ME 525 April 17, 2020

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE PERFORMANCE

PROBLEMS SET 1
Instructions:
1. Solve the following problems in chronological order.
2. Write solutions clearly and legibly using either yellow paper or bond paper.
3. Scan or take pictures of your solution.
4. Take a picture of yourself holding your answer sheets.
5. Send an electronic copy of nos. 3 & 4 at nmpasamonte@ust.edu.ph on or before April 24, 2020
(Friday).
Problems:
1. A 4-cylinder, 4-stroke cycle engine has an indicated mean effective pressure of 5 bars and an
engine speed of 1250 rpm. Find the indicated power developed by the engine if the bore is 100
mm and the stroke is 150 mm. Answer: 24.544 kW
2. A two - stroke cycle internal combustion engine has a mean effective pressure of 8 bars. The
speed of the engine is 1200 rpm. If the diameter of the piston and stroke are 120 mm and 160
mm, respectively, find the indicated power developed. Answer: 28.95 kW
3. A four-cylinder, four-stroke cycle spark-ignition engine develops a maximum brake torque of
180 N-m at 3200 rpm. Calculate the engine displacement, bore and stroke length. The brake
mean effective pressure at maximum torque point is 1150 kPa. Assume bore diameter is equal
to stroke length. Answers: 1967 cc, 85.5 mm by 85.5 mm
4. A single cylinder, 4-stroke cycle diesel engine running at 1800 rpm has a bore of 85 mm and a
stroke of 110 mm. It takes 0.5617 kg of air per minute and develops a brake power output of 6
kW while the air fuel ratio is 20:1. The calorific value of the fuel is 42, 550 kJ/kg and the ambient
air density is 1.18 kg/m3, calculate the volumetric efficiency and the brake specific fuel
consumption. Answer: 84.73%, 0.281 kg/kW-hr
5. A 42.5-kW engine has a mechanical efficiency of 85%. Find the indicated power and frictional
power. If the frictional power is assumed to be constant with load, what will be the mechanical
efficiency at 60% of the load? Answers: W I= 50 kW, Wfriction= 7.5 kW, WB= 25.5 kW, ƞm= 77.27%
6. The mechanical efficiency of a single-cylinder 4-stroke cycle, engine is 80%. The frictional power
is estimated to be 25 kW. Calculate the indicated power and brake power developed by the
engine. Answers: 125 kW, 100 kW
7. A Diesel engine has a brake thermal efficiency of 30%. If the calorific value of the fuel is 42, 000
kJ/kg, find its brake specific fuel consumption. Answer: 0.2857 kg/kW-hr
8. An engine develops a brake power of 3.68 kW. The indicated thermal efficiency is 30%, the
mechanical efficiency is 80%, and the calorific value of the fuel is 42 MJ/kg. Calculate the fuel
consumption of the engine in kg/h, indicated and brake specific fuel consumptions. Answer: W I=
4.6 kW, mfuel= 1.314 kg/h, SFCi = 0.286 kg/kw-hr, SFCb= 0.357 kg/kW-hr
9. The following observations were recorded during a test on a 4-stroke cycle oil engine:
Speed of the engine ------------------------------------------- 290 rpm
Oil Consumption ------------------------------------------------ 3.50 kg/hr
Water flow -------------------------------------------------------- 270 kg/hr
Rise in cooling water temperature ------------------------- 36 oC
Air/Fuel ratio ----------------------------------------------------- 25
Exhaust gas temperature -------------------------------------- 688 K
Room temperature ---------------------------------------------- 294 K
Specific heat of exhaust gases -------------------------------- 1.005 kJ/kg-K
Calorific value of fuel ------------------------------------------- 45, 200 kJ/kg
Brake power ------------------------------------------------------ 11.9 kW
Prepare the heat balance sheet in kJ/min basis.
Heat Balance Sheet:
A. Energy Chargeable Against the Engine or Rate of Heat Supplied
Ec ---- mf x CV --------------------------- 2636. 6 kJ/min (100%)
B. Heat Expenditures
a. Heat equivalent of brake power --------------------------- 714 kJ/min (27.079%)
b. Heat carried away by jacket cooling water ------------- 678.132 kJ/min (25.719%)
c. Heat carried away by exhaust gases --------------------- 600.554 kJ/min (22.77%)
d. Unaccounted losses (Heat unaccounted for)----------- 643.990 kJ/min (24.424 %)
10. A single-cylinder 4-stroke cycle Diesel engine gave the following results at full load:
Speed of engine ------------------------------------- 400 rpm
Load on brake ---------------------------------------- 370 N
Diameter of brake drum -------------------------- 1.20 m
Fuel consumption ----------------------------------- 2.80 kg/hr
Calorific value of fuel ------------------------------- 41, 800 kJ/kg
Diameter of cylinder -------------------------------- 160 mm
Stroke of piston --------------------------------------- 200 mm
Calculate the following:
a. Brake power, kW;
b. Brake specific fuel consumption, kg/kW-hr;
c. Brake thermal efficiency.
Answers: (a) 9.299 kW, (b) 0.3011 kg/kW-hr, (c) 28.60%