Language Arts

Inferences
An Inference is a logical conclusion made from evidence and
reasoning. We made inferences every day constantly.
Forms of the word inference:
 Inference (noun): You make an inference.
 Infer (verb): You infer something.
 Inferential (adjective): Your conclusion is inferential.
Good inferences are supported by strong, reliable evidence.
In literature, inferences are made by looking carefully at the
evidence in the text you are reading, typically incomplete
evidence, and figure out what it means. Some books do not say
things literally so for you to understand well the story you must
pay close attention so you can figure it out, even though it is not
spelled out or it is not clearly or explicitly said. This is called
read between the lines.
Also, when you make an inference, you must back it up with
evidence from the text, so you must give a quote and explain
fully how it supports your inference and then look for another
and so on, until your analysis is the strongest you could make it.
This is called a literary analysis, a detailed interpretation of a
work of literature, typically with supporting evidence and
arguments.
Real-Life Inferences
We make many inferences in our daily lives and they greatly
influence our decisions. For example: there was a piece of cake
in the refrigerator that was mine, but someone ate it, so I must
infer who has eaten it. It could have been one of my brothers or
one of my parents. In order to make a correct inference I need
evidence. Since my mom is the one who is always hungry, I
infer that it is her. Another fact is that she was the one who
wanted that piece of cake from the beginning.

Fallacies
A fallacy is an incorrect conclusion, especially one based on
unsound reasoning.
Advice! The simplest answer that takes all the evidence
into account is usually the correct one. DON’T make it more
complicated than it needs to be.