06 Shobebarat by Prof. Dr. Muhammad Asadullah Al Ghalib PDF

www.ahlehadeethbd.
org
Contents
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www.ahlehadeethbd.org
Contents
2 k‡eeivZ 2
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nv`xQ dvD‡Êkb evsjv‡`k
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SHAB-I-BARAT by Dr. Muhammad Asadullah Al-Ghalib.

Professor of Arabic, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh.
Published by: HADEETH FOUNDATION BANGLADESH.
Nawdapara, Rajshahi, Bangladesh. Ph. & Fax : 88-0721-861365.
Mob. 01770-800900. E-mail : tahreek@ymail.com.
Contents
3 k‡eeivZ 3
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we`ÔAv‡Zi msÁv 04
we`ÔAv‡Zi cwiYvg 04
cÖPwjZ k‡eeivZ 06
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G iv‡Z KziAvb bvwhj nq 08
G iv‡Z ev›`vi †Mvbvnmg~n gvd Kiv nq! 10
G iv‡Z iƒn mg~‡ni AvMgb N‡U 15
Avãyj nK gynvwÏQ †`njfx nvbvdx-Gi AwfgZ 16
k‡eeiv‡Zi QvjvZ 18
†gvj−v Avjx K¡vix nvbvdx-Gi AwfgZ 18
G iv‡Z wec` gyw³i QvjvZ 19
kvqL web evh-Gi AwfgZ 20
kvÔevb gv‡mi KiYxq 22
Dcmsnvi 23
Contents
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hv kixÔAv‡Zi †Kvb g~jMZ ev ¸YMZ Qnxn `jx‡ji Dc‡i wfwËkxj
bqÕ|1 cvwifvwlK A‡_© mybœv‡Zi wecixZ welq‡K we`ÔAvZ ejv nqÕ|
we`ÔAv‡Zi cwiYvg (0 10) :
(1) nhiZ Av‡qkv (ivwhqvj−vû ÔAvbnv) †_‡K ewY©Z ivm~jyj−vn

(Qvj−vj−vû ÔAvjvB‡n Iqv mvj−vg) Gikv` K‡ib,
e0G U.L+N Fa dL [X eh N N BX $L 0X UG f
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1404/1984) 6 c„.|
2. eyLvix nv/2697; gymwjg nv/1718; Avjevbx, wgkKvZ (êiƒZ : 1985) nv/140|
Contents
5 k‡eeivZ 5
(2) nhiZ Bievh web mvwiqvn (ivwhqvj−vû ÔAvbû) e‡jb,
0G BG U N G NU.L+N QL ,NlY OL A[ kR 8E U N j
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Ôivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) Avgv‡ì‡K GKw`b (dR‡ii) QvjvZ cov‡jb|
AZtci Avgv‡ì w`‡K gyL wdwi‡q em‡jb| AZtci Avgv‡ì‡K
mviMf© Dc‡`k cÖ`vb Ki‡jb| hv‡Z P¶zmg~n mRj n‡q DVj Ges
ü`q mg~n fxZ-Kw¤úZ nÕj| ZLb GKRb ejj, †n Avj−vn&i ivm~j!
g‡b n‡”Q GwU †Kvb we`vq MÖnYKvixi Awš—g Dc‡`k| AZGe Avcwb
Avgv‡ì‡K AviI Dc‡`k w`b| ZLb wZwb ej‡jb, Avwg †Zvgv‡ì‡K
Avj−vnfxi“Zvi Dc‡`k w`w”Q| Avi †Zvgiv Avgx‡ii Av‡`k kªeY
Ki‡e I Zv‡K gvb¨ Ki‡e| hwÌ wZwb nvekx †Mvjvg nb| †Kbbv
Avgvi c‡i †Zvgv‡ì g‡a¨ hviv †eu‡P _vK‡e, Zviv eû gZ‡f` †`L‡Z
cv‡e| ZLb †Zvgv‡ì Dci Aek¨ cvjbxq n‡e Avgvi mybvœ Z I
Lyjvdv‡q iv‡k`x‡bi mybœvZ AbymiY Kiv| †Zvgiv Zv KwVbfv‡e
AuvK‡o ai‡e I gvwoi ùvZ w`‡q Kvg‡o ai‡e| Avi †Zvgiv a‡g©i
bv‡g bZzb bZzb m„wó nÕ‡Z †eu‡P _vK‡e| †Kbbv cÖ‡Z¨K bZzb m„wóB
we`ÔAvZ I cÖ‡Z¨K we`ÔAvZB †MvgivnxÕ|3 Avi cÖ‡Z¨K †Mvgivnxi
cwiYvg RvnvbœvgÕ|4
3. Avngv` nv/17184-85; nv‡Kg nv/329, 332; Avey`vE` nv/4607; wZiwghx

nv/2676; Beby gvRvn nv/42; wgkKvZ nv/165 ÔwKZve I mybœvn‡K AvuK‡o aivÕ
Aby‡”Q`; Qnxnvn nv/2735|
4. bvmvC nv/1578 ÔC`v‡qb-Gi LyrevÕ Aby‡”Q`; BiIqv nv/608|
Contents
6 k‡eeivZ 6
GKB ivex †_‡K Ab¨ eY©bvq G‡m‡Q, NB.RUL vG N\U,NY L.+N AU

