3 TYPES OF

VOLCANOES:

Members:

Samantha Gamat

Thalia Moore Frias

Kathleen Pacaldo

Luisa Marie Wong

Clark Junel Acquiadan

Trisha Eunice Makigod Grade & Section: 9- TINDALO

Elaine Tomas Submitted to: Mrs. Galaura

COMPOSITE VOLCANO
DESCRIPTION:
A stratovolcano, also known as a composite volcano, is a conical volcano built up by
many layers (strata) of hardened lava, tephra, pumice and ash. Unlike shield volcanoes,
stratovolcanoes are characterized by a steep profile with a summit crater and periodic
intervals of explosive eruptions and effusive eruptions, although some have collapsed
summit craters called calderas. The lava flowing from stratovolcanoes typically cools
and hardens before spreading far, due to high viscosity. The magma forming this lava is
often felsic, having high-to-intermediate levels of silica (as in rhyolite, dacite, or
andesite), with lesser amounts of less-viscous mafic magma. Extensive felsic lava flows
are uncommon, but have travelled as far as 15 km (9.3 mi).

Stratovolcanoes are sometimes called "composite volcanoes" because of their

composite stratified structure built up from sequential outpourings of erupted materials.
They are among the most common types of volcanoes, in contrast to the less common
shield volcanoes. Two famous examples of stratovolcanoes are Krakatoa in Indonesia,
known for its catastrophic eruption in 1883 and Vesuvius in Italy, whose catastrophic
eruption in AD 79 ruined the Roman cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum. Both eruptions
claimed thousands of lives. In modern times, Mount Saint Helens and Mount Pinatubo
have erupted catastrophically, with fewer deaths.

CINDER CONES VOLCANO

DESCRIPTION:
Cinder cones are the simplest type of volcano. They are built from particles and blobs of
congealed lava ejected from a single vent. As the gas-charged lava is blown violently
into the air, it breaks into small fragments that solidify and fall as cinders around the
vent to form a circular or oval cone. Most cinder cones have a bowl-shaped crater at the
summit and rarely rise more than a thousand feet or so above their surroundings. Cinder
cones are numerous in western North America as well as throughout other volcanic
terrains of the world.

SHIELD VOLCANO
DESCRIPTION:
A shield volcano is a wide volcano with shallowly-sloping sides.

Shield volcanoes are formed by lava flows of low viscosity - lava that flows easily.

Consequently, a volcanic mountain having a broad profile is built up over time by flow
after flow of relatively fluid basaltic lava issuing from vents or fissures on the surface of
the volcano.

Many of the largest volcanoes on Earth are shield volcanoes.

The largest is Mauna Loa on the Big Island of Hawaii; all the volcanoes in the Hawaiian
Islands are shield volcanoes.

There are also shield volcanoes, for example, in Washington, Oregon, and the Galapagos
Islands.

The Piton de la Fournaise, on Reunion Island, is one of the more active shield volcanoes
on earth, with one eruption per year on average.