded” and the nameplate mentions spot radiography. The top
of this shell section is 4„ from the top of the vessel, and the bottom of this
shell section is 52‟ from the top of the vessel. Determine the required
thickness.
3. A horizontal vessel has an outside diameter of 10‟. The material‟s
allowable stress is 14,000 psi. The MAWP of the vessel is 120 psig. The
welds are Type-1 and Full-RT was performed. Determine the minimum
required thickness.
4. The thickness of each part is 0.500”. The allowable
stress of the material is 15,000 psi. The joint efficiency
is 1.0 and the inside diameter is 60”. Calculate the
maximum pressure for each part:
a) 2:1 Ellipsoidal Head: __________ psi
b) Torispherical Head: __________ psi
c) Hemispherical Head: __________ psi
d) Cylinder: __________ psi
e) Sphere: __________ psi

5. State which shape is the best for containing pressure

and which shape is the worst for containing pressure.
 EXERCISE 3.6
A vertical vessel with an internal diameter of 84” has a hemispherical head
at the top and an ellipsoidal head of 2:1 at the bottom. The construction
material has a maximum allowable stress of 8700 psi at its design
temperature. The operating pressure is stated as 48 psig. The overall height
of the vessel is 38‟ and a joint efficiency of 1.0 is used.
a) Determine the wall thickness of each part of the vessel.
b) If a corrosion allowance of 2 mm is being fixed by the user, determine
the wall thicknesses and part MAWPs for each part of the vessel and
what is the vessel MAWP?
c) After having through the process of overall thickness uniformity,
determine:
i. the overall wall thickness and the new vessel MAWP if CA = 2 mm is
used.
ii. the new vessel MAWP if only metal sheet with thickness 12.7 mm is
available in the local market and CA = 2 mm is used.
iii. the overall wall thickness and the new vessel MAWP if the local
market can supply metal sheets of thickness 9, 11, 14 and 16 mm
and CA = 4 mm is used.
 EXERCISE 3.7
A cylinder column of outside diameter, 168.625 in is
operated under external pressure. This column is
designed at 15 psi and at an operating temperature of
700oF. By assuming that the construction material is SS
316 and the effective length (L) as 60 in, determine the
wall thickness for the column (in mm).
 EXERCISE 3.8
Determine the required minimum thickness of below
heads that conforms to an external pressure of 15 psi
and temperature of 750oF. Assume the construction
material is SS 304:
(1) Ellipsoidal: Given ratio of Do/2ho=2.15 and Di=1.25
m = 49.2126 in.
(2) Torispherical: Given Ro=Do=Di+2t, Di=49.2126 in.
(3) Hemispherical: Given Do=Di+2t, Di=49.2126 in and
Ro=Do/2.
 EXERCISE 3.9
A column has a conical head at the top and a
hemispherical head at the bottom. The column is
operated at vacuum conditions and the operating
temperature is at 750oF. The inside diameter, Di is given
as 3.5 m with the effective length of 6.1 m. The angle for
the conical head is 45o and Austenitic Steel Type 316 is
used as the construction material. Determine the
required minimum thickness for the conical and
hemispherical heads, and the cylindrical shell according
to the procedure of ASME code by assuming thin wall.
What is the minimum thickness for the whole vessel
after the process of overall thickness uniformity with
CA=4 mm.