R XSY N CN !U lL
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†Zvgv‡ì‡K ¯^”Q Øx‡bi Dci †Q‡o hvw”Q| hvi ivwÎ nÕj wè‡mi gZ|
Avgvi c‡i hviv Zv †_‡K c_åó n‡e, Zviv aŸsm n‡e| †Zvgv‡ì
g‡a¨ hviv †eu‡P _vK‡e...Õ|5
Lyjvdv‡q iv‡k`x‡bi mybœvZ g~jZt ivm~‡jiB mybœvZ| KviY Zuviv
KL‡bvB ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi cÖZ¨¶ ev c‡iv¶ Aby‡gv`‡bi evB‡i †Kvb
KvR Ki‡Zb bv| hy‡M hy‡M êlwqK cÖ‡qvR‡b m„ó wewfbœ Avwe®‹vi mg~n
†hgb mvB‡Kj, Nwo, Pkgv, gUiMvox, †ijMvox, D‡ovRvnvh,
†Uwj‡dvb-†gvevBj BZ¨vw` e¯‘mg~n AvwfavwbK A‡_© we`ÔAvZ ev bZzb
m„wó nÕ‡jI kviC A‡_© KL‡bvB we`ÔAvZ bq| ZvB G¸wj‡K ¸bv‡ni
e¯‘ g‡b Kiv Ab¨vq| A‡b‡K G¸wj‡K ARynvZ K‡i a‡g©i bv‡g m„ó
gxjv`-wK¡qvg, k‡e †gÔivR, k‡eeivZ, KzjLvwb, †Pnjvg BZ¨vw`‡K
kixÔAv‡Z êa Ges Ôwe`ÔAv‡Z nvmvbvnÕ e‡j _v‡Kb, †hUv Av‡iv
Ab¨vq| eis we`ÔAvZ‡K nvmvbvn I mvB‡qAvn Z_v fvj I g›`
`yÕfv‡M fvM KivB Av‡iKwU we`ÔAvZ|
cÖPwjZ k‡eeivZ
(234&5
)
Aviex kvÔevb gv‡mi 14 ZvwiL wèvMZ ivZ‡K mvaviYfv‡e
Ôk‡eeivZÕ ev ÔjvqjvZzj evivAvZÕ (9v~ .) ejv nq| Ôk‡eeivZÕ
kãwUi cÖ_g Ask dvimx| hvi A_© ÔivwÎÕ| wØZxq Ask Aviex| hvi
A_© Ôwe‡”Q`Õ ev gyw³| G‡`‡k k‡eeivZ Ô†mŠfvM¨ iRbxÕ wnmv‡eB
cvwjZ nq| GRb¨ miKvix QywU †NvwlZ nq| †jv‡Kiv aviYv K‡ib †h,
G iv‡Z ev›`vi ¸bvn gvd nq| Avqy I iƒhx e„w× Kiv nq, mviv eQ‡ii
nvqvZ-gD‡Zi I fv‡Mï †iwRóvi wjwLZ nq| GB iv‡Z iƒn¸wj me
AvZ¥xq-¯^R‡bi mv‡_ mv¶v‡Zi Rb¨ c„w_ex‡Z †b‡g Av‡m| we‡kl K‡i
5. Beby gvRvn nv/43; Qnxnvn nv/937|
Contents
7 k‡eeivZ 7
weaeviv g‡b K‡ib †h, Zv‡ì ¯^vgx‡ì iƒn H iv‡Z N‡i †d‡i| GRb¨
N‡ii g‡a¨ Av‡jv †R¡‡j Zviv mviv ivZ g„Z ¯^vgxi iƒ‡ni AvMg‡bi
Avkvq eyK †eu‡a e‡m _v‡Kb| Gw`b ayc-aybv, AvMievwZ, †gvgevwZ
BZ¨vw` †R¡‡j evmM„n myMwÜgq I Av‡jvwKZ Kiv nq|
G iv‡Z AMwYZ evj¦ R¡vwj‡q Av‡jvKm¾v Kiv nq| GRb¨ miKvix
cyi¯‹viI †NvlYv Kiv nq| AvZ¥xqiv me `‡j `‡j †Mvi¯’v‡b
Qy‡U hvq| nvjyqv-i“wUi wnwoK c‡o hvq| †Q‡jiv cUKv dvwU‡q AvZkevhx
K‡i ˆn-û‡j−v‡o ivZ KvwU‡q †`q| hviv KL‡bv Qvjv‡Z Af¨¯— bq,
ZvivI G iv‡Z gmwR‡` wM‡q ÔQvjv‡Z Avj&wdqvnÕ ev 100 ivKÔAvZ
QvjvZ Av`v‡q iZ nq| †hLv‡b cÖwZ ivKÔAv‡Z 10 evi K‡i m~iv
BLjvQ cvV Kiv nq| Zvici ivwÎi †kl w`‡K K¬vš— n‡q mevB evox
wd‡i Nywg‡q c‡ob| GKmgq dR‡ii Avhvb nq| wKš‘ gmwR`¸‡jv
Avkvbyiƒc gyQj−x bv †c‡q gvZg Ki‡Z _v‡K| 16 †KvwU gymjgv‡bi
GB `wi`ª †`‡k GB ivZ‡K Dcj¶¨ K‡i KZ j¶-†KvwU UvKv †h ïay
Av‡jvKm¾vi bv‡g AvMievwZ I †gvgevwZ cywo‡q †kl Kiv nq, Zvi
wnmve †K iv‡L? bvbv e‡Y©i iKgvwi we`y¨revwZ, nvjyqv-i“wU, gxjv` I
Ab¨vb¨ †gngvb`vix Li‡Pi wnmve bv nq ev`B w`jvg| ms‡¶‡c GB
nÕj G‡`‡k k‡eeiv‡Zi bv‡g cÖPwjZ Bmjvgx c‡e©i ev¯—e wPÎ|
agx©q wfwË
(6) 7 )
gvbyl †h GZ cqmv I mgq e¨q K‡i, Gi Aš—wb©wnZ †cÖiYv wbðqB
wKQy Av‡Q| †gvUvgywU 3wU agx©q AvK¡x`vB Gi wfwË wnmv‡e KvR K‡i
_v‡K| (1) G iv‡Z KziAvb bvwhj nq Ges G iv‡Z AvMvgx GK
eQ‡ii Rb¨ ev›`vi fvjg›` ZvK¡`xi wba©vwiZ nq| (2) G iv‡Z ev›`vi
†Mvbvn mg~n gvd Kiv nq| (3) G iv‡Z iƒn¸wj me Qvov †c‡q g‡Z©¨
†b‡g Av‡m| d‡j †gvgevwZ, AvMievwZ, cUKv I AvZkevhx nq‡Zvev
iƒn¸wj‡K mvì Af¨_©bv Rvbvevi Rb¨ Kiv nq|
k‡eeiv‡Z nvjyqv-i“wU LvIqv m¤ú‡K© ejv n‡q _v‡K †h, G w`b
Avj−vn&i bex (Qvt)-Gi `v›`vb gyeviK I‡nv‡ì hy‡× knx` n‡qwQj|
Contents
8 k‡eeivZ 8
e¨_vi Rb¨ wZwb big Lv`¨ wnmv‡e nvjyqv-i“wU †L‡qwQ‡jb weavq
Avgv‡ìI †mB e¨_vq mge¨_x n‡q nvjyqv-i“wU †L‡Z nq| A_P
I‡nv‡ì hy× n‡qwQj 3q wnRixi kvIqvj gv‡mi 7 ZvwiL kwbevi
mKvj †ejv|6 Avi Avgiv e¨_v Abyfe KiwQ Zvi cÖvq `yÕgvm c~‡e©
kvÔevb gv‡mi 14 ZvwiL wèvMZ iv‡Î...!
G¶‡Y Avgiv Dc‡iv³ welq¸wji agx©q wfwË KZUzKz Zv Luy‡R †`Le|
cÖ_gwUi mc‡¶ †h me AvqvZ I nv`xQ †ck Kiv nq Zv wbgœiƒc :
(1) G iv‡Z KziAvb bvwhj nq|
G K_vi `jxj wnmv‡e m~iv `yLvb-Gi 3 I 4 AvqvZ †ck Kiv n‡q
_v‡K| †hLv‡b Avj−vn e‡jb,
eAE UG &N E U OL QP SR
X N dY X NBU$G eN UG gG UX [SR [">G E SL N N,X E .LUL G$ X4NY{N "UL [">G
ÔAvgiv GwU bvwhj K‡iwQ GK eiKZgq ivwÎ‡Z; Avgiv †Zv
mZK©KvixÕ| ÔG ivwÎ‡Z cÖ‡Z¨K cÖÁvc~Y© welq w¯’ixK…Z nqÕ (`yLvb
44/3-4)|
nv‡dh Beby KvQxi (int) ¯^xq Zvdmx‡i e‡jb, ÔGLv‡b ÔeiKZgq
ivwÎÕ A_© ÔK¡`‡ii ivwÎÕ| †hgb Avj−vn e‡jb,G !U VL Y E .LUL
U $G 4X NY{N "UOL [">G
ÔwbðqB Avgiv GwU bvwhj K‡iwQ K¡`‡ii ivwÎ‡ZÕ (K¡ì 97/1)| Avi
†mwU nÕj ivgvhvb gv‡m| †hgb Avj−vn e‡jb, HL {G "UOR q U gG T ?L N\N N X BU _N
R?3UVR Y 0G U$G ÔGB †mB ivgvhvb gvm hvi g‡a¨ KziAvb AeZxY© n‡q‡QÕ
(evK¡vivn 2/185)| G¶‡Y H ivwÎ‡K ga¨ kvÔevb ev k‡eeivZ e‡j
BKwigv cÖgyL nÕ‡Z †h K_v ejv n‡q‡Q, Zv m½Z Kvi‡YB MÖnY‡hvM¨
bq| GB iv‡Z GK kvÔevb nÕ‡Z Av‡iK kvÔevb ch©š— ev›`vi fvM¨
wjwce× nq| GgbwK Zvi weevn, mš—vbv`x I g„Zz¨ wba©vwiZ nqÕ e‡j
†h nv`xQ7 cÖPvwiZ Av‡Q, Zv ÔgyimvjÕ I hCd Ges KziAvb I Qnxn
6. †jLK cÖYxZ mxivZzi ivm~j (Qvt) 339 c„.; A‡b‡K 11 wKsev 15B kvIqvj e‡j‡Qb|
7. Zvdmxi Beby Rvixi (êiƒZ 1407/1987 : wgmix Qvcv 1328 wn. †_‡K gyw`ªZ)
24/65 c„. m~iv `yLvb|
Contents
9 k‡eeivZ 9
nv`xQ mg~‡ni we‡ivax nIqvi Kvi‡Y AMÖnY‡hvM¨| wZwb e‡jb, K¡`‡ii
iv‡ZB jI‡n gvnd~‡h msiw¶Z fvM¨wjwc nÕ‡Z c„_K K‡i AvMvgx GK
eQ‡ii wb‡`©kvejx Z_v g„Zz¨, wiwhK I Ab¨vb¨ NUbvejx hv msNwUZ
n‡e, †m¸wj †jLK †d‡ikZvM‡Yi wbK‡U cÖ`vb Kiv nq| Gfv‡eB
ewY©Z n‡q‡Q nhiZ Avãyj−vn web Igi, gyRvwn`, Avey gvwjK, hvn&nvK
cÖgyL mvjv‡d Qv‡jnx‡bi wbKU nÕ‡ZÕ (H, Zvdmxi m~iv `yLvb 3-4 AvqvZ)|
AZtci ÔZvK¡`xiÕ m¤ú‡K© cweÎ KziAv‡bi Ø¨_©nxb e³e¨ nÕj-
ea -L N(
U X E U,GSL * E UG 2
N QP SR *N eG X{^ G$ 4X U .RN $L vE U _N QP SR *N
ÔZv‡ì mg¯— Kvh©Kjvc iw¶Z Av‡Q AvgjbvgvqÕ| ÔAv‡Q †QvU I eo
mewKQyB wjwce×Õ (K¡vgvi 54/52-53)-Gi e¨vL¨v nv`x‡Q G‡m‡Q,
T.2
N ;
G HL XN n
X U <G N HL Ll 0X U+N ;
i N x
G N
G NY G U *G<U +N G U ;
G !G ,U +N U +N
j
G N<N (
[ FN .RW
U N ?Y OL QL ,UlL FG yG
LW
N Y N GLVN ;
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N NSL : HR RVN AN .TN *N 0G U.L+N ;
i
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U X 4X N*N ...E NN
N YOL w
N (
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N U N*
ÔAvãyj−vn web ÔAvgi Bebyj ÔAvQ (ivt) e‡jb, Avwg ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt)-
†K ej‡Z ï‡bwQ †h, Avmgvb mg~n I hgxb m„wói cÂvk nvhvi ermi
c~‡e©B Avj−vn ¯^xq gvLj~K¡v‡Zi ZvK¡`xi wjwce× K‡i‡Qb|8 nhiZ Avey
ûivqivn (ivt)-†K ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) e‡jb, N<G AX .LVL Y
[ N 9L N UN
X NOL N

E 7L n
N "UOL Ô†n Avey ûivqiv! †Zvgvi fv‡M¨ hv NU‡e, †m wel‡q Kjg
ïwK‡q †M‡QÕ (cybivq ZvK¡`xi wjwLZ n‡e bv)|9 G¶‡Y Ôk‡eeiv‡Z
cÖwZeQi fvM¨ wba©vwiZ nqÕ e‡j †h aviYv cÖPwjZ Av‡Q, Zvi †Kvb
Qnxn wfwË †bB| eis ÔjvqjvZzj evivAvZÕ ev fvMïRbx bvgwUB m¤ú~Y©
ev‡bvqvU I D‡Ïk¨cÖ‡Yvw`Z| Bmjvgx kixÔAv‡Z GB bv‡gi †Kvb
Aw¯—Z¡ Luy‡R cvIqv hvq bv|
8. gymwjg nv/2653; wgkKvZ nv/79 ÔZvK¡`x‡i wek¦vmÕ Aby‡”Q`|

9. eyLvix nv/5076; wgkKvZ nv/88; wgkKvZ (w`j−x : 1350 wn.) 20 c„.|
Contents
10 k‡eeivZ 10
(2) G iv‡Z ev›`vi †Mvbvnmg~n gvd Kiv nq!
†mRb¨ w`‡b wQqvg cvjb I iv‡Z Bev`Z Ki‡Z nq| G m¤ú‡K© cÖavb
†h wZbwU `jxj †Ìqv n‡q _v‡K, Zv wbgœiƒc :
(K) nhiZ Avjx (ivt) nÕ‡Z ewY©Z ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) Gikv` K‡ib,
nU "NLS L>G AN .TN *N 0G U.L+N ; i T.2 N ; G HR XN HL Ll HL Ll E GL GOL G U Z .G+N U +N
]G *XX G NBG$ HR {G UN ; ?T @G$L .
N N BN "N XX2*N NB.LUL XRV$L ?L N,U _N U G G : U Z R .LUL
0X lLX U oL$L
a G U N(
U X 7L OL 0X L N dG KY oL$L E dG U N(
U X U G 7L OL HR RVN$L N"U!^ vG N<N L>G f
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e0 N N X U 4X *N N eX
U dL Y rN .R-Y N [&N LgSL 7L OL LgSL 7L OL 0X N$GN+oR$L c.N,UX 7L OL
Ôga¨ kvÔevb G‡j †Zvgiv ivwÎ‡Z Bev`Z Ki I wè‡m wQqvg cvjb
Ki| †Kbbv Avj−vn Hw`b m~h©v‡¯—i ci `ywbqvi AvKv‡k †b‡g Av‡mb I
e‡jb, AvQ wK †KD ¶gvcÖv_©x Avwg Zv‡K ¶gv K‡i †è; AvQ wK †KD iƒhx
cÖv_x© Avwg Zv‡K iƒhx †è| AvQ wK †Kvb cxwoZ Avwg Zv‡K Av‡ivM¨
`vb Kie| Ggwbfv‡e AviI AviI K_v e‡jb dRi D`q nIqv ch©šÕ— |10
nv`xQwU gIh~Ô ev Rvj| Gi mb‡` ÔBeby Avex mve&ivnÕ bv‡g GKRb
ivex Av‡Qb, whwb nv`xQ RvjKvix| wØZxqZt nv`xQwU Qnxn nv`x‡Qi
we‡ivax nIqvq AMÖnY‡hvM¨| †Kbbv GKB g‡g© cÖwm× Ônv`x‡Q byh~jÕ hv
Beby gvRvn&i 98 c„ôvq gv Av‡qkv (ivt) nÕ‡Z (nv/1366) Ges eyLvix
kix‡di (gxivU Qvcv 1328 wn.) 153, 936 I 1116 c„ôvq h_vµ‡g
nv`xQ msL¨v 1145, 6321 I 7494 Ges ÔKzZz‡e wmËvnÕ mn Ab¨vb¨
nv`xQ MÖ‡š’ me©‡gvU 30 Rb Qvnvex KZ©„K ewY©Z n‡q‡Q|11 †mLv‡b Ôga¨
kvÔev‡bi ivwÎÕ (?L N,U _
N U G
G :
U Z R .LUL) bv e‡j ÔcÖwZ ivwÎi †kl
Z…ZxqvskÕ (X t
G QG U.T %
R .RkR) ejv n‡q‡Q| AZGe Qnxn nv`xQ mg~‡ni
eY©bvbyhvqx Avj−vncvK cÖwZ ivwÎi Z…Zxq cÖn‡i wbgœ AvKv‡k AeZiY
10. Beby gvRvn (w`j−x 1333 wn.) 1/100 c„.; H (êiƒZ : gvKZvev Bj&wgqvn, Zvwe)
nv/1388; wgkKvZ nv/1308 Ôivgvhv‡b ivwÎ RvMiYÕ Aby‡”Q`; nv`xQwU gIh~Ô ev Rvj;
Avjevbx, wmjwmjv hCdvn nv/2132|
11. nv‡dh Bebyj K¡vBwqg, gyLZvQvi QvIqvBKzj gyimvjvn (wiqvh : Zvwe), 2/230-50|
Contents
11 k‡eeivZ 11
K‡i ev›`v‡K dR‡ii mgq ch©š— Dc‡iv³ AvnŸvbmg~n Rvwb‡q _v‡Kb-
ïaygvÎ wbw`©ófv‡e ga¨ kvÔev‡bi GKwU ivwÎ‡Z bq ev H w`b m~hv© ‡¯—i
ci †_‡KI bq|
D³ g‡g© cÖwm× Qnxn nv`xQwU wbgœiƒc :
: AN .TN *N 0G U.L+N ;i T.2 N ; G HR XN HL Ll HL Ll 0X U+N ; i N xG N 9L N UN
X GOL U +N
QG U.T % R .RkR LV,UN w N &G N"U!^ vG N<( [ L>G E .LUL QT SR LNCN*N N N N,CN N^N HR {G UN
G"X dG U N(
U N U N 0X N-G +U oR$L GRoL(
U N U N 0X L
N GNU oL$L G"X+!U N U N : HR RVN X tG
[&N |
N GgL SL HR N{N
L $L : 0X U+N AE .G(
U <X G G N*N G $G*N eq
^ G W
N ,XY 4X *N N e0X L N dG KY oL$L
eX U dL Y v G\X
ÔnhiZ Avey ûivqiv (ivt) nÕ‡Z ewY©Z ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) e‡jb, Avgv‡ì
gnvb cÖwZcvjK cÖwZ iv‡Zi Z…Zxq cÖn‡i `ywbqvi AvKv‡k AeZiY
K‡ib Ges e‡jb, AvQ wK †KD cÖv_©bvKvix Avwg Zvi cÖv_©bv Keyj
Kie| AvQ wK †KD hv”TvKvix, Avwg Zv‡K Zv cÖ`vb Kie| AvQ wK
†KD ¶gvcÖv_©x, Avwg Zv‡K ¶gv K‡i †è?Õ (eyLvix nv/1145)| GKB
ivex nÕ‡Z Qnxn gymwj‡gi eY©bvq G‡m‡Q, hZ¶Y bv dRi cÖKvwkZ
nqÕ (gymwjg nv/758)|
(L) nhiZ Av‡qkv (ivt) nÕ‡Z ewY©Z ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) GK`v ivwÎ‡Z
GKvKx g`xbvi ÔevK¡xÔ †Mvi¯’v‡b wM‡qwQ‡jb| †mLv‡b wZwb Zuvi mÜv‡b
†M‡j GK ch©v‡q Av‡qkv (ivt)-†K j¶¨ K‡i ivm~j (Qvt) e‡jb,
U G N ILSY X dG U N$L N"U!^ vG N<(
[ L>G ?L N,U _N U G G : U Z L .LUL HR {G UN LNCN ;
?T >G
eq^ gLG G U ZN* 0N N X U 4X N*N e E .Y SL AG NKL G N _N G !N +N
Ôga¨ kvÔev‡bi wèvMZ iv‡Z Avj−vn `ywbqvi Avmgv‡b †b‡g Av‡mb
Ges ÔKj&eÕ †Mv‡Îi QvMj mg~‡ni †jvg msL¨vi PvB‡Z AwaK msL¨K
†jvK‡K gvd K‡i _v‡KbÕ|12 nv`xQwU hCd|
12. Beby gvRvn 1/100; H (êiƒZ : Zvwe) nv/1389; wZiwghx nv/739; wgkKvZ
nv/1299 Ôivgvhv‡b ivwÎ RvMiYÕ Aby‡”Q`; hCdzj Rv‡gÔ nv/654|
Contents
12 k‡eeivZ 12
nv`xQwU‡Z Ônv¾vR web AviZ¡vZÕ bvgK GKRb gy`vwj−m ivex Av‡Qb,
whwb Zvi Dc‡ii ivexi bvg †Mvcb K‡ib| d‡j GwUi mb` ÔgybK¡vwZ¡Ô
ev wQbœm~Î| Bgvg wZiwghx e‡jb, Avwg Bgvg eyLvix (int)-Gi wbKU
ï‡bwQ †h, wZwb nv`xQwU‡K hCd e‡j‡QbÕ (wZiwghx nv/739)|
AvjevbxI hCd e‡j‡Qb (hCdzj Rv‡gÔ nv/654)|
GLv‡b GKwU welq j¶Yxq †h, ivm~jyjv− n (Qvt) D³ iv‡Zi Rb¨ c„_K
†Kvb Bev`Z ev QvjvZ Av`vq K‡ibwb, wè‡m wQqvg cvjb K‡ibwb,
KvD‡K wKQy Ki‡ZI e‡jbwb| Qvnvev‡q †KivgI GB ivZ‡K †K›`ª
K‡i we‡kl †Kvb Bev`Z, Kei †hqviZ ev Ab¨ evowZ wKQy K‡i‡Qb
e‡j Rvbv hvq bv| ZvnÕ‡j Avgiv Kvi mybvœ Z AbymiY KiwQ?
(M) nhiZ Bgivb web ûQvBb (ivt) e‡jb, 0G U.L+N ;
i T.2
N ;
G HL XN ?T OL
L@G$L : HL Ll .7L : HL Ll ?L N,U _N G N N U G n N <U 2
X OL : N tN G *U OL 0X L HL Ll AN .TN *N
eAa .G(U X 4X N*N eG UN U N AU :
X $L j
N U -L $Y OL ÔGKw`b ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) Zv‡K A_ev
Ab¨ GK e¨w³‡K e‡jb, Zzwg wK Ôwmiv‡i kvÔev‡biÕ wQqvg †i‡LQ?
†jvKwU ejj, bv| ivm~j (Qvt) Zv‡K ej‡jb, ivgvhv‡bi c‡i Zzwg
wQqvg `yÕwUi K¡vhv Av`vq KiÕ|13
Qnxn gymwj‡gi fvl¨Kvi Bgvg beex (int) e‡jb, mvivi, wmivi I
myivi wZbwUB ejv Rv‡qh| hvi A_© gv‡mi †kl X t
G 3 G N (
[ G X N<X Y)
(G BU
[ |14 D³ e¨w³ kvÔev‡bi †klvewa wQqvg cvj‡b Af¨¯— wQ‡jb
A_ev HUv Zvi gvb‡Zi wQqvg wQj| ivgvhv‡bi m‡½ wgwk‡q †djvi
wb‡lavÁv15 jsN‡bi f‡q wZwb kvÔev‡bi †k‡li wQqvg `yÕwU ev` †`b|
13. gymwjg nv/1161 Ôwmiv‡i kvÔev‡bi wQqvgÕ Aby‡”Q`; eyLvix nv/1983 Ôgv‡mi †k‡l
wQqvgÕ Aby‡”Q`; wgkKvZ nv/2038 ÔQIgÕ Aa¨vq|
14. gymwjg beexmn (jv‡¶èŠ : bIjwK‡kvi Qvcv 1319 wn.) 1/368; gymwjg nv/1161|
15. 0X N U 2
N 8X X:N ?L LS Q̀X N ?L RN ?Y OL 7T >G G UN U N *U OL 8E U N 8G U :
N G ?L N\N N AU SR !X &N OL [ N ![ VL NN 7L
8N U NY |
N GL AU :
X N.Y $L (Ô†Zvgv‡ì †KD †hb ivgvhv‡bi c~‡e© GK ev `yÕw`b wQqvg bv iv‡L|
Z‡e †Kej H e¨w³, †h Hw`b wbqwgZ (bdj) wQqv‡g Af¨¯—Õ) eyLvix nv/1914;
gymwjg nv/1082; wgkKvZ nv/1973 ÔQIgÕ Aa¨vq, ÔbZzb Puv` †`LvÕ Aby‡”Q`|
Contents
13 k‡eeivZ 13
†mKviY ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) Zv‡K H wQqv‡gi K¡vhv Av`vq Ki‡Z e‡jb|16
eySv †Mj †h, GB nv`xQwUi m‡½ cÖPwjZ k‡eeiv‡Zi †Kvb m¤úK© †bB|
Dc‡iv³ wZbwU cÖwm× nv`xQ QvovI AviI wKQz nv`xQ cÖgvY wnmv‡e
†ck Kiv n‡q _v‡K| †hgb,
(N) Avey Dgvgv (ivt) nÕ‡Z ewY©Z ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb,
?L ,NU _N U G G : U Z R .LUL*N
E N N U Z E .LUL HR *[ L : 9R N +U ![ [ BG U$G ^ N CX 7L HE NL f X <U tN
eFN U N G G UG CN $G N SG (N +N X U 4X *N N eG 1 U [ G L.UL*N G -Y dG Y G .LUL*N G N <U
X Y G .LUL*N
ÔcuvP iv‡Z †`vÔAv †diZ †Ìqv nq bv| iRe gv‡mi cÖ_g iv‡Z, ga¨
kvÔev‡b, RygÔAvi ivZ, C`yj wdZi I C`yj Avhnvi iv‡Zi †`vÔAv|
nv`xQwU gIh~Ô ev Rvj|17
(O) Avey g~mv AvkÔAvix (ivt) nÕ‡Z ewY©Z ivm~jyjv− n (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb,
*U OL E G
U <X G 7T >G 0G VG .Y tN rG G<
N G X dG U N$L ?L N,U _N U G
G :
U Z G .LUL G$ rX .G-T NL ;
?T >G
eE &G NX ÔAvj−vn ZvÔAvjv ga¨ kvÔev‡bi iv‡Z m…wóKy‡ji cÖwZ ing‡Zi
`…wó `vb K‡ib Ges mKj‡K ¶gv K‡i †`b, †Kej gykwiK I ci¯ú‡i
kÎ“ wKsev RvgvÔAvZ †_‡K c„_K nIqv we`ÔAvZx e¨ZxZÕ|18 Avãyjv− n
web ÔAvgi (ivt)-Gi eY©bvq G‡m‡Q, ci¯ú‡i kÎ“ I AvZ¥nZ¨vKvix
e¨ZxZÕ|19
nv`xQwU Avey g~mv AvkÔAvix, gyÔAvh web Rvevj, Avey QvÔjvevn Lykvbx,
Avãyj−vn web ÔAvgi, Avey ûivqiv, AveyeKi wQÏxK¡ I ÔAvId web gv‡jK
mn †gvU 7Rb ivex KZ…©K hCd m~‡Î ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| †h¸wj Dc‡iv³
eY©bvwU‡K kw³kvjx K‡i‡Q gš—e¨ K‡i kvqL Avjevbx nv`xQwU‡K
Ôwbtm‡›`‡n QnxnÕ ( E UN
L G ba U1
G2
N ) e‡j‡Qb|20 fvl¨Kvi ïÔAv‡qe
AvibvEZ¡ nv`xQwUi mb` hCd e‡j‡Qb| AZtci wewfbœ kvIqv‡n`-Gi
16. wgiÔAvZ nv/1993-Gi e¨vL¨v 6/439; gymwjg (beexmn) 1/368; gymwjg nv/1082-Gi e¨vL¨v|
17. ZvixLy w`gvk&K¡ nv/2603, 10/408 c„.; Avjevbx, wmjwmjv hCdvn nv/1452|
18. Beby gvRvn nv/1390; wgkKvZ nv/1306 Ôivgvhv‡b ivwÎ RvMiYÕ Aby‡”Q`|
19. Avngv` nv/6642; wgkKvZ nv/1307; hCd AvZ-ZviMxe nv/621|
20. wmjwmjv Qnxnvn nv/1144, 3/138; H, nv/1563, 4/137|
Contents
14 k‡eeivZ 14
Kvi‡Y ÔQnxn †jMvqwinxÕ e‡j‡Qb (Avngv` nv/6642)| fvl¨Kvi Avngv`
kv‡Ki GKBiƒc e‡j‡Qb (Avngv` 10/127)| wKš‘ ÔQnxnÕ ejv m‡Ë¡I G
ivwÎ Dcj‡¶¨ we‡kl †Kvb Avgj Kiv‡K kvqL Avjevbx K‡Vvifv‡e
we`ÔAvZ e‡j‡Qb|21 wZiwghxi fvl¨Kvi Avãyi ingvb gyeviKcyix (g„.
1353/1934) e‡jb, ga¨ kvÔev‡bi dhxjZ m¤ú‡K© wKQz nv`xQ ewY©Z
n‡q‡Q| †h¸wji mgwó cÖgvY K‡i †h, Gi GKUv wfwË i‡q‡Q
(
c2U L BN L ?T OL)| AZtci wZwb Dc‡iv³ hCd nv`xQ¸wj eY©bv K‡i‡Qb|22
G¶‡Y G wel‡q Avgv‡ì e³e¨ nÕj, (1) nv`xQwU eyLvix-gymwjg mn
Ab¨vb¨ nv`xQ MÖ‡š’ ewY©Z Qnxn nv`xQ mg~‡ni we‡ivax| (2) mKj Qnxn
nv`x‡Q G‡m‡Q †h, Avj−vn cÖwZ iv‡Zi Z…Zxq cÖn‡i wbgœ AvKv‡k
AeZiY K‡ib Ges dRi ch©š— ev›`v‡ì cÖwZ AvnŸvb Rvwb‡q e‡jb,
AvQ wK †Kvb AvnŸvbKvix, Avwg Zvi AvnŸv‡b mvov †è...|23 A_P
AÎ nv`x‡Q GwU 15B kvÔev‡bi iv‡Zi Rb¨ LvQ Kiv n‡q‡Q| hwÌ
Giƒc ¶gv cÖ`v‡bi K_v Ab¨ Qnxn nv`xQ mg~‡n G‡m‡Q| †hgb
ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) e‡jb, cÖwZ †mvgevi I e„n¯úwZev‡i Rvbœv‡Zi ìRv
mg~n Ly‡j †Ìqv nq| AZtci Avj−vn&i mv‡_ wkiK K‡iwb Ggb mKj
e¨w³‡K ¶gv Kiv nq| †Kej H `yB e¨w³ Qvov hv‡ì g‡a¨ ci¯ú‡i
kÎ“Zv i‡q‡Q| ejv nq †h, GB `yÕRb‡K Qvo hZ¶Y bv Iiv ci¯ú‡i
mwÜ K‡i †bqÕ|24 A_P H `yÕiv‡Z †KD we‡klfv‡e †Kvb Bev`Z ev
Abyôvbvw` K‡ibv Ges Kivi weavbI †bB| (3) GB iv‡Z ev w`‡b
ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) I Qvnvev‡q †Kivg †Kvbiƒc evowZ Avgj ev Bev`Z
K‡ibwb| (4) gZ‡f‡ì mgq ivm~j (Qvt) Avgv‡ì‡K Zuvi I Zuvi
Lyjvdv‡q iv‡k`x‡bi mybvœ Z KwVbfv‡e AuvK‡o aivi wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Qb|25
wZwb e‡jb, †h e¨w³ Ggb KvR Ki‡e, hv‡Z Avgv‡ì wb‡`©k †bB, Zv
cÖZ¨vL¨vZÕ|26 AZGe 15B kvÔevb Dcj‡¶¨ cÖPwjZ mKj cÖKvi
Bev`Z I Abyôvbvw` wbtm‡›`‡n we`ÔAvZ| Avj−vn me©vwaK AeMZ|
21. dvZvIqv Avjevbx (AwWI) wK¬c bs 186/6|

22. ZzndvZzj AvnIqvhx, kin Rv‡gÔ wZiwghx nv/736-Gi e¨vL¨v `ªóe¨|
23. eyLvix nv/1145; gymwjg nv/758; wgkKvZ nv/1223|
24. gymwjg nv/2565; wgkKvZ nv/5029-30|
25. Avey`vE` nv/4607; Beby gvRvn nv/42; wgkKvZ nv/165|
26. eyLvix nv/2697; gymwjg nv/1718; Avjevbx, wgkKvZ (êiƒZ : 1985) nv/140|
Contents
15 k‡eeivZ 15
(3) G iv‡Z iƒn mg~‡ni AvMgb N‡U|
aviYv cÖPwjZ Av‡Q †h, G iv‡Z iƒn¸wj me g‡Z©¨ †b‡g Av‡m| wKš‘
mwZ¨ mwZ¨B wK iƒn¸wj Bj−xb ev wm¾xb nÕ‡Z mvgwqKfv‡e Qvov †c‡q
c„w_ex‡Z †b‡g Av‡m? Zviv wK ¯^ ¯^ evox‡Z ev Ke‡i wd‡i Av‡m?
hv‡ì gvM‡divZ Kvgbvi Rb¨ Avgiv `‡j `‡j Kei¯’v‡bi w`‡K Qy‡U
hvB| GgbwK †g‡q‡ì Rb¨ Kei †hqviZ Awm× nÕ‡jI Zv‡ì‡KI G
iv‡Z Kei¯’v‡b wfo Ki‡Z †`Lv hvq| G m¤ú‡K© mvaviYZt m~iv
K¡ì-Gi 4 I 5 AvqvZ `yÕwU‡K cÖgvY wnmv‡e †ck Kiv n‡q _v‡K|
†hLv‡b ejv n‡q‡Q, EU L Q
SR U G AU BG ZN ?G Y @G NBU$G
X *U ^ N* R L yG<Y HR {[ NCN
eG
U dL Y rG .L-Y N [&N N
G a8N Ô†m ivwÎ‡Z †d‡ikZvMY I iƒn AeZxY©
nq Zv‡ì cÖwZcvj‡Ki AbygwZµ‡g| mKj wel‡q †Kej kvwš—;
dR‡ii D`qKvj ch©š—Õ| GLv‡b Ô†m ivwÎÕ ej‡Z jvqjvZzj K¡ì ev
k‡eK¡ì‡K eySv‡bv n‡q‡Q- hv GB m~ivi 1g, 2q I 3q Avqv‡Z ejv
n‡q‡Q Ges ÔiƒnÕ ej‡Z wReªxj (Avt)-†K eySv‡bv n‡q‡Q|
AÎ m~ivq ÔiƒnÕ AeZxY© nq K_vwU i‡q‡Q weavq nqZev A‡b‡K aviYv
K‡i wb‡q‡Qb †h, g„Z e¨w³‡ì iƒn¸wj me `ywbqvq †b‡g Av‡m| A_P
GB A_© †Kvb weØvb K‡ibwb| ÔiƒnÕ kãwU GKePb| G m¤ú‡K© nv‡dh
Beby KvQxi (int) ¯^xq Zvdmx‡i e‡jb, ÔGLv‡b iƒn ej‡Z †d‡ikZvM‡Yi
mi`vi wReivCj‡K eySv‡bv n‡q‡Q| †KD e‡jb, we‡kl ai‡bi GK
†d‡ikZv| Z‡e Gi †Kvb Qnxn wfwË †bBÕ (H, Zvdmxi m~iv K¡ì)|
eySv †Mj †h, K¡`‡ii ivwÎ‡Z wReivCj (Avt) Zuvi we‡kl †d‡ikZv
`j wb‡q `ywbqv‡Z AeZiY K‡ib Ges gywgb‡ì QvjvZ, †ZjvIqvZ,
whK&i-AvhKvi BZ¨vw` Bev`‡Zi mgq ing‡Zi Wvbv wewQ‡q Zv‡ì‡K
wN‡i _v‡Kb| Gi mv‡_ g„Z †jvK‡ì iƒn wd‡i Avmvi †Kvb m¤úK©
†bB| AZGe gwngvwš^Z k‡eK¡`‡i hLb g„Z iƒn¸‡jv wd‡i Av‡m bv,
ZLb k‡eeiv‡Z G¸‡jv wd‡i Avmvi hyw³ †Kv_vq? G wel‡q †Kvb
Qnxn `jxj _vK‡j Zv Aek¨B gvb‡Z nÕZ| wKš‘ †Zgb wKQyB †bB|
GgZve¯’vq Hme iƒ‡ni m¤§v‡b AvMievwZ, †gvgevwZ ev is-†eis‡qi
ê`y¨wZK evwZ R¡vwj‡q Av‡jvKm¾v Kiv, Zv‡ì gvM‡divZ Kvgbvi
Rb¨ `‡j `‡j Kei †hqviZ Kiv, fvMïRbx g‡b K‡i DbœZgv‡bi
Contents
16 k‡eeivZ 16
Lv`¨ f¶Y Kiv Ges GB Dcj‡¶¨ Av‡qvwRZ wewfbœ gvnwdj I mKj
cÖKv‡ii AbyôvbB we`ÔAvZ-Gi ch©vqfy³ n‡e| eis A‡nZzK A_© I
mg‡qi AcP‡qi Rb¨ Ges we`ÔAv‡Zi mnvqZv Kivi Rb¨ Avj−vn&i
Mh‡ei wkKvi nIqvi m¤¢vebvB †ekx|
Avãyj nK gynvwÏQ †`njfx nvbvdx-Gi AwfgZ :
Avãyj nK gynvwÏQ †`njfx nvbvdx (958-1052 wn.)-Gi g‡Z GB
iv‡Z Av‡jvKm¾v Kiv wn›`y‡ì Ô†ÌqvjxÕ Drm‡ei AbyKiY gvÎÕ|
wZwb ga¨ kvÔev‡bi dhxjZ wel‡q wewfbœ hCd I gIh~Ô nv`xQ (hv
BwZc~‡e© ewY©Z n‡q‡Q) D‡j−L Kivi ci e‡jb,

G X (
^ G VL U>G U G !G UBG Y G
L G G ILSY OL $G
X [
N N N CN N G N UG
[ p
G !N ,GY N G *N

G N .T*N G BU .TG AU BX +X <N G U *N |N GgL G AU
X X tX dL CN*N ?G N !U
X Y*N j
G X,XY .L+N BN G x U *N *N
QY N 9G N ,NNU <X Y G 1
N U1
G:[ G XR Y $G QL 2 U OL 7L <N G 0X "[G$L n G UG ,UG Y X N &U >G*N G [G
X NU N 7L *N p a U xX U N 7L *N
a UG x
N 7L % ` U!G &N BN U$G *G U N AU L*N 9G N ,NNU <X Y G UKL $G 7L *N
<N
X N N G UdL UG
[ G UN N 1 N Y N G G [GN N Y G N!Z N G !G UBG Y G
L G G UKL $G | N GL
G
L G !N +N N G [<G N N Y G L ,GY $G 7L *N <N
G G UKL $G 7L *N dc UG U CN*N <u UmG U CN ;
i
$G G XBX Y 8G U X X U G c W N CZG
G GN Y ^ L N
X *N | N GL ?L U R N ?Y OL ( N +N QY N !G UBG Y
G dY R Y 8G [O U G n
U NVG N G N UG
[ G +N !U ,GY 8G X ^ L [ +N ?T @G$L G*N !Z .G G X (
^ G VL U>G
AX
G G W N CZ*N G L GtU @GY*N 9G N *N
N <X Y G ,N(
N G G U<G .G(U <X Y $G n U +N _N *N !G UBG Y $G
vG <N .LX Y N G N UG tZ oN<X Y X U N HL lL ej G N $GL Y vG (
N Z N G j G N *U {[ *N qG N (
[
G N UG
[ G +N !U ,GY N G G 2N : XW U <N Y GN.T $G 9G N UIGL Y
G X (
^ M
G !N 1 U GU G +N
erE x
N U N G$ p
G U
[ G$ a kLOL 0G GN,1
U GU @GG U G X AU L G N N1Y L.+N 9̀NNG !G UlGN Y 9L N IYSL ?T @G$L
ÔwbK…ó we`ÔAvZ mg~n hv wn›`y¯v— ‡bi AwaKvsk †`‡k cÖPwjZ Av‡Q,
†m¸wji Ab¨Zg nÕj evox-N‡i I cÖvPxi mg~‡ni Dci Av‡jvKm¾v
Kiv I G¸wj wb‡q Me© Kiv| Avi G Dcj‡¶¨ `je×fv‡e AvZkevhx
I AvMievwZ †cvov‡bvi †Lj-Zvgvkvq gË nIqv| G¸wj Hme wel‡qi
Contents
17 k‡eeivZ 17
Aš—fy©³, †hm‡ei †Kvb wfwË MÖnY‡hvM¨ †Kvb weï× MÖ‡š’ †bB| GgbwK
AMÖnY‡hvM¨ †Kvb wKZv‡eI †bB| G wel‡q †Kvb nv`xQ ewY©Z nqwb|
bv †Kvb hCd bv †Kvb gIh~Ô| wn›`y¯v— ‡bi †`k¸wji evB‡i GwU
†Kv_vI cÖPwjZ †bB| Avie †`kmg~‡ni g‡a¨ nvivgvBb kixdvB‡b
†bB- Avj−vn G `yB nviv‡gi m¤§vb I gh©v`v e„w× Ki“b! G `yÕwU ¯’vb
QvovI Ab¨ †Kvb ¯’v‡b †bB| Abvie †`k¸wj‡ZI †bB, wn›`y¯v— ‡bi
†`k¸wj e¨ZxZ| eis m‡e©v”P aviYv g‡Z GwU wn›`y‡ì Ô†ÌqvjxÕ
Drm‡e Av‡jvKm¾vi cÖ_v nÕ‡Z M„nxZ| †Kbbv mvaviYfv‡e wbK…ó
we`ÔAvZ mg~‡ni †iIqvR Kzdix hvgvbv †_‡K wn›`y¯v— ‡b i‡q †M‡Q|
†m¸wj gymjgvb‡ì g‡a¨ Qwo‡q c‡o‡Q cvi¯úwiK cÖwZ‡ekx nIqv I
†gjv‡gkvi Kvi‡Y Ges Zv‡ì gwnjv‡ì M„nKg©x wnmv‡e MÖnY Kiv I
Zv‡ì bvix‡ì weevn Kivi Kvi‡YÕ| cieZ©x weØvbM‡Yi g‡a¨Kvi
†KD †KD e‡j‡Qb, we‡kl we‡kl iv‡Î AwaKnv‡i Av‡jvKm¾v Kiv
wbK…ó we`ÔAvZ mg~‡ni Aš—fy©³| †Kbbv cÖ‡qvR‡bi AwZwi³
AwaKnv‡i Av‡jv R¡vjv‡bv Ôgy¯v— nveÕ nIqvi c‡¶ kixÔAv‡Zi †Kv_vI
†Kvb ÔAvQviÕ ewY©Z nqwbÕ|27
cwi‡k‡l GKwU wel‡qi cÖwZ `„wó AvKl©Y K‡iB Av‡jvPbvi BwZ Uvb‡Z
PvB| †Kvb GKwU wbw`©ó ivwÎ ev wèm‡K ïf ev Aïf MY¨ Kiv
Bmjvgx bxwZi we‡ivax| ivwÎ I wè‡mi mªóv Avj−vn| ZvB †Kvb GKwU
ivZ ev w`b‡K AwaK g½jgq wnmv‡e MY¨ Ki‡Z †M‡j †mLv‡b
Avj−vn&i wb‡`©k Aek¨B hiƒix| ÔAwnÕ e¨ZxZ gvbyl G e¨vcv‡i wb‡R
†_‡K †Kvb wm×vš— w`‡Z cv‡i bv| †hgb KziAvb I nv`x‡Qi gva¨‡g
Avgiv jvqjvZzj K¡ì I gv‡n ivgvhv‡bi we‡kl gh©v`v Ges H mg‡qi
Bev`‡Zi we‡kl dhxjZ m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z †c‡iwQ|
G¶‡Y hw` k‡eeivZ, k‡e‡gÔivR, RygÔAvZzj we`vÔ BZ¨vwì we‡kl
†Kvb dhxjZ Ges we‡kl Bev`Z m¤ú‡K© wKQy _vKZ, Z‡e Zv
ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) Aek¨B Zuvi Qvnvex‡ì‡K Rvwb‡q †h‡Zb| wZwb wb‡R
Ki‡Zb I Zuvi QvnvexMYI Zvi Dc‡i Avgj Ki‡Zb| ïay wb‡Riv
Avgj Ki‡Zb bv, eis gymwjg D¤§vn&i wbK‡U Zv cÖPvi K‡i †h‡Zb
27. Avãyj nK †`njfx, gv QvevZv wemmybœvn (w`j−x gyRZvevqx †cÖm : Aviex-D`~©

1309/1891 L„.) 214-15 c„.|
Contents
18 k‡eeivZ 18
Ges Zv KL‡bvB †Mvcb ivL‡Zb bv| KviY ZuvivB Bmjv‡gi cÖ_g
KvZv‡ii ev¯—e iƒcKvi| ZuvivB Øxb‡K G `ywbqvq me©vwaK Z¨v‡Mi
wewbg‡q cÖwZwôZ K‡i †M‡Qb| Avj−vn Zuv‡ì Dci ing Ki“b-
Avgxb! wKš‘ Zuv‡ì g‡a¨ Ges cweÎ KziAvb I Qnxn nv`x‡Q Gm‡ei
wKQyB cvIqv hvq bv| eis GK_vB cvIqv hvq †h, RygÔAvi w`b I ivZ
nÕj me‡P‡q m¤§vwbZ| A_P RygÔAvi ivZ‡K Bev`‡Zi Rb¨ Ges
w`b‡K wQqv‡gi Rb¨ LvQ Kiv wbwl×Õ|28 AZGe Qnxn `jxj e¨ZxZ
†Kvb GKwU ivZ ev w`b‡K Bev`‡Zi Rb¨ wbw`©ó Kiv wKfv‡e Rv‡qh
nÕ‡Z cv‡i, myax cvVKgÊjx Zv †f‡e †`L‡eb Avkv Kwi| cwi‡k‡l
eûj cÖPvwiZ evsjv eB ÔgKQy`yj †gv‡gbxbÕ (1985) c„. 235-242
Ges ÔgKQy`yj †gvgxbÕ (1985) 402-408 c„ôvq k‡eeiv‡Zi dhxjZ
ej‡Z wM‡q nv`x‡Qi bv‡g †h 16wU eY©bv D×„Z n‡q‡Q, Zvi meB
ev‡bvqvU I wfwËnxb|
k‡eeiv‡Zi QvjvZ
(
8 9:
)
GB iv‡Z 100 ivKÔAvZ QvjvZ cov n‡q _v‡K| G wel‡q †h nv`xQ
ejv n‡q _v‡K Zv ÔgIh~Ô ev Rvj| GB QvjvZ 448 wnRix‡Z me©cÖ_g
evqZzj gyK¡vÏvm gmwR‡` Pvjy nq|
†gvj−v Avjx K¡vix nvbvdx-Gi AwfgZ :
wgkKvZ kix‡di L¨vZbvgv Aviex fvl¨Kvi †gvj−v Avjx K¡vix nvbvdx
(g„. 1014 wn.) e‡jb, †R‡b ivL †h, Bgvg ˆmq~Z¡x (849-911 wn.)-
Gi G +N x X U <N Y %
G G &N oLY $G R +N X:
U <X Y = †KZv‡e `vqjvgx I
Ab¨vb¨‡ì AvbxZ nv`xQ mg~n †hLv‡b ga¨ kvÔev‡b cÖwZ ivKÔAv‡Z 10
evi K‡i m~iv BLjvQ mn 100 ivKÔAvZ Qvjv‡Zi †h AMwYZ dhxjZ
ewY©Z n‡q‡Q, Zv meB gIh~Ô| ZvQvov Avjx web Beivnxg †Kvb GK
cyw¯—Kvq e‡j‡Qb, ga¨ kvÔev‡bi ivwÎ‡Z Qvjv‡Z Avj&wdBqvn
(R NdG YoLY 9R
L:[ ) bv‡g cÖwZ ivKÔAv‡Z 10 evi K‡i m~iv BLjvQ mn 100
28. gymwjg nv/1144; wgkKvZ nv/2052|
Contents
19 k‡eeivZ 19
ivKÔAvZ QvjvZ RvgvÔAvZ mnKv‡i hv Av`vq Kiv nq Ges hv‡K
†jv‡Kiv RygÔAv I C`vq‡bi PvB‡Z ¸i“Z¡ w`‡q Av`vq K‡i _v‡K, †m
wel‡q hCd ev gIh~Ô e¨ZxZ †Kvb nv`xQ ev AvQvi ewY©Z nqwb|
Ge¨vcv‡i Avey Zv‡je gv°xi (g„. 386 wn.) ÔK‚Zzj Kyj~eÕ jX U lR)
G .RVR Y I Bgvg Mvhvjxi (450-505 wn.) ÔGn&BqvD Dj~wgÏxbÕ vi N&U >G)
(]
(G !Z 8G .R+X wKZv‡e Zvi D‡j−L †`‡L Ges G m¤ú‡K© K‡qKwU nv`xQ
†`‡L †KD †hb †auvKvq bv c‡ob| GB Qvjv‡Zi gva¨‡g mvaviY gvbyl
weivU wdrbvq c‡o hvq| GgbwK GB Qvjv‡Zi Kvi‡Y †jv‡Kiv
Av‡jvKm¾v K‡i Ges bvbvwea cvcvPv‡i wjß nq| hvi Kvi‡Y
ci‡nhMvi e¨w³MY Avj−vn&i Mh‡e hgxb aŸ‡m hvIqvi f‡q kni †Q‡o
R½‡j cvwj‡q hvb| GB we`ÔAvZ me©cÖ_g 448 wnRix‡Z
†Ri“hv‡j‡gi evqZzj gyK¡vÏvm gmwR‡` Pvjy nq| gmwR‡ì g~L©
BgvgMY ÔQvjvZzi ivMv‡qeÕ Z_v iR‡ei cÖ_g RygÔAv I ga¨ kvÔev‡bi
ivwÎ‡Z I Ab¨vb¨ mg‡q we‡kl ¸i“Z¡ w`‡q GBme QvjvZ Pvjy K‡i|
Gi gva¨‡g Zviv RbmvaviY‡K GKwÎZ Kivi Ges Zv‡ì Dci †bZ…Z¡
Kivi I †cU cywZ© Kivi GKUv duv` †c‡ZwQj gvÎ|... ejv n‡q‡Q †h,
Av‡jvKm¾v Kivi we`ÔAvZ cÖ_g Pvjy K‡ib Ljxdv nviƒbyi ikx`
(170-193 wn.)-Gi AwMœ DcvmK bI gymwjg evigvKx gš¿xMY|
gymjgvb nIqvi c‡iI Zviv Zv‡ì c~‡e©Kvi AwMœc~Rvi AvKl©Y Qvo‡Z
cv‡iwb| Zviv Av¸‡bi w`‡K wd‡iB i“K‚-wmR`v KiZ| A_P kixÔAv‡Z
Gi †Kvb Aby‡gv`b †bB| GLbI †h me nvRxiv AvivdvZ, gyh`v‡jdv
I wgbvi cvnvo mg~‡n Av‡jv R¡vwj‡q _v‡K, Zv Gm‡eiB Aš—fy©³|29
G iv‡Z wec` gyw³i QvjvZ :
we‡kl †Kvb wec` nÕ‡Z gyw³i Rb¨ Ges eqm e„w×i Rb¨ G iv‡Z 6
ivKÔAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq Kiv nq (j E N SY N n
Z (
Z 9R
L2
N )| †hLv‡b m~iv
Bqvmxb I Ab¨vb¨ †`vÔAv mg~n cvV Kiv nq| GBBqvD Dj~wgÏxb-Gi
29. wgiK¡vZ (w`j−x Qvcv : Zvwe) Ôivgvhv‡bi ivwÎ RvMiYÕ Aby‡”Q`, 3/197-98; H,
(êiƒZ Qvcv : 1422/2002) 3/976-77; ZzndvZzj AvnIqvhx kin wZiwghx (g`xbv
gybvIqvivn : gvKZvev mvjvwdBqvn 1384/1964) 3/443, nv/736-Gi Av‡jvPbv `ªóe¨|
Contents
20 k‡eeivZ 20
fvl¨Kvi e‡jb, GB QvjvZ †bZ…¯’vbxq Q~dx‡ì cieZ©x wKZve mg~‡n
LyeB cÖwm×| A_P Avwg GB Qvjv‡Zi Ges Gi †`vÔAv mg~‡ni Rb¨
kixÔAv‡Z †Kvb weï× `jxj cvBwb| G¸wj †Kej gvkv‡qL‡ì Avgj
gvÎ| Avgv‡ì eÜziv e‡jb, Gme ivwÎ¸wj‡Z gmwR` ev Ab¨Î
`je×fv‡e RvMiY Kiv gvKiƒn| wnRv‡hi AwaKvsk Av‡jg I g`xbvi
dK¡xnMY Ges Bgvg gv‡j‡Ki wkl¨MY e‡jb, Gme QvjvZB we`ÔAvZ|
GRb¨ RvgvÔAvZe×fv‡e ivwÎ RvMi‡Yi welqwU ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) I Zuvi
QvnvexM‡Yi Øviv cÖgvwYZ bq| Bgvg beex e‡jb, iRe I kvÔev‡bi
`yÕwU QvjvZB wbK…ó we`ÔAvZÕ| MÖš’Kvi ïK¡vBix e‡jb, ga¨ kvÔevb‡K
K¡`‡ii ivwÎ aviYv Kiv gynvw°K¡ gynvwÏQM‡Yi HK¨g‡Z m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c
evwZj| †Kbbv K¡`‡ii ivwÎ nÕj ivgvhv‡b, Zv KL‡bvB kvÔev‡b bq|
G wel‡q nv‡dh Beby KvQxi ¯^xq Zvdmx‡i Ges Bebyj ÔAvivex kin
wZiwghx‡Z we¯—vwiZ Av‡jvPbv K‡i‡Qb|30
kvqL web evh-Gi AwfgZ :
GB iv‡Z gmwR‡` wM‡q GKvKx ev RvgvÔAvZe×fv‡e QvjvZ Av`vq
Kiv, whK&i-AvhKv‡i wjß nIqv m¤ú‡K© Rvbv hvq †h, kv‡gi wKQy
weØvb GwU cÖ_g ïi“ K‡ib| Zuviv GB iv‡Z my›ì †cvlvK c‡i I
AvZi-myigv jvwM‡q gmwR‡` wM‡q ivwÎ RvMiY Ki‡Z _v‡Kb| c‡i
welqwU †jvK‡ì g‡a¨ Qwo‡q c‡o| g°v-g`xbvi Av‡jgMY Gi Zxeª
we‡ivwaZv K‡ib| wKš‘ kv‡gi weØvb‡ì †`Lv‡`wL wKQy †jvK G¸‡jv
Ki‡Z ïi“ K‡i| GBfv‡e GwU RbM‡Yi g‡a¨ Qwo‡q c‡oÕ|31
eySv †Mj †h, k‡eeivZ Dcj‡¶¨ we‡kl QvjvZ ev Bev`Z Abyôvb
m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c be¨m„ó ev we`ÔAvZ| Gi m‡½ ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) ev Qvnvev‡q
†Kiv‡gi mybœv‡Zi †Kvb m¤úK© †bB| ZeyI †jv‡Kiv G KvR K‡i
_v‡K| Zvi wcQ‡b m¤¢eZt `yÕwU KviY wµqvkxj i‡q‡Q|-
30. gynv¤§v` Avãym mvjvg wLwhi Avk-ïK¡vBix, Avm-mybvb Iqvj-gyeZv`vÔAvZ (êiƒZ

`vi“j Rxj : 1408/1988) 145-46 c„.|
31. mE`x Avi‡ei MÖvÊ gydZx kvqL Avãyj Avhxh web Avãyj−vn web evh (1330-
1420/1912-1999), ÔAvZ-Zvnhxi“ wgbvj we`vÔ (g`xbv Bmjvgx wek¦we`¨vjq :
1396 wn.) 12-13 c„.; H, Abyev` (nvdvev : 1432/2011) 22 c„.|
Contents
21 k‡eeivZ 21
1g KviY : G Dcj‡¶¨ QvjvZ wQqvg I Ab¨vb¨ Bev`Z Abyôvb g~jZt
we`ÔAvZ nÕ‡jI KvR¸wj †Zv fvj| AZGe Ôwe`ÔAv‡Z nvmvbvnÕ ev
my›ì we`ÔAvZ wnmv‡e Ki‡j †`vl wK? Gi RIqve nÕj GB †h,
Bmjvgx kixÔAvZ †Kvb gvby‡li ˆZix bq| eis m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c Avj−vn&i ÔAwnÕ
Øviv cÖZ¨vw`ó| Gi Bev`Z wel‡qi meUzKzB kixÔAvZ KZ©K „ wba©vwiZ|
†hLv‡b mvgvb¨Zg Kg‡ekx Kivi AwaKvi Kvi“ †bB| Avi kixÔAv‡Zi
g‡a¨ bZzb wKQy m„wó Kiv‡KB †Zv we`ÔAvZ ejv nq| mKj we`ÔAvZB
åóZv| hvi cwiYvg Rvnvbœvg| ZvB G †_‡K cÖ‡Z¨K gymjgv‡bi `~‡i
_vKv Acwinvh©| gvìvmv, gKZe, †Pqvi, †Uwej BZ¨vw` e¯‘MZ
welq¸wj kixÔAv‡Zi cwifvlvq we`ÔAvZ bq| ZvB Ôwe`ÔAv‡Z
nvmvbvnÕ bvg w`‡q a‡g©i bv‡g m„ó k‡eeivZ-†K Rv‡qh Kiv P‡j bv|
2q KviY : ga¨ kvÔev‡bi we‡kl dhxjZ m¤ú‡K© †Kvb Qnxn nv`xQ bv
_vK‡jI A‡bK¸wj hCd I gIh~Ô nv`xQ †h‡nZz Av‡Q, †m‡nZz
Ôdvhv‡qjÕ msµvš— e¨vcv‡i hCd nv`x‡Qi Dc‡i Avgj Kivq †`vl
†bB| Gi RIqve GB †h, hCd nv`x‡Qi Dc‡i †Kvb `jxj Kv‡qg
Kiv wm× bq| Zey ewY©Z hyw³wU †g‡b wb‡jI Zv †Kej Hme †¶‡Î
cÖ‡hvR¨ n‡e, †hme Avg‡ji wcQ‡b †Kvb Qnxn I my`„p `jxj gIRy`
Av‡Q| k‡eeiv‡Zi wcQ‡b GB ai‡bi †Kvb Qnxn `jxj †bB| cweÎ
KziAvb I Qnxn nv`x‡Q eis Gi we‡ivax e³e¨B Avgiv BwZc~‡e© kªeY
K‡i G‡mwQ| ZvQvov k‡eeivZ †Kej dvhv‡qj-Gi Abyôvb bq eis
ixwZgZ Bev`‡Zi Abyôvb, hvi †Kvb wfwË kixÔAv‡Z †bB| nv‡dh
BivKx (725-806 wn.) e‡jb, ga¨ kvÔev‡bi we‡kl QvjvZ m¤úwK©Z
nv`xQmg~n gIh~Ô Ges ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt)-Gi Dc‡i wg_¨v‡ivc gvÎ|
Bgvg befx (631-676 wn.) e‡jb, ÔQvjv‡Z ivMv‡qeÕ bv‡g cwiwPZ
12 ivKÔAvZ QvjvZ, hv gvMwie I Gkvi g‡a¨ cov nq Ges iRe
gv‡mi cÖ_g RygÔAvi ivwÎ‡Z I ga¨ kvÔev‡bi ivwÎ‡Z 100 ivKÔAvZ
QvjvZ Av`vq Kiv n‡q _v‡K, G¸wj we`ÔAvZ I gybKvi|... GB
QvjvZ¸wj m¤ú‡K© hZ nv`xQ eY©bv Kiv n‡q _v‡K meB evwZj| †Kvb
†Kvb Av‡jg G¸wj‡K Ôgy¯v— nveÕ cÖgvY Ki‡Z wM‡q †h wKQy c„ôv LiP
K‡i‡Qb, ZvivI G e¨vcv‡i fy‡ji g‡a¨ Av‡QbÕ|32
32. AvZ-Zvnhxi“ wgbvj we`vÔ 14 c„.|
Contents
22 k‡eeivZ 22
kvÔevb gv‡mi KiYxq
(,;5 &< 8 0&= >$0 )
ivgvhv‡bi Av‡Mi gvm wnmv‡e kvÔevb gv‡mi cÖavb KiYxq nÕj,
AwaKnv‡i wQqvg cvjb Kiv| †hgb nv`x‡Q G‡m‡Q,
0G U.L+N ;i .T2 N ; G HL XN n X U OLN N*N ...n U LLl NBU+N ; i N x G N L N yGN+ U +N
uN2 G 0X UG N ILSY OL E BU _N G$ 0X XUOLN N*N ?L N\N N 7T >G
P lL E BU _N 8N N2
G QL <N Y NU AN .TN *N
e0G U.L+N Fa dL [X e c G.lL 7T >G ?L N,U _N 8X X:N ?L LS : BN U+N E N*N G $G*N e?L N,U _N G$
ÔnhiZ Av‡qkv (ivt) e‡jb, Avwg ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt)-†K ivgvhvb e¨ZxZ
Ab¨ †Kvb gv‡m kvÔev‡bi b¨vq GZ AwaK wQqvg cvjb Ki‡Z
†`wLwbÕ| Zuvi †_‡K Ab¨ eY©bvq G‡m‡Q, ivm~j (Qvt) kvÔev‡bi †k‡li
w`‡K gvÎ K‡qK w`b wQqvg cwiZ¨vM Ki‡ZbÕ|33 Aek¨ hviv kvÔev‡bi
cÖ_g †_‡K wbqwgZ wQqvg cvjb K‡ib, Zv‡ì Rb¨ †k‡li c‡bi w`b
wQqvg cvjb Kiv DwPZ bq| †Kbbv ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, L>G
XX:CN
L $L ?R N,U _N
N :
N N"U Ôga¨ kvÔev‡bi ci †Zvgiv Avi wQqvg †iL
bvÕ|34 Aek¨ hw` †KD Af¨¯— nb ev gvbZ K‡i _v‡Kb, Zviv †k‡li
w`‡KI wQqvg cvjb Ki‡eb|35
†gvUK_v kvÔevb gv‡m AwaK nv‡i bdj wQqvg cvjb Kiv mybœvZ| Qnxn
`jxj e¨ZxZ †Kvb w`b ev ivZ‡K wQqvg I Bev`‡Zi Rb¨ wbw`©ó Kiv
mybœv‡Zi ei‡Ljvd| Aek¨ hviv cÖwZ †mvg I e„n¯úwZev‡i wKsev ga¨
gv‡m AvBqv‡g exh-Gi wZb w`b bdj wQqv‡g Af¨¯—, Zviv 13, 14 I
15B36 kvÔev‡b D³ wbq‡ZB wQqvg cvjb Ki‡eb, k‡eeiv‡Zi wbq‡Z
bq| wbq‡Zi †Mvjgvj nÕ‡j †Kej Kó KivB mvi n‡e| †Kbbv
we`ÔAvZx †Kvb Avgj Avj−vncvK Keyj K‡ib bv Ges mKj cÖKvi
we`ÔAvZB åóZv I cÖZ¨vL¨vZ| Avj−vn Avgv‡ì mevB‡K cweÎ
33. eyLvix nv/1969; gymwjg nv/1156; wgkKvZ nv/2036|

34. Avey`vE` nv/2337; wZiwghx nv/738; Beby gvRvn nv/1651; wgkKvZ nv/1974|
35. eyLvix nv/1914, 1983; gymwjg nv/1082, 1161; wgkKvZ nv/1973, 2038|
36. bvmvC nv/2422; wZiwghx nv/761; wgkKvZ nv/2057|
Contents
23 k‡eeivZ 23
KziAvb I Qnxn nv`x‡Qi Av‡jv‡K wbR wbR Avgj mg~n cwiï× K‡i
†bIqvi ZvIdxK `vb Ki“b- Avgxb!
Dcmsnvi :
Ôk‡eeivZÕ †Kvb Bmjvgx ce© bq| H wbq‡Z QvjvZ-wQqvg, `vb-
Qv`vK¡v wKQyB Avj−vn&i ìev‡i Keyj n‡e bv| eis ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt)-Gi
ZixKv we‡ivax nIqvi Kvi‡Y Ges H Dcj‡¶¨ Av‡qvwRZ Abyôvbvw`‡Z
A_© I mg‡qi AcP‡qi Kvi‡Y Av‡Liv‡Z †MÖdZvi nIqvi mg~n
m¤¢vebv i‡q‡Q| AZGe we`ÔAvZ nÕ‡Z †eu‡P _vKzb!
?L R.tX !U N G[ OR QP SR : AN .TN *N 0G U.L+N ;i T.2 N ; G HR XN HL Ll HL Ll 9L N UN
X GOL U +N
QL tN N G+N LOL U N : HL Ll ; G HL XN N NoY N U N *N : RLl . NOL U N 7T >G L[ N Y
eq^ G W
N ,XY 4X *N N e NOL !U VL $L G"N:+N U N *N L [N Y
nhiZ Avey ûivqiv (ivt) nÕ‡Z ewY©Z ivm~jj
y v− n (Qvt) Gikv` K‡ib,
ÔAvgvi mKj D¤§Z Rvbœv‡Z cÖ‡ek Ki‡e, †Kej H e¨w³ e¨ZxZ, †h
A¯^xKvi K‡i| QvnvexMY wR‡Ám Ki‡jb, Rvbœv‡Z †h‡Z †K A¯^xKvi
K‡i †n Avj−vn&i ivm~j? wZwb ej‡jb, †h Avgvi AvbyMZ¨ Kij, †m
Rvbœv‡Z cÖ‡ek Ki‡e| Avi †h Avgvi Aeva¨Zv Kij, †m e¨w³
A¯^xKvi KijÕ|37 Avj−vn Avgv‡ì‡K h_vh_fv‡e mybœvZ Abymi‡Yi
ZvIdxK `vb Ki“b- Avgxb!
Kwe e‡jb,

Ôivm~‡ji wecixZ c‡_ Pj‡e †h Rb + wbR Mš—‡e¨ Kfy †cuŠQ‡ebv †m RbÕ|
|> ]CO* dO n"O 7> 0> ?O !B_O !<* AB. |"1,
e]( 8V 8 w)<.* q
5 !* =dK AB.
***
37. eyLvix nv/7280; wgkKvZ, Avjevbx nv/143|
Contents
24Ônv`xQ dvD‡Êkb evsjv‡`kÕ k‡eeivZ cÖKvwkZ ¸i“Z¡c~Y© wKQz eB 24

eB‡qi bvg †jL‡Ki bvg
01 Avn‡jnv`xQ Av‡›`vjb wK I †Kb? (evsjv) (Bs‡iRx) gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje
02 Avn‡jnv`xQ Av‡›`vjb: DrcwË I µgweKvk; gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje
`w¶Y Gwkqvi †cÖw¶Zmn (W±‡iU w_wmm)
03 bex‡ì Kvwnbx-1 I 2 gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje
04 bex‡ì Kvwnbx-3 [mxivZzi ivm~j (Qvt)] gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje
05 Zvdmxi“j KziAvb 30Zg cviv gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje
06 QvjvZzi ivm~j (Qvt) (evsjv) (Bs‡iRx) gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje
07 Rxeb `k©b gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje
08 w`M`k©b-1 I 2 gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje
09 ag©wbi‡c¶Zvev` gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje
10 wdiK¡v bvwRqvn gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje
11 wRnv` I wK¡Zvj gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje
12 Aviex K¡v‡q`v gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje
13 gxjv` cÖm½ gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje
14 k‡eeivZ (4_© ms¯‹iY) gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje
15 n¾ I Igivn gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje
16 D`vË AvnŸvb gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje
17 AvK¡x`v Bmjvwgqvn gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje
18 Bbmv‡b Kv‡gj (2q ms¯‹iY) gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje
19 gvmv‡q‡j Kzievbx I AvK¡xK¡v gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje
20 we`ÔAvZ n‡Z mveavb (kvqL web evh) (Abyt) gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje
21 bqwU cÖ‡kœi DËi (kvqL Avjevbx) (Abyt) gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje
22 ˆbwZK wfwË I cÖ¯v— ebv gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje
23 nv`x‡Qi cÖvgvwYKZv gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje
24 BK¡vg‡Z Øxb : c_ I c×wZ gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje
25 Avk~iv‡q gynviig I Avgv‡ì KiYxq gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje
26 `vIqvZ I wRnv` gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje
27 mgvR wec−‡ei aviv gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje
28 wZbwU gZev` gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje
29 ZvjvK I Zvnjxj gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje
30 Qwe I g~wZ© gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje
31 wnsmv I AnsKvi gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje
32 m~` (evsjv) (Bs‡iRx) kvn gynv¤§v` nvexeyi ingvb
33 Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡b weR‡qi ¯îƒc (Abyt) Wt bv‡Qi web †mvjvqgvb Avj-Igi
34 AvK¡x`v‡q gynv¤§v`x gvIjvbv Avngv` Avjx
35 Qnxn wKZvey` †`vÔAv gynv¤§v` b~i“j Bmjvg
36 âh© : ¸i“Z¡ I Zvrch© Wt gynv¤§v` Kvexi“j Bmjvg
37 ga¨cš’v : ¸i“Z¡ I cÖ‡qvRbxqZv Wt gynv¤§v` Kvexi“j Bmjvg
38 nv`x‡Qi Mí M‡elYv wefvM, nv. dv. ev.
39 M‡íi gva¨‡g Ávb M‡elYv wefvM, nv. dv. ev.
40 †h mKj nvivg †_‡K †eu‡P _vKv DwPZ (Abyt) gynv¤§v` Qv‡jn Avj-gybvw¾`
41 Bnmvb Bjvnx hnxi b~i“j Bmjvg
42 Avn‡jnv`xQ GKwU êwkó¨MZ bvg (Abyt) hyev‡qi Avjx hvC
43 †bZ…‡Z¡i †gvn (Abyt) gynv¤§v` Qv‡jn Avj-gybvw¾`
44 gybvwdKx (Abyt) gynv¤§v` Qv‡jn Avj-gybvw¾`
45 mv‡o 16 gv‡mi Kviv¯§„wZ gynv¤§v` b~i“j Bmjvg

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gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje

nv`xQ dvD‡Êkb evsjv‡`k

SHAB-I-BARAT by Dr. Muhammad Asadullah Al-Ghalib.

,& -& " ,./

0,12* 03 .+* 4! 6

we`ÔAv‡Zi msÁv (0 )&) :

we`ÔAv‡Zi cwiYvg (0 10) :

(1) nhiZ Av‡qkv (ivwhqvj−vû ÔAvbnv) †_‡K ewY©Z ivm~jyj−vn

1. mjxg †njvjx, Avj-we`ÔAvn (Av¤§vb, Avj-gvKZvevZzj BmjvwgBqvn, 1g ms¯‹iY

3. Avngv` nv/17184-85; nv‡Kg nv/329, 332; Avey`vE` nv/4607; wZiwghx

GKB ivex †_‡K Ab¨ eY©bvq G‡m‡Q, NB.RUL vG N\U,NY L.+N AU

5. Beby gvRvn nv/43; Qnxnvn nv/937|

8. gymwjg nv/2653; wgkKvZ nv/79 ÔZvK¡`x‡i wek¦vmÕ Aby‡”Q`|

21. dvZvIqv Avjevbx (AwWI) wK¬c bs 186/6|

27. Avãyj nK †`njfx, gv QvevZv wemmybœvn (w`j−x gyRZvevqx †cÖm : Aviex-D`~©

28. gymwjg nv/1144; wgkKvZ nv/2052|

30. gynv¤§v` Avãym mvjvg wLwhi Avk-ïK¡vBix, Avm-mybvb Iqvj-gyeZv`vÔAvZ (ˆeiƒZ

32. AvZ-Zvnhxi“ wgbvj we`vÔ 14 c„.|

33. eyLvix nv/1969; gymwjg nv/1156; wgkKvZ nv/2036|

37. eyLvix nv/7280; wgkKvZ, Avjevbx nv/143|

24Ônv`xQ dvD‡Êkb evsjv‡`kÕ k‡eeivZ cÖKvwkZ ¸i“Z¡c~Y© wKQz eB 24

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06 Shobebarat by Prof. Dr. Muhammad Asadullah Al Ghalib PDF

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Copyright

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06 Shobebarat by Prof. Dr. Muhammad Asadullah Al Ghalib PDF

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gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje

nv`xQ dvD‡Êkb evsjv‡`k

SHAB-I-BARAT by Dr. Muhammad Asadullah Al-Ghalib.

,& -& " ,./

0,12* 03 .+* 4! 6

we`ÔAv‡Zi msÁv (0 )&) :

we`ÔAv‡Zi cwiYvg (0 10) :

(1) nhiZ Av‡qkv (ivwhqvj−vû ÔAvbnv) †_‡K ewY©Z ivm~jyj−vn

1. mjxg †njvjx, Avj-we`ÔAvn (Av¤§vb, Avj-gvKZvevZzj BmjvwgBqvn, 1g ms¯‹iY

3. Avngv` nv/17184-85; nv‡Kg nv/329, 332; Avey`vE` nv/4607; wZiwghx

GKB ivex †_‡K Ab¨ eY©bvq G‡m‡Q, NB.RUL vG N\U,NY L.+N AU 

5. Beby gvRvn nv/43; Qnxnvn nv/937|

8. gymwjg nv/2653; wgkKvZ nv/79 ÔZvK¡`x‡i wek¦vmÕ Aby‡”Q`|

21. dvZvIqv Avjevbx (AwWI) wK¬c bs 186/6|

27. Avãyj nK †`njfx, gv QvevZv wemmybœvn (w`j−x gyRZvevqx †cÖm : Aviex-D`~©

28. gymwjg nv/1144; wgkKvZ nv/2052|

30. gynv¤§v` Avãym mvjvg wLwhi Avk-ïK¡vBix, Avm-mybvb Iqvj-gyeZv`vÔAvZ (ˆeiƒZ

32. AvZ-Zvnhxi“ wgbvj we`vÔ 14 c„.|

33. eyLvix nv/1969; gymwjg nv/1156; wgkKvZ nv/2036|

37. eyLvix nv/7280; wgkKvZ, Avjevbx nv/143|

24Ônv`xQ dvD‡Êkb evsjv‡`kÕ k‡eeivZ cÖKvwkZ ¸i“Z¡c~Y© wKQz eB 24

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,& -& " ,./

0,12* 03 .+* 4! 6

we`ÔAv‡Zi msÁv (0 )&) :

we`ÔAv‡Zi cwiYvg (0 10) :

GKB ivex †_‡K Ab¨ eY©bvq G‡m‡Q, NB.RUL vG N\U,NY L.+N AU